In 2024, you might wonder if Fitbit is still relevant. Despite getting acquired by Google, Fitbit remains one of the most recognizable names in the industry. Fitbit trackers aren’t meant for the most hardcore of athletes, but they’re still excellent devices for tracking overall activity as well as monitoring certain health and wellness metrics like EKGs and blood oxygen levels.
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Qualcomm unveils Snapdragon Elite platforms for automotive
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Qualcomm unveiled its Snapdragon Elite platforms for automotive applications at its Snapdragon Summit event today.
Powered by Qualcomm Oryon — the company’s fastest central processing unit (CPU) — these new platforms are the latest additions to the Snapdragon Digital Chassis (first introduced in 2022) portfolio.
They’re designed to bring intelligence to next-generation vehicles. Automakers have the option to
utilize Snapdragon Cockpit Elite to power advanced digital experiences and Snapdragon Ride
Elite to power automated driving capabilities.
Through its unique flexible architecture, automakers will also have an option to seamlessly combine both digital cockpit and automated driving functionalities on the same SoC – an innovative capability available on Snapdragon Digital Chassis solutions.
“Qualcomm Technologies remains at the forefront of innovation with platforms like Snapdragon Cockpit Elite and Ride Elite, as the automotive industry evolves towards centralized computing, Qualcomm
software defined vehicles and AI-driven architectures,” said Nakul Duggal, group manager, automotive, industrial, and cloud at Qualcomm, in a statement. “With our strongest performing compute, graphics and AI capabilities, coupled with industry leading power efficiency and cutting-edge software enablement for digital cockpits and automated driving, these new Elite Snapdragon automotive platforms address the industry’s needs for higher compute levels, empowering automakers to redefine automotive experiences for their customers.”
Ana Arnold, who works in product and technology marketing at Qualcomm, said in a product briefing that software-defined technology and AI are driving rapid change in cars. She noted hundreds of millions of vehicles already use Qualcomm tech on the road. The new platforms deliver versatility for both autonomous driving and in-cabin car systems — or both through platforms that combine the different chips, Arnold said.
Unified architecture with higher AI performance
The dedicated Neural Processing Unit (NPU), designed for multimodal AI, offers a 12-times performance boost over previous cockpit platforms, enabling real-time external environment and cabin data processing.
This advance facilitates live decision-making, adaptive responses, and proactive assistance, ensuring
personalized in-cabin car experiences.
Mark Granger, senior director of product management, said in a press briefing that the Snapdragon Cockpit Elite is focused on the interior cabin space, like the dashboard. The Snapdragon Ride Elite, meanwhile, is focused on ADAS, or Advanced Driver Assistance Systems, and autonomous vehicles.
“We see the advent of large language models and multimodal models that are adept at running on the edge,” Granger said. “So we’re very excited with what we see as a huge leap in performance and capability.”
To date, LLMs have had real challenges understanding and responding to to Chinese and Japanese speakers. The new tech can now address this. Granger said the company is not yet disclosing the exact amount of TOPS performance when it comes to AI processing.
Equipped with transformer accelerators and vector engines, along with mixed precision support, the NPU in Snapdragon Ride Elite is designed to deliver low-latency, highly accurate, and efficient end-to-end transformers, maintaining optimal power and performance.
The heterogeneous platform seamlessly runs multiple applications without performance loss, offering exceptional concurrency and multitasking for numerous cameras, sensors, rich user experiences and advanced AI-enabled audio with virtualization.
Automakers can create configurable software-defined vehicles (SDVs) for all tiers, providing flexibility and scalability while simplifying vehicle architecture. This architecture results in accelerated deployment schedules, ensuring customers can enjoy the latest innovations and features more quickly than before.
Qualcomm said the new chips are engineered to deliver exceptional performance while minimizing energy consumption. That helps ensure that vehicles operate smarter and longer. The solution is a combination of intelligent power management hardware and software that balances core utilization and application runtime.
The chips are also designed for context-aware applications. This platform is designed to enable hands-free, unsupervised automated driving that anticipates needs, along with real-time driver monitoring and enhanced object detection for a smoother, more confident ride.
Its improved Adreno GPU targeting to deliver a three-times performance boost with advanced rendering capabilities, meeting demands for gaming, multimedia, and dynamic driver information.
The platforms are also designed to meet automotive safety standards for ASIL-D systems with a dedicated safety island controller and robust hardware architecture for isolation and interference-free operation, helping to ensure reliable quality-of-service for specific ADAS functions, as well as comfort and confidence from drivers and passengers.
Purpose-built for the industry’s shift to SDVs, the elite-tier platform is designed to take an end-to-end approach for enhanced safety, security, and upgradeability through the unified software framework that emphasizes software reuse; designed to help automakers accelerate feature development via a cloud-based workbench, streamlining software development for continuous improvement and reducing time to market for new features and services.
The automotive platforms also feature a powerful, efficient camera system with an advanced Image Signal
Processor (ISP) for clear, responsive visuals in extreme driving conditions. They support over 40 multimodal sensors, including up to 20 high-resolution cameras for 360-degree coverage and in-cabin monitoring, Arnold said. She noted in-cabin sensors are now important inside the cabin to detect whether a driver is sleepy or not and the car needs to do something about that, like sending an audio alert.
Compatible with the latest and upcoming automotive sensors and formats, our platforms use AI-enhanced imaging tools to deliver optimized image quality for both enhanced in-cabin experiences and advanced safety features.
The automotive platforms will use Qualcomm’s software stack, supporting multiple operating systems. The Snapdragon Ride Elite platform is an end-to-end automated driving system with advanced features like vision perception, sensor fusion, path planning, localization, and complete vehicle control.
Snapdragon Cockpit Elite offers support for rich multimedia features, on-device AI with fully integrated edge orchestrator, optimized gaming and advanced 3D graphics for rich user experiences, and comes with safety, security and long-term support (API compatibility) features built into the design.
The Snapdragon Cockpit Elite and Snapdragon Ride Elite will be available for sampling in 2025. As for the average cycle time on design cycles for cars, Granger said the time has certainly come down over many years (it used to take five years to get new parts designed into cars) and continues to accelerate, Granger said.
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Netflix and TED are hopping on the daily word game bandwagon
Netflix announced the next addition to its gaming roster, and it’s a collaboration with the TED nonprofit. TED Tumblewords is a daily puzzle game where you slide rows of letters around to make words. There will be three puzzles available each day, and you can play rounds against friends, other online players or the TED bot. In addition to the daily word challenges, which are designed to improve critical thinking and vocabulary, players will see interesting facts from the TED library. The game will be available to play on Netflix and TED.com on November 19.
Since it began offering mobile games, Netflix has amassed a lot of high-quality titles in its lineup. The collection is a mix of licensed indie game projects, such as Hades and Kentucky Route Zero, alongside in-house creations centered on its popular shows, like the retro-styled Stranger Things game. However, the streaming service just today shut down its in-house AAA game studio before the team ever released or even announced a single project. While we wait for TED Tumblewords to arrive, here are some other excellent choices for your daily online gaming fix.
Technology
Cohere adds vision to its RAG search capabilities
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Cohere has added multimodal embeddings to its search model, allowing users to deploy images to RAG-style enterprise search.
Embed 3, which emerged last year, uses embedding models that transform data into numerical representations. Embeddings have become crucial in retrieval augmented generation (RAG) because enterprises can make embeddings of their documents that the model can then compare to get the information requested by the prompt.
Your search can see now.
We’re excited to release fully multimodal embeddings for folks to start building with! pic.twitter.com/Zdj70B07zJ
— Aidan Gomez (@aidangomez) October 22, 2024
The new multimodal version can generate embeddings in both images and texts. Cohere claims Embed 3 is “now the most generally capable multimodal embedding model on the market.” Aidan Gonzales, Cohere co-founder and CEO, posted a graph on X showing performance improvements in image search with Embed 3.
The image-search performance of the model across a range of categories is quite compelling. Substantial lifts across nearly all categories considered. pic.twitter.com/6oZ3M6u0V0— Aidan Gomez (@aidangomez) October 22, 2024
“This advancement enables enterprises to unlock real value from their vast amount of data stored in images,” Cohere said in a blog post. “Businesses can now build systems that accurately and quickly search important multimodal assets such as complex reports, product catalogs and design files to boost workforce productivity.”
Cohere said a more multimodal focus expands the volume of data enterprises can access through an RAG search. Many organizations often limit RAG searches to structured and unstructured text despite having multiple file formats in their data libraries. Customers can now bring in more charts, graphs, product images, and design templates.
Performance improvements
Cohere said encoders in Embed 3 “share a unified latent space,” allowing users to include both images and text in a database. Some methods of image embedding often require maintaining a separate database for images and text. The company said this method leads to better-mixed modality searches.
According to the company, “Other models tend to cluster text and image data into separate areas, which leads to weak search results that are biased toward text-only data. Embed 3, on the other hand, prioritizes the meaning behind the data without biasing towards a specific modality.”
Embed 3 is available in more than 100 languages.
Cohere said multimodal Embed 3 is now available on its platform and Amazon SageMaker.
Playing catch up
Many consumers are fast becoming familiar with multimodal search, thanks to the introduction of image-based search in platforms like Google and chat interfaces like ChatGPT. As individual users get used to looking for information from pictures, it makes sense that they would want to get the same experience in their working life.
Enterprises have begun seeing this benefit, too, as other companies that offer embedding models provide some multimodal options. Some model developers, like Google and OpenAI, offer some type of multimodal embedding. Other open-source models can also facilitate embeddings for images and other modalities. The fight is now on the multimodal embeddings model that can perform at the speed, accuracy and security enterprises demand.
Cohere, which was founded by some of the researchers responsible for the Transformer model (Gomez is one of the writers of the famous “Attention is all you need” paper), has struggled to be top of mind for many in the enterprise space. It updated its APIs in September to allow customers to switch from competitor models to Cohere models easily. At the time, Cohere had said the move was to align itself with industry standards where customers often toggle between models.
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Ro CEO Zachariah Reitano says the benefits of being a private company are growing
Ro co-founder and CEO Zachariah Reitano said while he’d “never say never” about potentially taking the seven-year-old telehealth company public, he thinks the benefits of being a private company are growing.
Reitano dodged multiple questions from Axios reporter Dan Primack about whether or not the company has plans to IPO in the near term — or in general — at Axios’s BFD event on October 22nd.
“I might give an unsatisfying answer, but the truth is that right now, we are exclusively focused on delivering the highest quality product for our patients,” Reitano said.
Ro has raised more than $1 billion in venture capital from the likes of General Catalyst, Initialized Capital and Torch Capital, among many others. Ro most recently raised a $150 million in a round led by ShawSpring Partners that valued the company at around $6.6 billion.
Reitano’s sentiment is likely one shared by other late-stage startup founders as venture-backed companies continue to stay private longer, according to PitchBook data. Another factor keeping companies private is the rise of the secondaries market as an increasingly common way to give investors and employees some liquidity — although the majority of activity surrounds a handful of companies.
He also talked about the company’s big “uncomfortable bet” on weight loss drugs that became available on the platform in 2023. Ro was founded in 2017 by Rob Schutz, Saman Rahmanian and Reitano as a telehealth company focused on erectile disfunction. The company expanded to more men’s and women’s health categories including hair growth, fertility and skin health. But it has now become well known as a provider of multiple GLP-1s options.
Reitano said the company began developing the program to offer such drugs in 2021 and moved a significant percentage of its resources into the category at the time. It is now one of the fastest growing sectors of its business.
“Providers want patients to have it, and patients desperately want it. Those things have never happened in any drug category before, and so from our perspective, the prevalence and widespread usage of GLP-1s is inevitable,” Reitano said.
He added that the expansion was natural at the time for the company as conditions like obesity impact many of the other health categories the company focuses on including fertility and sexual health conditions like erectile disfunction.
Technology
Best Fitbit fitness trackers and watches in 2024
That said, this is a transitional period from the Fitbit of old to whatever Fitbit will be in the future. 2023, in particular, was a messy year. There were multiple Fitbit server outages. I wasn’t impressed with the decision to sunset legacy community features like challenges or the fact that all Fitbit accounts will require you to log in via Google by 2025. Speaking of which, the Fitbit-to-Google account migration started last summer and is required if you buy new products like the Fitbit Charge 6 or Google Pixel Watch 3. The Fitbit app also got a new, more Google-like makeover, which didn’t go over well with many users. (Google has since made adjustments based on feedback.) And in January, much of Fitbit’s leadership, including co-founders James Park and Eric Friedman, left the company as roughly a thousand Google employees were laid off.
You can look at how Google has handled the Nest acquisition as a road map to how things are going. The Googlefication of Fitbit will continue, but there are reasons to stick with its trackers in the meantime. Fitbit trackers are relatively affordable, especially since they often go on sale. All the devices also come with a free trial to Fitbit Premium, the company’s subscription service that adds guided workouts, meditations, and access to more in-depth metrics. So far, it appears Google takes its Pixel Watch lineup seriously, too. With the Pixel Watch 2, the company has expanded extended warranty access and improved replacement options. You just have to go in with eyes wide open.
Best Fitbit smartwatch
The existence of the Pixel Watch, now in its third generation, has thrown a wrench into Fitbit’s smartwatch lineup. Technically, it’s a Google product, but Google owns Fitbit, so they’re all Google products now. Fitbit powers all of the Pixel Watch’s health and fitness features. But really, this is the smartwatch that Fitbit never could manage to build on its own.
The Pixel Watch 3 is a significant update over its predecessors. It finally feels like Google’s no longer playing catch-up to its rivals. This year, the screens are brighter, the bezels are smaller, and there’s now a 45mm size for larger wrists. The larger size doesn’t look chunky, either. Internally, the processor and health sensors are the same as last year, though the third-gen device has an ultra wideband chip that allows you to unlock Pixel phones and some BMW car models.
It’s got the same beautiful design with a circular domed display that looks way more elegant than the squircle Versa or Sense smartwatches ever did. On your wrist, it looks like a watch, not a tracker dressed up as one. The display is a bit fragile for our taste, but as of last year, you can get a Preferred Care extended warranty in the US and Canada. This is one reason we recommend the Pixel Watch 3 over the original since at least you have a more affordable fallback should something happen to your display. Google also announced an option where you can skip customer support and mail in broken, out-of-warranty Pixel Watch devices for discounted replacements.
As for fitness features, the Pixel Watch 3 is much better for runners than it used to be. It includes a new running dashboard, advanced form analytics, custom running workouts, and even AI-generated workout suggestions. It’s also introduced a new metric called Cardio Load, which measures the intensity of your workouts and suggests a target based on your fitness goals. It’s conceptually similar to Garmin’s Training Load. The Daily Readiness Score has also been revamped and is no longer locked behind the Fitbit Premium paywall. On the health front, European users now have Loss of Pulse. If the watch detects you’ve lost your pulse, it’ll call emergency services on your behalf. The feature isn’t available yet in the US, though, as FDA clearance is still pending.
Additionally, Google has strengthened the watch’s integrations with its own services as well as other Pixel devices. For instance, you have offline Google Maps and a Google Home Tile. You can view your Nest Doorbell camera feed or control your Google TV from your wrist, and there’s also the option to record audio with the Recorder app and transfer it to your phone. With Call Assist, you can use your watch to tell anyone calling you need an extra second to pick up the phone.
If all you want is a fitness tracker that looks like a smartwatch, you can consider the $229 Versa 4 since it’s the more budget-friendly option. But there’s no real point in the Sense 2 since the Pixel Watch 3 can do all the same things — and more.
Best budget Fitbit
The Inspire line hasn’t always felt, well, inspired. But the $99.95 Inspire 3 is different. With a color OLED display, it’s reminiscent of the Fitbit Luxe (formerly $149.95, now often around $99.99), just with a matte black plastic case instead of a metal one. It’s a great throwback to classic Fitbits for people who only want the basics.
The Inspire 3 doesn’t overcomplicate things. It’s a fitness band. You won’t get built-in GPS, contactless payments, or digital assistants. Still, what it lacks in smarts it makes up for with Fitbit’s advanced sleep tracking, stress management features, and irregular heart rate notifications. The OLED display is also a step up from the Inspire 2’s monochrome screen, and you still get 10 days of battery life. (Though it’s more like two to three if you enable the always-on display.)
The Inspire 3 has a variety of accessories, including a clip attachment if you want to discreetly track steps. There’s even a gold or silver mesh strap if you want to dress it up a bit.
To be honest, the Inspire 3 and Luxe are quite similar, and they’re often around the same price. It’ll boil down to whether you think the Luxe’s nicer case is worth trading half the battery life for — the Luxe gets an estimated five days instead of 10.
Best Fitbit fitness tracker
The Charge series has always been popular, and the $159.95 Charge 6 is no exception. It’s Fitbit’s higher-end fitness band but easily competes with the more expensive Versa 4 on features. It features a color OLED screen plus an EKG and EDA sensor. You also get built-in GPS, NFC payments, and SpO2 sensors — the only thing you’re really missing is a digital assistant.
The only qualm we have with the Charge 6 is the always-on display. While it’s beautiful, it’s a major battery drain. The Charge 6 has an estimated seven days of battery life, but that dwindles down to about two if you have the always-on display enabled. This is the same issue that we had with the Charge 5, but it’s fairly typical from Fitbit trackers these days.
Altogether, though, you’re getting a hell of a lot for the price. It’s the only FDA-cleared EKG wearable you can find for under $200, and the only other Fitbits capable of EKG and EDA readings are the Sense, Sense 2, and the Pixel Watch 2. So unless you’re dead set on the smartwatch form factor, the Charge 6 is the better overall deal.
Compared to its predecessor, the Charge 6 also adds an improved heart rate algorithm, Bluetooth compatibility with some gym equipment, and a few apps — namely Google Maps, Google Wallet, and YouTube Music. While YouTube Music works well, I’m not stoked that it requires an additional $11 monthly subscription. That said, it’s better than nothing, as Fitbit discontinued onboard music a while back.
In terms of hardware, the Charge 6 also features a haptic button instead of an inductive groove. It’s not a physical button, which is a little disappointing, but it’s more reliable thus far than the inductive groove, so I would count this as a net positive.
You could technically get the Charge 5 at a discount. However, I’d only do that if it’s significantly cheaper and price is your main consideration. The haptic button, while not what I wanted, is far better than the inductive groove and you have more app options. Turn-by-turn navigation is also handy for walks, and it at least offers some form of music playback.
Best Fitbit for kids
That pretty much covers the current Fitbit lineup. The only one we haven’t touched thus far — and the only one that I haven’t tested myself — is the $79.95 Ace 3. That’s Fitbit’s tracker for kids. It’s a basic tracker with a rugged bumper and comes with parental controls. It’s got better battery life than its predecessor but doesn’t come with GPS. Also, while it does have heart rate sensors, it’s not a metric that’s actively tracked for children. Instead, it determines how many “active minutes” they’re getting. Overall, it’s a decent choice for parents whose main priority is making sure their kids get enough daily exercise.
However, Fitbit recently announced the $229.95 Ace LTE. It’s substantially more expensive, but that’s understandable given it’s a significant upgrade in terms of hardware and software. For starters, it has the same guts as the Pixel Watch 2. (The chargers are also compatible!) It also adds built-in LTE for a $9.99 monthly subscription via the Ace Pass, which enables calling, messaging, and real-time GPS tracking for parents. Kids won’t need to have their own smartphone to set it up, and there are no third-party apps or ads on the device. Everything is also controlled via the separate Fitbit Ace app, which works on both iOS and Android.
To encourage more activity, the Ace LTE uses a series of 3D games. After playing a bit, they’re encouraged to get some physical activity to unlock more playing time. There’s also a Tamagotchi-like element, but aside from $35 collectible bands, there are no microtransactions within the games involving real money. (Kids can “buy” more items by completing daily quests and partaking in activities.) As for privacy, Google says that only parents will be able to view location and activity data for children. Location data is deleted after 24 hours, while activity data is deleted after 35 days. We haven’t had a chance to fully test the Ace LTE yet, but stay tuned for our forthcoming review.
Should you even buy a Fitbit right now?
Fitbit officially became part of Google in 2021. Nothing changed overnight, but technically, it’s Fitbit by Google now. The Fitbit-to-Google migration started in earnest in summer 2023 and new users will be asked to log into Fitbit using their Google accounts. In 2025, this will be mandatory for everyone. Last year, Google angered longtime Fitbit users by shuttering longtime social features like Challenges and removing step streaks. (Step streaks have since been added back and expanded to Android.) Meanwhile, the Versa 4 and Sense 2 weren’t as feature-rich at launch compared to their predecessors, leading some to feel that Google purposefully did this to put the spotlight on its Pixel Watch. There were also multiple major server outages in 2023.
There’s some tension here and the future of Fitbit hardware is murky. Especially given the fact that Google laid off about a thousand employees from its hardware departments spanning Pixel, Fitbit, and Nest. If you’re buying a tracker for the first time and want it to last you a while, it might make more sense to opt for a Garmin or Amazfit tracker. Similarly, if you’re looking to upgrade to an older Versa or Sense smartwatch, you might want to see where the dust settles. However, if you know you want a Fitbit, then go ahead. If you’re not in a rush or are undecided, now is not a bad time to sit back and observe.
Update, October 22nd: Adjusted pricing and availability.
Technology
Kevin Bacon, Julianne Moore, Thom Yorke, and 10K+ creators sign warning against AI use of their work
More than 10,000 professional actors, musicians, writers, and other creators have signed a petition urging against AI using their work without permission for training. British composer Ed Newton-Rex wrote the statement and set up the signature collection. The ranks of signers include many famous names. They range from Hollywood stars like Kevin Bacon and Julianne Moore to record-selling musicians and composers like Thom Yorke of Radiohead and Abba’s Björn Ulvaeus and best-selling authors Harlan Coben and Ted Chiang. The statement itself is brief and to the point:
“The unlicensed use of creative works for training generative AI is a major, unjust threat to the livelihoods of the people behind those works, and must not be permitted.”
Essentially, the signers are anxious that their copyrighted works are contributing without their permission to the enormous amounts of data used to train generative AI models behind ChatGPT, Gemini, Meta AI, and so many other text, image, audio, and video creation tools. They claim that it violates various intellectual property laws and regulations.
Along with individual celebrities, the statement has garnered the approval of many organizations in the creative space. SAG-AFTRA, the American Federation of Musicians, Universal Music Group, and the International Publishers Association are just a few who signed in support.
There’s an issue of compensation as well. For instance, Meta wrote hefty paychecks to celebrities for permission to use their voices with its new Meta AI assistant. Without that, these complaints cause issues, like when OpenAI was accused of mimicking Scarlett Johansson’s voice for ChatGPT in imitation of the movie Her.
Newton-Rex knows the AI space well, having formerly worked on generative AI audio models at Stability AI. He has claimed he left partly because he believed Stability AI went too far in leaning on the fair use doctrine for training its models. He now runs Fairly Trained, which describes itself as a “non-profit certifying generative AI companies for fairer training data practices.”
Today we’re publishing a statement on AI training, signed by 10,000+ creators already:“The unlicensed use of creative works for training generative AI is a major, unjust threat to the livelihoods of the people behind those works, and must not be permitted.”Signatories include… pic.twitter.com/AqVaEThMs4October 22, 2024
AI pushback
This is far from the first such lawsuit. OpenAI alone has multiple pending cases from writers who claim ChatGPT infringed on their work, while Suno, Udio, and other AI music creators are dealing with lawsuits from the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) and major music labels. The complaints, legal and otherwise, are growing as the AI tools they rail against explode in popularity. They are a facet of the bigger ethical and regulatory questions currently unanswered around AI models and their training data.
You probably won’t notice any impact on AI tools in the short term, but the signers clearly hope to push the debate over ethical AI training to the forefront and shape the ultimate form of regulations and laws surrounding the practice. It won’t do much on its own, but in tandem with the resolution of legal challenges and new regulations, it could be a factor in how AI companies design and build their models in the years ahead or whether the current system of creative work compensation looks anything like it does today.
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Technology
Why SPADEX is crucial to India’s growing space ambitions- The Week
SPADEX (Space Docking Experiment) is one of ISRO’s most significant steps towards developing autonomous docking technology, crucial for India’s growing space ambitions. Docking systems allow two spacecraft to connect in orbit, enabling critical operations like assembling space stations, refueling, or transferring astronauts and cargo. SPADEX is key to achieving India’s long-term space exploration goals, including manned spaceflight, satellite maintenance, and future space station construction.
The mission involves two vehicles—‘Chaser’ and the ‘Target’—coming together and connecting in space. It will also test how well the combined spacecraft maintains stability and control after docking, ensuring smooth operations for future missions.
Once docked, the two spacecraft will later separate to perform additional tasks. This experiment is crucial for ISRO to develop the skills needed for advanced missions, such as human spaceflight and lunar sample returns. Mastering these docking and rendezvous techniques is essential for the success of such ambitious operations.
Hyderabad-headquartered Ananth Technologies, an aerospace and defence company, successfully completed the satellite integration project for ISRO. This also marks a private player joining the SPADEX Mission. Ananth Technologies Private Limited (ATL) successfully assembled two 400 kg satellites for ISRO and delivered them to the UR Rao Satellite Centre (URSC) in Bengaluru. This centre is responsible for designing and developing satellites for various space missions. “We have been manufacturing electronic subsystems for ISRO since 2000 and have been an integral part of every Indian space programme over the last two decades,” Subba Rao Pavuluri, chairman of ATL, said.
ALSO READ: Why ISRO’s involvement in ESA’s PROBA-3 mission is a milestone
ISRO usually builds its satellites at the URSC. However, for the first time, the complete assembly, integration and testing of satellites have been handled by an Indian private company at a private facility. This change is possible thanks to the recent space sector reforms, which provide more opportunities for private companies to participate in India’s space missions. Since the satellites have arrived at the URSC, they will soon be transported by truck to the Indian Spaceport in Sriharikota. There, they will undergo further testing, be fuelled, and be prepared for launch in the coming months.
“Docking plays a vital role in managing space stations and undertaking complex space projects. Astronauts travelling to a space station depend on precise docking to connect their spacecraft safely, allowing them to transfer smoothly between vehicles. This process ensures a secure journey and helps complete missions successfully, whether the astronauts remain in space or return to Earth,” remarked space expert Girish Linganna.
He said when two satellites approach each other at speeds of around 8 kilometres per second, they must coordinate carefully to avoid a collision. Using cameras or lasers, the lead satellite slows down to allow the trailing one to catch up smoothly. Once aligned, the two satellites connect to form a larger system. These precise connections enable more complex operations and allow multiple components to function together, expanding what can be achieved in space beyond the limits of a single satellite.
“In addition to supporting human spaceflight, docking is critical for constructing larger space structures. By connecting different spacecraft and modules, docking makes it possible to build advanced facilities in orbit and expand space exploration. Without these techniques, large-scale space projects would not be feasible,” added Linganna.
READ MORE: Ananth Technologies successfully completes satellite integration project for ISRO
ISRO has acquired two satellites, each weighing 400 kg, for a SPADEX mission. In this mission, a single rocket will launch both satellites into space, placing them in slightly different orbits. This setup is essential to test how well the satellites can approach, align and dock with each other in orbit, demonstrating key technologies for future missions.
The two satellites, travelling at about 28,000 km/h (or around 8 km per second), will carefully align with each other to perform a ‘space handshake’, where they will connect and attach mechanically, becoming a single unit in orbit. This experiment is important because mastering docking is essential for future missions, such as Chandrayaan-4 and India’s proposed Bharatiya Antariksha Space Station.
The history of docking systems dates back to the Cold War when the Soviet Union achieved the first successful docking in space. On October 30, 1967, the Soviets completed the historic docking of Kosmos 186 and *Kosmos 188—the first fully automated docking between two unmanned spacecraft. This paved the way for later space exploration efforts, including long-term stays aboard space stations. The United States followed this with the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project in 1975, which was the first international docking between NASA and the Soviet space agency, marking a new era of cooperation despite ongoing geopolitical tensions.
Docking technology has evolved considerably since then. Early systems required significant manual input from astronauts, but advances in automation have changed this dramatically. Russia’s Soyuz and Progress spacecraft, which service the ISS, have highly reliable automated docking systems. NASA’s Commercial Crew Program, which relies on spacecraft like SpaceX’s Crew Dragon, also uses automated systems, often with the International Docking System Standard (IDSS) for compatibility across different space missions. China, too, has developed its Tianzhou cargo spacecraft, which docks autonomously with the Tiangong space station, showcasing its growing sophistication in space operations.
“India’s SPADEX experiment is unique because it focuses on developing indigenous, scalable, and cost-effective docking technology. This experiment involves two spacecraft docking autonomously in orbit, demonstrating precision, navigation, and control capabilities critical for future missions. SPADEX is designed to serve a wide range of spacecraft sizes and mission objectives, including potential collaborations for building space stations or deep space exploration,” remarked Srimathy Kesan, founder and CEO of Space Kidz India, which is into design, fabrication and launch of small satellites, spacecraft and ground systems.
India is advancing in space exploration at an accelerated pace. ISRO’s recent successes, such as the Chandrayaan-3 mission, which made a soft landing on the Moon’s south pole, and the launch of Aditya-L1 to study the Sun, demonstrate the agency’s capabilities. “SPADEX aligns with these achievements, reinforcing ISRO’s long-term vision for space exploration, especially as the Gaganyaan mission approaches. Gaganyaan, India’s first manned mission scheduled for 2025, will require docking technology to ensure safe crew transfer and module operations. SPADEX is integral to this, as autonomous docking will be essential for future crewed missions, satellite servicing, and space station operations,” said Kesan.
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