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FTX User Lawsuit Settled by Fenwick Over Exchange Work

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The multidistrict saga surrounding FTX’s collapse is inching toward resolution, as FTX users and Fenwick & West filed a proposed settlement in a Florida federal court. The parties say they will present the terms for court approval on February 27, though the filing did not reveal the settlement’s specifics. In a bid to quiet the sprawling class-action litigation that has grown since FTX’s 2022 implosion, plaintiffs and Fenwick also asked the court to pause all deadlines and pending motions ahead of the submission. Plaintiffs claim Fenwick played a key role in enabling the alleged fraud, a charge the firm disputes as routine legal work.

Key takeaways

  • The proposed settlement between FTX users and Fenwick & West is slated for submission to a Florida federal court on February 27, with terms not disclosed publicly.
  • The filing seeks a pause on all deadlines and pending motions in the related class-action suit as the settlement unfolds.
  • The plaintiffs allege Fenwick provided substantial assistance that helped structure the operations and permit alleged misuses, a claim Fenwick previously sought to dismiss as unsupported.
  • The underlying litigation traces to a multidistrict class action filed after FTX’s collapse in late 2022, encompassing claims against the exchange, promoters, and various partners.
  • Earlier in the process, the court allowed the amended complaint to proceed against Fenwick, denying Fenwick’s bid to dismiss the case.
  • A related action against Sullivan & Cromwell, FTX’s former outside counsel, was voluntarily dismissed last year amid insufficient evidence.

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Market context: The settlement development sits within a broader wave of post-collapse litigation in the crypto space, as investors seek accountability and clarity around the governance and structural practices that supported FTX and its affiliated entities. The case underscores the persistent vigilance of plaintiffs’ counsel against entities that provided legal or advisory services to high-profile crypto platforms during their rapid growth and subsequent downfall.

The latest filings come amid continuing scrutiny of the legal professionals involved with FTX’s rapid expansion and collapse. As the class-action landscape evolves, observers are watching for how courts balance claims of aiding and abetting alleged fraud with the provision of routine legal services. The procedural posture—requesting a stay of deadlines while settlement talks proceed—reflects a cautious approach common in complex, multi-party disputes where settlements hinge on granular disclosures and the preservation of claims for future relief.

The public record links provided in the filing and related reporting outline a narrative that has persisted through 2023 and into 2024: lawsuits against Fenwick & West, and other firms connected to FTX, have sought to pin responsibility for the alleged mismanagement and misrepresentations that preceded the exchange’s fall. For readers who want to trace the procedural path, the primary docket entry can be found on CourtListener, detailing the In re FTX Cryptocurrency Exchange Collapse Litigation (Docket 67478547/1060).

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In August, reporting highlighted the plaintiffs’ assertion that Fenwick played a central role in constructing the corporate architecture that allegedly obscured fund flows and blurred the lines between FTX and Alameda Research. The plaintiffs argued Fenwick advised on strategies to avoid regulatory registrations for money transmission and closely monitored the flow of funds between entities. Fenwick, however, has maintained that its involvement was limited to standard, lawful legal services and has sought to dismiss the case on that basis.

As the parties move toward a potential settlement, the broader litigation landscape includes related actions against Sullivan & Cromwell, FTX’s former outside counsel. That suit was dismissed in late 2024 after a judge found insufficient evidence to sustain the claims, a development noted in contemporaneous reporting. The dynamic nature of the MDL means that even as one line of the case approaches resolution, other actions and inquiries continue to shape the broader accountability narrative for FTX and its ecosystem.

Several connected stories have kept pressure on the topic, including coverage of Sam Bankman-Fried’s public profile shifts and ongoing regulatory and enforcement scrutiny around crypto exchanges. While those narratives sit outside the precise scope of the Fenwick settlement, they contribute to a broader understanding of how legal accountability is evolving within the crypto industry. Readers seeking more background can explore related discussions and analyses that situate this case within the wider regulatory and litigation environment surrounding decentralized finance, investor protections, and exchange operations.

Why it matters

The proposed settlement, if approved, could offer a measure of closure to tens of thousands of FTX users who allege they were harmed by the exchange’s collapse. Beyond the monetary implications, the handling of Fenwick’s role is significant for the crypto legal ecosystem, potentially influencing how law firms structure and defend their involvement with blockchain-based platforms. The case also highlights the tension between legitimate legal services and alleged facilitation of wrongdoing, a line that courts have to adjudicate with careful scrutiny in high-profile crypto matters.

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Moreover, the decision to pause litigation deadlines during settlement talks signals a practical approach to dispute management in complex civil actions tied to rapidly evolving tech sectors. The outcome could affect how similar cases are staged in the future, including how settlements are negotiated when a firm’s liability status remains contested. For practitioners, the development underscores the importance of precise pleadings, transparent settlement disclosures, and the strategic use of procedural stays to manage sprawling multi-district actions.

For investors and observers, the exercise of accountability in FTX-related litigation remains a barometer for the broader crypto market’s maturation. Legal clarity surrounding the responsibilities of service providers—ranging from law firms to advisers—can influence reputational risk, professional liability standards, and the willingness of market participants to engage with crypto platforms under current regulatory regimes. While the settlement’s terms are still unknown, the process itself reinforces that the crypto sector is subject to traditional civil litigation norms, even as it often operates at the frontier of technology and finance.

What to watch next

  • Formal filing of the proposed settlement terms for judicial review on or around February 27, with a public decision timeline from the court.
  • Any court-approved stay or modification of deadlines in the MDL as part of the settlement process.
  • Disclosure of settlement terms and any conditions related to the release of claims or non-monetary remedies.
  • Subsequent rulings clarifying Fenwick’s status and any broader implications for defending parties in related actions, including the Sullivan & Cromwell matter.
  • Updates from the parties on comment and cooperation during the settlement process, as well as any related appellate or procedural developments in the MDL.

Sources & verification

  • CourtListener docket entry for In re FTX Cryptocurrency Exchange Collapse Litigation (67478547/1060).
  • Cointelegraph coverage on the August update describing Fenwick’s alleged key role in the FTX fraud case.
  • Cointelegraph reporting on Fenwick’s motion to dismiss and the subsequent denial of that bid.
  • Cointelegraph coverage of the November ruling allowing the amended complaint to proceed against Fenwick & West.
  • Cointelegraph report on Sullivan & Cromwell’s related case, including its later voluntary dismissal.

Settlement moves forward in multidistrict FTX litigation

The case centered on Fenwick & West centers on the foundational question of whether a prominent law firm provided more than routine guidance to a crypto exchange that later collapsed under scrutiny. The scheduled February 27 submission marks a formal juncture where the court will weigh the proposed agreement’s terms against the claims and defenses that have accumulated over the years. While the exact conditions remain confidential, the parties’ joint request to pause deadlines indicates an effort to stabilize the procedural posture while negotiations proceed. The CourtListener docket and associated reporting lay out a narrative in which Fenwick is challenged on the basis that its client-facing structures and advisory roles may have contributed to the alleged misrepresentations and fund flows that characterized FTX and Alameda’s operations.

As observers await more detail, the case’s trajectory illustrates a broader trend in crypto-related civil actions: settlements are often the preferred vehicle for resolving complex, high-stakes disputes spanning multiple jurisdictions and dozens of plaintiffs. The fact that Fenwick has engaged in discussions aimed at a court-approved resolution—despite ongoing disputes about liability—reflects a pragmatic approach to risk management for legal firms tied to rapidly evolving crypto platforms. The ongoing discussion also underscores the role courts play in mediating the balance between providing necessary legal services and addressing allegations of complicity in alleged fraud. For readers following the regulatory and legal dimensions of crypto, this development provides a concrete example of how the legal system handles claims of assisting and abetting alleged wrongdoing in a high-profile crypto ecosystem.

In parallel, the broader litigator landscape remains active as related actions against other parties tied to FTX continue to unfold. The voluntary dismissal of the Sullivan & Cromwell case, after a separate evaluation of evidence, indicates that the path to accountability in these matters can be uneven and highly fact-specific. Nonetheless, the core question of what constitutes appropriate professional responsibility in the crypto world remains a guiding thread for both practitioners and market participants. The ongoing dispute, the methodology of discovery, and the potential for contemporaneous settlements will shape how similar cases are approached in the future, as courts seek to set precedents that balance legal accountability with the practicalities of representing clients in a nascent, rapidly changing sector.

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For readers wanting to verify the components of this developing story, the primary CourtListener entry provides a window into the case’s procedural posture, while related articles paint the broader context of how Fenwick, and by extension law firms associated with crypto platforms, fit into the post-collapse accountability framework. The convergence of litigation strategy, regulatory scrutiny, and settlement dynamics in this matter will continue to be a focal point for legal observers and crypto market participants as 2026 progresses.

Risk & affiliate notice: Crypto assets are volatile and capital is at risk. This article may contain affiliate links. Read full disclosure

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Crypto World

Cross-Chain Governance Attacks – Smart Liquidity Research

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Cross-Chain Governance Attacks - Smart Liquidity Research

The Governance Exploit Nobody Is Pricing In. Bridges get hacked. That’s old news. We’ve seen the carnage: nine-figure exploits, drained liquidity, emergency shutdowns, Twitter threads filled with “funds are safu” copium.

From Ronin Network to Wormhole, bridge exploits have become a recurring tax on innovation. But here’s the uncomfortable truth. The next systemic risk in crypto probably won’t be a bridge exploit. It’ll be a governance exploit enabled by cross-chain voting power. And almost nobody is pricing it in.

The Shift: From Asset Bridges to Power Bridges

Cross-chain infrastructure has evolved.

We’re no longer just bridging tokens for yield. We’re bridging:

Protocols increasingly allow governance tokens to exist on multiple chains simultaneously — often via wrapped representations or omnichain token standards (like those enabled by LayerZero Labs).

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This improves capital efficiency and participation.

But it also introduces a new attack surface:

The separation of voting power from finality.

The Core Problem: Governance Is Local. Voting Power Is Not.

Governance contracts typically live on a single “home” chain.

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But voting power can be represented across multiple chains.

This creates a dangerous gap:

  1. Tokens are locked on Chain A

  2. Voting power is mirrored on Chain B

  3. Governance decisions are executed on Chain A

If the system relies on cross-chain messaging to sync voting balances, any delay, exploit, or manipulation in that messaging layer becomes a governance vector.

You don’t need to drain liquidity.

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You just need to distort voting power long enough.

And governance proposals often pass with shockingly low turnout.

The Attack Path Nobody Talks About

Let’s walk through a hypothetical.

Step 1: Acquire or Manipulate Voting Power Cross-Chain

An attacker:

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  • Borrows governance tokens

  • Bridges them to a secondary chain

  • Exploits a delay in balance updates

  • Or abuses inconsistencies in wrapped token accounting

In poorly designed systems, the same underlying tokens may temporarily influence voting in multiple domains.

Even if briefly.

Even if “just a bug.”

Governance doesn’t need hours. It needs one block.

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Step 2: Flash Governance

We’ve already seen governance flash-loan exploits in DeFi.

The most infamous example? The attack on Beanstalk in 2022.

The attacker used flash loans to acquire massive voting power, passed a malicious proposal, and drained ~$182M.

Now imagine that dynamic — but across chains.

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Flash-loaned tokens → bridged representation → governance vote → malicious proposal executed → unwind.

All before the watchers even understand what happened.

Step 3: Proposal Payloads as Weapons

Governance proposals can:

If cross-chain voting power is compromised, the proposal payload becomes the exploit.

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No bridge drain required.

Just governance “working as designed.”

Why Markets Aren’t Pricing This Risk

Three reasons.

1. Everyone Is Still Fighting the Last War

After major bridge hacks, teams hardened signature validation and multisig thresholds.

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But governance-layer risk is subtler.

It doesn’t show up as “TVL at risk” on dashboards.

It shows up as “who controls protocol direction.”

That’s harder to quantify.

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2. Voting Participation Is Low

Many DAOs struggle to get 10–20% participation.

Which means:

You don’t need 51%.

You need slightly more than apathy.

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Cross-chain voting power distortions don’t need to be massive. They just need to be decisive.

3. Composability Multiplies Complexity

Modern governance stacks combine:

  • Delegation contracts

  • Token wrappers

  • Cross-chain messaging

  • Snapshot systems

  • Execution timelocks

Each layer introduces potential inconsistencies.

And composability means failures cascade.

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Where the Real Risk Lives

This isn’t about one protocol.

It’s systemic.

The more governance tokens become:

The more fragile governance assumptions become.

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If a governance token is:

You’ve built a multi-dimensional voting derivative.

And derivatives break under stress.

Ask TradFi. They have scars.

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The Governance Exploit Nobody Is Pricing In

Markets price:

  • Smart contract risk

  • Bridge exploit risk

  • Oracle manipulation risk

But they do not price:

Cross-domain voting synchronization risk.

No dashboards are tracking:

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  • Governance message latency

  • Cross-chain vote desync windows

  • Wrapped-token vote inflation

  • Double-counted delegation

Yet these variables may determine who controls billion-dollar treasuries.

What Builders Should Be Doing (Now)

If you’re designing cross-chain governance:

1. Separate Voting Power from Bridged Liquidity

Avoid naïve 1:1 mirroring without strict finality checks.

2. Introduce Vote Finality Windows

Require:

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  • Cross-chain state verification

  • Message settlement delays

  • Proof-of-lock confirmations

Before votes are counted.

3. Use Decay or Cooldowns on Newly Bridged Tokens

Voting power shouldn’t activate instantly after bridging.

If tokens just moved chains 5 seconds ago, maybe they shouldn’t decide protocol destiny.

4. Simulate Governance Stress Scenarios

Run adversarial simulations:

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If your governance model breaks under simulation, it will break in production.

What Investors Should Be Asking

Before allocating to a multi-chain DAO:

  • Where does governance live?

  • How is voting power mirrored?

  • Can voting power be double-counted during bridge latency?

  • What happens if the messaging layer stalls?

  • Is there a time lock between the vote and execution?

If the answers are vague, the risk is real.

And it’s not priced in.

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The Inevitable Wake-Up Call

Crypto learns through catastrophe.

  • Smart contract exploits → audits became standard.

  • Oracle exploits → TWAP and redundancy

  • Bridge hacks → validator hardening

Governance-layer cross-chain exploits are likely next.

And when it happens, it won’t look like a hack.

It’ll look like a proposal that “passed.”

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That’s the scary part.

Final Thought

Cross-chain infrastructure is powerful. It enables capital mobility, global participation, and modular design.

But it also decouples authority from location.

And when authority becomes fluid across chains, attackers don’t need to steal funds.

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They just need to win a vote.

That’s the governance exploit nobody is pricing in.

And by the time the market does, it’ll already be too late.

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Payoneer Adds to Crypto, Fintech Firms Seeking Bank Charter

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Payoneer Adds to Crypto, Fintech Firms Seeking Bank Charter

Global financial services firm Payoneer is the latest in a growing number of companies that have filed for a national trust banking charter in the US, which could enable it to issue a stablecoin and provide various crypto services.

Payoneer said on Tuesday it filed with the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency to form PAYO Digital Bank, a week after it partnered with stablecoin infrastructure firm Bridge to add stablecoin capabilities to its platform that is mainly focused on cross-border transactions.

Payoneer said that it is seeking to issue a GENIUS Act-compliant stablecoin, PAYO-USD, to serve as the holding currency in Payoneer wallets, in addition to allowing customers to pay and receive stablecoins.

OCC approval would also enable Payoneer to manage PAYO-USD reserves, offer custodial services and enable customers to convert between the stablecoins into their local currency.

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“We believe stablecoins will play a meaningful role in the future of global trade,” said Payoneer CEO John Caplan.

Source: Payoneer

The OCC gave conditional approval to Crypto.com for a charter on Monday, adding to the banking charters won by crypto companies Circle, Ripple, Fidelity Digital Assets, BitGo and Paxos in December.

Related: Better, Framework Ventures reach $500M stablecoin mortgage financing deal

The Trump family’s World Liberty Financial also applied for one in January to expand the use of its USD1 (USD1) stablecoin, but is still awaiting a decision. 

Crypto trading platform Laser Platform also submitted an application in January, while Coinbase has been awaiting a decision on its application since October.

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Stablecoins ideal for business cross-border transfers: Payoneer

Payoneer said OCC approval would allow it to offer its nearly two million customers, which are mostly small and medium-sized businesses, a regulated stablecoin solution to simplify cross-border trade.