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Kids Online Safety Act Will Hurt, Not Help, Young People

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By: Steve Macek

In January 2024, top executives at X (formerly Twitter), Meta (parent company of Facebook and Instagram), Snap, Discord, and TikTok appeared at a Senate hearing to answer questions about protecting children and teens online. In attendance were parents whose children had been harmed by or died as a result of their social media consumption. A climactic moment in the hearing came when Meta CEO Mark Zuckerberg apologized to the parents in the audience.

There is reason to suspect that social media use may be connected in some way to increasing depression and anxiety in young people and adults alike. Indeed, in May 2023, the US Surgeon General issued a health advisory warning that teens who use social media for more than three hours a day put their mental health at risk. But the nature of the connection between social media use and mental illness is murky at best and there is plenty of research that suggests no connection whatsoever.

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Moreover, concerned parents and members of Congress have seized on concerns about social media to push an ill-considered piece of internet censorship legislation called the Kids Online Safety Act (KOSA) that will not make children any safer online, but will violate the free speech rights of both young people and adults, and will likely be weaponized against LGBTQ+ youth. As Project Censored has previously reported, legislators have “capitalized on the moral panic surrounding the impact of social media to propose problematic legislation” such as KOSA, resulting in a wave of legislation aimed at protecting children online.

The Kids Online Safety Act
Sponsored by Senators Richard Blumenthal (D-CT) and Marsha Blackburn (R-TN), KOSA was first introduced in 2022 following Facebook whistleblower Frances Haugen’s explosive revelations about the damaging impact of Instagram use on mental health in teens and children. The bill would impose a “duty of care” on websites and apps—principally, social media apps—to “prevent and mitigate” harms to children, such as anxiety, depression, suicidal ideation, drug abuse, and eating disorders, associated with their services.

It would require platforms to take steps to avoid recommending content that might promote mental health disorders to minors and ban advertising of age-restricted services (such as online gambling) and products (alcohol, tobacco) targeted at them. Under the legislation, platforms would have to give minors safeguards they can use to limit communication with others, restrict access to their private information, and protect their geolocation data. KOSA would also mandate that social media platforms provide parents with tools to protect their children’s safety online and require that they be notified if their children are exposed to potentially harmful materials.

In the version of the bill being considered last year, the legislation charged individual state attorneys general with enforcing its “duty of care” provisions, potentially allowing right-wing attorneys general in states like Florida and Texas, who are busy banning books with LGBTQ+ characters and prosecuting abortion providers, to decide what is “harmful to minors.” In response to criticisms from civil libertarians, the bill was revised so that, in its current iteration, the Federal Trade Commission has responsibility for enforcing the “duty of care” provision of the act while individual state attorneys general will be expected to enforce its safeguards for minors, transparency, and reporting requirements.

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The legislation enjoys broad, bipartisan support. More than 60 senators, including Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (D-NY), have endorsed the bill. A coalition of nonprofits, children’s advocates, and civic organizations, including the American Psychological Association, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the National Education Association, and the Eating Disorders Coalition, have urged its passage. And President Joe Biden has said he supports the law.

Moreover, polls indicate that huge majorities of American voters approve of government action to mitigate the harms caused by social media and favor most of the key components of the Kids Online Safety Act.

KOSA is a Censorship Bill That Will Undermine Young People’s Privacy
Although certain provisions of the Kids Online Safety Act—such as its prohibition on features of social media platforms designed to encourage compulsive user behavior—might be defensible, at its core the bill represents a massive expansion of government censorship that will cut young people off from legal and, in some cases, potentially life-saving content.

The 2023 version of KOSA rightly alarmed many LGBTQ+ rights advocates, who worried that it would be weaponized against gay, lesbian, queer, and trans youth. They were especially concerned that conservative state attorneys general might exploit the authority given them by the legislation to pressure websites into removing information about gender-affirming care or block young people’s access to LGBTQ+ online communities. Indeed, one of the bill’s main co-sponsors Marsha Blackburn said in a speech that one of the bill’s top priorities is to shield children from “the transgender in this culture.” The conservative Heritage Foundation also celebrated KOSA as a means to guard children “against the harms of sexual and transgender content.”

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Though in its current version KOSA will be enforced by the FTC and not state attorneys general, the bill’s “duty of care” will still, likely, lead platforms and websites to prohibit any discussion of subjects that might get them into trouble. Educational content about sex, abortion, contraception, LGBTQ+ identity, depression, eating disorders, suicide, and other sensitive topics will simply disappear from the web or be placed behind age-verification walls. As Evan Greer of Fight for Freedom explains, “The way that this bill would work, it would just suppress all discussion of eating disorders among young people, because at scale, a platform like YouTube or Instagram is not going to be able to make a meaningful determination between, for example, a video that’s harmful in promoting eating disorders, or a video where a young person is just speaking about their experience with an eating disorder.” Being cut off from supportive online communities and information about their gender identities, sexuality, and health will hurt, rather than help, young people, and will be particularly devastating for young people from minoritized and marginalized groups.

Though one concern fueling support for KOSA is that social media companies rampantly violate the privacy of children and teens who use their platforms, the bill will actually encourage platforms and websites to further compromise users’ privacy by pushing them to adopt some sort of “age verification” scheme. While it is true that KOSA does not explicitly require age verification, websites and apps will have no choice but to require users to submit a government-issued identification or undergo biometric screening as a condition for accessing their services. How else will they be able to distinguish adult users from minors and avoid liability? Naturally, age verification will scare many adult users off the platforms that implement it. Moreover, an age verification scheme would eliminate whatever anonymity that users have online, undermining their First Amendment right to anonymous speech.

Lastly, it is worth noting that well-informed critics with expertise on the subject point out that KOSA is one of several bills that threaten the use of end-to-end encryption, which provides privacy protections that benefit all kinds of users, but especially members of marginalized communities.

Alternatives to KOSA
Despite the fact that KOSA appears poised for victory in the Senate, all is not lost. The proposed legislation is opposed by several civil liberties advocates and tech freedom groups, including the Electronic Frontier Foundation, the American Civil Liberties Union, the Woodhull Freedom Foundation, and Fight for the Future.

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These groups and other critics of the bill have suggested a number of ways the government could protect the health and safety of young people online without resorting to the sort of censorship and surveillance incentivized by KOSA.

To begin with, the government could implement increased data privacy protections for all internet users. As EFF, among others, has argued, Congress could explicitly prohibit the widespread practice of “surveillance advertising,” which exploits data about users’ online behavior to target them with specially-tailored ads. Indeed, the Biden administration need not wait for Congress to act as the FTC has already created rules to protect children from “surveillance ads” and has the power to eliminate this form of ad tech altogether if it so desires.

In addition, the US could adopt some version of Europe’s General Data Protection Regulation (GDRU), requiring transparency about the data that websites gather about users and giving them a legal right to request any non-newsworthy personal information held by sites or apps be erased. Already five states—California, Colorado, Connecticut, Utah, and Virginia—have adopted GDRU-inspired data privacy laws. A federal law creating a right to control one’s personal data and a “right to erasure” of that data ought to be considered.

Greater transparency about, and systematic auditing of, the algorithms and AI that determine the online experience for both adults and minors would also help address some of the concerns Congress has about online media’s influence over children.

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Finally, rather than hoping without evidence that censoring Instagram or TikTok will somehow ameliorate the country’s epidemic levels of depression and anxiety, we ought to instead fully fund public mental health services for all Americans. Even mainstream politicians acknowledge that more funding and resources are needed to address the country’s current mental health crisis. The poorest areas of the country tend to have the highest levels of depression. So, funneling more money for treatment into these high-needs areas should be a top priority.

Despite its bipartisan support, KOSA does a disservice to the young people it ostensibly aims to protect, by violating their First Amendment right to anonymous speech, potentially cutting off their access to perfectly legal content, and undermining important privacy protections that benefit all internet users. The government should impose more regulations on the way big tech companies and social media platforms harvest and use data from children and adults alike. But the sort of censorship proposed by the Kids Online Safety Act is not the answer.

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Muckraking Journalism; Updates on Julian Assange Case

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The Project Censored Show

The Official Project Censored Show

Muckraking Journalism and The Progressive Magazine; Updates on Julian Assange



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In the first segment, Mickey talks with Norman Stockwell, publisher of The Progressive magazine, founded in 1909. Stockwell discusses the vaunted history of the publication coming out of a golden era of muckraking journalism. We highlight some of that important history as well as address the current state of our so-called free press, coverage of Gaza, as well as stark signs that this election year may bring even more authoritarianism and militarism at home and abroad. We wrap by discussing the upcoming centennial celebration of the founder of The Progressive, “fighting” Bob La Follette, and his progressive presidential bid in 1924. Later in the program we’re joined once again by journalist Kevin Gosztola, author of Guilty of Journalism, for updates on the Julian Assange extradition case as Day X on his final hearings in the UK are upon us. Gosztola reminds us of the travesty of justice in the case against him and what it portends for press freedoms worldwide.

 

Notes:

Norman Stockwell is publisher of The Progressive magazine, a former manager at community radio station WORT-Madison, and a widely-published author. Kevin Gosztola is an independent journalist. He has covered the Julian Assange legal proceedings in the UK from their beginning, as well as other press-freedom and whistleblower cases, and has been a frequent guest on the Project Censored Show. His book on the Assange case, “Guilty of Journalism,” was published in 2023. Gosztola is also the editor of the Dissenter newsletter.

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Video of the Interview with Norman Stockwell

Video of the Interview with Kevin Gosztola

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What is the $100bn Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank funding?

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This article is an on-site version of our Moral Money newsletter. Premium subscribers can sign up here to get the newsletter delivered three times a week. Standard subscribers can upgrade to Premium here, or explore all FT newsletters.

Visit our Moral Money hub for all the latest ESG news, opinion and analysis from around the FT

Welcome back.

Beijing’s answer to the World Bank is backing a wave of renminbi bond borrowing by developing countries, Joseph Cotterill and I reported this morning. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank is looking to capitalise on falling interest rates by supporting more issuance of so-called “panda bonds”, a move that comes after Beijing announced new rules for renminbi debt issuance by foreign entities in 2022.

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For today’s newsletter, I took a broader look at how the AIIB has emerged as a key player in overseas development and the largest financing partner of the US-dominated World Bank. Here’s what that means for sustainability.

INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Beijing-backed development bank on growth spurt

The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank has grown rapidly since its launch in 2016. It is capitalised at $100bn, with China committing about 30 per cent of the funds and holding 27 per cent of voting power. At 110 members, AIIB is the world’s second-biggest multilateral development bank. While other G7 countries such as Germany and France are members, the US is not.

But the AIIB is invested alongside the Washington-based World Bank in projects ranging from power plants to railways across central Asia — keeping the US-China balance of power in the region in alignment.

AIIB president Jin Liqun said the bank planned to continue expanding its presence across Latin America and Africa. “We define infrastructure in a very liberal manner,” he told me in an interview, including digital skills and healthcare. For now, though, its primary focus remained in Asia.

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AIIB’s existing projects

Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan are major exporters of natural gas, and their steppes make large areas well-suited to wind energy. Yet, while they are rich in natural resources, Soviet-era grid infrastructure has strained power systems in central Asia, causing blackouts and potentially deterring foreign investment, as researcher Anna Jordanová has detailed.

In 2019, AIIB approved a $47mn loan for a 100 megawatt wind farm in Kazakhstan, the country where Chinese President Xi Jinping launched the Belt and Road infrastructure investment spree in 2013. The country is a major exporter of coal, oil, and gas, with total energy production that is more than double its domestic demand, as of 2018. Yet, Kazakhstan has endured frequent power outages, which have sparked unrest.

In 2020, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), whose largest capital contributor is the US, announced that it would also provide a $25mn loan for the project, which is based in a country often seen as the focus of the “new Great Game” between Russia and the US, writes Maximilian Hess, a political risk analyst.

China and the US are not the only investors vying to invest in energy infrastructure in countries with geopolitical significance. Gulf countries have also become major investors and developers in the region. AIIB has signed multiple loan agreements in Uzbekistan with Masdar, Abu Dhabi’s renewable energy investment vehicle. Masdar is also building the region’s largest wind farm.

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AIIB has supported a string of gas power plants in Uzbekistan, including $100mn in funding to a plant developed by ACWA Power, the Saudi national champion, and a €225mn loan last year. The investments, however, have drawn criticism from civil society groups, such as Germany-based Urgewald, which argued that the AIIB’s lending to fossil fuels “undermines the credibility of its climate and social policies”.

Asked about its investments in gas, Jin said: “We do not rule out gas, but we focus on renewables.

“If we finance a gas project, we should [see] a clear correlation between the gas project and phasing out coal-fired power,” he said. Growing energy demand in many emerging markets should be viewed as a positive development, Jin added, since it was partly the result of poverty reduction efforts.

Pain points

The AIIB and the World Bank’s extensive co-financing arrangements don’t necessarily indicate that it is a tension-free relationship — nor that every project advertised as sustainable is up to that billing, as the fossil fuel financing shows.

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As the bank’s profile has grown, so too have concerns about its investments — especially following feedback from local communities.

A report last year by Amsterdam-based campaign group Recourse raised issues with AIIB’s accountability mechanism, noting that “in seven years, with 233 projects funded and over $44bn spent, the AIIB has yet to accept a single complaint from people adversely affected by its investments”.

The report highlighted one rejected complaint from critics of a gas power plant in Bangladesh, which received $60mn from AIIB. The complainants alleged that “middlemen” acquired the land for the plant “with intimidation and coercion, and at lower than market rates”.

The AIIB is also attempting to distinguish itself from the Belt and Road Initiative, which peaked in 2016 and saddled many countries with debt in return.

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“The Belt Road Initiative was proposed by China, more or less at the same time as AIIB,” Jin said. “[But] these two different initiatives work by different governance and practice. Multilateral development banks like ours . . . we work like our peer institutions, such as the World Bank, and EBRD.

“Quite a lot of countries are grappling with debt problems. The big issue is, how could we help these countries attract external capital inflows without creating debt problems? Our answer is, we need to push for productive investment,” Jin said.

These issues will have to be tackled in the years ahead, but the collaboration by US- and China-led official sector financial institutions in some of the world’s most geopolitically contested regions may indicate that funding for international development will continue in spite of the increasingly antagonistic relationship between the world’s biggest economies.

Smart read

All the attention is on China’s cleantech manufacturing capacity. But Beijing is also exporting a “tsunami” of investment in renewable energy and transport electrification projects, Edward White and William Sandlund report.

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PFS and CII relationship ‘blown wide open’ after latest saga

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PFS and CII relationship 'blown wide open' after latest saga

The already fractious relationship between the Personal Finance Society (PFS) and the Chartered Insurance Institute (CII) has been ‘blown apart’ again.

The CII announced yesterday (1 October) that its chief executive Matthew Hill and three other executives – Trevor Edwards, Mathew Mallett and Gill White – have been appointed to the PFS board.

The move has further increased tensions between members of the PFS and its parent body, the CII.

The debacle started with the ‘Christmas coup’ in December 2022, when the CII imposed its own directors on the PFS board in a highly controversial move.

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At the time, the CII said it took action due to “serious and significant” governance failures at the PFS.

The PFS immediately hit back, slamming the CFII’s decision, with former PFS president Sarah Lord condemning the CII’s “aggressive” behaviour.

She also described the move as “disingenuous” and said it had been done without prior consent or warning.

Caroline Stuart resigned from her roles as PFS president and member director of the PFS board on 5 January 2023, saying the pressure was affecting her health.

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There were also a series of resignations and appointments in the 12 months that followed.

Last year, the PFS and CII appeared to have resolved the dispute and both parties said they were working together.

However, this week the CII took action to flood the PFS board with its members once again.

In a statement, campaign group Our PFS, set up to ‘save’ the body following the Christmas coup of 2022, blasted the CII’s actions.

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“It has been around a year since the last actions of ourpfs.co.uk, with a general feeling that issues between CII and PFS were in the process of being resolved,” it said.

“Unfortunately, this has been blown wide open again thanks to incredibly questionable actions taken by the Chartered Insurance Institute on 1 October 2024.

“OurPFS is urgently investigating and will be writing out with more details as soon as they are known.

“October 2024 may well turn out to be the month that defines the future of our professional body.”

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Money Marketing has contacted representatives of the PFS for a comment.

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Why Does It Take an Iranian Missile Attack on Israel for the Media to Report the Truth?

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Why Does It Take an Iranian Missile Attack on Israel for the Media to Report the Truth?

On Tuesday evening, the Islamic Republic of Iran launched a large-scale ballistic missile attack on Israel, firing nearly 200 rockets across the country. Air raid sirens sounded throughout Israel, sending civilians scrambling for safety as the barrage unfolded.

Iran framed the attack as retaliation for Israel’s recent operations that eliminated senior Hezbollah members, including the group’s leader Hassan Nasrallah, during a strike in Beirut on September 27. While the media’s coverage of Nasrallah’s death—especially the disturbingly sympathetic language used to describe a terrorist leader—was flawed, the reporting on Iran’s direct assault on Israel struck a notably different tone.

The majority of media outlets adhered to the facts in their reporting of the incident, recognizing the unprecedented attack for what it was: a significant escalation initiated by Iran. Nevertheless, there were still notable and disappointing exceptions, which we will address later.

For example, both the Associated Press and Reuters published reports with headlines that accurately reflected the situation: Iran had attacked Israel in a move that risked igniting a wider regional conflict. Reuters included a photo gallery documenting the attack’s impact on Israeli civilians, featuring images of people seeking shelter by the roadside and the aftermath of a rocket strike on a school building in Gedera.

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Meanwhile, The New York Times dedicated some of its coverage to the only confirmed casualty—a laborer from Gaza—highlighting his death and quoting his father’s remark that the attack “didn’t serve Palestinian interests.”

nyt iran attack

Hours after the attack, The Telegraph published an editorial that unequivocally identified Iran as the “aggressor” in the Middle East—a fact that should be obvious, yet is frequently overlooked in much of the global media’s coverage of the region.

The Telegraph Iran attack

Sky News and CNN both dedicated pieces to the dramatic moments their live broadcasts were cut short and their journalists ran for cover as missiles rained down, offering a glimpse into the harsh reality faced by Israeli civilians during such attacks.

Matt Gutman reported for ABC News from inside a shelter in Tel Aviv and described how civilians had been forced to rush for cover after receiving alerts of an impending attack.

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However, as previously mentioned, there were several disappointing exceptions in the coverage. One such example is the two separate BBC interviews featuring so-called “expert” guests. In one, British academic Andreas Krieg was given an uninterrupted platform to warn that the international community “must ensure Israel does not disrupt the regional order as we know it,” as it defends itself from attack.

Even more troubling was the BBC’s decision to interview Iranian academic Sayed Mohammad Marandi about the attack, just hours after the broadcaster acknowledged it had failed to adequately challenge Marandi during a prior interview with Mishal Husain on BBC Radio 4 in which he repeatedly accused Israel of committing genocide.

A final point remains to be made.

While the international media’s coverage in this instance was encouraging, it should not be the exception—it must become the standard.

Liked this article? Follow HonestReporting on Twitter, Facebook, Instagram and TikTok to see even more posts and videos debunking news bias and smears, as well as other content explaining what’s really going on in Israel and the region.

Credits:- Noam Revkin Fenton via Flash90 – Wisam Hashlamoun via Flash90 – Zain Jaafar/AFP via Getty Images – Kyodo via Reuters Connect

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Iran’s hardliners prevail as regime gambles on Israel attack

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Shortly after Israel’s assassination of Hizbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah last Friday, Iran’s top political and military leaders gathered to discuss how Tehran should respond.

For weeks after the surprise election of reformist President Masoud Pezeshkian in July, Iranian politicians had been publicly pushing a message of restraint even as Israel increased its attacks on Hizbollah, the Islamic republic’s most important proxy.

But after Nasrallah’s killing it was Iran’s military leaders, bent on revenge and fearful the republic was looking increasingly weak, who won the day at the Supreme National Security Council meeting on Monday, said an Iranian official. With little warning, Iran on Tuesday fired about 180 ballistic missiles at Israel, pushing the arch foes closer than ever to the full-blown direct conflict Tehran has been insisting it wants to avoid.

“Nasrallah’s assassination was the last straw and Iran has come to the conclusion the Israelis are not going to stop; they are taking harsher measures and now they are going to attack and invade part of Lebanon,” an Iranian official told the Financial Times. “The military commanders persuaded [the council] that if Iran does not [retaliate], it will lose its supporters and it will badly damage its reputation.”

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In doing so, the supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, whose prime aim is ensuring the survival of the republic, has taken a huge risk. He has so far backed Pezeshkian’s overtures to the west in the belief that it is in Iran’s interests to resolve its years-long nuclear stand-off with the US and European powers in a bid to ease sanctions on the crippled economy, say Iranian analysts.

After a suspected Israeli attack killed Hamas’s political leader Ismail Haniyeh hours after Pezeshkian’s inauguration in Tehran in July, the regime held back from retaliating despite the humiliating security breach.

Iranian officials said the new president urged restraint, with Iranian politicians wary of falling into what they described as Israel’s “trap”. The belief is that Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu wants to drag the republic into a direct conflict with Israel and the US, and scupper the slim chances of any détente with the west.

But in the weeks since, Israel drastically stepped up its assault on Hizbollah, killing Nasrallah — a close confidant of Khamenei — and other senior commanders, launching waves of intense air strikes on Lebanon and on Tuesday sending troops into the Arab state’s south.

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“Hizbollah was the front line of Iran’s defence and if Iran doesn’t protect that line nobody . . . will trust Iran,” the Iranian official said. “[Pezeshkian] is under a lot of pressure, because what the Americans promised him turned out to be wrong, therefore they cannot trust anyone now.”

Major General Mohammad Bagheri, chief of staff of Iran’s Armed Forces, said on Wednesday that Tehran endured “a very difficult period of restraint” that lasted nearly two months. But the Islamic republic concluded that the US had given a “green light” to Netanyahu to escalate, with Iran’s top general saying the situation was “no longer bearable”.

Protesters in Tehran's Palestine Square hold up pictures of Hizbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah, who was killed in an Israeli air strike. The crowd includes women in black hijabs, some carrying flags and flowers.
A woman holds up a picture of Hizbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah during a protest in Tehran on Monday © Atta Kenare/AFP/Getty Images

Pezeshkian too spoke of the frustrations after Nasrallah’s assassination.

“The claims made by the leaders of the US and European countries, who promised a ceasefire [to end the war in Gaza] in exchange for Iran not responding to the assassination of Haniyeh, were entirely false,” Pezeshkian told a cabinet meeting on Sunday. “Giving such criminals more time will only embolden them to commit further atrocities.”

The Islamic republic is braced for a response, halting all flights in and out of Iran on Tuesday and Wednesday.

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In April, when Iran launched its first direct strike against Israel from Iranian soil, Tehran clearly telegraphed the strike. It sent drones that gave Israel, the US and its allies hours to prepare their defences. This time, the barrage was just ballistic missiles — Iranian media also said “hypersonic” missiles — which travel far faster, giving Israel and its partners a much shorter response time.

Iran claimed that 90 per cent of the missiles had hit their targets, most of which were military facilities in or around Tel Aviv. Video footage suggested one missile may have exploded at or near the headquarters of the Mossad, Israel’s foreign intelligence service.

But an Israeli security official said most of the missiles that Iran fired were intercepted by the air defences of Israel, the US and its allies.

Netanyahu has vowed to retaliate, saying “Iran made a big mistake tonight — and it will pay for it”.

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Masoud Pezeshkian stands behind a podium adorned with flowers, reviewing an annual military parade.
President Masoud Pezeshkian was frustrated with western leaders who, he said, made ‘false’ promises about a ceasefire in Gaza in exchange for Iran’s restraint following the assassination in Tehran of Hizbollah’s political leader Ismail Haniyeh © Vahid Salemi/AP

Tehran still hopes the situation can be contained. In April, Israel responded to Iran’s first assault by firing missiles at an air base near Iranian city of Isfahan, which is also close to one of the republic’s main nuclear facilities, but neither side escalated further.

Abbas Araghchi, Iran’s foreign minister, said in a social media post on Wednesday that Tehran’s “action is concluded unless the Israeli regime decides to invite further retaliation”. “In that scenario, our response will be stronger and more powerful,” he said.

For a regime that has long touted its domestically produced missile and drone capabilities, as well as the might of its proxies such as Hizbollah, as powerful deterrents against Israel, the recent weeks of Israeli assaults have been humiliating.

Israel has displayed its military superiority and showed that its intelligence agencies have penetrated deep into Hizbollah and the Islamic republic, with the assassination of Haniyeh in Tehran and the attack on the Lebanese movement’s communications devices last month.

A man walks with a dog past the rubble of a destroyed building. Debris and damaged structures are visible under a partly cloudy sky.
A destroyed building in Hod HaSharon, Israel, following an Iranian missile attack on Wednesday © Jack Guez/AFP/Getty Images

Since Hamas’s October 7 attack ignited the regional hostilities, Israel has also killed at least 19 Revolutionary Guards officers, mostly in strikes on Syria. One senior commander, Abbas Nilforoushan, was killed alongside Nasrallah in Israel’s strikes on the southern suburbs of Beirut on Friday.

The escalation has been a boon for Iran’s hardliners, who were humiliated by Pezeshkian’s election victory. They have seized the moment to criticise the reformist president, his senior diplomats and advisers for acquiescing to US pressure and urging restraint.

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Although all key foreign policy decisions are ultimately determined by Khamenei and the Revolutionary Guards, analysts believe presidents and diplomats can influence the leader’s decisions.

“This misguided optimism must end, and the reformists are to blame for trusting the US once again,” said Hamid-Reza Taraghi, a prominent hardline politician. “It’s meaningless to talk about peace. Peace with who? A rabid dog?”

He criticised reformist leaders for “downgrading the promise of ‘hard revenge’ against Israel [following Haniyeh’s assassination] to merely hoping Israel would accept a ceasefire”.

Pezeshkian’s push to drive a reformist agenda, particularly his attempt to engage with the west, which many US and European diplomats were always sceptical of, has suffered a severe blow.

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“Pezeshkian is under a lot of pressure himself, and therefore he can’t argue any more and persuade the military leaders not to take any action,” the Iranian official said.

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Martin Lewis issues ‘ditch and switch’ warning for customers of huge high street bank

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Martin Lewis issues ‘ditch and switch’ warning for customers of huge high street bank

MARTIN Lewis has issued a warning for customers of a major high street bank.

Santander has cut the rate on its easy-access savings account by 1.1%.

The Martin Lewis MoneySavingBlog is urging customers to 'ditch and switch'.

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The Martin Lewis MoneySavingBlog is urging customers to ‘ditch and switch’.Credit: ITV

The account paid 5.2% interest when it first launched, but was cut to 4.20% in May and has now been reduced to 4%.

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This means customers will get 4% interest on balances between £1 and £250,000.

It applies to customers who have a Santander’s Easy Access Saver Limited Edition (Issue 3).

The deal is no longer open to new customers.

When the deal fist launched last September, it was one of the most competitive on the market.

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However, experts from the Martin Lewis MoneySavingExpert blog are urging customers to think twice.

They said: “You can easily beat this new rate by switching elsewhere – which you’re allowed to do without penalty.

The blog stated that even though this account has a 12-month term the rate is variable.

This means that savers are not locked into this account and do not have to stick with it.

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They explained: “This account works in a slightly unusual way – it initially had a 12-month term, but the rate wasn’t fixed for this period

PAY DAY Watch Martin Lewis reveal three ways to get cashback on Christmas spending, ITV

“Instead, what happens at the end of the term – which has since been extended by 10 months – is that the account ‘matures’ and your money is transferred to one of Santander’s other easy-access accounts with a much lower interest rate.”

“You can ditch and switch,” they added.

The MoneySavingBlog named two saving accounts for customers which offer higher interest.

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These include:

Trading 212’s Cash ISA

This is a type of savings account which offers tax free interest on savings up to £20,000.

There is not mimiumn you have to pay in to receive the interest.

You must be at least 18-years old to open this type of savings account.

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Trading 212’s deal offers savers 5.1% AER Variable on customers savings.

An AER Variable rate means that your rate is not guaranteed and that it can change over time.

On this deal, savers can withdraw their cash at anytime without any impact on their savings rate.

The interest is also paid daily.

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If you want to read more about ISA’s check out our article here.

Oxbury saving account offer

This bank is offering an AER interest rate of 4.76%.

However, the interest will only on balances above £25,000 and up to £500,000.

It is also worth noting that if your balance falls below £25,000 after opening the account, you will not receive interest on the balance.

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You will only receive interest on balances above £500,000, where those balances have resulted from interest being accrued to the account.

Unlike Trading 212’s Cash ISA, where interest is paid daily, here it is only paid one a month.

What other options are available for savers?

There are several types of savings accounts available to customers, so you need to make sure you select one that suits your circumstances.

Easy-access accounts and regular savings accounts, which allow greater flexibility when it comes to withdrawing your cash, but they tend to offer slightly lower interest rates.

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If you’re happy to leave your cash in your account for longer then you can consider a fixed-bond or notice savings account.

Before opening a new savings account it’s always worth having a browse on price comparison websites.

Moneyfactscompare, Compare the Market, Go Compare and MoneySupermarket will help save you time and show you the best rates available.

These sites let you tailor your searches to an account type that suits you.

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Where to find the best savings rates

Many savings accounts offer miserly rates meaning that money is generating little or no return.

However, there are ways to get your cash working hard. Sun Savers Editor Lana Clements explains how to make sure you money is getting the best interest rate.

Easy access savings accounts offer flexibility for customers, meaning they can dip in and out of cash when needed. However, the caveat is that rates can change at any time.

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If you’re keeping your money in an easy access account, you’ll need to keep checking whether it’s the best paying account for your circumstances and move if not.

Check in at least once a month to see what is happening in the market.

Check what is offered by your bank – sometimes the best rates are for customers only.

But do search the wider market as often top savings accounts are offered by lesser known providers.

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Comparison sites are a good place to check for the top rates. Try Moneyfactscompare.co.uk or Moneysupermarket.

You can search by different account type. You’ll usually get a better interest rate if you can lock your money away for a fixed amount of time, but it’s always a good idea to keep some money in an easy access account in case of emergencies.

Don’t overlook regular savings accounts often pay some of the best rates, but you’ll need to commit to monthly payments. This can be a great way to get into a savings habit while earning top rates at the same time.

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