TLDR:

• SEC Chair Paul Atkins said crypto markets may need updated securities rules built for blockchain systems.
• The SEC is reviewing exchange definitions to determine how on-chain trading platforms should be regulated.
• Broker and dealer rules may be revised to address wallets, software interfaces, and DeFi platforms.
• Crypto vaults generating yield are under review for possible securities and adviser law oversight.

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SEC crypto regulation is moving toward structural reform after Chair Paul Atkins outlined plans to review outdated securities rules.

The proposal focuses on adapting financial regulations to fit blockchain-based trading systems, settlement models, and crypto yield products.

SEC Reviews Exchange and Broker Rules for On-chain Markets

SEC Chair Paul Atkins signaled a major policy review for crypto markets during remarks at an industry event. He said the agency is considering whether long-standing securities rules still fit blockchain infrastructure.

The review centers on how the SEC classifies exchanges, brokers, dealers, and clearing agencies in decentralized finance. Atkins noted that on-chain systems operate differently from traditional financial institutions built around multiple intermediaries.

In legacy markets, brokers handle orders while exchanges match trades. Clearing agencies then manage settlement risks before assets move between parties. Blockchain systems compress these functions into automated protocols.

A decentralized exchange can execute swaps, route liquidity, manage collateral, and settle trades within seconds. Because of this architecture, regulators face increasing pressure to modernize rulebooks created for older financial models.

Eleanor Terrett took on X, where she noted that the SEC may launch notice-and-comment rulemaking around exchange definitions. This process allows developers, investors, and market operators to submit formal feedback before rules are finalized.

The move is notable because crypto firms have repeatedly criticized enforcement-driven oversight. Instead of learning compliance expectations through lawsuits, the market may now receive a clearer regulatory framework.

Atkins also addressed broker and dealer definitions as crypto interfaces become more software-driven. Wallet applications and front-end platforms often facilitate transactions without taking custody of assets.

This creates uncertainty about whether software operators should be subject to broker-dealer requirements. The SEC is now studying whether exemptive rulemaking could offer practical flexibility.

Blockchain Settlement and Crypto Vault Oversight Gain Focus

Atkins dedicated attention to clearing systems, which remain central to securities markets. Traditional clearinghouses exist because stock trades do not settle instantly.

Between trade execution and settlement, counterparties face the risk of non-delivery. Clearing agencies absorb this risk and maintain market stability.

Blockchain networks reduce this friction through near-instant settlement. Smart contracts can verify collateral, automate liquidations, and complete transfers programmatically.

Atkins questioned whether traditional clearing frameworks remain necessary for systems with atomic settlement. This review could influence the future design of tokenized securities platforms in the United States.

A separate part of the speech focused on crypto vaults that generate on-chain yield. These products often combine lending, staking, and treasury strategies into a single structure.

The SEC is assessing how such products fit under the Securities Act and Investment Advisers Act. Regulators appear focused on determining where investor protections are required.

Crypto yield platforms have expanded rapidly, yet legal classifications remain unclear. Atkins’ remarks suggest the SEC wants more tailored rules for these products.

Overall, SEC crypto regulation appears to be shifting from enforcement-first tactics toward infrastructure-specific policymaking. While no final rules were announced, the agency is now openly examining whether blockchain markets require updated legal architecture.

Bitcoin profit-taking could accelerate as BTC prices climb to three-month highs and investors begin locking in gains, according to Julio Moreno, head of research at onchain analytics platform CryptoQuant.

Holders realized 14,600 BTC in profits on Monday, or $1.1 billion, following Bitcoin’s April rally, Moreno said, adding that this is the “highest” single day of profit-taking since Dec. 10, when BTC was trading above $90,000.

Bitcoin holders’ realized profits spike after the April rally. Source: CryptoQuant

The Short-Term Holder Spent Output Profit Ratio (STH-SOPR), an onchain metric that gauges profit-taking by wallets that have held BTC for less than 155 days, also rose above 1, a level that indicates “clear profit-taking territory,” he added. He said:

“Bitcoin holders are realizing more than 20,000 BTC in net profits on a 30-day rolling basis, the first positive reading since December 22, 2025, following a period of heavy net losses in February and March that reached as deep as 398,000 BTC.”

Spikes in realized profit levels during crypto bear markets typically signal local price tops or sideways price action, Moreno said, adding that despite the rise in realized profits, demand has not caught up, and BTC remains in a bear market.

The Bitcoin Short-Term Holder Spent Output Profit Ratio signals that short-term holders are realizing profits. Source: CryptoQuant

Related: Bitcoin ‘supercycle’ or bear-market rally? BTC breaking $81K has traders at odds

Bitcoin ETF inflows remain strong, while analysts are divided on market health

Inflows into Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) remain strong, with four days of positive inflows this week, according to Farside data.

ETF inflows for the week surged past $1 billion, before an outflow of $268.5 million on Friday, Farside’s data shows.

Analysts remain divided about whether BTC has bottomed out or whether the ongoing bear market will deepen. 

Michael Terpin, an early Bitcoin investor, told Cointelegraph that BTC could bottom out at $57,000 in October 2026. The forecast is based on “historic” price patterns in which BTC hits its cycle low about one year after the cycle top, Terpin said.

There is a “chance” that Bitcoin might reclaim the $100,000 price level in 2026, but the odds are “unlikely,” Terpin told Cointelegraph.

Magazine: Bitcoin will not hit $1M by 2030, says veteran trader Peter Brandt

Bitcoin traded near $79,000 on Friday, as buyers stepped in on pullbacks toward the round figure and nudged prices back toward the $80,000 zone. The immediate question for traders is whether BTC can clear the overhead at around $84,000 and extend the current upmove, or if renewed selling pressure will cap the rally once more. The day’s readings come as a mosaic of signals from price momentum, on-chain flows, and notable market commentators, leaving traders weighing multiple interpretations of the short-term trajectory.

CryptoQuant analyst IT Tech weighed in on the chart dynamics, arguing that a bottom would only be confirmed if BTC rallies and sustains above $88,880. Until that level proves itself, the $85,000 to $88,000 area could remain a zone where buyers take profits and sellers step back in. Meanwhile, John Bollinger, creator of the Bollinger Bands, signaled a bullish turn in BTC’s trend in a recent post on X, suggesting the model’s readings point toward upside momentum and that positions have shifted in favor of the bulls.

Adding a different lens, Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) registered $277.5 million in net outflows on Thursday, the first such move in May according to SoSoValue data. The retreat of funds from BTC-linked products hints that, even as fundamentals and some charts look constructive, a portion of investors are choosing to lock in profits near resistance rather than chase higher prices into the next leg.

Key takeaways

• Bitcoin remains near $79k with a critical test above $84k needed to sustain a broader uptrend toward $92k and beyond.
• A hold above $88,880 is seen by some analysts as a prerequisite to confirming a market bottom for BTC.
• On-chain ETF outflows in May suggest selective profit-taking even as the price action hints at potential upside in the near term.
• Ether and several major altcoins show mixed momentum, with several key levels flashing as potential breakout or breakdown points.

Bitcoin price outlook

From a technical vantage, BTC’s near-term direction hinges on the defense of the 20-day exponential moving average (EMA) around $77,929. A sturdy rebound from this level would imply renewed buying interest on every dip and could set the stage for a breakout above the $84,000 ceiling. If that breakout occurs and holds, the chart suggests the potential for a move toward $92,000, followed by a possible rise to around $97,924 as the next milestone on the upside.

Conversely, bears are likely to defend the $84,000 area. A break below $74,937 could open the door to the 50-day simple moving average near $73,448 and then the broader support line, potentially inviting a deeper pullback. In that scenario, traders would expect a period of consolidation before the market decides its next major directional move.

Ether price outlook

Ether (ETH) crossed into a softer phase after closing below the 20-day EMA near $2,304, a sign that profit-taking among traders may have cooled the immediate upside. The next meaningful support sits near the 50-day SMA around $2,225, with a bullish signal emerging if ETH can rebound off that level and maintain momentum.

The first hurdle for bulls is a break above $2,465, which would mark the initial step toward a resistance zone that could limit gains in the near term. Clearing that barrier could open the path to higher targets, potentially toward $3,050 if demand strengthens and price action stays constructive. Until such a breakout materializes, ETH could remain confined within its current range as bulls and bears duel near the midline.

Other marquee movers and their levels

BNB, XRP, SOL, DOGE, HYPE, ADA, ZEC, and BCH all present a mosaic of setups as traders assess whether they can sustain a trend shift or remain oscillating within established ranges.

BNB: The Binance Coin chart shows a retreat toward moving averages, suggesting that buyers are waiting for a clearer setup. A rebound off these averages could push BNB toward the $687 target, with overhead resistance expected between $570 and $687. A decisive close above $687 would inject bullish momentum toward $730 and potentially $790, though sellers are likely to challenge the higher hurdle around $790.

XRP: XRP continues to hover near its moving averages, indicating an equilibrium between buyers and sellers. A break below $1.27 could push the pair back into a descending channel, while a sustained push above the downtrend line and roughly $1.61 could clear the way to $2.

Solana: SOL is facing selling pressure near $90.73, though bulls have not conceded much ground. A push above $90.73 could drive SOL toward $98, with a potential extension to $117 if momentum accumulates. If prices fail to sustain above the moving averages, the pair could stay in a tighter range; a break below $82.65 could open a path toward $76.

Dogecoin: DOGE pulled back from the $0.12 resistance as traders took profits. The immediate line in the sand is the 20-day EMA near $0.10. A bounce from this level could see DOGE test $0.12 again and then target $0.14–$0.16. A break below the EMA could keep the currency in the lower $0.09–$0.12 range for a spell.

Hyperliquid (HYPE): The HYPE chart shaved off gains after failing to sustain a rally in the $43.76–$45.77 zone, with the price retreating to the 20-day EMA around $41.69. A rebound could re-energize bulls toward $50, while a drop below the 50-day SMA at about $40.29 could pull the price toward $34.45.

Cardano (ADA): ADA remains range-bound in a broad $0.22–$0.31 corridor. The 20-day EMA around $0.25 has started to tilt higher, and the RSI sits modestly in positive territory, suggesting a slight edge for bulls. A move above the moving averages could push ADA toward $0.30 and, eventually, to the $0.31 resistance. A break below the averages would tilt the balance toward the $0.22 support.

Zcash (ZEC): ZEC breached above $560 but stalled at $607. A shallow pullback is a constructive sign, indicating bulls aren’t in a rush to exit. A move above $607 could target $750, while supports sit at $496 (38.2% retracement) and $462 (50%), with a close below $428 (61.8% retracement) risking a deeper pullback.

Bitcoin Cash (BCH): BCH reversed from $486, keeping the pair largely within a range. With the 20-day EMA near $450 and the immediate band roughly $419–$486, a close above $486 could spark a move to $520, whereas a close below $419 might open the door to a slide toward $375.

What could shift the next leg?

Market participants are watching how BTC behaves around the $84,000 threshold and whether altcoins can sustain breakouts beyond their critical levels. The balance of on-chain flows, ETF behavior, and macro risk appetite will likely shape the near-term trajectory. If BTC can convincingly clear $84,000 and hold above key moving averages, the broader market could see a renewed cycle of risk-on positioning. If not, the current range-bound conditions may persist into the next phase of the market cycle.

Readers should stay attentive to potential catalysts beyond chart patterns—the evolving regulatory landscape, institutional interest, and flows into or out of crypto-linked funds—each of which can tilt sentiment and liquidity in the days ahead. In the near term, the market’s next move may hinge on whether BTC sustains momentum above key resistance and whether altcoins can muster the breadth to follow suit beyond their own technical thresholds.

As the week unfolds, the question remains: will the market manage to extend the nascent upside, or will profit-taking reassert itself, keeping prices tethered as traders await clearer signals?

Massachusetts Senator Elizabeth Warren called on Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg to answer questions about the company’s stablecoin integration in 2026, signaling concerns about guardrails.

In a Wednesday letter to Zuckerberg, Warren said Meta’s lack of transparency regarding its stablecoin was “deeply troubling,” given the company’s previous plans to roll out Libra, a global stablecoin proposed in 2019 that was later rebranded to Diem.

The senator said Meta’s plans were necessary for Congress to understand, given the US government’s efforts to pass a digital asset market structure bill with implications for stablecoin issuers.

“It is critical that Meta be transparent with Congress and the public regarding its stablecoin-related plans,” said Warren. “Beyond the failure of its previous attempt to issue its own global private currency, the company has struggled to safely offer its existing products and services […] Any new products, especially related to payments and financial services, should be treated with skepticism.”

Source: US Senate Banking Committee

The senator asked the Meta CEO to provide details by May 20 on its “small and focused trial” for a stablecoin integration to the platform, including any planned launch date, third-party stablecoins that may be a part of the program and privacy guardrails it may have in place. Meta already rolled out stablecoin payouts in USDC (USDC) for select creators in the Philippines and Colombia in April.

Related: Mark Zuckerberg is building an AI agent to help run Meta

Warren sits on the Senate Banking Committee as ranking member, where she helps oversee financial agencies like the US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The body is currently considering legislation to establish a comprehensive framework for digital assets in the US called the CLARITY Act, which has been stalled in the chamber for months.

Stablecoin yield compromise to advance market structure bill?

Last week, lawmakers in the Senate announced a deal between crypto and banking industry representatives that could allow the CLARITY Act to advance to a markup in the banking committee, and potentially a floor vote in the full chamber.

Although the compromise on stablecoin yield represented progress in advancing the legislation, some crypto advocates urged caution as lawmakers continue to debate other issues in the bill, including ethics and potential conflicts of interest.

Magazine: XRP ‘probably going to $12,’ Bitcoin ETFs add $1B: Market Moves

Cointelegraph is committed to independent, transparent journalism. This news article is produced in accordance with Cointelegraph’s Editorial Policy and aims to provide accurate and timely information. Readers are encouraged to verify information independently.

The US banking regulator has already approved similar charter applications for Coinbase, Ripple Labs, BitGo, Circle, Fidelity Digital Assets and Paxos.

Payward, the parent company of cryptocurrency exchange Kraken, announced that it had filed an application with the US Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) for a national trust company charter, following other digital asset companies.

In a Friday notice, Payward said that the OCC application, if approved, would result in the establishment of Payward National Trust Company, allowing it to “provide fiduciary custody and other services primarily for digital assets.” The application would make the Kraken parent one of a handful of crypto companies moving closer toward banking, following OCC approvals for Coinbase and others.

“A national trust company provides the certainty institutions require and establishes the infrastructure to build the next generation of custody,” said Kraken co-CEO Arjun Sethi. “This is not about being first; it is about getting the framework right so markets can scale with clarity, interoperability, and long-term vision for what clients will demand as these systems mature.”

The OCC, headed by US President Donald Trump’s nominee Jonathan Gould, approved similar charter applications for Ripple Labs, BitGo, Circle, Fidelity Digital Assets and Paxos in December. The agency has come under scrutiny for such approvals as it considers an application from World Liberty Financial, the crypto company co-founded by Trump and his sons. 

Related: Kraken parent Payward closes Bitnomial deal to expand US crypto derivatives

According to Payward, the OCC application would build on its Special Purpose Depository Institution established in Wyoming through Kraken Financial. The company also holds a Federal Reserve master account, giving it access to the US payment services system.

Kraken still eyeing public offering after confidential filing

While the crypto exchange’s parent company has closed acquisition deals with Bitnominal and announced an agreement to buy Reap, Kraken could still be planning an initial public offering (IPO) in the US. Sethi said in May that the company was “about 80% ready” to go public by 2027 as the exchange announced a partnership with MoneyGram.

Magazine: XRP ‘probably going to $12,’ Bitcoin ETFs add $1B: Market Moves

Cointelegraph is committed to independent, transparent journalism. This news article is produced in accordance with Cointelegraph’s Editorial Policy and aims to provide accurate and timely information. Readers are encouraged to verify information independently.

Crypto wallet provider Exodus has launched XO Cash, a Solana-based stablecoin and software toolkit designed to let AI agents make payments and access services without directly controlling private keys.

According to Friday’s announcement, the system, developed with MoonPay, allows developers to create agent-linked wallets, assign spending limits and issue virtual debit cards tied to Visa payment rails.

XO Cash integrates with Exodus Pay and includes a software development kit that allows users to fund AI agent wallets using their Exodus Pay balances while maintaining custody of their private keys. Users can set transaction caps, merchant restrictions and daily spending limits for each agent wallet.

Exodus said AI agents using XO Cash can transact with Visa merchants through infrastructure provided by Monavate and MoonPay, with payments automatically converted into stablecoins such as USD Coin (USDC) and Tether (USDT) at checkout.

The company added that XO Cash transactions are fee-free and designed for high-frequency automated payments. The stablecoin and developer documentation went live through XOCash.com on Thursday.

Related: How AI became crypto’s favorite reason to cut staff

Crypto and payment companies prepare for AI-driven commerce

Infrastructure for autonomous AI agents to transact with stablecoins has become one of crypto’s biggest narratives in recent months.

In March, Anchorage Bank launched an “agentic banking” service designed to give AI agents access to traditional financial and crypto payment rails under preset spending and compliance controls.

Visa’s crypto division also introduced Visa CLI, a command-line tool designed to let AI agents make same-day payments without exposing API keys, while Stripe-backed Tempo launched a blockchain-based payments protocol for automated onchain transactions.

On Thursday, Amazon Web Services integrated Coinbase’s x402 payments protocol into Amazon Bedrock AgentCore, enabling AI agents to settle USDC payments on Base and Solana without directly handling private keys.

The shift toward AI-driven operations has coincided with layoffs and restructuring across parts of the crypto and payments sectors.

Coinbase announced it would cut about 14% of its workforce this week as it reorganizes around smaller AI-focused teams and increased automation, while payments company Block said in February it would reduce staff by roughly 40% as the company expanded its use of AI tools.

Source: Brian Armstrong

Magazine: AI-driven hacks could kill DeFi — unless projects act now

Cointelegraph is committed to independent, transparent journalism. This news article is produced in accordance with Cointelegraph’s Editorial Policy and aims to provide accurate and timely information. Readers are encouraged to verify information independently.

NATO allies are openly questioning whether the US should still lead the alliance following Trump’s decision to launch strikes on Iran without consulting them.

NATO allies are questioning US leadership after Trump launched strikes on Iran without consulting the alliance, with fresh disputes over the Middle East conflict pushing European leaders to consider a future in which the US no longer runs the alliance.

Former US ambassador to NATO Ivo Daalder told NPR that “something fundamental has broken,” arguing that Trump does not believe America’s security depends on European security, a break from decades of foreign policy logic dating back to NATO’s founding.

The tensions have been simmering since Trump began threatening to seize control of NATO-linked Greenland and annex Canada, but the Iran war has sharpened the dispute into a concrete institutional question.

Trump launched strikes on Iran in late February without notifying alliance members, and subsequently demanded NATO support in reopening the Strait of Hormuz. Allies including Spain, France, and the UK all refused in various forms, drawing a sharp rebuke from Washington.

What European leaders are doing

German Chancellor Friedrich Merz said publicly that the US appeared to lack a clear exit strategy in Iran and that Tehran had “humiliated” Washington in peace talks.

Trump responded with a list of NATO allies he wanted to punish for their lack of cooperation, including floated proposals to suspend Spain and return the Falkland Islands to Argentina.

As crypto.news tracked, each round of Iran war escalation has weighed on global markets, with the Hormuz dispute pushing oil toward $100 and compressing Federal Reserve flexibility on rate cuts.

NATO Secretary-General Mark Rutte acknowledged Trump’s frustrations but pushed back on the broader criticism, noting that a “large majority of European nations” had provided logistical support, basing rights, and overflights that enabled US operations. “What the US did with Iran, they could do because so many European countries lived up to those commitments,” Rutte said.

What comes next for the alliance

Analysts who spoke to NPR said they do not expect Trump to actually withdraw from NATO, partly because a 2023 law bars a unilateral exit. Former NATO Supreme Allied Commander James Townsend said the alliance will survive but predicted: “It’s going to be a European NATO, if you will. It won’t be NATO guided by the United States.”

Germany, France, the UK, and Poland are seen as the most likely bloc to assume collective leadership. NATO officials are also considering scaling back major alliance meetings for the remainder of Trump’s second term to avoid creating new crises.