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The hidden problem with crypto ETFs

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Brian Huang

Disclosure: The views and opinions expressed here belong solely to the author and do not represent the views and opinions of crypto.news’ editorial.

ETFs have been one of modern finance’s greatest innovations. They changed investing for millions of everyday people by making diversified investing liquid and accessible. They were products of off-chain financial infrastructure, optimized for the world in which they were conceived.

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Summary

  • Crypto ETFs are legacy wrappers for digital-native assets — they strip ownership rights, block onchain utility, limit trading hours, and charge high fees while offering only price exposure.
  • Direct ownership enables personalization and compounding — onchain portfolios allow customizable weights, tax optimization, yield strategies, governance participation, and 24/7 automated rebalancing.
  • The future is onchain direct indexing, not tokenized wrappers — smart contracts can replace middlemen, preserve asset utility, and deliver diversified investing without sacrificing control or flexibility.

And that’s the problem: ETFs weren’t built for the onchain world. They were designed for markets that close daily, for settlements that take days, for a system dependent on middlemen to execute creations and redemptions. Layer on high fees and static composition, and what once made sense now looks increasingly outdated. 

We’re in a new era where assets have utility beyond just governance and dividends, where transactions are programmable and executed by code — not people — and where wealth can be grown onchain. It begs the question: why wrap next-generation assets in last century’s designs?​​ Crypto ETFs don’t move the model forward — they retrofit onchain assets into legacy financial structures.

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Giving up more than you realize

When you buy an ETF, you own a wrapper around the assets — not the underlying assets themselves. The ETF issuer holds the actual assets, stripping the rights and benefits that come with ownership from you. The Big Three — BlackRock, Vanguard, and State Street — account for almost 60% of global ETFs with over $11 trillion in assets, wielding enormous voting power on your behalf. Most ETF investors have no say in how the companies they invest in are governed.

This problem gets worse in crypto, where assets often bestow staking rewards, governance rights, airdrops, lending opportunities, and other token utility when you hold the asset directly. Crypto ETFs may track price, but they don’t pass through the onchain benefits of direct ownership.

Crypto ETF investors also can’t trade when equity markets are closed, despite spot crypto markets operating 24/7. This inequality leaves ETF investors offside during any overnight volatility. Then come the limitations on asset inclusion. Investors are given pre-packaged options with no room for personalization. Not only do ETFs not exist for most cryptocurrencies, but the ETFs that do exist may include tokens you don’t believe in — or would prefer to exclude. 

Finally, the biggest downside for investors is the fees, which have driven unprecedented profits for issuers like BlackRock. Grayscale’s Bitcoin ETF charges 150 basis points. To put that in context, that’s 15 times the fee of SPY, the most popular ETF that tracks the S&P 500. For retail investors, this means paying ongoing ETF fees for limited exposure, even though they could buy and hold Bitcoin (BTC) directly on platforms like Coinbase without any custody costs.

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Closing the personalization gap 

High-net-worth investors avoid ETFs as part of their core holdings. Instead, they replicate the index by buying the underlying stocks directly (a process called direct indexing). Not only does this give them voting rights, but it also unlocks something much more important: tax optimization. When you own the underlying assets, you can choose which ones to buy or sell, and when. During tax season, this control matters — hold the winners, sell the losers, then use those losses to offset gains. Meanwhile, ETF investors can only buy or sell the entire index. 

But the real breakthrough is onchain personalization. Portfolios can be built with customizable weights and exclusion lists, dynamic reallocation to new assets, immediately rebalance on dips, and decide when and how an individual asset sells, rather than having them stuck in an ETF wrapper. With onchain assets, this flexibility means choosing where to lend and earn yield at the asset level, which was never an option off-chain. The decimalization of onchain assets means anyone can now direct index, whether you’re investing $10 or $10 million. 

The infrastructure already exists to do this better. High-throughput blockchains like Base or Solana (SOL) make this kind of continuous, automated management practical with near-zero fees. Smart contracts are the new middle manager, automating portfolio management while you maintain ownership. They run continuously, executing strategies 24/7 without manual intervention. Unlike the clunky UX that defined early crypto, the new generation of systems hides all the complex steps under the hood, abstracting gas fees, signing multiple transactions, and cross-chain bridging.

Accessibility as a handicap

Crypto ETF evangelists say they make crypto more accessible through familiarity and regulatory clarity. It feels safer to buy something through existing brokerage accounts presented by legacy institutions. But accessibility shouldn’t require giving up the core benefits of an investment. Crypto investors shouldn’t have to choose between traditional interfaces and actual ownership, and that’s what the next generation of crypto apps needs to offer: the same familiarity and safety as traditional brokerage accounts with a much-needed focus on long-term diversified investing. The ease of buying an ETF will be the same as buying a custom, direct-indexed ETF built onchain. Investors won’t have to surrender control, transparency, and the ability to use their assets for governance or lending.

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There have been some attempts at onchain solutions, such as tokenized ETFs, but most just replicate the wrapper model. The problem is that once tokenized, trading of that ETF is bound by the liquidity of the wrapper and not the liquidity of the underlying. For example, Bitcoin and Ethereum (ETH) have deep liquidity, whereas a tokenized 50/50 BTC and ETH index doesn’t. These tokenized ETFs miss the point entirely by trying to offer outdated financial primitives to an audience that is deeply crypto-native and aware of the utility that comes from direct ownership. The wrapper is the wrong model.

Crypto’s new destination

Between 2024 and 2025, the global ETF market grew from $11.5 trillion to over $15 trillion, and projections suggest it will reach $30 trillion by 2030. I see a different world: the world’s assets are moving onchain and can finally be freed from their wrappers. The future gives every investor direct ownership of their assets without middlemen and all of the novel utility that comes with ownership — a world where portfolios are automated, executed cross-chain seamlessly, and built for digital-native assets.

ETFs were brilliant for their time, solving real problems that existed in the 1990s — but we’re not living in the past century anymore. Instead of trying to adapt ETFs for crypto, we should be building new tools for the future of finance. The infrastructure for this new reality already exists. We just need the courage to use it.

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Brian Huang

Brian Huang

Brian Huang is the cofounder and CEO of Glider. He’s a recognized figure in the world of high-frequency trading, having worked at the world-class trading firm XTX Markets, focusing on low-latency machine learning based strategies. After XTX, he led the product development of Anchorage Digital’s trading systems, which are used by some of the largest institutions in the world. Brian first touched crypto in 2015 as part of the infamous Bitcoin Project at MIT, where he also graduated with dual degrees in Computer Science and Management.

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Crypto World

Solana Price Could Fall to $65 as Unstaking Surges 150%

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Staking Collapses

The Solana price remains under heavy pressure in early February, with the token down nearly 30% over the past 30 days and trading inside a weakening descending channel. Price continues to grind toward the lower boundary of this structure as long-term conviction fades.

At the same time, net staking activity has collapsed, exchange buying has slowed, and short-term traders are building positions again. Together, these signals suggest that more SOL is becoming available for potential selling just as technical support weakens.

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Staking Collapse Meets Descending Channel Breakdown Risk

Solana’s latest weakness is being reinforced by a sharp drop in staking activity. The Solana staking difference metric tracks the weekly net change in SOL locked in native staking accounts. Positive values show new staking, while negative readings indicate net unstaking.

In late November, long-term conviction was strong. During the week ending November 24, staking accounts recorded net inflows of over 6.34 million SOL, marking a major accumulation phase.

That trend has now fully reversed. By mid-January, weekly staking flows had turned negative. The week ending January 19 showed net unstaking of around –449,819 SOL. By February 2, this had worsened to –1,155,788 SOL, a surge of roughly 150% in unstaking within two weeks.

Staking Collapses
Staking Collapses: Dune

Want more token insights like this? Sign up for Editor Harsh Notariya’s Daily Crypto Newsletter here.

This means a growing amount of SOL is being unlocked from staking and returned to liquid circulation. Once unstaked, these tokens can be moved to exchanges and sold immediately, increasing downside risk.

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This collapse is happening as price trades near the lower edge of its descending channel with a 30% breakdown possibility in play.

Bearish SOL Price Structure
Bearish SOL Price Structure: TradingView

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With SOL hovering near $96, the combination of technical weakness and rising liquid supply creates a dangerous setup. If selling accelerates, the channel support may not hold.

Exchange Buying Slows as Speculators Increase Exposure

Falling staking activity is now being reflected in exchange flows. Exchange Net Position Change tracks how much SOL moves onto or off exchanges over a rolling 30-day period. Negative values indicate net outflows and accumulation, while rising readings signal slowing demand.

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On February 1, this metric stood near –2.25 million SOL, showing strong buying pressure. By February 3, it had weakened to around –1.66 million SOL. In just two days, exchange outflows dropped by nearly 26%, signaling that accumulation has slowed.

Exchange Outflow Slows Down
Exchange Outflow Slows Down: Glassnode

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This decline in buying is occurring as unstaking accelerates, increasing the amount of SOL available for trading. When supply rises while demand weakens, the price becomes more vulnerable to sharp declines.

At the same time, speculative activity is rising.

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HODL Waves data, which separates wallets based on holding time, shows that the one-day to one-week cohort increased its share from 3.51% to 5.06% between February 2 and February 3. This group represents short-term Solana holders who typically enter during volatility and exit quickly.

Speculative Cohort Buys
Speculative Cohort Buys: Glassnode

Similar behavior appeared in late January. On January 27, this cohort held 5.26% of the supply when SOL traded near $127. By January 30, their share dropped to 4.31% as the price fell to $117, a decline of nearly 8%.

This pattern suggests that speculative money is positioning for short-term bounces rather than long-term holding, increasing the risk that bounces will fade.

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Key Solana Price Levels Still Point to $65 Risk

Technical structure continues to mirror the weakness seen in on-chain data. SOL remains locked inside a descending channel that has guided price lower since November. After losing the critical $98 support zone, the price is now trading near $96, close to the channel’s lower boundary.

If this support fails, the next major downside target lies near $67, based on Fibonacci projections. A deeper move could extend toward $65, aligning with the full measured 30% breakdown of the channel.

On the upside, recovery remains difficult. The first level that Solana must reclaim is $98, followed by stronger resistance near $117, which capped multiple rallies in January. A sustained move above $117 would be required to neutralize the bearish structure.

Solana Price Analysis
Solana Price Analysis: TradingView

Until then, downside risks remain elevated.

With staking collapsing, exchange buying weakening, and speculative positioning rising, more SOL is entering circulation just as technical support weakens. Unless long-term accumulation returns, Solana remains vulnerable to a deeper correction toward $65.

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Lawsuits are piling up against Binance over Oct. 10

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Lawsuits are piling up against Binance over Oct. 10

Social media sentiment continues to turn against Binance for its alleged role in crypto liquidations on October 10.

Immediately after October 10, traders were already threatening legal action. However, this year, new lawsuits and arbitrations look to be underway, along with numerous other complaints and legal setbacks.

A simple chart of crypto asset prices illustrates the reason for the dogpile of complaints against Binance.

Following months of clear correlation with broad indices like the S&P 500 and Nasdaq 100, crypto decoupled precisely on October 10 — and has trended downward ever since.

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Total crypto market capitalization vs. S&P 500 and Nasdaq 100. Source: TradingView

Read more: Binance’s $1B BTC buy fails to win back trust after Oct. 10

October 10 auto-deLeveraging

As the world’s largest crypto exchange, Binance had a unique role to play in October 10.

For example, flash-crash prices as low as 99.9% existed only on the exchange on that date, and it had just changed its pricing feeds and treatment of a major stablecoin, Ethena USDE.

Wintermute CEO Evgeny Gaevoy called Binance’s Auto-DeLeveraging prices “very strange,”  while Ark Invest’s Cathie Wood blamed billions in crypto liquidations on a Binance “software glitch.”

A post with millions of impressions also called out errors in Binance’s pricing oracles for cross-margin unified accounts.

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Ethena USDE played a particularly important role in Binance’s October 10 liquidations. After crashing to less than $0.67 on Binance, USDE has regained its $1 peg but has shed more than half its market capitalization since 10/10.

Binance attempts to restore confidence

Without admitting to responsibility, Binance nonetheless quickly — and voluntarily — agreed to pay huge sums of money to customers that suffered losses on that date.

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Shortly after the event, Binance announced $328 million in compensation plus another $400 million worth of loans and vouchers.

In another attempt restore confidence amid the bearish knock-on effects of October 10, Binance announced in late January 2026 that it would use its entire $1 billion SAFU (Secure Asset Fund for Users) emergency reserve to buy bitcoin (BTC) over a 30-day period.

It has not helped much. The giant BTC buy failed to win back its fans-turned-critics, with negative topics about Binance still trending on social media on a nearly daily basis.

As pressure continues to build over the exchange’s role in the historic liquidation event, founder Changpeng Zhao has blamed fake social media and unrelated bitcoin traders for bearishness.

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He also attempted to divert blame from Binance onto Donald Trump for the crash, saying, “It’s pretty clear that the tariff announcements preceded the crash, not Binance system issues or Binance doing anything.”

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Wall Street giant CME Group is eyeing its own ‘CME Coin,’ CEO says

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Wall Street giant CME Group is eyeing its own 'CME Coin,' CEO says

CME Group CEO Terry Duffy has suggested the derivatives giant is exploring launching its own cryptocurrency.

In response to a question from Morgan Stanley’s Michael Cyprys during the company’s latest earnings call, Duffy confirmed the firm is exploring “initiatives with our own coin that we could potentially put on a decentralized network.”

The comment was brief and came in response to a question about the role of tokenized collateral. In response, Duffy first noted that the world’s largest derivatives exchange is carefully reviewing different forms of margin.

“So if you were to give me a token from a systemically important financial institution, I would probably be more comfortable than maybe a third or fourth-tier bank trying to issue a token for margin,” Duffy said. “Not only are we looking at tokenized cash, we’re looking at different initiatives with our own coin.”

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The company is already working on a “tokenized cash” solution with Google that’s set to come out later this year and will involve a depository bank facilitating transactions. The “own coin” Duffy referenced appears to be a different token that the firm could “potentially put on a decentralized network for other of our industry participants to use.”

The CME declined to clarify whether this “coin” would function as a stablecoin, settlement token or something else entirely when asked by CoinDesk.

However, if such an initiative goes through, the implications are significant.

While CME Group has previously flagged tokenization as a general area of interest, CEO Terry Duffy’s comments this week mark the first time the exchange has explicitly floated the concept of a proprietary, CME-issued asset running on a decentralized network.

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The firm is set to launch 24/7 trading for all crypto futures in the second quarter of the year, and is also set to soon offer cardano, chainlink and stellar futures contracts.

CME’s average daily crypto trading volume hit $12 billion last year, with its micro-ether and micro-bitcoin futures contracts being top performers.

The launch wouldn’t make CME the first traditional finance giant to launch its own token. JPMorgan has recently rolled out tokenized deposits on Coinbase’s layer-2 blockchain Base via its so-called JPM Coin (JPMD), quietly rewiring how Wall Street moves money.

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Bitnomial Lists First US-regulated Tezos Futures

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XRP, Derivatives, Tezos, Bitcoin Futures, Cardano, Futures

The Chicago-based cryptocurrency exchange Bitnomial has launched futures tied to Tezos’s XTZ token, marking the first time the asset has a futures market on a US Commodity Futures Trading Commission-regulated exchange.

According to Wednesday’s announcement, the futures contracts are live and allow institutional and retail traders to gain exposure to XTZ (XTZ) price movements using either cryptocurrency or US dollars as margin.

Futures contracts let traders hedge risk or gain price exposure by agreeing to buy or sell an asset at a set price on a future date, without holding the asset itself.

Regulated futures markets are often viewed as a prerequisite for broader institutional participation in the US, including potential spot exchange-traded funds (ETFs), because they provide standardized price discovery and oversight under the CFTC.

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