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Vietnam’s rise and Thailand’s inequality problem

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Vietnam’s rise and Thailand’s inequality problem

The article “Richer, Faster—But for Whom? Vietnam’s rise and Thailand’s inequality problem” examines the divergent economic development paths of Vietnam and Thailand, focusing on the concept of “Pro-Poor Growth” from an institutional economics perspective. It highlights a noticeable shift in Thai public sentiment, from urgency to resignation or even encouragement, regarding Vietnam’s economic progress and its potential to surpass Thailand.

The core argument is that institutions—rules, norms, and governance structures—are crucial in determining who benefits from economic growth, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) alone is insufficient to measure improvements in quality of life for all segments of society. Pro-Poor Growth is defined as economic growth that disproportionately benefits the poor or significantly reduces poverty.

Vietnam’s Experience: Growth with Redistribution

Vietnam’s success in sustained poverty reduction post-1986 Doi Moi reforms, which transitioned it from a centrally planned to a market-oriented economy, is attributed to its “Growth with Redistribution” strategy. Key factors include:

  • Land Reform and Human Capital: Dismantling collective farming and restoring land-use rights to households, alongside significant investment in human capital through the “Education for All” program to prepare unskilled labor for foreign direct investment (FDI).
  • Structural Economic Shift: A systematic move from agriculture to manufacturing and services, with a strong emphasis on generating employment for unskilled labor and gradual skill upgrading.
  • Spatial Development: Heavy investment in infrastructure, such as achieving 99.9% rural electricity coverage by 2018, and fiscal/administrative decentralization to empower local governments. This approach resulted in average growth rates of 5–7% over decades and continuous poverty reduction, despite global crises, increasing per capita income eighteenfold. However, Vietnam still faces the risk of the middle-income trap, leading to the launch of Doi Moi 2.0 aimed at achieving high-income status by 2045.

Thailand’s Path: Growth without Redistribution

In contrast, Thailand, despite rapid economic expansion in the 1980s, followed a trickle-down economics model, believing wealth would eventually benefit the broader population. This approach has led to low growth and high inequality, explained by several institutional weaknesses:

  • Disconnected Policies: Economic growth policies are often formulated separately from poverty reduction and redistribution measures, leaving structural problems unaddressed.
  • Middle-Income State Characteristics: Reliance on foreign labor and capital, coupled with limited coordination for domestic technological and innovation development, indicating a lack of institutional upgrading.
  • Concentrated State-Business Relations: Particularly after 2014, close cooperation with large conglomerates created a “big brother–small brother” dynamic, concentrating resources and disadvantaging smaller enterprises.
  • Policy Inconsistency: Frequent government changes undermine policy continuity, resulting in short-term poverty relief measures (e.g., cash transfers) driven by immediate political demands rather than fundamental structural reforms.

Rethinking Development: Lessons and Recommendations

While Thailand should not merely emulate Vietnam, its experience offers crucial lessons. Escaping the middle-income trap and addressing inequality requires integrating redistribution into the growth strategy from the outset. The article’s central policy argument is that inclusive development must place those at the bottom of the socioeconomic pyramid at the core of economic policymaking, simultaneously pursuing economic expansion and income redistribution. Examples include designing digital economy and infrastructure investments to provide targeted social protection for the poor and using decentralization to spread prosperity and create local employment.

Vietnam’s success is attributed to policy continuity and institutional design that explicitly integrates the poor into its growth strategy, learning from China and East Asian “miracle” economies that demonstrated sustainable, equitable growth is possible in market economies with outward orientation, macroeconomic stability, and human capital investment. Thailand, therefore, needs to rethink its economic policy design—shifting from treating growth and poverty reduction as separate objectives to creating institutional rules that ensure the benefits of development are broadly and sustainably shared, especially with the poor, while upholding democratic principles.

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10 New Heroes, Talon Takeover Storyline & Free Season 1 Launch Revealed

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Overwatch Drops '2' in Epic Rebrand: 10 New Heroes, Talon
Overwatch Drops '2' in Epic Rebrand: 10 New Heroes, Talon
Overwatch Drops ‘2’ in Epic Rebrand: 10 New Heroes, Talon Takeover Storyline & Free Season 1 Launch Revealed

Blizzard Entertainment unveiled a monumental reinvention of its flagship hero shooter during the Overwatch Spotlight 2026 livestream on Feb. 4, officially rebranding Overwatch 2 simply as “Overwatch” while announcing 10 new heroes, a year-long “Reign of Talon” narrative arc, sweeping gameplay overhauls and a free Season 1 launch on Feb. 10 — marking the game’s 10th anniversary with its boldest update yet.

The surprise rebrand ditches the “2” suffix amid criticisms that the 2022 free-to-play transition felt more like an expansion than a sequel. Game director Aaron Keller called it a “fresh start” that honors the original 2016 vision while propelling Overwatch into its next decade. “Overwatch is back — bigger, bolder, and more united than ever,” Keller said during the two-hour presentation viewed by millions on YouTube and Twitch.

Season 1 kicks off with five immediately playable heroes — Domina (tank), Emre (damage), Mizuki (support), Anran (damage) and the fan-favorite Jetpack Cat (support, aka Fika) — dropping Feb. 10 alongside a revamped user interface, role subcategories, a new Conquest meta event and the start of a competitive year reset. The remaining five heroes will roll out throughout 2026, tying into the “Reign of Talon” storyline where the terrorist organization launches a global offensive, forcing heroes to adapt in a darker, more divided world.

The Rebrand & Core Overhauls

Dropping “2” symbolizes unity, Blizzard executives explained. “Overwatch has always been about the heroes coming together,” producer Monte Krol said. “The numbering divided us — now it’s just Overwatch, one game, one community.”

Major changes include:

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  • Role Subroles: Tanks split into Vanguard (frontline initiators) and Bastion (area-denial anchors); Damage into Duelist (high-mobility flankers) and Flex (versatile hybrids); Supports into Amplifier (buff/debuff specialists) and Guardian (pure healers).
  • UI Refresh: Streamlined menus, customizable hero cards, and a dynamic battle pass interface with 100+ tiers of cosmetics.
  • Conquest Meta Event: Permanent 4v4 mode launching mid-Season 1, emphasizing objective control over kills.
  • Free-to-Play Evolution: All heroes free at launch; battle pass prices unchanged at $10 (premium track).

The update arrives as Overwatch nears 100 million players, with Season 12 peaking at 35 million monthly actives in late 2025. Yet retention dipped amid hero balance frustrations and PvE content delays — issues Blizzard vows to fix with the Talon arc’s cooperative missions and hero-specific lore cinematics.

Meet the New Heroes: Season 1 Lineup

Hands-on demos showcased the five Season 1 additions, blending fresh archetypes with nostalgic flair:

  • Domina (Tank): A hulking Brazilian enforcer with gravity-manipulating gauntlets. Abilities include a black-hole ultimate that pulls enemies into a crush zone. “She’s the anchor Talon needs,” Keller said.
  • Emre (Damage): Turkish drone hacker deploying sticky bombs and EMP bursts. High mobility via wall-cling jumpsuits him for aggressive flanks.
  • Mizuki (Support): Japanese onmyōji summoning spectral foxes for heals and decoys. Her ultimate creates a spirit barrier that reflects projectiles.
  • Anran (Damage): Chinese martial artist with extendable chain-whips for crowd control and a whirlwind spin attack.
  • Jetpack Cat (Fika, Support): The meme-turned-hero feline rocketeer from Overwatch’s mobile spin-off. Rocket boosts for team dashes, repair nanites from her backpack, and a barrage ultimate. “Fans demanded her — now she’s canon,” Blizzard joked.

All five are unlocked free for everyone at Season 1 start, with premium skins in the battle pass.

Fan Reactions & Competitive Shake-Up

The livestream peaked at 2.8 million concurrent viewers, surpassing Overwatch League finals. Social media exploded: #OverwatchReign trended worldwide, with Jetpack Cat memes dominating X and TikTok.

Veteran player KarQ tweeted: “10 HEROES in ONE YEAR? This is the content drop we’ve begged for.” Pro teams like the San Francisco Shock praised subroles for better comp flexibility.

Critics noted the PvE delay — Talon missions start Season 2 — but Keller promised “narrative-driven raids” by mid-year.

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Overwatch’s Road to 2026 Dominance

Launched in 2016, Overwatch redefined team shooters with diverse heroes and esports spectacle. Overwatch 2’s rocky 2022 debut (forced PvP transition, monetization backlash) tested loyalty, but steady hero drops and console cross-play rebuilt momentum.

2026’s refresh coincides with Nintendo Switch 2 launch support and potential mobile revival. Blizzard teased BlizzCon 2026 hero reveals and a “Talon vs. Overwatch” cinematic series voiced by original cast.

With 10 heroes, subroles and a unified brand, Overwatch aims to reclaim hero shooter supremacy amid Valorant and Apex Legends competition. Season 1’s free entry lowers barriers, potentially surging player counts past 50 million monthly.

As servers prep for Feb. 10, the message is clear: Overwatch isn’t just returning — it’s evolving. Talon reigns, heroes unite, and the fight continues.

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'Food bank usage a sad picture of our community'

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'Food bank usage a sad picture of our community'

Food banks say they are seeing more people using their services for the first time.

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French Industrial Production Slips In December, But Prospects Look Better

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French Industrial Production Slips In December, But Prospects Look Better

French Industrial Production Slips In December, But Prospects Look Better

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Nvidia’s Quiet Shift From Chips To AI Economics (NASDAQ:NVDA)

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Nvidia's Quiet Shift From Chips To AI Economics (NASDAQ:NVDA)

This article was written by

Pythia Research focuses on multi-bagger stocks, primarily in the technology sector. Our approach combines financial analysis, behavioral finance, psychology, social sciences, and alternative metrics to assess companies with high conviction and asymmetric risk-reward potential. By leveraging both traditional and unconventional insights, we aim to uncover breakout opportunities before they gain mainstream attention. Our multidisciplinary strategy helps us navigate market sentiment, identify emerging trends, and invest in transformative businesses poised for exponential growth. We don’t just follow the market—we anticipate where disruption will create the next big winners.Markets don’t move purely on fundamentals; they move on perception, emotion, and bias. We lean into that reality. Investor behavior, anchoring to past valuations, herd mentality during rallies, panic selling from recency bias, creates persistent inefficiencies. These moments of mispricing often mark the start of a breakout, not the end of one.Rather than avoid psychological noise, we analyze it. When the crowd sees volatility, we assess whether it’s driven by emotion or fundamentals. Status quo bias can keep investors blind to companies redefining their category. Fear of uncertainty can delay recognition of businesses with clear but unconventional growth paths. We look for these disconnects.Our process blends deep research with signals others miss: sudden shifts in narrative, early social traction, founder-driven vision, or underappreciated momentum in developer or user adoption. These are often the precursors to exponential moves, if you catch them early.We focus on conviction plays, not safe bets. Each opportunity is evaluated for Risk/Reward profile: limited downside, explosive upside. We believe that the best returns come from understanding where belief is lagging reality.

Analyst’s Disclosure: I/we have a beneficial long position in the shares of NVDA either through stock ownership, options, or other derivatives. I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article.

Seeking Alpha’s Disclosure: Past performance is no guarantee of future results. No recommendation or advice is being given as to whether any investment is suitable for a particular investor. Any views or opinions expressed above may not reflect those of Seeking Alpha as a whole. Seeking Alpha is not a licensed securities dealer, broker or US investment adviser or investment bank. Our analysts are third party authors that include both professional investors and individual investors who may not be licensed or certified by any institute or regulatory body.

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Gary Neville returns to the Den

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Gary Neville returns to the Den

Gary Neville re-joins the dragons as they put another set of business hopefuls to the test.

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Record Highs Above $5,600 Followed by Sharp Correction Amid Volatility

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Gold Prices Swing Wildly in Early 2026: Record Highs Above

Gold prices have experienced extreme volatility in the opening weeks of 2026, surging to an all-time high near $5,600 per ounce in late January before suffering one of the most dramatic sell-offs in decades, dropping as much as 21% in a single session on February 2. The precious metal has since staged a partial recovery, trading around $4,887 per ounce as of February 5, 2026, reflecting a turbulent start to the year driven by shifting interest-rate expectations, geopolitical uncertainty and massive speculative positioning.

The rally that carried gold to $5,608.35 on January 29 marked the culmination of a historic bull run that saw the metal gain more than 65% in 2025 and continue climbing into the new year. Analysts attributed the surge to sustained central-bank buying, persistent inflation concerns, rising U.S. debt levels, de-dollarisation efforts by emerging markets and investor hedging against potential policy surprises under the second Trump administration.

However, the momentum reversed sharply. Spot gold plunged nearly 9% in a single day on January 30 — its largest daily percentage drop since the 1980s — after reports surfaced regarding President Trump’s nomination of Kevin Warsh to chair the Federal Reserve. Markets interpreted Warsh as likely to pursue a less dovish monetary policy than anticipated, prompting a rush to unwind long positions and triggering stop-loss orders across leveraged funds and retail traders.

Silver suffered even more acutely, collapsing nearly 28–30% in the same session — its worst one-day performance since 1980 — as the gold-silver ratio widened dramatically before compressing again in the rebound.

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By February 5, spot gold had recovered to approximately $4,887 per ounce, down 1.57% on the day but still up 8.70% over the past month and a staggering 71.01% year-over-year. Gold futures for February 2026 delivery traded around $4,988, reflecting ongoing choppiness.

Drivers Behind the Volatility

Several overlapping factors fueled the whipsaw action:

  1. Monetary Policy Uncertainty Expectations for Federal Reserve rate cuts in 2026 have fluctuated wildly. Early-year optimism about aggressive easing gave way to caution after signals from the Trump administration and nominee commentary suggested a more hawkish tilt. Lower short-term rates historically support gold by reducing the opportunity cost of holding non-yielding assets; any delay or reversal in cuts sparked selling.
  2. Central Bank & ETF Demand Central banks continued aggressive accumulation — a trend that began in earnest in 2022 — providing a solid floor. However, retail and speculative ETF inflows reversed sharply during the late-January sell-off, amplifying downside momentum before bargain hunters stepped in.
  3. Geopolitical & Macro Risks Ongoing global tensions, U.S. fiscal deficits, trade policy uncertainty and de-dollarisation efforts by BRICS nations kept a bid under gold. Yet the speed of the rally led to overbought conditions, setting the stage for profit-taking.
  4. Technical & Positioning Extremes Futures positioning reached record net-long levels in late January. The subsequent liquidation triggered cascading stops, creating a self-reinforcing drop that erased weeks of gains in hours.

Analyst Forecasts & Outlook for 2026

Despite the correction, most major banks and research houses remain bullish on gold for the full year:

  • Wells Fargo Investment Institute raised its end-2026 target to $6,100–$6,300 per ounce, citing expectations of lower short-term rates and sustained central-bank demand.
  • J.P. Morgan maintained a $6,300 year-end forecast, arguing that hedges against macro and policy risks have become “sticky.”
  • Goldman Sachs targets $5,400 by year-end, driven by central-bank accumulation and renewed ETF inflows as rates fall.
  • Bank of America sees potential for $6,000 in the coming months, noting that physical-market fundamentals remain supportive despite volatility.

Reuters’ latest poll of 30 analysts and traders (conducted late January–early February 2026) returned a median forecast of $4,746.50 per ounce for the full year — the highest annual projection in Reuters polls dating back to 2012 and up sharply from $4,275 in the October survey.

Silver forecasts were similarly upgraded, with analysts now expecting an average of $79.50 per ounce in 2026 (up from $50 in the prior poll).

Market Implications & Investor Considerations

The volatility has created both opportunities and risks:

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  • Dip-buyers stepped in aggressively after the February 2 low near $4,400, pushing prices back toward $5,000 in subsequent sessions.
  • Physical premiums on coins and bars showed resilience, indicating robust retail demand even during the correction.
  • Gold/silver ratio compressed from extreme levels, suggesting silver may outperform on any sustained rebound.

For investors, the swings underscore gold’s dual role as a safe-haven asset and a speculative vehicle. While fundamentals — central-bank buying, geopolitical risk, fiscal concerns — remain supportive, near-term price action will likely hinge on U.S. monetary-policy signals, dollar strength and positioning unwinds.

As of February 5, 2026, gold’s path forward remains upward-sloping according to most forecasts, but the journey is proving far bumpier than many anticipated after the smooth ascent of 2025.

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BPER Banca SpA 2025 Q4 – Results – Earnings Call Presentation (OTCMKTS:BPXXY) 2026-02-05

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OneWater Marine Inc. (ONEW) Q1 2026 Earnings Call Transcript

This article was written by

Seeking Alpha’s transcripts team is responsible for the development of all of our transcript-related projects. We currently publish thousands of quarterly earnings calls per quarter on our site and are continuing to grow and expand our coverage. The purpose of this profile is to allow us to share with our readers new transcript-related developments. Thanks, SA Transcripts Team

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Workers urge Target and US firms to speak up over ICE raids

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Workers urge Target and US firms to speak up over ICE raids

Workers are writing letters, staging strikes and in some cases resigning over how bosses are handling the immigration crackdown.

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Bank of England set to keep interest rates on hold

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Inflation bounced back in December, rising for the first time in five months

A view of the Bank of England

A view of the Bank of England(Image: PA Archive/PA Images)

The Bank of England is expected to hold interest rates at 3.75 per cent as policymakers face a “balancing act” of controlling inflation and supporting economic growth. Most economists think the Bank’s Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) will opt to leave rates unchanged at its next decision on Thursday.

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The MPC delivered a cut to borrowing costs before Christmas, from four per cent to 3.75 per cent, marking the fourth reduction of the year.

Governor Andrew Bailey said at the time that the UK had “passed the recent peak in inflation and it has continued to fall”, but he cautioned that further cuts will be a “closer call”.

Since that decision, official data has shown that inflation bounced back in December, rising for the first time in five months.

The rate of Consumer Prices Index (CPI) inflation came in at 3.4 per cent for the month, up from 3.2 per cent in November, with tobacco duties and airfares among the factors driving prices higher.

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Economists think this inflation reading will encourage policymakers to keep rates on hold this month.

Laith Khalaf, head of investment analysis for AJ Bell, said: “It’s extremely unlikely the Bank of England is going to do anything but hold interest rates where they are at its February meeting.

“The Bank reduced rates in December and has clearly indicated it wants to adjust policy gradually, so consecutive cuts are pretty much unthinkable in the current economic environment.”

He said that the Bank of England will look through one-off factors pushing up prices in December but that there were “lingering inflation fears” within the committee.

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Economists pointed to other datasets that the MPC will be keeping a close eye on, including gross domestic product (GDP) which returned to growth in November at 0.3 per cent.

Wage growth has also continued to slow while unemployment remained at its highest level for nearly five years, the latest official data showed.

Evidence that the labour market is cooling is likely to be encouraging news for policymakers because it indicates that some pressures on inflation are reducing, but they will also be cautious of it weakening economic growth.

Edward Allenby, senior economic adviser at Oxford Economics, said: “The MPC will continue to face a delicate balancing act between supporting growth and preventing inflation from becoming entrenched, with forthcoming data on pay settlements likely to play a decisive role in shaping the next policy move.”

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Mr Allenby is forecasting the next rate cut to come in April.

Matt Swannell, chief economic advisor to the EY Item Club, said it was a “near certainty” that rates will be kept unchanged, adding: “Some of the MPC doves that favoured a cut in December still harbour some concerns around sticky wage growth and inflation.”

He also agreed that April was the “most likely time for the next rate cut”.

“By then, the MPC will have a clearer view of the 2026 pay awards and whether there is further evidence of slack emerging in the economy,” he said.

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Eddie Bauer parent could file for bankruptcy, potentially close North American stores

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Eddie Bauer parent could file for bankruptcy, potentially close North American stores

Eddie Bauer stores could be next on the chopping block. 

Catalyst Brands, which owns the license to operate Eddie Bauer stores across North America, is preparing to file for bankruptcy protection, a source close to the matter told Fast Company.

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The filing could cause the company to shutter all of its North American stores, the person said. 

Catalyst Brands also oversees Lucky Brand, Aéropostale, Nautica, Brooks Brothers and JCPenney, and has not yet confirmed the details of the filing. WWD reported the potential filing last week, noting that it could happen sometime this month. 

None of the other brands under Catalyst will be affected by the potential filing.

An Eddie Bauer store

Eddie Bauer’s corporate parent, Catalyst Brands, also oversees Lucky Brand, Aéropostale, Nautica, Brooks Brothers and JCPenney. (Getty Images)

The company operates mainly across the U.S. and Canada with about 180 locations. There are 20 international locations, according to reports. 

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FOX Business reached out to Catalyst Brands for comment. 

GROCERY STORE EDGES OUT PUBLIX AS AMERICA’S FAVORITE

Catalyst Brands LLC emerged as a new retail holding company in 2025 through a merger between JCPenney and SPARC Group, a multi-brand operator that ran several clothing brands

An Eddie Bauer store is seen on Feb. 3, 2026, in Round Rock, Texas.  (Brandon Bell/Getty Images)

The newly formed company brought together operations, distribution networks, management and several brands under one roof. 

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COSTCO TO OPEN NEW WAREHOUSE UNDER AFFORDABLE HOUSING DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH LOS ANGELES

However, those brands have gone through their own obstacles. Prior to the merger, JCPenney contended with slowing foot traffic and lackluster sales for years, causing it to file for bankruptcy protection at the height of the pandemic. It emerged from bankruptcy in 2020 as a private company after being acquired by Simon Property Group and Brookfield Asset Management Inc. 

An Eddie Bauer store is seen on Feb. 3, 2026, in Round Rock, Texas.  (Brandon Bell/Getty Images)

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JCPenney last year continued to shutter a handful of its stores in recent years as it struggled to keep pace with rapidly changing market conditions.  

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