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Fossil fuel projects face higher bar in UK as legal challenges mount

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In an unforgiving stretch of the North Sea roughly 250km east of Aberdeen, Shell’s engineers have been drilling since last September to develop the vast Jackdaw gasfield, aiming to produce its first gas in 2026.   

Yet in less than two months, lawyers for the FTSE 100 company will head to a courtroom in Edinburgh to try to defend the project from climate campaigners who want it shut down, after a judge ruled last week the case could proceed.  

The legal challenge brought by Greenpeace will be the first involving an offshore oil and gas project to be heard in the wake of a landmark Supreme Court ruling in June that has emboldened activists and tightened the squeeze on fossil fuel projects.

The so-called Finch ruling, named after the activist and writer Sarah Finch who helped bring the case, means that planning officials considering allowing big developers to drill for fossil fuels need to factor in the emissions spewed out when the product is used by consumers. 

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It raises further questions for the UK’s oil and gas industry in the North Sea as the Labour government tries to ultimately wind down fossil fuels in favour of renewable energy, and position Britain as a global leader in tackling climate change. 

There is also a push for planning officials to take into greater account climate goals when deciding whether to approve other projects beyond fossil fuels.

“One by one, spurious lines of defence are being knocked back,” said Niall Toru, senior lawyer at Friends of the Earth. “Developers have to own the climate impacts of their projects.”

The Finch ruling, a three-to-two majority judgment led by Lord Justice George Leggatt, quashed planning permission for onshore oil drilling in Horse Hill, Surrey. Two further projects have already been stymied in its wake. 

Permission for onshore oil drilling in Biscathorpe, Lincolnshire, was knocked back by High Court judges in July, while in September they also quashed permission for a mine in Whitehaven, north-west England, to supply coal to steel mills. 

The challenge to be heard in November against Shell’s Jackdaw gasfield will be the next test of the Finch ruling’s implications, as will a separate challenge brought by campaigners Greenpeace and Uplift to Equinor’s giant Rosebank oilfield in the North Sea. If the companies lose, they would need to decide whether to reapply for development consent or walk away. The government is not defending the cases.

Meanwhile, there are 14 UK oil and gas projects with drilling licences from the government that are at various stages of seeking development consent from the oil and gas regulator, and are now affected by the Finch ruling.

The judgment specifically covers fossil fuel projects, given the clear line between production and consumer emissions. But it is “not impossible” to imagine the ruling being cited in other carbon-intensive projects, noted Steven Wilson, senior associate at Vinson and Elkins. Airport expansions are an obvious target for climate campaigners. 

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“I think it will be fascinating to see how this will be applied in other types of projects,” said Matthew McFeeley, partner at Richard Buxton Solicitors, which represented South Lakes Action on Climate Change in its challenge to the Whitehaven coal mine. “It’s the million-dollar question.”

Approvals for oil and gas projects are not out of the question, however. The Finch ruling does not prevent authorities from approving projects, as long as they have considered their impact. The law does not specify what level of emissions is acceptable.

“That’s a hard question that will need to be taken case by case,” said Robert Meade, partner at Bracewell. “These [legal rulings] are about the procedure.” 

At Edinburgh’s Court of Session in November, Shell’s lawyers will argue the energy security benefits of its Jackdaw project. It was approved at the height of the energy crisis in 2022, when gas prices soared in the wake of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine. 

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To help clarify what officials should do, the UK government said last month it would develop new environmental guidance for oil and gas projects. It is expected to set tough standards, given its approach towards the sector so far.

Planning policy beyond oil and gas projects is also evolving. The government is continuing to explore potential changes proposed by its Conservative predecessor to the national planning policy framework, which covers planning in England. Ideas include a “carbon impact assessment”, although a consultation raised doubts over the proposal.

In the meantime, the legal cases are likely to further undermine oil and gas drillers’ confidence in the UK following Labour’s decision to increase taxes on the sector and reduce investment allowances. It also plans to stop issuing licences for new exploration.  

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“You’ll get to the stage where investors would be doing a disservice to their shareholders if they were to allocate capital here,” warned one industry figure. Oil and gas still supplies 75 per cent of the UK’s total energy demand, but domestic production has been dwindling as the basin ages.

Climate campaigners, on the other hand, sense the growing opportunity for legal victories. “We are always looking [at potential legal cases],” adds Toru, at Friends of the Earth. “I wouldn’t rule anything out.”

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UK economy grew less than thought in spring

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UK economy grew less than thought in spring

UK economic growth between April and June was less than previously estimated, according to official figures.

Gross domestic product (GDP) – which measures all the economic activity of companies, governments and people in a country – rose by 0.5%, down from an initial reading of 0.6%.

The manufacturing and construction sectors fell by more than first thought.

The data has emerged as the Labour government, which has made economic growth one of its key policies, prepares to announce its first Budget in four weeks’ time.

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The Office for National Statistics (ONS), which published the figures, said the production of transport and related equipment tumbled by 3.1% between April and June after a long period of growth.

It was first estimated to have fallen by 0.7%.

The ONS said there was evidence to suggest that factories had reduced manufacturing as they prepared for the shift to making electric cars.

Construction also dropped due to a continuing decline in building new homes. However, the ONS said there were some signs this was beginning to ease.

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Paul Dales, chief UK economist at Capital Economics, said the downward revision “shouldn’t make the Bank of England worry too much about the economy running out of momentum”.

However, he added: “It may add to the Bank’s view that interest rates need to be reduced further.”

The Bank of England cut interest rates for the first time in nearly four years in August, to 5% from 5.25%.

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Calton brings in industry heavyweight Bruce Hendry to run Edinburgh office

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Calton brings in industry heavyweight Bruce Hendry to run Edinburgh office

Financial planning firm Calton has appointed Bruce Hendry as executive director to lead its head office in Edinburgh

He will take up the role from today (30 September).

The appointment is the capstone of a year of growth and consolidation and is key to Calton’s strategy for UK growth.

Bruce Hendry and Tom Ham. Photo credit: Euan Myles

Hendry is a chartered fellow of both the Personal Finance Society and the Chartered Institute for Securities and Investment.

He holds an Executive MBA from Edinburgh University Business School and has previously lectured at Dundee and Edinburgh Universities.

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He has held previous roles at Thomson Cooper Accountants, Charles Stanley and Co and Barclays Wealth and Investment Management.

He will join Tom Ham, Laura Bruce, Gary Dale and Mark Polson on the company’s board of directors.

Commenting on his appointment, Hendry said: “I have been watching Calton’s development closely. The firm’s vision aligns with mine – to build client confidence through delivering exceptional outcomes and service.

“Much of that is about values, but Calton is also breaking new ground in developing systems that will help make that vision a reality. I look forward to showcasing this to the profession.”

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Calton Wealth uses AI to cut out ‘menial tasks’ for advisers

Calton founder and group chief executive Tom Ham said: “Bruce choosing Calton is a vote of confidence in our mission and ambition.

“He has already built a distinguished senior career in advising and investment management across the UK and has a proven track record of building and growing departments.

“His expertise and dynamism is second to none. He will be an essential force in taking Calton and our talented team to new heights in the service we offer our clients.”

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Over the past 12 months, Calton has moved to a new flagship office in Rutland Square in the heart of Edinburgh’s financial district.

Calton Wealth makes first acquisition in ‘key step’ for growth plans

It has increased its client-facing and support staff and launched a new digital presence. A groundbreaking new management system will launch later this autumn.

Ham added: “We are focused firmly on a future in which technological solutions will ease friction in our day-to-day processes while ensuring that we adhere to the highest professional standards.

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“Our bespoke management system will be an essential tool across our team, from advisers to paraplanners, to marketing, monitoring and reporting.”

Calton is a financial planning and investment management firm founded in Edinburgh by Tom Ham in 2021.

With offices in London and the Scottish Borders, it has clients across the UK.

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ITA Airways looks to its heritage with “Inspired by Alitalia” tagline

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ITA Airways looks to its heritage with “Inspired by Alitalia” tagline

The carrier will also display the Alitalia logo at “select strategic touchpoints”

Continue reading ITA Airways looks to its heritage with “Inspired by Alitalia” tagline at Business Traveller.

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UK house prices rise at fastest pace in two years

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UK house prices rose at their fastest annual pace for two years in September, in a sign of the impact of falling mortgage rates on the property market.

The average property price rose by an annual rate of 3.2 per cent, up from 2.4 per cent in August and the fastest rate since November 2022, according to new figures from mortgage lender Nationwide.

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Economists polled by Reuters had expected a rise of 2.7 per cent.

Line chart of Average house price, £ '000 showing House prices rise at fastest pace for 2 years

On a monthly basis, the rise was 0.7 per cent, bringing the UK’s average house price to £266,094, about 2 per cent below the all-time highs recorded in the summer of 2022.

Robert Gardner, chief economist at Nationwide, said increases in incomes had continued to outstrip the rise in house prices in recent months, while borrowing costs had edged lower amid expectations that the Bank of England would continue to lower interest rates.

“These trends have helped to improve affordability for prospective buyers and underpinned a modest increase in activity and house prices, though both remain subdued by historic standards,” he said.

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UK economy grew less than first thought GDP figures show – what it means for your money

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UK economy grew less than first thought GDP figures show - what it means for your money

THE UK economy grew less than first thought, revised GDP figures show.

Gross Domestic Product went up by 0.5%, not 0.6%, in the second quarter of this year, the Office for National Statistics (ONS) has said.

The UK economy grew less than first thought, revised GDP figures show

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The UK economy grew less than first thought, revised GDP figures showCredit: Alamy

Growth was mainly driven by a rise in the services sector, but the manufacturing and construction industries industry dragged down the headline figure, according to the ONS.

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It comes following GDP growth of 0.7% from January to March, which was revised up from 0.6% previously.

GDP measures the value of goods and services produced in the UK.

It also estimates the size and growth of the economy.

The fresh figures published this morning show that the UK economy continued its recovery from recession at the end of last year, just at a slightly slower pace than previously thought.

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Compared with the same quarter a year ago, real GDP is estimated to have increased by 0.7% between April to June this year.

The latest figures still mean that GDP has grown for two consecutive quarters and will come as a boost to the Government despite inflation sticking to 2.2% in August.

Liz McKeown, director of economic statistics, ONS said: “Today’s updated GDP figures for 2023 and 2024 include new annual survey data, VAT returns and updated information about the relative size of each industry for the first time.

“However, after taking on these improvements, the quarterly growth path across the last 18 months is virtually unchanged.”

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Ms McKeown also added that according to the latest data show that household savings continue to increase and are now at their highest rate since the Covid-19 lockdowns.

Economists had previously predicted the UK economy would continue to grow across the second quarter of this year, with higher growth expected in the second part of 2024 and into 2025.

It came following inflation slowing to 2.2% from a record high of 11.1% in October 2022.

The UK economy shrank by 0.3% in the last three months of 2023 meaning it tipped into a technical recession, defined as two or more quarters in a row of falling Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

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But, the recession was considered “mild” compared to others in recent history.

However, experts say that today’s revised figures show the pace of economic recovery may have been “slightly overstated”.

Professor Sarwar Khawaja FRSA, chairman, executive board, Oxford Business College, said: “The downward revision of quarterly growth from 0.6% to 0.5% sounds like a minor book-keeping change, but it is more significant than it might appear at first glance.

“It suggests that the initial optimism about the pace of economic recovery may have been slightly overstated.

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“The revision primarily stems from a less robust performance in the services sector than initially thought, with growth adjusted from 0.8% to 0.6%.”

He added that due to services accounting for around 80% of the UK economy, this morning’s adjustment has “considerable implications”.

“While the sector is still growing, it is facing more headwinds than previously estimated,” he said.

What it means for your money

GDP is a measure of the economic output of companies, individuals and governments and how healthy an economy is.

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A healthy economy is one where GDP is growing but if it stalls or is falling, it’s bad news for businesses and consumers.

Most economists, politicians and businesses want to see GDP rising steadily.

This is because it usually means people are spending more, more tax is paid to the government and workers get better pay rises.

A healthy economy usually means lower inflation, rising employment, less poverty, and more money in your pocket.

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Lower inflation is good because it means prices don’t rise as fast, putting less financial pressure on households.

The consumer Prices Index (CPI) inflation stood at 2.2% in August, stalling from July following a slight rise from 2% the previous month.

However, this is still significantly lower than October 2022, when it peaked at 11.1% following soaring wholesale energy prices.

It’s important to note when inflation falls that doesn’t mean prices have stopped rising, they are just increasing at a slower pace.

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The BoE will be watching the latest GDP figures closely as it decides whether to lower its base rate further in the second half of the year.

The central bank cut the base rate from 5.25% to 5% earlier this month, with expectations it could be dropped further this year.

High street banks and lenders use the BoE base rate to set their own interest rates on mortgagesloans and savings accounts.

If it comes down, interest rates on mortgages, loans and savings accounts tend to fall too.

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Mortgage lenders also tend to bring down rates in anticipation of the base rate falling.

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House price growth at near two-year high, says Nationwide

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House price growth at near two-year high, says Nationwide

UK house prices in September rose by 3.2% compared with a year ago – the fastest rate for nearly two years, according to the Nationwide.

The building society said that annual growth was highest since November 2022, with terraced homes driving the increase.

It said rising incomes and the expectation of falls in interest rates were improving affordability for buyers.

The average UK house price in September was £266,094, it said.

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The latest survey comes as competition has intensified between lenders in recent months.

Brokers say that providers have been offering the best deals to new, house-purchasing customers, rather than those who are remortgaging.

Nationwide, which is the UK’s largest building society, recently announced new borrowers could request a mortgage up to six times of their total income with a 5% deposit, but it would only be available for those taking out a five or 10-year fixed-rate deal.

Other lenders have also been lowering the rates of interest they charge.

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However, the cost of a mortgage deposit, as well as the monthly repayments, remain major hurdles for potential first-time buyers trying to buy a home.

House prices have been relatively stagnant in the last year, as activity in the UK housing market has been limited.

But many commentators suggest, with interest rates expected to fall, demand from buyers could now pick up.

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