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British chocolate bar made with Reading-grown cocoa

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British chocolate bar made with Reading-grown cocoa

Scientists at the University of Reading have created the first chocolate bar made entirely from British ingredients in almost a century, with cocoa beans grown, harvested and processed in Berkshire.

The bar, produced to mark the university’s 100th anniversary, is only the second of its kind in history. For UK business travellers and the firms that host them, it is a timely reminder of how exposed the country’s £10.4bn chocolate market is to climate disruption overseas, with rising cocoa costs already filtering through to hotel minibars, conference catering and corporate gifts.

Until now, the only person ever to have eaten a chocolate bar made with 100 per cent British ingredients was the late Queen Elizabeth II. She was given one as a six-year-old in 1932 by the confectioner Rowntree’s, which created it from a glasshouse-grown cocoa plant at its headquarters in York.

From pod to bar without leaving Berkshire

Maha Khan, a master’s student at the university, harvested, fermented and processed the beans at Reading’s food department, using cocoa grown from plants in the institution’s own collection.

“It has been amazing to follow the entire chocolate-making process, from pod to bean to bar, without leaving Reading,” she said.

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Khan described the finished chocolate as “delicious”, with a very rich flavour. “It’s incredible to taste the complexity of the flavour profiles as the cocoa is made from plants originating from over 300 varieties grown here. It was also really interesting to taste the raw cacao before it gets processed, the beans are coated in a white flesh that tastes like lychee and isn’t something many people in this country get to try.”

Why cocoa’s climate problem matters to UK firms

Britain makes some of the world’s best chocolate, yet the industry depends entirely on imported cocoa. High temperatures in growing regions have stunted plants in recent years, while extreme rainfall has drowned crops across Africa, pushing up prices for a commodity found in almost every hotel, airline lounge and meeting room. The government’s latest food security digest tracks the UK’s reliance on such imports.

The pressure on supply chains is one reason sustainability targets are intensifying among UK companies, and why producer nations are working to protect the crop, as seen at events such as the Grenada Chocolate Fest, which champions ethical cocoa production.

Reading holds more than 300 types of cocoa plant at its international cocoa quarantine centre, which handles 97 per cent of the world’s international movement of cocoa plants. The university hopes the bar will highlight the importance of preserving varieties that could withstand changing weather, pests and diseases.

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“This British bar of chocolate highlights the precarious nature of our food supplies,” Khan said. “Cocoa plants are very sensitive to changes in temperature and rainfall, and climate change is already causing problems in countries that produce most of the world’s cocoa. Protecting different varieties is vital if farmers need hardier plants that can cope with a changing climate.

“I hope this shows people just how much work goes into the chocolate we enjoy, and how important it is to protect cocoa farmers and communities around the world.”

A bar fit for a future queen

Only six bars have been made so far, and with a single cocoa pod taking six months to grow, production will remain limited for now, although there are hopes to increase output depending on the availability of beans.

Khan hopes one bar will go to the Princess of Wales. “We haven’t decided yet who will get to eat the chocolate. As the last British chocolate made was eaten by the future queen in 1932, it would be fitting if the next bar was a gift to another future queen, the Princess of Wales, who, like the chocolate, was also born in Reading.”

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Jamie Young

Jamie Young

Jamie Young is Senior Reporter at Business Matters, covering SME finance, employment law and Westminster policy since 2016. He has reported on every Budget and Autumn Statement since 2018, helped make sense of the ‘covid era’ and the bounce-back loan scheme from launch through the fraud investigations, and broke the magazine’s coverage of the 2024 late-payment reforms. He joined Business Matters straight from completing his BA in Administration from Exeter University and is NCTJ-qualified. Reach him at jyoung@cbmeg.co.uk

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Amidst global trade tensions, ASEAN aims to become the world’s fourth-largest economy by offering a dynamic, safe, and neutral business hub. The bloc is prioritizing rapid and quality transformation through enhanced integration, resilience, and addressing education and inclusion challenges.

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  • During a period of geoeconomic and trading tensions, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is seeking to capitalize on its advantages and address its challenges.
  • The bloc’s aim is to offer investors and partners a dynamic, safe, neutral space in which to do business and trade.
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The current period of profound geopolitical transformation presents enormous opportunities and risks for countries worldwide, but perhaps none more so than the countries of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN).

The 11-nation bloc is seeking to become the world’s fourth-largest economy and offers a neutral, loosely harmonized, open, dynamic, increasingly entrepreneurial partner, and, according to Tulsi Naidu, Chief Executive Officer, Asia-Pacific, Zurich Insurance Group, “a compelling growth opportunity”.

Described as the most “trade-driven region,” it has shown remarkable resilience in a hostile trading environment where its members have faced US tariffs ranging from 10% to 48% in recent months.

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As Masato Kanda, President of the ADB, suggested, further “regional connectivity and diversification of industry and trade are the best protection against external shocks,” and with leaders cognisant of this, ASEAN is working hard to transform faster.

Like many trading blocs, ASEAN is currently questioning how best to address geopolitical and economic events. According to Thailand’s deputy prime minister, Ekniti Nitithanprapas, it’s vital ASEAN members continue to work together. As regional blocs replace multilateral set-ups and institutions, investors will naturally be looking for safety; it’s envisaged they that ASEAN’s long-standing neutrality and relative levels of peace will prove attractive. Additionally, ASEAN has a chance to reap dividends by positioning itself as a “springboard to grow to other regions”.

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Frontier Flight 1046 was traveling from Cleveland to Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport when the pilots requested that emergency medical personnel meet the Airbus A321 at the gate, according to air traffic control communications reported by PYOK.

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The aircraft landed at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport without incident, where emergency responders were waiting, according to the outlet.

As the aircraft approached South Florida, one of the pilots alerted air traffic controllers to a “developing medical” situation on board.

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A Frontier Airlines flight from Cleveland to Fort Lauderdale reportedly declared a medical emergency after four flight attendants became sick shortly before landing. (Joe Burbank/Orlando Sentinel/Tribune News Service / Getty Images)

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Emergency medical personnel were waiting when Frontier Flight 1046 landed at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport after multiple crew members became sick, according to a report. (Elizabeth Page Brumley/Las Vegas Review-Journal/Tribune News Service via Getty Images / Getty Images)

The aircraft, a 10-year-old Airbus A321, departed Cleveland shortly before 8 a.m. on Thursday. It was scheduled to return to Cleveland at 11:30 a.m., but that flight was canceled, according to PYOK.

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The cause of the flight attendants’ illnesses was not immediately known, and their conditions after landing were unclear.

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Four flight attendants aboard Frontier Flight 1046 reportedly experienced headaches and nausea as the aircraft approached Fort Lauderdale, Florida. (Ken Cedeno/Reuters / Reuters)

FOX Business has reached out to Frontier Airlines for comment.

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