Polygon has fallen nearly 40% from its yearly high in tandem with a market-wide weakness. Can it recover from its losses now as its stablecoin market and app revenues surge?

According to data from crypto.news, the Polygon (POL) price fell over 50% from its January high to a yearly low of $0.088 on Feb. 11. This occurred amid a broader market pullback triggered by massive liquidations across leveraged markets as Bitcoin fell below multiple key support zones due to macroeconomic and geopolitical stress.

POL has since bounced back and remained in consolidation between $0.100 and $0.115.

The Polygon network is showing signs of strength, which may position it for a breakout

First, its on-chain stats have grown significantly stronger over recent weeks. Data from DeFiLlama shows that the total supply of stablecoins on the network has surged to $3.26 billion from the $2.4 billion seen at the beginning of February.

At the same time, the weekly revenue generated by DeFi apps on the network has also soared by nearly 70% within the period.

A stronger stablecoin supply and weekly revenue suggest a surge in activity and liquidity, which is a healthy sign for a network and could likely attract more institutional capital.

Second, Polygon’s aggressive token burn strategy is also helping support its price gains. It has recently completed burning over 100 million POL tokens. As tokens are burnt, they are permanently removed from the circulating supply, driving scarcity and providing an accessible bullish narrative for short-term traders.

Third, the daily chart shows that the Polygon price is close to confirming a bullish crossover between the 50-day and 100-day moving averages. Bullish crossovers are typically followed by sustained rallies once confirmed.

Key levels to watch

For now, the next overhead resistance level lies at $0.122, which is the strong pivot reverse level of the Murrey Math lines. Bulls must reclaim this level to confirm a trend reversal.

Subsequently, bulls can then try to push the token all the way up to its January high at $0.184, which would mark a roughly 64% rally from its current price of $0.112.

On the contrary, failure to hold the ultimate support level of the Murrey Math lines at $0.097 will result in a drop back to its yearly low of $0.088.

South Korea plans finfluencer disclosure law to curb manipulation and protect investors.

South Korea’s Democratic Party has introduced legislation requiring financial influencers to disclose personal asset holdings and compensation when recommending cryptocurrencies or stocks, according to reports from the country’s legislative assembly.

The proposal, led by lawmaker Kim Seung-won, includes amendments to the Capital Markets Act and the Virtual Asset User Protection Act. The draft framework would mandate that influencers disclose the type and quantity of assets held when promoting specific tokens or stocks through social media, livestreams, or broadcast channels, according to the legislative text.

Influencers would also be required to reveal any compensation received in exchange for recommendations. Violations would carry penalties similar to those applied in unfair trading practice cases, including fines and potential criminal liability, the proposal states.

The legislation aims to prevent undisclosed promotional activity that can lead to pump-and-dump schemes, where influencers promote assets before selling into price increases, according to the Democratic Party’s statement. The measures seek to reduce market manipulation risks and improve investor protection through mandatory transparency around holdings and financial incentives.

The proposal follows broader regulatory expansion in South Korea throughout 2026. The Financial Supervisory Service has deployed AI-based monitoring tools designed to detect abnormal trading patterns and market manipulation in real time, according to the agency.

Additional measures introduced this year include new reporting requirements for foreign property investors, who must now disclose cryptocurrency transaction histories in certain cases, regulatory filings show.

South Korea maintains one of the world’s most active retail cryptocurrency markets. The legislation, if passed, would represent one of the most direct regulatory actions globally targeting social media-driven financial promotion in the digital asset sector, according to regulatory analysts.

Trust in money doesn’t collapse overnight. It erodes slowly, through years of inflation and political interference that leave savers feeling exposed. When confidence finally breaks, people respond rationally: they abandon the faulty currency. They move their savings into foreign currencies or assets like gold and real estate.

Governments often try to reverse this dynamic with rhetoric: pledges of fiscal discipline, independence, or reform. But speeches aren’t always enough to restore trust; you sometimes need new institutions and infrastructure. In other words, you need credible signals that saving and investing locally is no longer a gamble. Nations now have a new tool to do this: by issuing tokenized bonds.

Tokenization brings transparency, programmability, and fast settlement to investment vehicles that are often perceived as opaque or risky. Applied to sovereign and corporate debt, these features can materially improve how local-currency markets function. Digital bonds obviously can’t be a substitute for good macroeconomic policy, but by eliminating some frictions, they can help restore confidence in a currency.

How tokenized bonds support local currencies

A currency’s strength depends heavily on demand for assets denominated in it. People hold currencies not because they like them, but because they want the assets priced in them. When local bond markets are illiquid or unreliable, demand for the currency weakens structurally. Tokenized bonds address this problem by making local-currency debt easier to access, cheaper to trade, and far more transparent. They’re not a silver bullet, but they help ease the problem.

Digital bonds can be purchased with fewer intermediaries and lower operational costs. They can also be fractionalized, integrated into digital wallets, and distributed globally. All of this lowers the barriers for domestic and foreign investors to hold local sovereign and corporate debt. More buyers of local-currency bonds translates into sustained demand for the currency itself. Over time, that demand makes an impact, big or small, on the strength of a given currency.

Improving domestic savings instruments also reduces the incentive to dollarize. In many countries around the world, households and firms turn to U.S. dollars when they don’t trust local institutions to preserve value or honor contracts.

But tokenized bonds offer visible proof that rules are being enforced, payments are happening as promised, and ownership is secure. When people feel confident saving and investing in their own currency, it opens a path for dollarization to recede organically, strengthening foreign-exchange stability.

The same logic applies to institutional capital. Pension funds and asset managers in emerging markets often overweight dollar assets because local-currency markets carry higher operational risk — slow settlement, unreliable registries, and opaque ownership records. Digital bonds reduce these risks, giving local institutions fewer reasons to export capital abroad. Keeping savings onshore can be an effective way of supporting a currency.

Tokenized bonds also impact monetary politics

One of the weaknesses of local debt markets is opacity. Investors rarely have a clear view of who owns what, how liquid the market really is, or whether issuance and settlement data can be trusted. Tokenized bonds change this by moving issuance, ownership, settlement, and secondary-market activity on-chain, where it can be observed in real time. This transparency lowers the opacity premium that investors demand for holding local-currency debt.

Moreover, central banks traditionally rely on reputational capital to guide expectations. But reputation is fragile in countries with a history of fiscal dominance. Tokenized bond markets shift part of that burden from institutional trust to observable data. Real-time signals allow investors to assess conditions independently of official messaging. Issuing digital bonds is also a visible signal of competence; it demonstrates accountability in ways that no press release can.

Smart contracts reinforce this effect through automation. By reducing reliance on intermediaries and manual processes, they minimize operational failures that usually undermine confidence in otherwise well-managed systems.

Immutability also matters politically. On-chain records make it much harder to quietly manipulate issuance volumes or obscure outstanding supply. For investors who worry about opaque fiscal practices or political interference, this permanence helps to anchor credibility.

The benefits to the market

The market-level benefits end up compounding. In many emerging economies, slow and unreliable settlement cycles are a major source of mistrust. Trades that take days to clear discourage participation and inflate yields. Digital bonds eliminate much of this friction, which in turn restores some confidence in the basic functioning of the market.

High yields in local-currency debt are often misinterpreted as pure compensation for inflation or credit risk. In reality, they also reflect settlement risk, inefficient infrastructure, questionable registries, and unpredictable liquidity. By removing these issues, tokenized bonds can naturally help compress yields and improve trust in the currency.

Tokenized bonds also open local markets to retail savers, expatriates, and global asset managers who were previously locked out by operational complexity. Greater access means there is a chance for more participants, which in turn could bring deeper liquidity and better price discovery to the local sovereign debt market.

And instead of thin, sporadically traded markets where rumors dominate, tokenized bonds provide constant visibility into yield curves and credit spreads. Clearer price signals anchor expectations and reduce the informational chaos that often precedes currency stress.

Finally, currency stability depends on whether policy decisions actually flow through the financial system. With real-time pricing and instant settlement, bond markets respond more efficiently to interest-rate changes and liquidity operations. Policy becomes more effective not because it is harsher, but because it is better transmitted.

At the end of the day, currency credibility mostly depends on fiscal and monetary fundamentals. But tokenized bonds help governments get rid of many small frictions they have to deal with, even under the best circumstances. Tokenized bonds can’t replace sound policy, but they can strengthen market plumbing. All of the small advantages that they bring end up compounding to provide support for local currencies.

TLDR:

• Michael Saylor named Solana as the primary blockchain for deploying programmable digital credit at scale.
  
• Strategy’s STRF converts Bitcoin’s economic energy into structured cash flows with principal protection for investors.
  
• Saylor introduced BTC rating, BTC risk, and credit spread as core metrics for measuring digital credit risk.
  
• A reflexive flywheel effect ties credit creation to Bitcoin demand, driving equity value across the broader ecosystem.

Michael Saylor has made a bold claim about the future of programmable digital credit. The Strategy executive chairman recently stated that Solana will serve as the primary blockchain for deploying this next generation of digital credit instruments.

His remarks came alongside a detailed breakdown of Strategy’s STRF product and a broader framework for Bitcoin-backed credit.

The statement drew attention from across the crypto industry given Saylor’s long-standing association with Bitcoin maximalism.

Saylor Points to Solana as the Infrastructure for Digital Credit Deployment

Saylor’s choice of Solana as the deployment platform surprised many observers in the crypto space. He cited the blockchain’s speed, accessibility, and scalability as key reasons for the selection.

According to Saylor, programmable digital credit requires infrastructure that can handle tokenized instruments operating at scale. Solana, in his view, meets those technical requirements more effectively than other available options.

His vision extends beyond a single product. Saylor outlined how digital credit can be embedded into ETFs, tokens, bank accounts, and layer 3 blockchain solutions.

Each of these serves as a building block for creating digital yield and accessible digital money. Together, they form an interconnected system designed to move value across digital rails efficiently.

The programmable nature of this credit is central to Saylor’s argument. By encoding credit terms directly into blockchain infrastructure, issuers can automate dividend payments, collateral checks, and risk adjustments.

This removes the friction associated with traditional credit instruments and opens access to a much wider investor base. Solana’s architecture makes this level of programmability practical at a global scale.

Saylor also described a reflexive flywheel effect that programmable digital credit can trigger. Credit creation drives Bitcoin demand, which raises Bitcoin’s price and increases equity value.

That, in turn, strengthens the entire ecosystem and encourages further credit issuance. Deploying this mechanism on Solana, he argued, amplifies its reach and speed considerably.

Strategy’s STRF Lays the Foundation for Bitcoin-Backed Credit on Chain

STRF sits at the core of Saylor’s digital credit framework. Strategy converts Bitcoin’s economic energy into structured cash flows by stripping away risk, dampening volatility, and extracting yield.

The result is a variable preferred security that offers both principal protection and higher returns than traditional credit. Investors also benefit from return-of-capital tax treatment, which reduces their overall tax liability directly.

Saylor introduced three metrics for evaluating digital credit risk: BTC rating, BTC risk, and credit spread. These tools give investors a clear and measurable way to assess collateral coverage and under-collateralization probability.

Excess Bitcoin volatility is transferred to MSTR common equity holders rather than to credit investors. This structure protects STRF holders during market downturns.

STRF’s track record supports Saylor’s framework. The product maintained its value and continued paying dividends through significant Bitcoin price drawdowns.

That stability makes it competitive with traditional credit instruments that are often tax-inefficient and difficult to access. STRF, by contrast, is designed to be widely accessible and straightforward to hold.

Corporate treasuries represent a major target market for this product. Saylor argued that companies allocating a portion of holdings to STRF could potentially double their cash flow.

With Solana as the deployment layer, that access becomes even broader and more seamless for institutional and retail participants alike.

Ethereum slid ~5% toward $1.9k as whale selling and ETF outflows hit sentiment, despite bullish RSI divergence hinting at a potential reversal.

Ethereum (ETH) traded near a critical support level as large holders sold significant amounts of the cryptocurrency, creating downward pressure despite technical indicators suggesting a potential reversal, according to market data and on-chain analytics.

The cryptocurrency displayed bullish divergence on 12-hour charts, with the Relative Strength Index making a higher low while the price established a lower low over the prior month. This technical pattern typically precedes price reversals in traditional technical analysis.

However, substantial selling activity by large holders has complicated the technical outlook. A major wallet address sold a substantial amount of Ethereum in a concentrated period, according to blockchain data. Another dormant whale address transferred coins to an exchange after remaining inactive for years, a movement typically associated with selling intentions. Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin also sold a notable amount over recent days, data showed.

BitMine Immersion Technologies moved counter to the broader trend, substantially increasing its Ethereum holdings to represent a notable share of circulating supply, according to company disclosures. The firm maintains a large staked position generating annualized yield and completed a major purchase last week. The company has publicly stated an acquisition target that would capture a meaningful share of total supply.

Traditional financial institutions showed opposite behavior. Ethereum exchange-traded funds posted consecutive weeks of net outflows, indicating capital exiting these regulated investment products, according to fund flow data.

On-chain metrics presented mixed signals. New wallets received materially higher-than-normal inflows, whale inflows spiked well above average levels, and top profit-and-loss wallets added sizable amounts, blockchain analytics firms reported. The combination of ETF outflows and major whale selling has kept downward pressure on the price in the near term.

The cryptocurrency’s price trajectory depends on whether current support levels hold, analysts noted. A daily close below the key support level would invalidate the bullish divergence pattern and expose lower support zones. Technical analysts identified a downside scenario involving continued large holder selling, ongoing ETF outflows, and absent buying interest until a lower level triggers capitulation selling.

The alternative scenario requires the support level to hold, followed by a reclaim of recent consolidation highs, which would signal a reversal pattern and open movement toward the next technical resistance level, according to chart analysis.

Bitcoin surged sharply this week, briefly nearing $70,000 before pulling back. The move sparked debate across the market: has Bitcoin finally bottomed, or is this just another relief rally inside a broader bear phase?

Multiple on-chain, derivatives, and institutional indicators show early signs of stabilization. However, key signals still point to a fragile recovery rather than a confirmed bullish reversal.

Options Market Shows Fragile Conditions, Not Strong Support

Bitcoin’s options positioning recently shifted into what traders call a negative gamma regime, according to Glassnode’s GEX heatmap.

In simple terms, gamma measures how options market makers hedge risk. When Bitcoin sits in a negative gamma zone, dealer hedging tends to amplify price moves. 

That means rallies can accelerate quickly—but so can selloffs.

The heatmap also shows fewer strong resistance “gamma walls” above current prices. This creates less friction for upward moves, which helps explain Bitcoin’s sudden surge. 

However, it also means the market lacks structural stability. 

Without strong hedging support, price moves remain fragile and prone to reversal.

Bitcoin Spot Demand Is Improving for the First Time in Months

CryptoQuant data shows Bitcoin’s apparent demand, which measures net accumulation versus new supply, has turned positive for the first time since November.

This is an important early signal. When demand exceeds supply, it suggests buyers are stepping in and absorbing coins from sellers.

However, one positive shift does not confirm a full reversal. During past bear markets, temporary demand increases often occurred before further consolidation. 

A sustained trend of rising demand over several weeks would provide stronger confirmation.

Short-Term Holders Are Still Selling at Losses

Another key indicator comes from CryptoQuant’s short-term holder profit and loss data, which tracks whether newer investors are selling at gains or losses.

The data shows short-term holders have been selling at losses consistently since late January. Several major loss spikes occurred in early February and again recently.

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This pattern is known as capitulation, where weaker investors exit the market. Capitulation is common near market bottoms, because stronger buyers absorb those losses.

However, the signal has not fully reversed. 

Until short-term holders begin selling at profits again, analysts warn that rallies can become “exit liquidity,” where trapped investors sell into strength rather than holding.

Technical and Historical Data Suggest Selling Pressure Is Easing

Bitcoin’s relative strength index (RSI), a momentum indicator, recently recovered after reaching extremely oversold levels in early February. This suggests selling pressure has weakened.

Historically, such RSI recoveries often lead to short-term rebounds.

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Quarterly performance data also shows Bitcoin rarely experiences multiple consecutive quarters of heavy losses. 

While this pattern does not guarantee a bottom, it supports the view that the market may be entering a stabilization phase.

Institutional Flows Still Show Weakness

Institutional positioning remains a key concern. Earlier data showed Bitcoin ETFs experienced sustained outflows, and SEC filings revealed large investment advisors and hedge funds reduced exposure significantly in late 2025.

This suggests institutional demand has not fully returned. Strong bull markets typically require consistent inflows from large investors.

What did 13F filers do with the Bitcoin ETFs in Q4??

In what should not be much of a surprise — they were sellers. Advisors and Hedge Funds (the two largest holder categories) were the biggest sellers. Overall 13F Filers sold ETF shares equivalent to ~25,000 Bitcoin in 4Q 2025. pic.twitter.com/0MEbzXVDb1

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— James Seyffart (@JSeyff) February 24, 2026

Early Bottoming Signs, But Bull Market Not Confirmed

Bitcoin is showing several early bottoming signals. Spot demand is improving, capitulation appears to be getting absorbed, and technical indicators suggest selling pressure is fading.

However, key confirmation signals are still missing.

Short-term holders remain in loss territory, institutional flows remain weak, and options market structure shows fragile conditions.

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For now, Bitcoin’s rally appears more consistent with a relief bounce than a confirmed bull reversal. 

A sustained recovery will likely require stronger demand, renewed institutional inflows, and price stability above key resistance levels.

TLDR

• Kraken has launched Flexline, a fixed-rate crypto-backed loan product for Kraken Pro users.
• The loans offer terms ranging from two days to two years with annual rates between 10% and 25%.
• Users can borrow against supported cryptocurrencies without selling their digital assets.
• Kraken holds collateral in segregated wallets and includes it in its Proof of Reserves attestations.
• The platform may liquidate collateral if users breach maintenance requirements or fail to repay on time.

Kraken has launched Flexline, a fixed-rate crypto-backed loan service for Kraken Pro users. The product allows clients to borrow against digital assets without selling them. Kraken said it designed the service for advanced and institutional traders seeking liquidity.

Kraken rolls out Flexline with fixed terms and instant funding

Kraken offers loan terms from two days to two years with fixed annual rates. The platform lists annual percentage rates between 10% and 25%. However, Kraken has not disclosed specific loan-to-value ratios.

Users can post supported cryptocurrencies as collateral and receive funds almost instantly. They can receive proceeds in crypto or stablecoins based on regional eligibility. They can trade or withdraw the funds on the platform where permitted.

Kraken holds collateral in segregated wallets and includes it in Proof of Reserves attestations. The exchange said these attestations verify client assets on a 1:1 basis. Collateral faces liquidation if users breach maintenance requirements or miss repayment at maturity.

Borrowers can repay loans early using their account balances on Kraken Pro. However, Kraken charges an early repayment fee for such actions. The product remains unavailable in several jurisdictions, including the United States and the United Kingdom.

Kraken excludes Australia, Brazil, Canada, India, New Zealand, Switzerland, and the United Arab Emirates. The exchange restricts access based on local regulations and internal compliance standards.

Exchanges and DeFi platforms expand crypto-backed lending services

Coinbase has expanded its own crypto-backed loan product for eligible United States users. It allows borrowing up to $100,000 in USDC against assets such as XRP, Dogecoin, Cardano, and Litecoin.

The company lets users access liquidity without selling their tokens. It supports multiple digital assets as collateral under the updated program.

Outside exchanges, mortgage lender Rate has introduced a program called RateFi. The initiative allows qualified borrowers to use verified cryptocurrency holdings during underwriting.

Rate permits digital assets to count as reserves and sometimes as income. Borrowers can therefore avoid liquidating their holdings to meet requirements.

Decentralized finance lending protocols also continue to grow in total value locked. Data from DefiLlama shows about $51.9 billion locked across DeFi lending markets.

Active borrowing across these protocols stands near $30.8 billion, according to the same data. Aave holds nearly $26.9 billion in total value locked.

Morpho follows with around $5.8 billion in total value locked. On Feb. 15, Apollo Global Management partnered with Morpho to support blockchain-based lending infrastructure.

Apollo said it could acquire up to 90 million MORPHO tokens under the agreement. The asset manager oversees about $940 billion in assets.

Bitcoin BTC$68,541.21 experienced a volatile overnight trading session, rising by as much as 3.7% before giving back some of those gains.

The largest cryptocurrency remains in the black since midnight UTC, up by 2.4% to trade around $65,600. That’s still within a price range that has persisted over the past three weeks.

The altcoin market is also showing signs of life, with layer-1 tokens solana (SOL) and ADA$0.2975 each putting in a 4.5% rally while tokens including VIRTUAL, MORPHO and ETHFI climbed more than 10%.

U.S. equity index futures rose alongside the crypto market. Silver’s 4% rise since midnight suggests the broader risk-asset rally is speculative rather than news-driven.

The average crypto relative strength index (RSI) indicator has moved out of oversold territory back into a neutral zone, suggesting a period of consolidation might be on the cards on Wednesday.

Derivatives positioning

• Cumulative crypto futures open interest (OI) has risen by over 1.5% to $93.5 billion, although much of that notional growth comes from spot price appreciation rather than capital inflows.
• OI in bitcoin and ether (ETH) futures has largely held steady over 24 hours, with futures tied to tether gold (XAUT) seeing a 12% decline in open positions. Capital seems to be rotating out of gold-linked assets.
• TRX, AVAX, SOL, LINK and HBAR stand out as coins with the highest 24-hour cumulative volume delta. Positive CVD readings indicate that buying demand is outpacing selling demand.
• Bitcoin’s annualized 30-day implied volatility index, BVIV, dropped to 56%, reversing the early week pop to 65% to suggest market calm. This is supportive of continued recovery in BTC’s price. Ether’s volatility displays a similar pattern.
• On Deribit-listed bitcoin options, the $60,000 put has become the most popular play, reflecting downside concerns. Puts, or bearish bets, for both BTC and ETH continue to trade pricier than calls, or bullish ones.

Token talk

• The “altcoin season” indicator hit its highest level since early January on Wednesday, buoyed by rallies across the board.
• AI agent token VIRTUAL led the pack, rising 15.5% since midnight and more than 20% in the past 24 hours to make it the best-performing asset in the CoinDesk 80 (CD80) index, which added 1.7%.
• Restaking token ETHFI also rose more than 10% in the past 24 hours after CEO Mike Silagadze hinted at potentially rolling out a stablecoin.
• Lending platform Morpho’s native token rounded off Wednesday’s altcoin rally. It has now risen by 45.9% over the past 30 days after a 15% gain over the past 24 hours.
• On the flip side, toncoin (TON) and pippin (PIPPIN) are both in the red over the past 24 hours after increasing in value earlier this week, indicating asset rotation among traders and investors.

TLDR

• Russia will begin real-world testing of the digital ruble in coordination with the central bank and finance ministry.
• Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin announced the testing plan during a speech before the State Duma.
• Authorities scheduled a phased rollout of the digital ruble starting in September 2026.
• Major banks and large merchants must enable digital ruble payments from the first stage of implementation.
• Smaller banks and companies will have until September 2028 to comply with the new requirements.

Russia has confirmed it will begin real-world testing of the digital ruble soon, according to Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin. He announced the move before the State Duma while lawmakers reviewed the government’s annual report. At the same time, authorities prepared new legislation to legalize cryptocurrencies under strict state control.

Russia Moves Toward Digital Ruble Rollout

Prime Minister Mikhail Mishustin said the government will start active testing of the digital ruble shortly. He spoke before the State Duma and outlined coordination with financial authorities.

He said, “Regarding the digital ruble, my colleagues from the Bank of Russia and the Ministry of Finance and I will now begin actively testing it.”

He added that officials must build infrastructure and assess transactions before defining volumes and usage methods.

The Central Bank of Russia created the digital ruble as a central bank digital currency. It represents the third form of national fiat after cash and electronic bank money. The bank launched a limited pilot in August 2023 and involved selected participants. Authorities had planned a public launch for mid-2025, then postponed it to fall 2026 after President Vladimir Putin urged wider adoption.

Officials scheduled a phased introduction beginning September 1, 2026. Major banks and large merchants must offer digital ruble services from that date. Universal banks and firms with annual revenue above 30 million rubles will have one extra year to comply. Smaller institutions and companies must enable transactions by September 1, 2028, while very small retailers remain exempt.

Crypto Legalization Advances Under Strict Controls

Russian authorities have also prepared legislation to regulate decentralized digital assets. The Finance Ministry and the central bank drafted a bill that defines the structure of the domestic crypto market. According to reports, the draft will legalize activities such as investment and trading. The plan follows a central bank proposal published in December to classify cryptocurrencies and stablecoins as monetary assets.

Lawmakers aim to adopt the framework by July 1 under the current timetable. The bill sets a $4,000 cap on crypto purchases for non-qualified investors. It also establishes capital requirements for domestic platforms and strict compliance standards. Global exchanges must register local subsidiaries and store user data inside Russia or face blocking measures.

The regulatory push also affects digital ruble accounts. A February report stated that the Bank of Russia updated rules for opening such accounts. These rules introduce tighter procedures for users and service providers. Authorities continue to align both the CBDC rollout and crypto regulation under a unified legal framework.