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Quieting Noisy Resistors | Hackaday

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[Hans Rosenberg] has a new video talking about a nasty side effect of using resistors: noise. If you watch the video below, you’ll learn that there are two sources of resistor noise: Johnson noise, which doesn’t depend on the construction of the resistor, and 1/f noise, which does vary depending on the material and construction of the resistor.

In simple terms, some resistors use materials that cause electron flow to take different paths through the resistor. That means that different parts of the signal experience slightly different resistance values. In simple applications, it won’t matter much, but in places where noise is an important factor, the 1/f or excess noise contributes more  to errors than the Johnson noise at low frequencies.

[Hans] doesn’t just talk the math. He also built a simple test rig that lets him measure the 1/f noise with some limitations. While you might pretend that all resistors are the same, the test shows that thick film resistors produce much more noise than other types.

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The video shows some rule-of-thumb lists indicating which resistors have better noise figures than others. Of course, resistors are only one source of noise in circuits. But they are so common that it is easy to forget they aren’t as perfect as we pretend in our schematics.

Want to learn more about noise? We can help. On the other hand, noise isn’t always a bad thing.

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‘Narco-Submarine’ Carrying 4 Tons of Cocaine Captured by Mexico’s Navy

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The Mexican Navy announced on Thursday that it had seized a semi-submersible vessel carrying nearly four tons of cocaine. The seizure of 179 packages of the drug is the latest result in an effort to curb maritime trafficking of illicit substances across the Pacific Ocean—an issue also being addressed by the United States through a series of deadly attacks in the Caribbean against vessels suspected of carrying drugs.

Omar García Harfuch, Mexico’s secretary of security, reported in a post on X that the interception of the vessel—known as a “narco-submarine”—took place in Mexican waters near Manzanillo, in the state of Colima. Three people have been arrested over suspected ties to the shipment.

The Mexican navy (Semar) said that the operation involved an ocean patrol vessel, two fixed-wing aircraft, two rotary-wing aircraft, and two interceptor boats. It also received support from US Northern Command and the Joint Interagency Task Force, which provided intelligence to locate the target at sea.

Harfuch emphasized that this action adds to other seizures made during the past week, which have resulted in the confiscation of approximately 10 tons of cocaine. According to the secretary, “this represents a direct and multimillion-dollar blow to the financial structures of organized crime, preventing millions of doses from reaching the streets and protecting the safety of Mexican families.”

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Since at least last year, Semar has been monitoring a transnational network that uses the routes known as La Gorgona and El Desierto to transport narcotics and other illicit goods from Ecuador and Colombia. The route includes strategic points such as the Galápagos Islands and Clipperton Island before reaching Mexican shores, including Punta Tejupán in Michoacán. According to an investigation published by N+ Focus, the final destination of these shipments is the US market.

Criminal organizations use speedboats, submarines, and semi-submersibles, often homemade from fiberglass, to evade radar and maritime surveillance systems. Between 2023 and early 2025, monitoring and enforcement operations conducted by Semar resulted in the seizure of more than 111 tons of cocaine, 223 illegal maritime vessels, and the arrest of 476 suspected traffickers of Ecuadorian, Mexican, Colombian, and Central American nationalities.

The US government has pressured Mexico to intensify its fight against drug trafficking. Last year, the trafficking of synthetic drugs like fentanyl was used by the Trump administration as justification for imposing tariffs on Mexican imports.

Since then, Mexican president Claudia Sheinbaum has announced a tougher strategy against the cartels, which includes increased surveillance on maritime routes and borders, as well as the extradition of dozens of those convicted of drug trafficking offenses to the United States.

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For his part, US president Donald Trump launched a campaign of direct confrontation against organized crime, even in international waters. According to The New York Times, Trump instructed the Pentagon to use military assets against Latin American cartels designated as terrorist organizations, representing the most aggressive strategy of his administration in this area.

Trump’s decree aimed to establish a legal basis for conducting both maritime and land military operations in foreign territory, marking a significant shift in US security policy by assigning to the military functions traditionally reserved for law enforcement agencies.

This policy led to the first US attack on a vessel that, according to the Trump administration, was transporting drugs from Venezuela to the United States. That incident occurred on September 2 in international waters of the southern Caribbean Sea and left 11 people dead, allegedly linked to the Tren de Aragua gang. Since then, dozens of similar attacks have been recorded in the Caribbean and the Pacific, with an estimated death toll of approximately 145 people.

This story originally appeared in WIRED en Español and has been translated from Spanish.

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This is the only S’pore cafe to make the World’s 100 Best Coffee Shops list

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Apartment Coffee ranks sixth on the list & has been crowned the best coffee shop in Asia

On Monday (Feb 16), the second edition of the World’s 100 Best Coffee Shops ranking was revealed at CoffeeFest Madrid 2026.

And one Singaporean café has made the cut, ranking impressively high.

Apartment Coffee retains its sixth-place spot in the 2026 ranking, the only café from Singapore to feature on the list this year.

It holds the same position it earned in 2025, and has been crowned the best coffee shop in Asia for the second year in a row. So, who’s behind the café, and how did it manage to clinch such a prestigious award not once, but twice in a row?

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Apartment Coffee was founded in 2018

Apartment Coffee was first established along Lavender Street eight years ago, by 2018 Singapore Brewers Cup Champion, Yeo Qing He, before it moved to its current premises in Selegie in 2022. It also recently expanded to Serangoon, with the opening of Apartment Roastery in Jun 2025.

(Left): Yeo and his fellow baristas when they achieved 6th place on the World’s 100 Best Coffee Shops list in 2025; (Right): Apartment Coffee’s interior./ Image Credit: Apartment Coffee, Brandon Wong via Google Reviews

The café is well-known for its minimalist, tranquil interior of white walls and natural accents, which offers an escape from the city’s constant buzz. It has a short, curated menu that highlights the craft behind each pour-over coffee cup, from careful bean selection to precise roasting and brewing.

In fact, their beans are carefully selected firsthand during the team’s travels to renowned coffee regions like Colombia, Costa Rica, Rwanda and Kenya.

Yeo said in an interview with The Straits Times that the “focus on experience” differentiates Apartment Coffee from other local coffee shops. “This is also why we don’t do takeaways at our coffee studio,” he added.

Over the years, the café has amassed numerous accolades, including second place in the Singapore Brewers Cup 2022 and first place at the Singapore Roaster Forum 2019. Its sixth-place finish in the 2026 World’s 100 Best Coffee Shops ranking is the latest addition to its growing list of achievements.

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Other notable mentions

The World’s 100 Best Coffee Shops List is an annual event that ranks cafés around the globe across nine criteria, including the quality of coffee, the barista expertise, sustainability practices, consistency and innovation.

It has quickly earned a reputation as the coffee world’s equivalent of the Michelin Guide. The event’s credibility stems from a transparent voting system that combines expert opinions (70%) with public opinion (30%), alongside a nomination and final selection process.

Given how well-loved Apartment Coffee is, it wouldn’t be surprising if the café makes the list a third time in the coming year.

Apart from Apartment Coffee, there are other notable mentions, including 14 cafés from Asia that made the 2026 World’s 100 Best Coffee Shops list.

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Among the highest-ranking Asian entries are Malaysia’s Story Of Ono in Petaling Jaya, which climbed one spot to eighth this year.

South Korea’s Momos Coffee Flagship Store ranks 22nd, while Japan’s Ult Coffee comes in at 24th. Last year’s honorees also return, including Japan’s Koffee Mameya Kakeru (28th), China’s Espresso Alchemy (31st), and the Philippines’ Yardstick (34th).

Taiwan maintains a strong presence with four newcomers: Coffee Sind (36th), Keep Coffee Roastery (46th), Tomorrow Coffee Roasters (57th), and Coffee Stopover Black (78th).

Other first-time entrants include South Korea’s Ruli Coffee (51st), Thailand’s Fika & Co. Cafe (61st), and Malaysia’s Coffee Stain in Kuala Lumpur (84th).

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  • Find out more about Apartment Coffee here.
  • Read other articles we’ve written on Singaporean businesses here.

Featured Image Credit: Apartment Coffee/ Daryl “Dino” via Google Reviews

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How to watch BAFTAs 2026 for FREE

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The British Academy Film Awards are the British equivalent of the Oscars, and so Hollywood heavy-hitters Benicio Del Toro, Emma Stone, Ethan Hawke, Leonardo DiCaprio, Michael B. Jordan, Timothee Chalamet and Stellan Skarsgard have confirmed that they will be there in the flesh. It’s Hamnet‘s Irish duo of Jessie Buckley and Paul Mescal, however, who could end up stealing the show at London’s Royal Festival Hall this Sunday.

You can watch BAFTAs 2026 online from anywhere with a VPN and potentially for free.

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Microsoft’s new RTO policy starts Feb. 23, bringing Seattle-area workers back 3 days a week

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A keychain in the Microsoft company store awaits one of the company’s returning commuters. (GeekWire Photo / Todd Bishop)

Remember that return-to-office mandate Microsoft announced last fall? It’s almost here.

Monday, Feb. 23 — yes, next week! — will mark the start of the company’s new policy requiring Puget Sound (a.k.a. Seattle-area) employees who live within 50 miles of a Microsoft office to show up at least three days a week, the company confirmed in response to GeekWire’s inquiry.

It’s a big shift for one of Big Tech’s last holdouts on flexible work. It’s also a potentially significant development for local traffic, given that there are more than 50,000 Microsoft employees in the Seattle region, at last count.

“Gird your loins and prepare for a potentially longer commute,” the Bellevue Chamber wrote in its newsletter, in an item titled, “Get Your Booty Back to Work: Microsoft’s Turn.”

The good news: Sound Transit’s Crosslake Connection is set to open March 28, finally linking Seattle and the Eastside by light rail across Lake Washington — connecting downtown Seattle to downtown Bellevue and the Redmond Technology station at Microsoft headquarters.

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The Seattle-area rollout is the first phase, with other U.S. offices next and international locations later this year. The policy replaces Microsoft’s previous hybrid arrangement, which let most employees work remotely up to half the time without manager approval. 

The company isn’t dictating from above which three days people will need to be in the office. Specifics are left to individual teams and managers. Some groups may require more than three days, and certain customer-facing roles like field sales and consultants are exempt.

The mandate brings Microsoft in line with Google and Facebook parent Meta, which have similar three-day requirements. Amazon, the region’s other tech giant, went further last year, requiring employees to be back in the office five days a week.

In her memo to employees last September, Microsoft EVP and Chief People Officer Amy Coleman said the change isn’t about cutting headcount. “It’s about working together in a way that enables us to meet our customers’ needs,” she wrote. 

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Still, the mandate could impact the workforce through attrition, consistent with what has happened at other companies that have implemented tighter RTO policies. The new policy comes after Microsoft cut more than 15,000 jobs globally last year.

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Ask Slashdot: What’s Your Boot Time?

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How much time does it take to even begin booting, asks long-time Slashdot reader BrendaEM. Say you want separate Windows and Linux boot processes, and “You have Windows on one SSD/NVMe, and Linux on another. How long do you have to wait for a chance to choose a boot drive?”

And more importantly, why is it all taking so long?
In a world of 4-5 GHz CPU’s that are thousands of times faster than they were, has hardware become thousands of times more complicated, to warrant the longer start time? Is this a symptom of a larger UEFI bloat problem? Now with memory characterization on some modern motherboards… how long do you have to wait to find out if your RAM is incompatible, or your system is dead on arrival?

Share your own experiences (and system specs) in the comments. How long is it taking you to choose a boot drive?

And what’s your boot time?

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Men’s Ice Hockey Final at Winter Olympics 2026 Free Streams: USA vs Canada

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Sunday’s men’s ice hockey final live stream at the 2026 Winter Olympics sees the curtain brought down on this year’s games with one of its most-anticipated events – a rematch of the thrilling women’s final between USA vs Canada just a few days ago.

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Why Chains Are Still Better For Bicycles Than Belts

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Theoretically a belt drive makes for a great upgrade to a bicycle, as it replaces the heavier, noisy and relatively maintenance-heavy roller chain with a zero-maintenance, whisper-quiet and extremely reliable belt that’s rated at an amazing 20-30,000 km before needing a replacement. Of course, that’s the glossy marketing brochure version of reality, which differed significantly from what [Tristan Ridley] experienced whilst cycling around the globe.

Although initially he was rather happy with his bike, its sealed car-like Pinion gearbox and Gates carbon belt drive system, while out in the wilds of Utah he had a breakdown when the belt snapped. When the spare belt that he had carried with him for the past months also snapped minutes later after fitting it on, it made him decide to switch back to the traditional bush roller chain.

Despite this type of chain drive tracing its roots all the way back to Leonardo da Vinci, they actually offer many advantages over the fancy carbon-fiber-reinforced polyurethane belt. Although with the Pinion gearbox the inability to use a derailleur gearing system is no big deal, [Tristan] found that the ‘zero maintenance’ part of the belt was not true for less hospitable roads

Anyone up for some tasty peanut butter? (Credit: Tristan Ridley, YouTube)
Anyone up for some tasty peanut butter? (Credit: Tristan Ridley, YouTube)

A big issue was that of abrasive dust, which created a very noisy coating on the belt that’d have to be regularly cleaned off with precious water, or by having silicone lubricant sprayed on the belt. Even with all that care he found that the belt would snap after about 8,000 km, well below the rated endurance.

When it came to super-sticky mud, called peanut butter mud for good reasons, he found that chains also cope much better with this, as the mud will just squeeze out of the chain and be forced off the sprocket, whereas the belt will happily keep compacting the mud onto the contact surfaces, increasing belt tension and requiring constant cleaning to not become hopelessly stuck.

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The Utah breakdown also showed why these belts are actually very fragile: the replacement belt had been packed away folded-up for a few months at that point in the luggage, and during storage the carbon fibers had become compromised to the point where the belt just snapped after a few minutes of use. A metal chain will happily be stored away for as long as you can keep it away from corrosion, and fold up very compactly.

Another awesome feature of roller chains is that they’re super-modular, allowing you to carry spare links and such with you for in-the-field repairs, while even the most remote bicycle store in any country can help you out with maintenance and repairs, unlike the special and highly custom belts that need to be shipped in by courier.

Of all the bicycle technologies that [Tristan] has used, it seems that only this drive belt has been an outright disappointment. The sealed gearbox would seem to be a massive improvement over finicky derailleurs, and hydraulic brakes are reliable and common enough that they haven’t been an issue so far.

His conclusion is that bicycle drive belts are fine if you do city driving, where they probably will last the rated kilometers, but they rapidly fall apart in even slightly adverse conditions.

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McCoy Tyner Quartet’s 1991 “New York Reunion” Album Reemerges on 2LP Pink One Step Pressed 180-gram Vinyl: Review

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A 180-gram “one step” vinyl reissue of a 1991 release from noted audiophile label Chesky Records featuring jazz legends McCoy Tyner, Joe Henderson, Ron Carter and Al Foster is a good reason to celebrate music and life. It is a reminder of why great recordings and great players still matter.

The performances within New York Reunion are lush, relaxed and overall exemplary, capturing iconic seasoned musicians in an intimate studio setting with then state of the art recording technology. On the album cover, it states that the album was “recorded using a specially modified microphone with all tube Manley Reference electronics by David Manley from Vacuum Tube Logic Of America”  It goes on to say that it was “recorded with minimalist techniques and without overdubbing or artificial enhancement to ensure the purest and most natural sound possible.”

mccoy-tyner-new-york-reunion-hype-sticker

Crafted using the increasingly popular “one step” process, which reduces the number of plating stages required to press a record and can improve overall fidelity, this reissue comes with a strong technical pedigree. The opaque pink vinyl pressing is generally quiet, well centered, and free of obvious surface issues.

mccoy-tyner-new-york-reunion-liner-notes

This is a fine sounding all-digital recording of outstanding musicians playing together effortlessly. Perhaps too effortlessly at times. Feel wise, I’m reminded at points of those later period Oscar Peterson CDs on Telarc which at times sounded somehow too pristine and spotless for my tastes (and I say this as a pretty deep Peterson fan). Yet there are no doubt many lovely performances throughout New York Reunion such as Mr. Henderson’s extended solo sax intro (and outro) on Side 3’s “Ask Me Now” before Mr. Tyner comes in for an extended duet essentially.

mccoy-tyner-new-york-reunion-cd

Generally, I’ve enjoyed New York Reunion. My only question (not a complaint) is whether this pressing might have benefitted from some more empathetic mastering for vinyl? Don’t get me wrong, it sounds good: clean, crisp, and natural. I just wish it leaned a touch warmer. That said, considering the explicit commitment to avoiding “artificial enhancement” which would include equalization, this feels like one of those “it is what it is” scenarios.

Based on available online information, this new 2LP limited edition of 2,000 copies appears to mark the first time the complete New York Reunion album—all eight tracks originally issued on a single CD in 1992—has been released on vinyl. Earlier vinyl editions from 1992 and 2016 do exist, but those appear to have been single LP versions rather than the full 2LP presentation.

mccoy-tyner-new-york-reunion-prior-lps

At the time of this review The McCoy Tyner Quartet’s New York Reunion can be found easily on Amazon. I have not seen any indication of whether a standard (and perhaps less pricey) black vinyl edition will be available in the future.

Where to buy: $69.98 at Amazon

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Mark Smotroff is a deep music enthusiast / collector who has also worked in entertainment oriented marketing communications for decades supporting the likes of DTS, Sega and many others. He reviews vinyl for Analog Planet and has written for Audiophile Review, Sound+Vision, Mix, EQ, etc.  You can learn more about him at LinkedIn.)

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If you want a transparent iPhone Air with a SIM slot, it'll cost you

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A transparent iPhone Air with a working SIM slot looked like a hardware hack for the ages, but it also showed exactly what got sacrificed when factory design margins disappeared.

Close-up transparent smartphone back showing internal components, including a large camera lens, flash module, circuit boards, screws, and metallic parts arranged symmetrically against a dark backgroundiPhone Air

In a new video, YouTuber Linzin took viewers on a 22-minute journey through Huaqiangbei, China’s famous electronics market. There, technicians worked their magic by laser-stripping the rear glass of an iPhone Air for a see-through effect.
They didn’t stop there and milled space for a SIM slot directly into the frame. They also handled delicate board-level microsoldering to make the eSIM-only iPhone Air work with a physical SIM card.
The modified phone powered on, connected to a carrier, and worked just fine. It did run hotter under load and lost its water resistance.
Continue Reading on AppleInsider | Discuss on our Forums

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HiBy W4 is Portable Bluetooth DAC Amp for only $99

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HiBy might not have household recognition in the U.S., but the company isn’t exactly new to this game. With 15 years of experience building digital audio players and portable electronics, and a HiByMusic app ecosystem that spans 100 countries with more than 3 million users on iOS and Android, the brand has quietly built serious infrastructure behind the scenes. Now it’s aiming a little more directly at the portable DAC and headphone amplifier crowd with the release of the HiBy W4.

The W4 is a Bluetooth enabled portable DAC and headphone amplifier designed to handle both wired and wireless hi resolution playback in one compact chassis. That matters because the appetite for Bluetooth capable DAC and headphone amps that can properly decode hi res formats and deliver enough output for modern IEMs and reasonably efficient headphones continues to grow. We saw that firsthand with the iFi GO Blu Air, which impressed us with its balance of sound quality, usable power, and everyday practicality.

hiby-w4-portable-bluetooth-amp-iems

HiBy’s pitch with the W4 is similar in concept: fashionable industrial design, dual mode operation, and enough decoding and amplification muscle to make streaming from a smartphone feel less like a compromise and more like a system choice. Whether it can stand out in an increasingly competitive under $250 portable hi-fi segment is the real question.

The HiBy W4 features a flexible physical design that supports both clip on use and magnetic attachment for on the go listening. Its integrated magnetic system allows it to attach directly to compatible smartphones or MagSafe style phone cases, functioning much like a MagSafe accessory for a cleaner, cable managed setup.

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Uncharge Mode switch

The W4’s Uncharge Mode shifts the power source to USB operation, isolating the unit from the connected smartphone so it does not draw from the phone’s battery. In addition to preserving battery life, this separation can also help reduce electrical interference from the handset.

The W4 includes a built in 1500 mAh battery to support extended playback sessions, and Uncharge Mode is engaged using a dedicated button located on the left side of the chassis.

On the inside, the HiBy W4 has dual Cirrus Logic CS43198  DAC chips, paired with dual headphone amplifiers. The DACs support PCM up to 768kHz/32-bit and native DSD512. 

The HiBy W4 employs dual low phase noise active crystal oscillators operating at 45.1584 MHz and 49.152 MHz to support more accurate clocking and stable audio playback across common sampling rates.

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Connectivity includes both 3.5 mm single ended and 4.4 mm balanced stereo outputs. In balanced mode, the W4 delivers up to 475 mW of output power, driven by dual SGM8262 amplifier chips. That is a substantial figure for a device in this category and nearly double the balanced 4.4 mm output we measured from the iFi GO Blu Air. It provides enough headroom for a wide range of in ear monitors and many relatively efficient over ear headphones, giving the W4 more flexibility than ultra sensitive IEM duty alone.

For wireless performance, the HiBy W4 incorporates a Qualcomm QCC5181 chipset, supporting Bluetooth 5.4, with codec support for Snapdragon Sound, aptX Adaptive, aptX Lossless, aptX HD, LDAC, AAC, and SBC.

The HiBy W4 is positioned as a stylish everyday carry accessory, pairing a black front display with a contrasting, brightly colored rear module that makes it stand out at a glance.

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A 2-inch touch screen provides full device control and can display album artwork when operating in Bluetooth mode. Users can manage pairing, playback, and system settings directly from the W4 itself, reducing the need to constantly reach for a smartphone and creating a more self contained, user friendly experience.

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HiBy W4 Specifications

HiBy Model  W4
Product Type Portable HiFi Bluetooth Headphone Amplifier
Price $99
Body Materials  Aluminum Alloy + ABS
Bluetooth Chip QCC5181
DAC Dual CS43198
Supported Audio Specifications DSD512, PCM 768kHz
Bluetooth Version 5.4
Bluetooth Codec Support aptX Adaptive,aptX lossless, aptX-HD, aptX, LDAC, AAC, SBC
Bluetooth Range 10 Meters
USB Input Yes
Control Methods Touch Screen, Physical Buttons, Voice Prompt
Headphone Jacks 3.5mm (CTIA Standard)

4.4mm Balanced Jack

Microphone  Supported via 3.5mm Headphone Jack
cVc Noise Reduction Supported via 3.5mm Headphone Jack
Remote Control Supported via 3.5mm Headphone Jack
NFC (Near Field Communication) Yes
Power Follow Mode Yes
Battery Capacity 1500 mAh
Battery Life 3.5mm: 6.3 hours

4.4mm: 5 hours

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Continuous AAC Playback

Dimensions (excluding clip) 66.15 x 65.1 x 21.5 mm

2.06 x 2.56 x 0.85 inches

Weight  93.3 Grams / 3 ounces
Color Options White, Orange, Cyan, Black, Yellow, Green

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The Bottom Line 

There is no shortage of portable Bluetooth-enabled DAC/AMPs, and the category now stretches from basic sub-$100 dongles to feature-heavy models approaching $1,000. At $99, the HiBy W4 lands at the aggressive low end of that spectrum but brings a feature set that is not typical at this price.

Support for aptX Lossless and LDAC gives it legitimate hi-res wireless credibility, while dual oscillators, balanced 4.4mm output rated at up to 475mW, and a built-in 1500mAh battery push it beyond entry-level expectations. The integrated 2-inch touch screen also sets it apart from competitors like the iFi GO Blu Air, which relies entirely on a smartphone for visual feedback and navigation. Some listeners may prefer controlling everything from their phone anyway, especially when switching between streaming platforms, but the W4 at least gives users the option of direct, on-device control without guesswork.

Add in the magnetic MagSafe-style attachment, clip-on portability, and a Car-Optimized Mode accessible through the HiByBlue app, and the W4 starts to look less like a budget experiment and more like a calculated move into the mainstream portable hi-fi space.

Who is this for? Smartphone listeners who want true hi-res Bluetooth support, enough power for serious IEMs and efficient headphones, and a self-contained interface without spending several hundred dollars. At $99, it is positioned squarely for commuters, students, travelers, and anyone building a compact everyday-carry audio setup without sacrificing codec support or balanced output. That is a hard combination to ignore at this price.

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Price & Availability

The HiBy W4 is available for $99 USD via HiBy’s official online store and Linsoul.

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