Cloudflare Outage Causes Worldwide Disruptions, Highlighting Vulnerabilities in Internet Infrastructure

A widespread Cloudflare outage on Tuesday briefly disrupted access to major websites across the globe, highlighting how dependent the modern internet has become on a handful of behind-the-scenes infrastructure providers.

Key takeaways

• A Cloudflare outage briefly disrupted access to major global websites, exposing the internet’s reliance on a few critical infrastructure providers.
• The incident was caused by an oversized configuration file that crashed core traffic-handling software, not by a cyberattack.
• The disruption follows other recent outages, raising concerns about the concentration and fragility of global internet infrastructure.

In Thailand, numerous local businesses, government portals, and media websites experienced delays or downtime. Companies using Cloudflare DNS — including Thailand Business News — saw temporary connectivity failures when DNS resolution began timing out across Cloudflare’s affected data centers.

Cloudflare, the California-based firm that defends millions of websites from cyberattacks while accelerating their traffic, reported issues beginning at 11.48am London time.

The company did not immediately specify the cause, but the disruption resulted in error messages for users trying to access numerous sites, and it prevented some website operators from logging into their performance dashboards.

Outage monitoring service Downdetector simultaneously recorded elevated problems at platforms including X and OpenAI, suggesting knock-on effects across the web.

By mid-afternoon, Cloudflare said it had implemented a fix and believed the incident was resolved. “We are continuing to monitor for errors to ensure all services are back to normal,” the company said. A spokesperson issued a rare apology “to our customers and the internet in general for letting you down today,” adding that lessons from the outage would be incorporated into future safeguards.

As engineers worked to restore stability, Cloudflare temporarily disabled its Warp encryption service for users in London, acknowledging that those attempting to browse via Warp would be unable to connect. Warp is one of several security and performance tools the company provides to organizations and consumers.

Cybersecurity experts say Cloudflare’s influence is far greater than many users realize. Prof Alan Woodward of the University of Surrey’s Centre for Cyber Security described the company as “the biggest company you’ve never heard of,” calling it a “gatekeeper” that filters traffic, blocks malicious activity, and absorbs massive distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks intended to overwhelm websites.

Later in the day, Cloudflare clarified the root cause: an automatically generated configuration file used to manage threat traffic had grown beyond its intended size. This triggered a crash in critical software that handles traffic for numerous Cloudflare services. The company stressed that there was “no evidence this was the result of an attack or malicious activity.”

Cloudflare warned that some services might experience brief degradation as normal traffic levels resumed. The incident follows a major Amazon Web Services outage less than a month ago, adding to concerns about the concentration of global internet infrastructure within a small group of companies. This has reignited debates about the vulnerability of the internet’s backbone and the risks associated with relying on a handful of major providers. Experts are calling for greater diversification and resilience in the infrastructure to mitigate the impact of such outages in the future.