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Former South Korea clinic for US ‘comfort women’ to be demolished

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Activists say the site should be preserved for its historical significance (Anthony WALLACE)

Slated for demolition, the graffiti-covered building close to the inter-Korean border was once a “monkey house”, a clinic for sex workers forced to serve US soldiers protecting Seoul from North Korea.

Activists, including women who were forced into gruesome treatments for sexually transmitted diseases, say the site should be preserved for its historical significance, but the bulldozers will move in this month to clear it for a tourist development.

The fight over the building in the lush forest of Dongducheon is illustrative of the broader struggle for recognition faced by South Korean women who say they were tricked or forced to work in state-run brothels serving US troops.

Unlike the better-known “comfort women” used by Japanese soldiers until the end of World War II, the tens of thousands of victims of state-sanctioned brothels run from the 1950s to 1980s by the South Korean government, have received relatively limited attention.

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“It was nicknamed the ‘monkey house’ because the women were kept confined like monkeys,” Choi Hei-shin, a peace activist and researcher, told AFP.

Many women in the brothels, which Seoul’s Supreme Court ruled were illegally “established, managed, and operated” by the state for US troops, were forced to undergo STD treatments against their will to protect their clients’ health.

Kim Un-hui was dragged to the monkey house in Dongducheon in the late 1970s when she was caught by authorities without an STD certificate and forcefully injected with an excessive amount of penicillin.

It was so painful it felt like someone was “stabbing me over and over again,” Kim, now 66, told AFP.

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At that point, Kim was not even working in the military brothels, as she had married an American GI. Even so, she says she was detained and forced to share a cramped room with 20 other women.

One woman passed out from the penicillin injection and injured herself by hitting herself against the bedframe while unconscious, she says.

Medical staff “just stood there and did nothing,” Kim told AFP, adding the experience still haunted her.

– No recognition –

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A historic 2022 Supreme Court ruling found the South Korean government had illegally been “justifying and promoting prostitution” among its women citizens, causing “loss of human dignity” and “mental suffering”.

Kim said she responded to an advert looking for a waitress but was trafficked by a Korean pimp into a military brothel. She considers herself lucky as she quickly met her husband, one of her first customers, and escaped with him.

Many other women died from the drugs handed out by pimps or from the consequences of the botched medical treatments offered in the monkey houses, according to survivors and historians.

“The authorities administered over ten times the safe amount of penicillin to the victims,” said Kim Eun-jin, director of Durebang, a group of activists supporting the survivors, to AFP.

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Some survivors have received small payouts from the Korean state, but efforts to get the United States, which still has tens of thousands of troops stationed in South Korea, to acknowledge its role and apologise have so far been fruitless.

“We have witnessed our colleagues die from illnesses, suicides and crimes,” 73 South Korean survivors wrote in a letter to then-US president Barack Obama in 2009.

“The US military authorities in South Korea intervened directly in the prostitution surrounding military bases for the ‘health and comfort of the US troops’… This was a clear state crime.”

– ‘Erase our story’ –

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About six kilometres (3.7 miles) from the monkey house lies a cemetery where up to 70 percent of the graves are likely former sex workers from US military camps, activists say.

They are now being relocated to transform the area into a park.

When AFP reporters visited, most graves were unmarked and completely overgrown with thick weeds. A lone excavator was already relocating remains.

Signs posted at each indistinguishable grave site asked any surviving relatives to get in touch.

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Due to shame, many women in the brothels were cut off from their families and kept their identities secret, which explains why “they were buried even without names”, said activist Choi.

But the economy surrounding military brothels in US camp-towns, including restaurants, barbershops and bars catering to American GIs, made up about 25 percent of South Korea’s GDP during the 1960s and 70s.

The state “profited from their bodies, using them merely as tools”, Choi said.

The building is in poor repair: video obtained by AFP showed the interior, covered with disturbing graffiti including a face weeping blood, and local authorities say it is now too late to cancel the demolition.

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But survivor Kim says it should be preserved as a way to give her and her colleagues recognition for their suffering.

“We were abused by our own country,” she said. “They’re trying to erase (our story) from history.”

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I loved Britain’s fairytale pink castle that inspired the one at Disney World – and even Britney Spears is a fan

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I went to the English pink castle loved by both Disney and Britney

IF you think the only place to find a pink castle is inside a Disney theme park, you’d be wrong.

Craigievar Castle in Aberdeenshire, Scotland was thought to be the inspiration for Cinderella’s Castle in Florida’s Walt Disney World, and anyone can visit for a picture-perfect princess moment.

I went to the English pink castle loved by both Disney and Britney

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I went to the English pink castle loved by both Disney and BritneyCredit: Jenna Maxwell
The castle is less than an hour from Aberdeen

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The castle is less than an hour from AberdeenCredit: Chris Gorman/www.BigLadder.co.uk

The 17th century structure is located near the town of Alford and is less than an hour away from Aberdeen.  

Although the pink shade seems modern, the castle has been that colour since 1826 after a makeover matching the colour of the granite moldings, resulted in the famous ‘Craigievar pink’.  

The castle has recently reopened after the ‘Pink Again Project’ that brought the colour back to life and visitors are flocking to get that perfect shot.

Even Britney Spears is a fan as she posted a photo of the castle to her millions of Instagram followers earlier this month.

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Being Disney – and Britney – buffs, my daughter and I had to check this one out, dressing up in tulle skirts for the occasion.

Of course, Sabrina wore a Cinderella style dress, and we had fun letting her run across the grounds and got some fantastic snaps of her in front of the striking castle.

Visiting the grounds to get your iconic Instagram snap is free but you might have to wait to avoid the other guests with the same idea.

Visiting early can ensure you get the best spots or the early evening when you get the magical evening glow.

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If you want to venture inside, you can also pay for a guided tour.

The iconic tower house is really fun to explore and is among the best preserved and the most loved in Scotland.

Inside the UK’s best castle with live jousting shows and a brand-new knight-themed hotel

It was a family home up until the 1960s so the rooms have a cosy feel to them.

The guided tours take you into all the rooms in the castle’s five floors so you can imagine you’re a real-life Princess locked in a tower.

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However, like most castles and fairy tales, it has its darker moments and visitors have reported hearing ghostly moments from some bedrooms so it’s maybe not a bad thing that the tours are guided.

There is also an on-site shop to check out and a woodland trail around the grounds where you might even spot some incredible wildlife.

The castle is owned by the National Trust for Scotland and members go free.  

It’s not the only Disney-like castle in the UK.

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Strawberry Hill House, in Twickenham, has been compared to a castle from the Disney films by tourists.

Other amazing castles in the UK

The UK is home to some amazing castles – here are some of the best

Bamburgh Castle

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This medieval fortress is built overlooking the stunning Northumberland coast, offering a wonderfully picturesque place to explore some of England’s history.

The castle itself is incredibly well preserved and dates all the way back to the 11th century.

Kenilworth Castle

Brits can find out about sieges and royal scandals at Kenilworth Castle, one of the most famous forts in the country.

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The medieval castle has had a fascinating history and was even transformed into an Elizabethan palace.

Today its keep, its Tudor towers and Elizabethan garden are among the sights people can explore.

Dover Castle

This fort rises high above the famous white cliffs, providing another stunning sight for visitors.

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Another 11th Century build, constructed soon after 1066, it has been the site of some historically important moments, including the evacuation of hundreds of thousands of Allied troops from the beach of Dunkirk.

Among its top features are its Great Tower, with a recreated medieval interior, which people can climb to the top of and enjoy the surrounding views.

The Sun’s Richard Moriarty, recently visited Balmoral Castle and nearly bumped into royalty.

And our Travel Reporter Hope Brotherton went to the UK’s ‘best’ castle – here’s what she thought.

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You can even stay in the castle, with five floors of rooms

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You can even stay in the castle, with five floors of roomsCredit: Getty

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Coleen Rooney disputes Rebekah Vardy’s ‘misleading’ Nobu costs claims

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Coleen Rooney disputes Rebekah Vardy's 'misleading' Nobu costs claims

Coleen Rooney has disputed “misleading” claims made in the High Court by Rebekah Vardy, who is challenging the “sheer magnitude” of costs she has to pay the former as a result of 2022’s Wagatha libel trial.

Mrs Vardy lost that case after a judge ruled it was “substantially true” she had leaked Mrs Rooney’s private information to the press, and was ordered to pay 90% of Mrs Rooney’s costs, which has reached more than £1.8m.

On Tuesday, Robin Dunne, representing Mrs Rooney in the costs dispute, said claims made in court on Monday about hotel costs incurred by a lawyer representing her in 2022 were “factually incorrect”.

Mrs Vardy’s KC Jamie Carpenter had said Mrs Rooney’s total included costs for a lawyer staying “at the Nobu Hotel, incurring substantial dinner and drinks charges as well as mini bar charges”.

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But Mr Dunne, noting the charges been widely reported in the media as “evidence of the defendant wildly spending”, said they were “potentially defamatory” and steps would be taken.

He added that a “modest” hotel had been booked for the lawyer, but on the first night there had been no wi-fi or working shower, so he transferred to the Nobu after Mrs Rooney’s agent said she could get reduced rates.

A room at Nobu ordinarily costs £650 but was charged at £295, which he said was the same price as a room at a Premier Inn.

Addressing the claim that £225 had been spent on a food and minibar tab, Mr Dunne said the minibar bill had actually come to £7 for two bottles of water, and that the lawyer had not eaten at the Nobu restaurant during his stay.

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Senior Costs Judge Andrew Gordon-Saker rejected one of Mrs Vardy’s claims that it was “unreasonable” for Mrs Rooney to use Stewarts, a London-based law firm, and that she should have sought one near to where she lived in the north west of England.

Mr Gordon-Saker said: “This was always going to be a high-profile case and it attracted significant press coverage both here and elsewhere.

“Defamation is still a specialist area and most of the firms who specialise in defamation are based in central London.”

Regarding the size of the claim and the importance of the matter to the “reputations at stake”, he said “instructing a solicitor in central London was a reasonable choice”.

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The judge also rejected Mrs Vardy’s claim that it had been unreasonable for Mrs Rooney to consult her barrister, David Sherborne, on 30 occasions, at a cost of nearly £500,000.

Mr Gordon-Saker added that the conduct of Mrs Vardy – in particular destroying evidence – “adds to the complexity” and “clearly justifies rates in excess of the guidelines” for the most experienced lawyers.

But he did say less experienced lawyers should have been charged at a lower hourly rate.

Mrs Rooney, the wife of former England captain Wayne Rooney, was nicknamed Wagatha Christie in 2019 after saying she had conducted a sting operation to find out who had leaked stories about her from her private Instagram to the Sun newspaper. She concluded: “It’s…. Rebekah Vardy’s account.”

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That post led Mrs Vardy, the wife of Leicester City striker Jamie Vardy, to sue her for libel, and the trial attracted huge interest when it reached court two years ago.

Mrs Justice Steyn ruled that Mrs Rooney’s accusation was “substantially true”, saying it was likely Mrs Vardy “knew of, condoned and was actively engaged” in the process of leaking stories about Mrs Rooney to the Sun in collaboration with Mrs Vardy’s agent, Caroline Watt.

Mrs Rooney branded the trial “horrible” in an interview with British Vogue last year.

She suggested she could not forgive Mrs Vardy for her libel claim, but said “the relief was everything” to win.

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Mrs Vardy went on to trademark the phrase “Wagatha Christie” after losing.

The case also inspired the Olivier Award-nominated play, Vardy V Rooney: The Wagatha Christie Trial.

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Vistry shares plunge more than 30% after UK group issues profit warning

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Vistry shares plunged more than 30 per cent on Tuesday morning after the housebuilder warned its full-year profits would be almost a fifth lower than expected because of underestimated building costs.

The FTSE 100 group, one of the UK’s largest housebuilders, said the error would reduce its 2024 adjusted pre-tax profit by £80mn to £350mn, and cost a further £35mn over the next two years.

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It said the issue with understated costs stemmed from nine developments in its southern division, out of 300 sites in total. 

“We believe the issues are confined to the South Division and changes to the management team in the division are under way,” Vistry said. 

Shares were down 31 per cent to 896.5p early on Tuesday morning in London. Although some of the losses were pared back by lunchtime, they were still 22 per cent lower at 988.5p.

The profit warning marks a setback for one of the UK’s most buoyant housebuilders, which operates the Bovis Homes brand, following its takeover of Countryside in late 2022.  

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Vistry builds the majority of its homes for “partners” such as rental or social housing providers, making it less reliant on open-market sales than other large housebuilders. Rivals have been hit hard by the downturn in the housing market over the past two years. 

Unlike other large developers, which have slashed their output as sales declined, Vistry increased completions by 9 per cent to 7,792 in the first six months of 2024. It struck two huge deals to build homes for US private equity group Blackstone’s UK housing businesses in the past year, totalling £1.4bn. 

On Tuesday, Vistry said it still expected to complete at least 18,000 homes by the end of the year. 

The hit to profits and the possibility of further bad news surfacing at the group will rattle investors, although the company said it was confident the problem was isolated in one of its six divisions. 

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It could also raise questions over the pace of growth being pursued at Vistry under chief executive Greg Fitzgerald, who recently also became executive chair. He has set a “medium-term target” of roughly doubling adjusted profits to £800mn. 

“The key issue is whether these are isolated and ‘one-off’ in nature, with the worry being that they are more systemic, and reflective of inherent risk within the group’s partnership model that could recur in the future,” said Investec analyst Aynsley Lammin.

Vistry said the “total full-life cost projections” for the cost of nine of the 46 developments in the southern region, which covers Kent, Sussex, Hampshire and the Thames Valley west of London, had been underestimated by 10 per cent, including for some “large-scale schemes”. 

“We are commencing an independent review to fully ascertain the causes,” Vistry said. 

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The group added that it “continues to target a net cash position” at the end of the year, and will maintain a £130mn share buyback announced in September.

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PRS REIT reveals strong NAV growth amid shareholder pressure

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PRS REIT chairman to step down after pressure from activist investors

Net rental income on its private rented portfolio rose 18% to £47.3m, as the completed homes portfolio grew to 5,396 from 5,080 a year earlier.

The post PRS REIT reveals strong NAV growth amid shareholder pressure appeared first on Property Week.

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Madeleine McCann suspect cleared of rape charges in separate German trial

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Madeleine McCann suspect cleared of rape charges in separate German trial

The main suspect in the disappearance of three-year-old British girl Madeleine McCann, has been cleared by a German court of rape and sexual abuse in an unrelated trial.

Christian Brückner, 47, was acquitted of carrying out five offences in Portugal between 2000 and 2017. He is already serving a seven-year jail term in Germany for rape.

Brückner has not been charged in the case of Madeleine McCann, who disappeared in Portugal in 2007 and has never been found.

Brückner’s defence team had argued he should be cleared because of a lack of evidence, although prosecutors had called for the court in Braunschweig in northern Germany to impose an additional 15-year jail term.

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Brückner’s existing seven-year jail term, imposed by the court in Braunschweig in 2019 for raping an American pensioner, ends next September according to prosecutors.

Presiding Judge Uta Engemann said there was insufficient evidence for a conviction and some of the witnesses were unreliable.

District prosecutor Christian Wolters told the BBC they would appeal against Tuesday’s verdict to the Federal Court of Justice, and until then the verdict was not legally binding.

Although he spent many years in the Algarve region of Portugal, Brückner moved between there and his native Germany and was identified as a suspect by German investigators in the Madeleine McCann case in 2020.

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She had been on holiday with her family in the Algarve when she vanished from their apartment in Praia da Luz. German prosecutors are convinced she is no longer alive.

Brückner was put on trial in Braunschweig as that was where he was last listed as living. Although unrelated to the McCann case, his latest rape trial prompted widespread international interest when it began in February.

However, during the summer the court lifted an arrest warrant in connection with the case, which was seen by some observers as an early indication that Brückner could be acquitted.

Brückner himself did not give evidence during the trial, but his lawyer, Friedrich Fülscher, said on Monday that acquittal was “the only correct outcome of the case” because two of the rape victims, a teenager and an elderly woman, had never been identified and the witnesses were not credible.

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A key witness had earlier told the trial that he had broken into Brückner’s home in Portugal and found videos involving the rape of a girl and a woman aged 70 to 80.

An Irish woman, Hazel Behan, later told the court she had been raped when she was 20 by a masked man who broke into her flat in Portugal in 2004. She waived her anonymity for the trial and described how she had never forgotten Brückner’s bright eyes, which she said had “bored into my skull”.

Ms Behan told the court that she believed he was her attacker.

Prosecutors had previously said one of the rape charges should be dropped.

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They have sought to ensure Brückner remains in preventive detention when his jail term ends next year.

However, Brückner’s defence lawyer has said he also intends to challenge the 2019 rape conviction.

His acquittal in the latest trial has raised questions about the prosecutors’ separate case involving the disappearance of Madeleine McCann.

Legally there is no connection between the two. The judge made that clear when she delivered the acquittal, saying that the verdict had to be carried out on the basis of evidence for the charges in question, and should not be influenced by other cases or by a public media debate.

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However, some of the witnesses deemed unreliable by the judge were potential witnesses in the McCann case as well, so Tuesday’s verdict may have further repercussions.

The district prosecutor disagreed with the court’s characterisation of some of the witnesses as unreliable and told the BBC the verdict would not have an impact on their Madeleine McCann inquiry.

Their next step is likely to depend on their appeal to the federal court of justice.

If you have been affected by the issues raised in this article, sources of help can be found via the BBC’s Action Line.

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US consumers leave Europeans in their wake

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This article is an on-site version of our Chris Giles on Central Banks newsletter. Premium subscribers can sign up here to get the newsletter delivered every Tuesday. Standard subscribers can upgrade to Premium here, or explore all FT newsletters

Consumption matters. Ultimately economic success is determined by how much people consume, however much Germany and China might measure their economic prowess by exports or the UK might fret about low investment. The purpose of investing or exporting is ultimately to enable people to consume more goods and services, whether these are private, such as a restaurant meal, or public, such as national defence.

Post-pandemic, the trends in real private consumption are remarkable. US spending has recovered to its previous trend levels, which were themselves a lot more dynamic than those in the Eurozone or Japan and a little faster than the UK.

In contrast, as the chart below shows, real levels of consumption in the Eurozone, Japan and the UK have been flat. On past trends, that is not much of a surprise for Japan with low growth and a declining population, but it shows much more lasting damage from the pandemic in Europe and something of a catastrophe in the UK relative to past trends.

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The chart requires some explanation and some thought about monetary policy among central banks. First of all, it is important to note that growth in real household incomes does not explain the differences — these have been weaker in the US than the OECD average over the past two years and real wage growth has risen unambiguously only for lower income US workers.

Instead, the big difference between the US and most other economies has been a drop in savings compared with the pre-pandemic period. Europeans got spooked by Covid-19 and its aftermath, while this appears to have been a minor inconvenience for US households.

My colleagues Valentina Romei and Sam Fleming explored this issue in detail over the weekend. In all parts of the world, savings rates surged when coronavirus was rife because households were unable to spend, especially on consumer-facing services, but dropped below long-term trends in the US, while staying much higher in the Eurozone and the UK.

Part of the reason for these massive differences in savings trends is likely to be related to greater pandemic and post-pandemic fiscal largesse in the US leaving American households with less of a repair job to do on their own finances. Part of the explanation clearly reflects the fact that Europe had a much worse external shock post pandemic, with the Ukraine war on its doorstep and a natural gas price energy hit that dwarfed what was experienced in the US. European consumers are still suffering from wholesale gas prices roughly twice the pre-2022 rate, so it is natural that they have made some adjustments.

Important as these two issues are, they were factored in to European Central Bank forecasts by June 2023, when the central bank expected 1.9 per cent consumption growth in 2024. By September this year, it expects only 0.8 per cent growth, demonstrating that real income gains across Europe are simply not translating into spending as expected. As long as inflation is under control, this must be dovish for Eurozone and UK interest rates.

Added to this is the fact that while Europe has a huge range of mortgage structures in different countries and vastly different household balance sheets, the transmission of high interest rates to spending is likely to be a little larger than in the US. (See last week’s speech by ECB executive board member Isabel Schnabel for more on these differences).

The caveat to this prescription of looser monetary policy in Europe is that the natural gas price shock suffered across the continent not only made consumers more cautious but also made them more determined to protect their real wages at a time of low productivity growth, which has probably generated more persistence in inflation. The conundrum is that Europe needs to loosen monetary policy more than the US but also must worry more about its inflation trends. It is a nasty combination.

If that is the big picture, data revisions in the US and UK have added some additional insights over the past few weeks.

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The US story has become brighter still. When the Bureau of Economic Analysis revised its national accounts at the end of last month, it raised the measured US savings ratio to around 5 per cent during 2024 from about 3 per cent in the previous releases. The chart below shows the extremely benign reasons for the upward revisions in savings. Compared with the pre-pandemic level, US disposable incomes have been revised sharply higher — almost 4 per cent up this year, while spending was also revised up but not as much.

In contrast, revisions to the UK national accounts depressed the savings ratio by roughly 2 percentage points because spending was revised higher while incomes and GDP were broadly unrevised. Where did that increased private consumption come from? Lower business investment.

In an economy where people already worry that investment is not sufficient to maintain future consumption, the chart below showing these revisions is not exactly encouraging.

Apart from the fact that the US immediate economic environment is healthier than in Europe (we know), there is one important conclusion you should take from this analysis — Europe should be cutting interest rates and stimulating private consumption more than the US.

But Europe struggles to do this because the same shock that has undermined consumer spending has also made inflation a little more persistent.

A threat to central bank independence

Imagine the scene in early November if Donald Trump wins the 2024 US presidential election. He meets Federal Reserve chair Jay Powell and says afterwards: “I don’t believe the environment is ready for interest rates to stay at this level.” Everyone would shout: “Trump threatens central bank independence.”

This happened in Japan last Wednesday when new Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba told reporters, following a meeting with Bank of Japan governor Kazuo Ueda, that “I do not believe we are in an environment that would require us to raise interest rates further”.

Cue a Japanese stock market rally, a drop in the yen and the inevitable revision from Ishiba of what he meant a day later. It was all a misunderstanding, he told reporters, and he was merely reflecting Ueda’s own view that the BoJ could take its time to assess the impact of its two rate hikes before deciding on another one.

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It was a rapid lesson in the simple politics of talking about interest rates. Don’t.

What I’ve been reading and watching

  • In a hawkish dissent from current fashions, Andréa Maechler, deputy general manager at the Bank for International Settlements, warned last week that central banks should “exercise care” when assuming supply shocks are transitory. Raising interest rates to prevent a transition to persistently higher inflation regimes is safer, she suggested. Full speech here

  • Hurrah — Turkey’s inflation rate has fallen below 50 per cent. Anecdotes are awful, but having spent two weeks in the country I did not see any signs of rampant inflation which, for an economist, was mildly disappointing

  • Europe will get a little more inflationary after imposing tariffs on Chinese electric vehicles; the US a little less so after dockworkers suspended their strike action

  • On the anniversary of the October 7 Hamas attacks, rising tensions in the Middle East have pushed oil prices up again

A chart that matters

There is little doubt that last week’s US jobs numbers were excellent. The unemployment rate dropped to 4.1 per cent in September from July’s peak of 4.3 per cent. Payrolls beat expectations to rise by 254,000 in the month, with upward revisions to July and August too. No wonder the New York Fed president told the FT this week that the data was “very good”.

What was good for the US economy — low inflation and low unemployment — was not so great for the Federal Reserve’s analytical capabilities, however. As the chart shows, the Fed is pretty clueless about trends in US unemployment.

The chart shows the Fed’s forecast for end-2024 unemployment at the time the forecasts were made against the actual rate. In 2022, it expected monetary tightening to raise unemployment. That did not happen and the Federal Open Market Committee threw in the towel in September 2023, expecting unemployment to stay low. Then, the actual rate crept up and just at the moment FOMC members raised their forecasts to reflect this, the data immediately fell back again.

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The chart below shows the perils of data dependency. Of course, no one should be complaining that the summer rise in unemployment was a bit of a blip. But the Fed did not see this coming.

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