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$1bn US battery plant plan shows race to reduce reliance on China

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US battery start-up Lyten is committing more than $1bn to build the world’s first large-scale factory to produce lithium sulphur batteries, an emerging technology that could help break US dependence on China for metals crucial for the energy transition.

The factory, located in Reno, Nevada, is expected to start production by 2027, the first target set for the commercialisation of a type of battery that could challenge the incumbent lithium ion. The battery does not rely on graphite, nickel, manganese, or cobalt — metals in which the vast majority of the world’s supply is controlled by Beijing. 

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Celina Mikolajczak, Lyten’s chief technology officer, told the Financial Times its battery chemistry offers the US the opportunity to reduce China’s monopoly. The company plans to reach 10 gigawatt hours of production by about 2032 at its Reno plant, producing batteries for drones, satellites and eventually, electric vehicles that can be powered for longer durations than their lithium-ion counterparts.

“The biggest leverage China has on the EV industry, on all the [battery] cell makers, is their graphite supply,” Mikolajczak said, adding the company would source sulphur domestically and lithium from US suppliers and countries outside of China. “If we’re going to do a new cell chemistry, we don’t just sign up for more . . . You’ve got to step away from that.” 

The move from Lyten arrives as US battery start-ups race to invent the next dominant battery technology to compete with China, promising materials that are easier and cheaper to procure and greater energy densities that could give vehicles wider driving range and faster charging times. 

While President Joe Biden’s landmark Inflation Reduction Act included lucrative manufacturing tax credits for battery makers, stiff competition from Chinese imports, slowing demand for electric vehicles and tough macroeconomic conditions have forced several companies, including LG Energy Solution, Freyr and GM’s Ultium Cells, to pause or delay their projects. 

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European manufacturers have also struggled. Last week, its top battery maker, Northvolt, filed for bankruptcy in a big setback to the continent’s hope to compete with the dominant players in Asia.

Milo McBride, fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, called the commercialisation of lithium sulphur batteries a “golden goose” for US battery competitiveness.

“The west is not scaling its alternative critical mineral supply chains to the extent that is needed,” McBride said. “What this technology offers geopolitically is a really interesting opportunity for the US to basically put forth a battery that renders some of these minerals and subsequent chemicals less important in the long-term picture.”

Lyten’s technology replaces the graphite traditionally found in anodes of lithium-ion batteries with lithium metal and substitutes the nickel, manganese, cobalt and lithium commonly found in cathodes with sulphur.

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Backed by Stellantis and FedEx, Lyten has raised $425mn in financing and secured a $4mn Department of Energy grant in January. The company estimates it will be eligible for $1.5bn in manufacturing tax credits and is in talks with the state of Nevada for incentives that will cover a “double digit” share of its capital expenditure. 

The Republican-led state has emerged as a top destination for electric vehicle and battery investment, securing nearly $7bn in supply chain commitments since the IRA’s enactment, according to the Clean Economy Tracker, despite no support for the law from Republicans in Congress and repeated threats from former president Donald Trump to undo spending if re-elected in November.

The main bottleneck facing lithium sulphur batteries is in its chemistry. While lithium sulphur can offer energy densities that are multitudes higher than their traditional lithium-ion counterparts, they rapidly degrade due to a chemical reaction known as the polysulfide shuttle. 

“That’s the Gordian knot,” Mikolajczak said, referring to the effort to use carbon structures to control the movement of sulphur in the battery and boost its longevity. The company plans to enter defence applications such as drones and satellites over the next year and improve its lifecycle to reach electric vehicle applications “over the next few years”.

But even some lithium sulphur battery developers are sceptical that their technology will be able to outdo lithium ion batteries in the electric vehicle market. High interest rates and slowing demand for EVs have also forced investors to tighten financing for capital-intensive battery projects. 

“Lithium ion batteries are doing a pretty good job in the EV space and the Chinese are driving battery prices down to below $50 a kilowatt hour,” said Lee Finniear, chief executive of Li-S Energy, a company based in Brisbane, Australia.

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Etihad boosts flights to Jaipur

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Etihad boosts flights to Jaipur

Etihad Airways, the national carrier of the UAE, is boosting its weekly flights between Abu Dhabi and Jaipur to ten a week from 15 December, 2024

Continue reading Etihad boosts flights to Jaipur at Business Traveller.

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Founder Anne Wojcicki races to rescue 23andMe

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Founder Anne Wojcicki races to rescue 23andMe

Once-hyped genetic testing company hit by data breach, plunging share price and board resignations

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How can I make extra money now?

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7 Simple ways you can make money now 

In today’s fast-paced world, finding easy ways to make some extra cash can be a game-changer. More people are looking for ways to make extra money, at the beginning of 2024 in the UK 1 in 4 adults had a side hustle, small business or a secondary job alongside their full-time careers. In the US more than a third of adults — and nearly half of millennials and Gen Z have a second stream of income in 2024.

Whether you need to pay off bills, save for a vacation, or just have some fun money, there are numerous avenues available that anyone can tap into. Here are 7 simple ways you can make money now! 

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BBC to cut 155 roles from news operation

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The BBC has announced plans to eliminate 155 jobs from across its news operations as part of a wider £700mn cost-cutting strategy.

The move will save £24mn, according to an internal memo sent to staff at the UK national broadcaster on Tuesday and seen by the Financial Times, or 4 per cent of the budget of the newsroom.

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The BBC has increasingly struggled to cover the costs of its wide range of services, having lost close to one-third of its income over the past decade.

The previous Conservative government capped funding for the two years to 2024 and then awarded the lowest level of licence fee increase up to 2027. BBC executives will enter into talks with the Labour government about the terms of its next licence, which starts in 2027.

The corporation’s news operation will shed 185 roles in total but will open 55 new positions — a net reduction of 130 posts, or about 3 per cent of staff in the newsroom. Its media operations division is also proposing to close the equivalent of 25 posts related to the news division, with a further 25 unrelated jobs being cut.

The cost cuts form part of a wider plan set out by the BBC in May 2022 to find £500mn in annual savings, with a further £200mn of extra cuts announced subsequently. This will lead to total cuts of more than 500 roles, comprising 1,200 post closures and the addition of 700 new positions.

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The BBC said it would do “everything we can do to avoid compulsory redundancies”, including through its voluntary redundancy scheme. 

This year, the BBC announced plans to close up to 115 posts in regional editorial and production teams, or about 3 per cent of the division’s staffing. The corporation has already cut jobs in its local news teams, as well as in individual programmes such as Newsnight.

All BBC divisions have been told to reduce content creation by one-fifth. The newsroom cuts announced on Tuesday include closing the bespoke Asian Network News service, axing the HARDtalk long-form interview programme and synchronising the production of news bulletins used on Radio 5 Live and Radio 2.

Domestic radio stations will also take World Service news summaries overnight rather than producing their own.

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Stephen Sackur, presenter of HARDtalk, said on X: “This is sad news for me personally, but much more important, I think it’s depressing news for the BBC.”

The broadcaster is having to balance the rapid shift by much of its audience to digital platforms — which require different sorts of programmes and presenters — while meeting the demands of the often older users of its traditional linear channels. 

The proposals do not include cuts to the World Service, which is subject to separate discussions with the government. On Monday, BBC director-general Tim Davie warned in a speech that cuts to the World Service risked helping Russia and China spread “unchallenged propaganda”.

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Engagement with pensions rises despite only 13% receiving advice

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Consumer engagement and activity is on the rise when it comes to pensions even though only 13% have received financial advice on their pension in the last 12 months.

This is according to a report from Boring Money, ‘Pension Report 2024 – The Consumer Focus’, which showed that 75% of British adults who are not retired have at least one pension.

Additionally, 12% of UK adults have a private pension.

Despite over six in 10 finding pensions confusing, this has not stopped pension activity and engagement increasing.

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In 2022, 5% had consolidated their pension, with this figure now rising to 8%. Over two thirds (67%) have checked a pension annual statement in 2024, compared to 59% in 2022.

Also, 60% have logged into an online pension account in 2024, compared to 52% in 2022, and 6% have opened a new private pension, up from 4% in 2022.

Boring Money said: “Consideration of financial advice remains strong and events such as the upcoming Budget are likely to further increase the need for advice.”

Almost a fifth of all non-retired UK adults aged 55 and above are considering talking to a financial adviser over the next 12 months.

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The report also shows the value of advice when it comes to feeling prepared to retirement; 80% of advised non-retired pension holders aged 55+ agree with the statement, “I have a retirement plan and I’m confident about how I will fund my retirement”.

This compares to less than half of those who have not had any advice on their pension in the last five years.

Boring Money CEO Holly Mackay said: “Activity is up across the board over the last two years. People are looking at their pensions more, opening more accounts and also consolidating.

“It’s great to see increasing engagement form consumers as pensions join the mainstream, very slowly taking their place as a ‘normal person’s’ product not a ‘rich person’s’ product.

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“A side effect of this engagement is a greater retention problem for workplace pension providers, as newer ‘shinier’ retail offerings are more superficially appealing for the pre-retired cohorts, for whom the consolidation message is starting to get through.

“Although consideration of advice is higher, the impact of the Consumer Duty and increased servicing costs will likely impact the availability of advice for the mass affluent.

“As awareness and engagement grows, so will the demand for help. This growth in awareness and need is an important factor for the ongoing Advice Guidance Review to consider.”

In order to obtain these results, Boring Money surveyed 4,000 nationally representative UK adults (Sept 2024), 6,500 nationally representative UK adults (Feb 2024) and 700 Boring Money Research Panel Members (Jul 2024).

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France pushes for sway on EU car emissions rules

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France is pushing for “flexibility” on tougher car emissions rules next year that could spell billions of euros of fines for European carmakers already struggling with slowing demand for electric vehicles.

Antoine Armand, France’s newly appointed economy minister, on Tuesday said the French were sounding out European partners to see what could be done on the EU’s 2025 carbon emissions standards, which will impose limits on how much a carmakers’ fleet can emit.

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These will hit the likes of France’s Renault, Peugeot maker Stellantis and Germany’s Volkswagen with more than €10bn in penalties unless they are able to drastically increase the portion of battery-powered cars they sell, or eliminate more traditional engine ones.

“I cannot see why there would be penalties when huge efforts [in investment] have been made [by carmakers],” Armand told auto industry executives at the Paris Motor Show on Tuesday, a biennial exhibit of car designs focused more than ever on electric versions.

“You can’t have sanctions without taking into account the economic context and the development of our industry in France and in Europe,” he said. “We’re exploring what flexibility there can be in co-operation with our European partners who are the most engaged on this question.”

Armand did not detail what shape that flexibility could take — whether it meant diminishing the penalties, changing the underlying criteria involved or pushing back the deadline. He maintained that a 2035 European deadline to phase out sales of non-electric cars was necessary to get the industry to shift.

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Brussels is coming under increasing pressure from carmakers to delay or weaken its car emissions rules amid weakening demand for electric vehicles and concerns from car manufacturers that they will face millions of euros of fines for pollution.

The Italian government has also been particularly outspoken about calling for a revision of the 2035 ban with Italian Premier Giorgia Meloni dubbing it a “self-destructive policy”.

At the Paris show, Oliver Zipse, chief executive of BMW, warned that the EU ban on internal combustion vehicles from 2035 would lead to “massive shrinking of the industry as a whole”.

The German group called for an earlier review of the EU’s longer-term targets, describing them as “no longer realistic based on current market dynamics”.

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However, Stellantis chief executive Carlos Tavares on Monday cautioned against watering down carbon emissions rules, warning that delaying the shift to EVs would bring higher costs for the industry needing to invest in both conventional engines and battery-run cars.

The 2025 rules mandate that carmakers overall must cut emissions by 15 per cent compared to a 2021 baseline.

So far, the European Commission has stood by the limits as well as a ban on new internal combustion engines from 2035.

At a closed-doors event in Brussels last month, officials said that the EU should stay the course on its vehicle emission limits in order to provide certainty for investors.

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“The worst thing that we could do is to create further uncertainty and confusion by changing again the targets we have agreed,” a senior EU official said.

Transport is the only major sector in the EU where emissions are now higher than they were in 1990.

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