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Breakthrough Alzheimer’s drug successfully blocks both major disease ‘hotspots’ at once for the first time

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Breakthrough Alzheimer's drug successfully blocks both major disease 'hotspots' at once for the first time

RESEARCHERS have developed a drug that successfully blocks two major Alzheimer’s disease “hotspots” at once, in a “promising” breakthrough against the brain robbing disease.

The drug – called RI-AG03 – targets spots in the brain that promote the abnormal buildup of tau, a protein that forms “tangles” around cells and is a key driver in the decline of brain function.

The drug - called RI-AG03 - targets spots in the brain that promote the abnormal buildup of tau

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The drug – called RI-AG03 – targets spots in the brain that promote the abnormal buildup of tau
It was tested in lab dish studies and on fruit flies

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It was tested in lab dish studies and on fruit flies

There are two specific “hotspots” where tau protein clumping tends to happen.

Current treatments tend to single out one spot or the other, but RI-AG03 can target and block tau aggregation in both, Lancaster University scientists said.

The research team – which also included scientists from the University of Southampton, Nottingham Trent University, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science and the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre – tested out the drug in lab dish studies and on fruit flies.

It said RI-AG03 was effective at preventing the build-up of tau proteins in both.

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Lead author Dr Anthony Aggidis said: “Our research represents an important step toward creating treatments that can prevent the progression of diseases like Alzheimer’s disease.

“By targeting both of the key areas on the tau protein, this unique approach could help address the growing impact of dementia on society, providing a much-needed new option for treating these devastating diseases.”

Tau proteins play a crucial role in maintaining the structure and function of brain cells, called neurons.

But in Alzheimer’s disease, these proteins malfunction, clumping together to form long, twisting fibres that clump together to form tangles.

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These tau clumps clog the neurons, preventing them from getting the nutrients and signals they need to survive.

As more neurons die, memory, thinking, and behaviour become increasingly impaired, leading to the cognitive decline seen in Alzheimer’s.

Lacanemab is a drug shown to slow the progression of Alzheimer’s disease

Amritpal Mudher, professor of neuroscience at the University of Southampton, said: “There are two regions of the Tau protein that act like a zipper to enable it to aggregate.

“For the first time, we have a drug which is effective in inhibiting both these regions.

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“This dual-targeting mechanism is significant because it addresses both domains that stimulate tau aggregation, potentially paving the way for more effective treatments for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer’s.”

To test the drug’s effectiveness in cells within a living organism, researchers at the University of Southampton gave the drug to fruit flies with tau clumps characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease.

They found the drug suppressed neurodegeneration and extended the lives of the flies by around two weeks.

This might not seem like much in human terms, but it’s significant considering that the average fruit fly tends to live for about 30 days.

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Scientists then looked into the brains of the fruit flies to understand how the drug was working.

Prof Mudher said: “When we didn’t feed the flies with the peptide inhibitor [RI-AG03], they had lots of the pathogenic fibrils, which group together to make up a tangle.

“But when we fed them with the drug, the pathogenic fibrils decreased significantly in quantity.

“The higher the dosage given, the greater the improvement we saw in the fruit fly’s lifespan.”

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To make sure the drug wasn’t only effective in fruit flies, researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Centre tested it in a biosensor cell – a type of living human cell line that’s engineered to detect tau tangle formation.

Here too, they found the drug successfully penetrated the cells and reduced the clumping of tau proteins.

Other major Alzheimer’s breakthroughs

While experts have warned that dementia diagnoses in England have reached record numbers, there have been a number of recent advances against brain robbing diseases.

From “game-changing” drugs gaining approval to blood tests that can spot the condition years before symptoms, here are other major Alzheimer’s breakthroughs.

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  • A “game-changing” Alzheimer’s drug called donanemab, that slows mental decline by up to 60 per cent has been approved in the United States. A UK decision on whether the drug will become available to patients in the UK with early symptoms is expected imminently.
  • A blood test that detects Alzheimer’s up to 15 years before symptoms emerge is set to be made free on the NHS within a year. The new test is cheaper, easier and at least as accurate as the current diagnosis options and works by measuring levels of a protein in the blood called p-tau217.
  • Researchers have developed a first-of-its-kind test that could predict dementia up to nine years before a diagnosis, with 80 per cent accuracy. It involves analysing network of connections in the brain when it’s in “idle mode” to look for very early signs of the condition.
  • A woman who has evaded Alzheimer’s disease despite half her relatives getting it could hold the clues to how to prevent it, with scientists pinpointing a particular gene which they think could help prevent Alzheimer’s from progressing. 

Researchers claimed their peptide-inhibiting drug is also more targeted than current treatments, potentially making it safer, with fewer side effects.

Dr Aggidis said: “We know that the toxicity of the tau protein is intimately linked with its ability to aggregate, so by inhibiting aggregation we expect to see desirable effects.

“But current aggregation inhibitors have had many side effects because they can interfere with the functions of many other proteins.

“RI-AG03 is specifically designed against the tau protein, meaning it’s less likely to undesirably interact with other proteins.”

Dr Richard Oakley, Associate Director of Research and Innovation at Alzheimer’s Society, added: “This research is taking promising steps towards a new one-of-a-kind therapy which targets Tau, a damaging protein in the brains of people living with Alzheimer’s, preventing it from clumping together.

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“This drug has the potential to be more targeted than others currently being studied, and we hope it will result in fewer toxic side effects.”

But he noted that more research needs to be done on RI-AG03.

“It’s important to note that the study is in its early stages, so we don’t yet know if it will work or be safe for humans, but it’s an exciting development and we look forward to seeing where it leads,” Dr Oakley said.

The study was funded by Alzheimer’s Society UK and published in  Alzheimer’s & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer’s Association.

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30 MIN FULL BODY PILATES HIIT WORKOUT | Burn 350 Calories | Feel Strong and Balanced | No Repeat

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30 MIN FULL BODY PILATES HIIT WORKOUT | Burn 350 Calories | Feel Strong and Balanced | No Repeat



This Pilates Fusion is a full body HIIT workout with some Pilates inspired exercises. Our focus is flexibility, mobility and creating long, lean muscles and sweating a lot to burn lots of calories. Remember stretching through the fingers, pointing the toes and keep your core engaged.I love these kind of workouts, let me know in the comments if you too!

*The number of calories you burn will vary from person to person but this might serve as a guideline.

❀Full Body Workout
❀Time: 40 sec on/ 10 sec off

Warm Up 00:00 – 03:12
Workout 03:26 – 33:13
Cool Down 33:13 – 36:21

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DISCLAIMER
If you are new to exercise, you should understand that there is the possibility of physical injury. Please notice that if you performing any exercise or program, you agree that you do so at your own risk. This channel offers health, fitness and nutritional information and is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.

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new youtube workout is up now! link in bio :) #fitness #abs #workout

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Watch as woman, 28, plagued by giant skin growth undergoes life-changing surgery on The Bad Skin Clinic

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Watch as woman, 28, plagued by giant skin growth undergoes life-changing surgery on The Bad Skin Clinic

WATCH as a woman with a massive keloid protruding from her neck finally gets the skin growth removed.

Olivia, a 28-year-old nurse, grappled with the growing keloid over the course of four years.

Olivia, 28, pictured with her keloid scar, which had been growing for four years

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Olivia, 28, pictured with her keloid scar, which had been growing for four yearsCredit: © 2024 Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc. or its subsidiaries and affiliates. All rights reserv
Dr Emma Craythorne removed the skin growth in a surgery - she's pictured here injecting anaesthetic in the keloid

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Dr Emma Craythorne removed the skin growth in a surgery – she’s pictured here injecting anaesthetic in the keloidCredit: © 2024 Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc. or its subsidiaries and affiliates. All rights reserv
Dr Craythorne holding the keloid after removing it from Olivia's neck

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Dr Craythorne holding the keloid after removing it from Olivia’s neckCredit: © 2024 Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc. or its subsidiaries and affiliates. All rights reserv

Starting out as a spot, it gradually swelled to the size of a satsuma and left Olivia feeling increasingly self conscious.

“It can be exhausting, trying to constantly be brave, and trying to hide it,” she said.

“It’s my face, this is what everyone sees!

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“Often at the end of the day the tears may come, it makes you sad,” an emotional Olivia reflected.

Not only that, the nurse was constantly catching her seat belt or face mask on the growth, which at times became unbearably itchy.

After years of emotional and physical discomfort, Olivia decided to visit consultant dermatologist Dr Emma Craythorne about finally having the keloid removed.

The nurse’s story features in a brand new episode of The Bad Skin Clinic, as the first instalment of the seventh series airs tonight.

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The new series will see Dr Craythorne help patients with a number of growths and skin ailments.

“When a skin disease affects the face it can be devastating,” the dermatologist said.

“Not just physically, but also emotionally and socially.”

Watch transformation of man whose ‘small spot’ blew up into melon-sized tumour

Though Olivia was desperate to have her keloid removed to improve her self-confidence, the specialist nurse also visited Dr Craythorne for practical reasons.

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The growth had gotten so large it has started to impact her work supporting patients with learning disabilities, as well as her everyday activities.

“My keloid… it really does get in the way. I often get my seatbelt rubbing on it.

“If I’m trying to wear masks or PPE at work, I’m quite uncomfortable with it,” the nurse explained.

Olivia smiles following her successful surgery

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Olivia smiles following her successful surgeryCredit: © 2024 Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc. or its subsidiaries and affiliates. All rights reserv
Olivia said she surgery had boosted her confidence

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Olivia said she surgery had boosted her confidenceCredit: The Bad Skin Clinic
'I feel pretty,' she gushed

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‘I feel pretty,’ she gushedCredit: © 2024 Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc. or its subsidiaries and affiliates. All rights reserv

Olivia’s keloid also got unbearably itchy at times, leaving her in a frenzy of scratching.

“I’m always rubbing it,” she said.

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“It’s like an itch and I can’t stop doing it.”

In an initial consultation at the clinic, Dr Craythorne confirmed that Olivia’s growth was indeed a keloid.

To Olivia’s surprise, Dr Craythorne pointed out that the growth could have been triggered by something as inconspicuous as a small acne spot on her neck.

“Essentially the cells that we have responsible for making a scar are called ‘fibroblasts’,” she explained.

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“If you cut yourself, or you have an injury, they start repairing that wound, and then once the injury is healed over, it stops repairing.

“But in somebody who has a tendency to keloids, those fibroblasts don’t stop making scar tissue. So in your case this a genetically-inherited tendency.

“I suspect you might have even had a spot, like an acne spot or something like that. Something really little, and that’s been enough to provoke this response.”

Olivia got yet another surprise when the dermatologist revealed that she would be able to remove through surgery that very same day.

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“I know you don’t want it there, but it’s grown in such a beautiful way and does not seem to be going deep into the skin nearby,” Dr Craythorne told the nurse.

“This is a really nice keloid that should get a good outcome from surgery.”

Not expecting to go into surgery that day, Olivia was happy at the idea having the keloid removed and at the same time anxious about the surgery.

“I’m sh****** myself,” she told the dermatologist as she arrived at the theatre, prepped and ready for her op.

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QUICK WORK

After injecting the keloid to numb it, Dr Craythorne started making slow and precisely incisions to the keloid with her scalped, which she told Olivia was “fairly superficial”.

“We’re not having to really dig deep down into the skin to find all the roots of it,” the dermatologist explained.

“This is where my yoga and Pilates comes into play,” she joked as she manoeuvred herself around Olivia to get to the keloid from different angles.

Dr Craythorne sliced the little “spud” all the way off before long and stitched up Olivia’s neck, asking the nurse to move her chin to make sure the skin wouldn’t pull.

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What are keloid scars?

A keloid scar is a raised scar left on the skin after a wound has healed.

They usually appear a few weeks to years after damaging or injuring your skin, such as after a cut, burn or acne.

Keloid scars are usually raised, hard, smooth and shiny.

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They can be skin colour, pink, red, purple, brown, or darker than the skin around them.

You’re most likely to get them on your chest, shoulders, chin, neck, ears and lower legs.

A keloid scar can grow for months or years and become bigger than the original wound.

While it’s growing, it may feel itchy or painful. This usually stops once it’s finished growing.

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Speak to a GP if you think you have a keloid scar and it’s bothering you.

They may be able to improve how it looks and getting treatment early can stop the scar from growing.

Source: NHS

“Welcome to your new face,” she told a beaming Olivia, handing her a mirror.

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Following the op, Dr Craythorne reflected: “When somebody has something that’s different about their face, it has an effect on them.

“Our face is so important to us in terms of communication, in terms of breathing, in terms of speaking, in terms of touch, all of these things.

“But also crucially, it’s a point of contact that people look at, so it’s not the same as having a lump growing somewhere else.

“When it’s right in the middle of your face, it has an impact in all of those ways.”

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CONFIDENCE BOOST

Olivia was back at the London clinic two weeks post-op for a check-in.

“I’m just looking forward to showing Dr Emma how my face is getting on.

“Colleagues have mentioned how great things are looking, I even had someone at the chip shop say ‘ooh your thing’s gone!’,” the nurse said.

“Honestly, I feel like people are actually looking at me and talking to me as opposed to looking down at my neck,” Olivia told the dermatologist.

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“My lanyard, it’s not getting stuck, it’s just sliding on…seatbelts… even like a bag, I can wear it on this side.

“Before I could never wear a bag this way. All these kinds of things, I’m so so happy,” Olivia went on.

Olivia’s surgery also boosted her self-confidence.

“I feel so pretty,” she said.

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“Having it gone is literally life-changing for me. I’m so much more confident, I’m not conscious when I’m taking pictures or even when I’m walking around.

“I’m not really trying to cover my face anymore.

“My life now is amazing. I’m feeling great, really confident, really happy. Just excited for the future!”

The Bad Skin Clinic airs on Really on Tuesdays at 9pm and is available to stream on discovery+.

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30 Minute Full Body Dumbbell Workout

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30 Minute Full Body Dumbbell Workout



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This 30 minute workout uses dumbbells to shape and sculpt your full body, while keeping your heart rate up in the process. Options for all fitness levels.

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New body scan phone app ‘reveals if you’re at risk of heart disease, stroke or diabetes in just 30 seconds’

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New body scan phone app ‘reveals if you’re at risk of heart disease, stroke or diabetes in just 30 seconds’

A NEW smartphone app can tell you if you’re at risk of heart disease, stroke or diabetes, experts say.

MyBVI is an at-home body scan tool that analyses your health in as little as 30 seconds.

A phone app can reveal your risk of serious health conditions using just two photos

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A phone app can reveal your risk of serious health conditions using just two photosCredit: My BVI
MyBVI, developed by Select Research, in action

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MyBVI, developed by Select Research, in actionCredit: My BVI

It uses two photos to reveal your body fat, visceral fat, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio and waist circumference – without the need for a tape measure.

Using artificial intelligence (AI) and taking into account your age and gender, this then produces a body volume index (BVI) figure from zero to 20, which determines your likelihood of future health problems.

Generally, the higher the number, the higher your chances of falling ill.

A BVI score below 13 is considered low risk, while figures above 13 indicate an increased risk.

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The technology is 23 per cent more accurate than body mass index (BMI) which relies on weight and height alone, scientists claim.

Inventor Richard Barnes said: “With MyBVI, users simply take two images with their smartphone or tablet from the comfort of their home, and within seconds, they receive their measurements.

“It considers where fat is distributed on the body, and how that impacts health, rather than just on total weight.

“Anyone can do it. And the images are never stored or used, ensuring complete privacy.

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“BVI is a predictive risk indicator for three of the most significant diseases in global healthcare – diabetes, cardiovascular disease (which encompasses heart disease and stroke) and high blood pressure.”

Developer Select Research hopes it can help ease the burden on medical staff by allowing patients to submit images from home, eliminating the need for GP or other clinic visits.

Millions at risk of ‘silent killer’ that triggers heart attacks and stroke – as doctors warn it’s 3 times more common than feared

How to do the body scan

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  1. Get someone to hold your phone or tablet vertically and stand in front of them.
  2. Stand facing forwards, with your arms held out straight at a 45-degree angle for the first picture.
  3. For the second photo, stand exactly side-on with your feet together and your arms straight down. Don’t look at the camera.
  4. You should receive your results a few seconds later.

Those deemed high-risk can then be monitored, “enabling cost-effective preventive care and earlier diagnosis”.

It should also reduce the chances of ‘false positives’ for obesity, particularly in patients with muscular builds, ethnic minorities and women, according to the team.

Richard said: “The government now has an opportunity to fulfil its promise of creating a future-ready NHS by adopting a more accurate understanding of body composition and its impact on health.

“BVI accurately identifies more than four out of five patients who might be at risk of heart disease, stroke or type 2 diabetes – marking a 23 per cent improvement over BMI and outperforming manual measurements.

“These findings indicate that BVI is a more effective risk indicator than BMI, which was created in 1835 and is outdated and inaccurate when assessing individual health.

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“After 18 years of development, we’ve created an app that offers more comprehensive body measurements that lowers the cost of entry and could become a new medical standard.

“It offers a more comprehensive approach, with detailed data on total body fat, visceral fat, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, waist circumference and BVI.

“Maintaining good health is important for everyone, so it’s crucial that people have access to accurate tools like MyBVI to make the right decisions about their health.”

It could serve as a powerful screening tool for identifying metabolic syndrome

Researchers

MyBVI is free to download but requires a £3.99-a-month subscription to unlock “premium benefits”.

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It presents data on a graph to help users understand how their body changes over time.

The app predicts someone’s metabolic syndrome risk and severity.

A study published in the European Heart Journal – Digital Health found it to be more accurate than BMI.

“The tool offers a more precise alternative to other measures of disease risk, like BMI and waist-to-hip ratio,” the researchers said.

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“It could serve as a powerful screening tool for identifying metabolic syndrome.”

Metabolic syndrome can lead to a heart attack, stroke, diabetes, liver disease, and other serious health problems.

People with metabolic syndrome typically have apple-shaped bodies, meaning they carry a lot of their weight around their middle.

The science behind body volume index

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BVI helps people understand their body composition.

Total body fat

Body fat, also known as adipose tissue, helps store energy in our bodies and is essential for our wellbeing.

But in excess, it can also lead to the development of many diseases, including heart disease, high blood pressure, and stroke.

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Visceral fat

Visceral fat, also known as intra-abdominal fat, is the fat found on the inside of your abdomen and around your organs.

Too much of it is linked to type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease and some forms of cancer.

Waist-to-hip ratio

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Waist-to-hip ratio measures the difference between the waist circumference and the hip circumference, and determines how much fat is stored on the waist, hips and buttocks.

Waist-to-height ratio

Someone’s waist-to-height ratio is obtained by dividing their waist size by their height.

Waist and hip circumference

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The waist is measured in a horizontal line, halfway down the side of the body between the pelvic bone and the bottom of the ribcage.

The hip circumference is measured at the widest point of the buttocks.

Source: BVI

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Miranda Cohen Workout Motivation For Females #mirandacohen #fbb #femalefitness #crossfit #fitness

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Miranda Cohen Workout Motivation For Females #mirandacohen #fbb #femalefitness #crossfit #fitness



Miranda Cohen Workout Motivation For Females #mirandacohen #fbb #femalefitness #crossfit #fitness

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