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Green fuel, energy efficient measures and use of technology can help reduce carbon emissions in maritime sector: Experts- The Week

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‘Banks have a problem financing shipyards,’ says Cochin Shipyard MD at THE WEEK Maritime Conclave 2024- The Week

Can green ships be a reality? Is there enough being done to address the carbon emissions within the maritime industry? What is the latest in the field of sustainable ports? These topics were intensely discussed by industry experts and stakeholders during one of the panel discussions at The Week’s Maritime Conclave 2024 held at ITC Grand Chola in Chennai. 

One of the speakers was Sushil Singh, Chairman, Deendayal Port Authority, Kandla and he relied on figures and statistics to explain the practical challenges that await the industry as well as the country if it resolutes to reducing Green House Gas (GHG) emissions. 

There are 38,000 vessels in international trade burning 200 million tonnes of conventional fossil fuel annually emitting one billion tonnes of carbon dioxide, he said and added that by 2050, the GHG emissions will increase along with the maritime trade raising “serious concerns.” However, he suggested that if net zero GHG emissions have to be achieved as per the strategy and roadmap outlined by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO), action has to be taken immediately. He pitched for short, medium and long-term measures tackle the issue.

“On the short term side, energy-efficient measures need to be adopted like slow steaming, frequent cleaning of propellers, fiction management, optimization of weather routing and usage of energy-efficient technologies on board. So these measures need to be adopted on shipping lines on an immediate basis, but then these have their own limitations in terms of the potential that they offer for total reduction of GHG,” he said. 

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He pointed out that in the current times, the availability of alternate fuels like methanol, green ammonia, green hydrogen, and its derivatives would be challenging and also expensive given that alternate fuel costs at least 2.5 to 3 times more than fossil fuel. He said that to produce these variants of fuel on a large scale sufficient for the maritime sector to achieve net zero, the production infrastructure has to be upgraded which would require significant investments. 

“Scaling up of availability of fuel and improving the affordability of the fuel by reducing the price gap between the fossil fuel and alternative fuel—these are the two factors that will decide how far, how fast and how quickly we can transition from fossil fuel-based transportation system to an alternative, low carbon transportation ecosystem. So India will also have to overcome these two points —affordability and availability.” 

Dr. S Nallayarasu, Head, ocean Engineering Department, IIT Madras was asked about infrastructure development exercises in ports that would ensure sustainability in the long run. He took a critical view and said that capacities are being added without addressing the need to upgrade or replace existing infrastructure. 

“If you go around east and west coast, at least major ports, most of the major ports have already saturated. Most of them have no physical space to develop. I visited almost all the ports, the infrastructure in terms of physical structures, mechanical equipments and the evacuation systems, Is as old as more than 30 years,” he said, “Normally, we forget that the infrastructure is ageing and we keep adding the capacity but not infrastructure enhancement thinking that the system life is infinite.” He said in such scenarios there are chances of the system failing if its stretched beyond its limit. 

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In terms of solutions for long-term infrastructure modernisation, Nallayarasu suggested a new approach by adopting unique Master plan and a corpus fund. 

He felt that a master plan for ports should reflect on previous master plans to understand what went wrong and what needs reformed instead of going for a completely new master plan. He proposed a corpus fund for ports that would take care of infrastructure enhancements or new additions for the next 50 years including building new structures, if need be. He also said that well-trained manpower and integrating technological solutions operations will also help in smooth and ideal functioning of sustainable ports.  

Naveen Prakash, SICCI SCM’s Chair and Director, Global Logistics spoke on how his company was supporting MSME’s by giving customers options to ship low-weight cargo at competitive prices. Regarding their contribution to sustainability, he said that his company was ensuring that through technology, they have weeded out the need for customers to travel physically due to the ease of online services.  

Moderator Lekha Ravi, Assistant Professor, School of Maritime Management, Indian Maritime University, appreciated The Week for conducting the event. 

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“We are actually amazed at the long list of eminent personalities from maritime sector which The week has got together and each of them has put so much on our plate that it has been a veritable feast of what is what, who is who, coming from who’s who in the maritime sector.”

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NYT Strands today: hints, spangram and answers for Thursday, November 7

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NYT Strands today: hints, spangram and answers for Saturday, September 21

Strands is a brand new daily puzzle from the New York Times. A trickier take on the classic word search, you’ll need a keen eye to solve this puzzle.

Like Wordle, Connections, and the Mini Crossword, Strands can be a bit difficult to solve some days. There’s no shame in needing a little help from time to time. If you’re stuck and need to know the answers to today’s Strands puzzle, check out the solved puzzle below.

How to play Strands

You start every Strands puzzle with the goal of finding the “theme words” hidden in the grid of letters. Manipulate letters by dragging or tapping to craft words; double-tap the final letter to confirm. If you find the correct word, the letters will be highlighted blue and will no longer be selectable.

If you find a word that isn’t a theme word, it still helps! For every three non-theme words you find that are at least four letters long, you’ll get a hint — the letters of one of the theme words will be revealed and you’ll just have to unscramble it.

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Every single letter on the grid is used to spell out the theme words and there is no overlap. Every letter will be used once, and only once.

Each puzzle contains one “spangram,” a special theme word (or words) that describe the puzzle’s theme and touches two opposite sides of the board. When you find the spangram, it will be highlighted yellow.

The goal should be to complete the puzzle quickly without using too many hints.

Hint for today’s Strands puzzle

Today’s theme is Extremely online”

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Here’s a hint that might help you: actions you do while connecting online.

Today’s Strand answers

NYT Strands logo.
NYT

Today’s spanagram

We’ll start by giving you the spangram, which might help you figure out the theme and solve the rest of the puzzle on your own:

Today’s Strands answers

  • LIKE
  • SHARE
  • COMMENT
  • FOLLOW
  • POST
  • TWEET
  • REPOR






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US court dismisses lawsuit filed against Google over gift card scam

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US court dismisses lawsuit filed against Google over gift card scam

Earlier this year, an Indiana resident, Judy May, filed a class action lawsuit against Google. The plaintiff accused the Mountain View giant of illegally profiting from the Google Play gift card scams by refusing to refund victims. Fast forward to today, the US District Judge Beth Labson Freeman has dismissed the lawsuit concluding that Google is not liable for any losses incurred by such a gift card scam.

Google wins the lawsuit filed over gift card scam

Yesterday, Reuters reported that Google won this case because the plaintiff, Judy May, failed to prove her accusations. Judy May reportedly couldn’t prove how Google was responsible for her losses. Neither was she able to prove that Google knowingly received the stolen funds in front of the court.

The Judge also said that Google was not liable for keeping the standard 15% to 30% commission on purchases made by the scammer with the gift cards. That’s because this practice from Google was unrelated to the initial fraud.

The plaintiff, Judy May, suffered a loss of $1,000 after falling victim to a gift card scam in April 2021. The scammer posing as her relative tricked May into buying Google Play gift cards saying she might get federal grant money. Sadly, May not only bought the gift cards but also provided the gift card codes to the scammer who then used them to make purchases.

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What was the lawsuit about

The lawsuit argued that the tech giant should have warned consumers about gift card scams. And, that those asking for payment with cards could be scammers. Although the District Court Judge dismissed the lawsuit, Judy May still has the option to refile her case. However, the judge has permanently dismissed her claims for triple damages.

Well, this is just one case. According to the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), Americans alone have lost $217 million in gift card or reload card fraud. Moreover, the actual amount might be much higher as the number is only an estimation based on reported cases.

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The best ereaders for 2024

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The best ereaders for 2024

There are really two types of ereaders: Dedicated ebook/audiobook devices or slabs that are more akin to small tablets with E Ink screens. In the first category, the competition is really between Amazon’s Kindle devices and Rakuten’s Kobo readers. Ereaders in the latter group include entries from Onyx Boox, PocketBook and a couple of smaller companies.

Of course, any smartphone or tablet can act as an ereader, but for our purposes, we focused on devices with paper-like, E Ink screens. After buying, borrowing and reading ebooks using a dozen ereaders, my top recommendation is Kobo’s latest, the Clara Colour. But there are situations where a Kindle might make more sense, and Boox options will satisfy those who want to do more than just read. Here are the best ereaders you can buy, with picks based on more than a year of testing.

Photo by Amy Skorheim / Engadget

Screen size: 6” | Display type: Black/white and color E Ink | Resolution: 300 dpi black & white, 150 dpi color | Capacity: 16GB| Battery life: Weeks | Waterproof rating: IPX8 (submergible to 6 feet for 60 minutes) | Warm light: Yes | Lock screen ads: No

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Read our full Kobo Clara Colour review

Our previous pick for this category, the Kobo Clara 2E was an excellent ereader with a crisp display, a warm glow and responsive, intuitive touch controls all housed in a waterproof design that felt premium. When Rakuten announced the Clara would be updated, I worried we’d see Kobo device with superfluous revamping to justify an inflated price. Thankfully, that’s not the case. The Kobo Clara Colour not only adds color and a faster processor, it’s just $10 more than the previous generation.

As the name suggests, this ereader adds color to the page, lending a little vibrance to book covers, tables and graphs, and even the panels of graphic novels. The technology comes from E Ink, in the form of the Kaleido 3 module that incorporates a color filter layer on top of the standard black and white microcapsule layer. That results in two different resolutions on one screen: 150 dpi for color and 300 dpi for text.

Full-color pages remind me of comic book art from the ‘60s, muted but saturated. Color makes book covers more enticing and adds a little variety to headings, and tables in some non-fiction books. It’s certainly not a necessary feature, but it adds vibrance and it’s fun. 

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There is a slight difference in clarity between the color and non-color version of the Clara. If you look closely, you can see a bit of noise on the white parts of the page. That’s due to the added color filter layer. It’s not distracting and only something I noticed when comparing the two generations side-by-side. but if absolute clarity is your primary goal, you may be better off with a non-color ereader.

Probably the more useful upgrade here is the dual 2GHz processor, a bump from the Clara 2E’s 1GHz CPU. There’s a noticeable improvement in the speed of the page turns and navigating from the menu to the page and back again is nearly instantaneous. As with the 2E, the Colour rarely mistakes a swipe for a tap or a page turn gesture for a menu request.

The adjustable warm front light is still here (it’s actually a little warmer on the Colour) and makes reading at night easy on the eyes. The operating system is the same, with intuitive access to the Kobo store, your personal books and titles from your local library via Overdrive. You can customize your reading experience with options for font, font size, line spacing, margins and so on. Kobos don’t have a way to save a group of display settings like the Kindle does, so I’d love to see that added with future OS upgrades. But for now, the customizations are just enough to get your book how you want it to look.

The Colour is nearly identical in shape and size, and has the same premium feel as the 2E, though the plastic has a grainier finish. The bezels are noticeably less flush with the screen now, though that didn’t alter my reading enjoyment.

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Now that it costs $150, the Kobo Clara Colour is $40 more than the base model Kindle. But the waterproof build, warm front light, responsive controls and lack of ads (which cost $20 to get rid of on Amazon’s device) make it worth it. And, in great news for the right to repair crowd, it’s even designed to be user-repaired once it falls outside of warranty through a partnership with iFixit. 

Rakuten still makes the Kobo Clara BW, which is nearly identical to our previous “best overall” pick. It doesn’t suffer from the slight clarity loss that the color overlay presents, but it also still has the older processor.   

Of course, if you already own a mountain of Kindle books, you may want to stick with Amazon’s system. In that case, your best bet is . It costs $160 and was recently updated with a more powerful processor and new E Ink tech that makes it exceptionally speedy with high-contrast text. The warm light is great and the flush front screen feels premium. Of course, Amazon now has its own color model too, the , but at $280, it’s significantly more expensive than the Clara Colour and even the Paperwhite Signature Edition.

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Pros
  • Customizable settings
  • Even more responsive touch controls
  • Color is pleasant and text is crisp
Cons
  • Kobo’s store not as vast as Kindle’s.

$150 at Rakuten Kobo

 

Photo by Amy Skorheim / Engadget

Screen size: 6” | Display type: Black/white E Ink | Resolution: 300dpi | Capacity: 16GB | Battery life: 6 weeks | Waterproof rating: None | Warm light: No | Lock screen ads: Yes

If you just want to read books, and have no need for the perks that the fancier ereaders bring (color, waterproof rating, warm light, etc), then the base model is for you. The six-inch, non-flush display is housed in a textured plastic that feels less premium than, say, the Paperwhite or even the two Kobos on our list, but still feels plenty durable. And it’s small enough to fit in a coat or back pocket making it very travel-friendly.

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It’s unfortunate that the 2024 model is $10 more than the 2022 model when not much has changed, but it’s still the cheapest ereader from any of the major manufacturers. And if we know one thing about Amazon, it’s that the company loves a good sale, so you’ll likely find it on discount if you can hold out for Prime Day or Black Friday deals.

The Kindle is a no-frills gateway to the best of what Amazon has to offer, including titles, with books by established authors as well as newer, self-published writers; offers the widest selection of any subscription-based reading service out there; and is made up of narrated titles and podcasts you can only hear through a Kindle device or Amazon-owned app.

If you like to switch between audiobooks and ebooks, Kindle is the way to go. When you buy both iterations of a title, you not only get a discount, but the Whispersync feature lines up where you are in the e-printed version with the narration, too. Say you listen for an hour and then want to read – the synchronization lets you pick up on-screen where you left off audibly. (Though we should point out that you can’t listen and read simultaneously on the same device.) In tests, the feature was fairly accurate, getting me close enough on the page or in the audio to figure out my spot.

Page turns are quicker on the new model but I’m disappointed that there’s still no way to adjust the zones and responses to touchscreen gestures, like there is on both Kobo and Boox devices. Kindles all have a very narrow strip on the left for going back a page and I’m constantly missing it and going forward instead. Though swipes generally work well.

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Probably the most noticeable missing feature is the lack of warm light. Compared to any ereader with that option, the screen on the standard Kindle appears harsh and bluish, but it’s still far easier on your eyes than a phone or tablet screen. There’s plenty of customization for the font, size and margins, too. You can even save your settings as a “theme,” something not offered by other devices. I created one with larger text and wider line spacing called “tired eyes.”

Some people won’t be bothered by the lock screen ads that come standard on this Kindle (unless you pay $20 to remove them). They’re fairly innocuous, mostly promoting Kindle book deals or specific titles (it’s not like you’ll see promos for TVs or robotic pool cleaners). Personally, I like being able to set the sleep screen to the book cover of what I’m currently reading, but it’s easy to get over that if all you want is a more convenient way to consume books at the lowest price.

Pros
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  • The most affordable ereader
  • Compact and durable build is highly portable
  • Grants access to Kindle’s vast ebook catalog plus library books
  • Best integration between audio and text
Cons
  • No warm light
  • Not waterproof
  • Can’t read third party ebooks

$110 at Amazon

Photo by Amy Skorheim / Engadget

Screen size: 7” | Display type: Black/white and color E Ink | Resolution: 300 dpi black & white, 150 dpi color | Capacity: 32GB | Battery life: Weeks | Waterproof rating: IPX8 (submergible to 6 feet for 60 minutes) | Warm light: Yes | Lock screen ads: No

When Kobo came out with the new Clara Colour, it also debuted the new Libra Colour, which might be the more exciting of the two devices. In addition to color technology from the E Ink Kaleido panel and an upgraded processor, the Libra now has stylus support. It’s the only ereader on this list with that feature, making it a lot like a small E Ink tablet — but all of its new features actually make it a better ereader.

When I wrote about the previous generation ereader, the Libra 2, I was impressed by how comfortable it was for reading. None of that has changed; the buttons and auto-rotating screen adapt the device to just about any reading position you chose and the thin design, textured back and soft-touch plastic give it a premium feel.

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Kobo’s interface is nearly the same here as with other models, nicely organized to let you easily find your current reads or browse and search new titles from Kobo’s store or your local library in the Overdrive tab. The customizations for light and text let you get the page looking just how you like it, but there aren’t so many options that it feels like you’re writing code.

The new features add to the experience. In color, book covers all look more enticing — though, if your TBR list is already three feet long, this won’t not help things. The new processor makes waking from sleep, turning pages, navigating the menu and changing orientation zippy fast.

Then there’s the status compatibility. Try as they might, some new technologies don’t yet beat their real-world counterparts. That’s mostly how I feel about styluses — I’m just a big fan of pen on paper. But Kobo’s stylus makes it so fun to highlight text and scribble notes in the margins of a book that I’m starting to come around. Plus, it neatly and magnetically attaches to the side so it doesn’t get lost.

Pressing and holding the button on the side of the stylus highlights text while flipping it around erases. I accidentally pressed the button a few times when I was trying to write, but I got used to the placement after a few minutes of using it. You can pick from four different highlighter colors and view your written notes and spotlighted text in the notes section of any title — which I could see being pretty useful for book club reads, school assignments or just refreshing yourself on a past read before you dive into the sequel.

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Writing in the margins or directly on the text worked on every book I tried. Though I should point out that if you change the font size in a book, your handwritten notes will be converted to a sticky note-type box. Going back to the original font restores your original scribbles.

The Kobo Libra Colour is $30 more expensive than the Libra 2, but you get a lot for $220. If it were just an ereader, the lovely colors, responsive reading experience, fast page turns and easy highlights would make it worth the price. But you also get features that make it more than just an ereader, like Dropbox and Google Drive integration, a beta web browser and free-writing and text-converting notebooks.

Of course, the stylus costs extra and you won’t get features like notebooks and writing in the margins without it. Together, the set costs $290, which is a considerable $110 cheaper than the recently (and most popular) stylus-enabled ereader, . That one has a bigger, 10.2-inch screen, which is nice for writing but, for me, is a little big for an ereader. The Libra Colour on the other hand has just the right features at the right size, plus some extras that stretch its usefulness.

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Pros
  • Premium build that’s comfortable to hold
  • Crisp text and lovely colors
  • Responsive and intuitive touch controls and buttons
  • Adding the stylus allows for margin notes
Cons
  • Kobo’s store is less vast than Kindle’s

$220 at Rakuten Kobo

Photo by Amy Skorheim / Engadget

Screen size: 6” | Display type: Black/white E Ink | Resolution: 300dpi | Capacity: 32GB | Battery life: 12 weeks | Waterproof rating: IPX8 | Warm light: Yes, auto adjustable | Lock screen ads: No

Read our full Kindle Paperwhite Signature Edition review

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When I reviewed the new Kindle Paperwhite Signature Edition, I was struck by the elevated reading experience it provided. It’s remarkably fast, the text is wonderfully crisp and it has a premium design that feels great to hold. Amazon was able to improve page turn and scrolling speeds for both the standard Paperwhite and the Signature Edition by giving them new processors and using an oxide thin-film transistor layer to enable faster changes on the page. The layer also allows for better display clarity than other transistor layers.

Both the standard and Signature models have warm front lights that cast a lovely glow across a screen that’s a little larger now at 7-inches (up from 6.8 last time). The battery life is longer, promising up to 12 weeks (instead of 10), meaning you’ll rarely need to charge your ereader. Despite that, the Paperwhite models are actually three millimeters thinner than the previous generation (and just a touch heavier).

With the Signature Edition, you also get auto-adjusting front lights that dim or brighten as daylight fades or you move from room to room. The storage capacity goes up from 16GB to 32GB, so even if you download a whole bunch of audiobooks, you aren’t likely to run out of space too quickly. And finally, you get a wireless charging option for the periodic occasions when it’s time for a refill. All of those features are nice to have, though not necessary — but for anyone who wants to read ebooks in the most luxe way possible, the Signature model is the one to go for.

If you want an experience that’s nearly as deluxe, but don’t need the wireless charging, auto-adjusting lights and extra capacity, the Paperwhite is still noticeably more premium than the standard Kindle, while still getting you access to all the perks that only Kindles offer, like Goodreads integration, Kindle Exclusive titles, Kindle Unlimited subscription books and Whispersync tech that lines up your audio and ebook reads so you can swap between the two formats.

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Pros
  • Screen displays crisp text with a lovely warm light
  • Flush-front screen and soft-touch back feel premium
  • Noticeably faster page turns and scrolling
  • Auto-adjusting warm front light is helpful
Cons
  • Power button on the bottom edge is easy to accidentally trigger
  • Can’t adjust touch screen controls
  • Fewer page and font adjustments than the competition
  • The features exclusive to the Signature aren’t essential

$200 at Amazon

Photo by Amy Skorheim / Engadget

Screen size: 7” | Display type: Black/white and color E Ink | Resolution: 300 dpi black & white, 150 dpi color | Capacity: 64GB | Battery life: Weeks | Waterproof rating: splash-resistant | Warm light: Yes | Lock screen ads: No

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Color E Ink screens are the “new” thing in ereaders — even though the tech has been commercially available since around 2010. E Ink announced its Kaleido 3 display in 2022, and with the right combination of color saturation and clarity, it’s now appealing enough for general consumption. The latest ereaders from both Boox and Kobo are color models, and there’s little doubt Amazon will stick color in a Kindle in the near future (possibly as a replacement to the now-unavailable Kindle Oasis).

The Boox Go Color 7 (Amazon, Boox) is a natural choice to supplant our previous winner in this category. The Boox Page is still available, and represents a great multipurpose tablet that easily handles ereader and tablet duties. The new Go Color not only layers color on top of that, it also has double the storage capacity, an extra gig of RAM and ships with Android 12. The back is also textured instead of slick, an upgrade my accident-prone fingers are grateful for. And all of this comes at the same $250 list price as the Page.

Boox stuck a faster quad-core processor in the Page. That made for a noticeable uptick in speed when compared to the reader’s predecessor, the Leaf 2. This looks to be the same CPU in the Go Color and I haven’t noticed a huge speed difference with the new reader — though it’s plenty fast. The battery has the same 2,300mAh capacity, but ereader batteries last the order of a few weeks, so an upgrade in that department wasn’t really necessary.

The Go Color 7 runs on a fork of Android 12, which allows it to act more like a tablet than a conventional ereader. Like all Boox devices, this approach is best suited for the tech-savvy. Unlike a Kindle or Kobo, which come preconfigured with a store and easy library-book access, Boox ereaders offer little hand-holding in setup and usage. While there is a store, it’s made up of public domain titles — most people will read books by uploading ePubs manually or through ereader apps like Kobo, Kindle, Libby and others from the built-in Google Play store.

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Boox’s built-in ereader app, NeoReader, is nicely featured with a good amount of control over the look of the text. But it only handles DRM-free ePubs from sites like Project Gutenberg or publishers like Tor. If you want to read ePubs with digital rights management, which make up the vast majority of current ebooks, you’ll need to use a different app. Ironically, I’ve been using PocketBook’s ereader app to read DRM ePubs I bought from third parties.

The tablet is impressively customizable, with programmable buttons and fine-tunable settings. Boox users have created APK files to tweak and improve the experience further. The device even has a microphone and speakers, and can run apps like Spotify. In short, the Go Color 7 can do far more than a typical ereader can, if you’re willing to experiment.

The reading experience is enhanced with a soft, adjustable front light with temperature control that makes for pleasant low-light reading and the flush, glare-free, screen is lush and detailed. Like all color ereaders, you do give up a modicum of clarity to accommodate the color array, and the warmth is noticeably more yellow. I only noticed the contrast when I set comparable ereaders side-by-side and, really, it’s the difference between a super duper crisp screen and only a super crisp screen.

The soft and muted colors have a saturated look like watercolors or old comic book illustrations. Comparing the same book cover on the Kobo Clara Colour and this, the Boox hues do look a touch grainier and less rich. But that’s a small sacrifice if you need an ereader that can do far more than just carry your books around.

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Pros
  • Capable, customizable tablet
  • Supports multiple ereader apps
  • Solid build with a muted color screen
Cons
  • Not easy for beginners
  • Native ereader app doesn’t support DRM files
  • Built-in store is only public domain titles

$250 at Onyx Boox

Photo by Amy Skorheim / Engadget

Screen size: 6.13” Resolution: 300 dpi | Capacity: 128GB | Water resistant: Yes, splashes and spills | Warm light: Yes | Lock screen ads: No

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Boox makes two sizes of its ereader. The is smaller than the , doesn’t have buttons and goes for about $80 less. But after trying it, I don’t recommend it. It’s laggy and getting the Google Play Store to work was a pain. Once I did, page turns in apps like Kindle were excruciatingly slow.

The Boox , however, is quite fun. It’s the same size and shape as a smartphone and, in a lot of ways, acts like one. The home screen is a muted black and white version of what you might find on a standard Android — you can even add a few widgets. Like the Page, it can download and run apps from the Google Play Store and has speakers to play music and videos. The E Ink screen (a Carta 1200) renders text crisply, but images, particularly moving ones, look far grainier and rougher than they would on a real phone’s LED screen. That said, the video quality is the best I’ve seen on an E Ink screen, thanks to a software improvement Boox calls Super Refresh Technology.

But make no mistake, it’s not going to replace your phone. Wi-Fi and Bluetooth are the only connectivity and the 16MP camera is just for making document scans you can convert to PDFs. But the phone-like build is comfortingly familiar and the E Ink screen is lovely to read. At $280, it’s more expensive than a standard ereader — and some E Ink tablets — but it’s a highly portable way to read Kindle, Kobo, Google Books and other ePubs, while also handling simple games and apps like a smartphone. If you’re sick of the glow of your handset, the Boox Palma is a charming alternative.

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$246 at Amazon

Plenty of apps, including the Kindle app, will let you download and read digital books on a phone or tablet. But what makes ebook readers different is the screen: nearly all of them use technology from a company called E Ink. It manufactures electronic paper displays (EPD) composed of three sheets: one containing millions of microcapsules filled with black and white ink particles sandwiched between transparent electrode layers. When a charge is applied, either the black or white particles shift to the top, forming letters and the whitespace around them.

Color ereaders add a color filter array on top of the standard black and white microcapsule layer. The result is two different resolutions on one screen — the color clarity is 150 dpi while black and white images and text are still 300 dpi.

Because these displays are so different from standard backlight LED panels, you can expect most ereaders to do a number of things well. They’ll be easier to stare at for long periods of time and easier to read in direct sunlight. Also, since E Ink displays only require power to rearrange the ink, these devices have much longer battery lives than even the best tablets: we’re talking weeks, not days.

The ereader market is not as saturated as, say, the smartphone market, but there are still plenty of options out there and they do have small but important differences among them. They tend to range from around $100 to more than $400, though usually the higher end options are stylus-enabled read/write E Ink tablets like the Kindle Scribe. Beyond price, you should consider physical properties like buttons, lights, storage and resolution, as well as how the software lets you find and access books.

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With any ereader, you’ll navigate the OS via taps and swipes, and some add physical page-turn buttons. Most with built-in buttons have an auto-rotating screen so you can press with your right or left hand.

As E Ink technology has advanced, resolution has greatly improved – even the budget Kindle ereader has a 300 ppi display. You can still find models with lower resolution, but we don’t recommend them.

Some ereaders have front LEDs that support light temperature adjustment. That means you can switch to a warmer light after the sun goes down, which will feel easier on the eyes. If you’re concerned about blue light, you should go for a reader with that feature.

The capabilities of these pocket libraries have advanced considerably since the early days. In addition to storing books, some let you browse the web, run apps and play music. The screen’s frame rate can’t handle gaming, but it’s good enough to show you the Wikipedia entry for Striver’s Row while you read Crook Manifesto.

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If you listen to audiobooks, you may want a Bluetooth-enabled ereader capable of playing them. Most of the models we tested have that ability, with the notable exception of the Nook ereader we tried. Keep in mind that audiobook files can take up more space than print files so you’ll probably want a device with a higher storage capacity if you plan on doing a lot of listening.

Above all, you should consider where and how you intend to find books to read. Most ereaders make it easiest to shop through their own digital bookstores, but all of them (even Kindles) will now let you download titles from other sources, like libraries, unaffiliated ebook sellers and free public domain sites.

An assortment of ereaders, including ones from Kobo, Kindle, Boox, Nook and PocketBook are arranged on a tan bamboo desk with a white keyboard and black mouse in the background.

Photo by Amy Skorheim / Engadget

Kindle, Nook and Kobo all have their own stores that you access directly from each brand’s devices. Prices are fairly competitive among the sellers, too – as I write this, the current NYT bestselling fiction ebook is $12 at Amazon, Barnes & Noble, eBooks.com and the Kobo store. The top nonfiction release costs $15 at all four.

Amazon offers Kindle Unlimited for $12 per month, and it includes four million titles from which you can pick your next read. It includes audio and ebooks, but you won’t find many big, new releases or older bestsellers. Kobo has a subscription called Kobo Plus with about 1.3 million titles: it goes for $8 per month for ebooks only, $8 for audiobooks only or $10 for both.

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Buying a book from a proprietary store instantly delivers it to your device, provided you’re connected to WiFi. It also syncs your reading across devices and apps, so you can pick up where you left off on your phone if you forgot your ereader at home. It truly is the most convenient way to go, but if you don’t want to be locked into one brand’s store, or if you opt for an ereader without its own marketplace, you do have options.

Stores like ebooks.com and Google Play have millions of ebooks for sale as digital rights-managed (DRM) ePub files, which Kobo, Nook and PocketBook readers can read in their native ereader apps. Kindles don’t support DRM ePub files at all and Boox devices require third party apps (of which there are many) to ready those files.

Titles from some publishers like Tor and public domain classics from sites like Project Gutenberg are also sold as ePubs, but without the added DRM. Consequently, Kindles and the Boox Neoreader do support those files. Books you get from third-party sources will look just like ones you bought from a proprietary store, thanks to the flowable, formatted nature of ePub files. While these device-agnostic ebook collections give you extra options for finding your next read, they require a few additional steps to get the files onto your ereader.

To do so, you’ll typically need a computer running a free program called Adobe Digital Editions (ADE). After buying and downloading the ePub file, open ADE and plug your ereader into your computer (all readers here have a USB-C port for charging and data transfers). Your device should pop up in the left panel. Drag and drop the ePub file from your downloads folder into the main panel in ADE. The file will display as an image of the book cover. Drag that image onto your device on the left panel. If the file includes digital rights management (which protects against unauthorized copying) you’ll need to authorize your ereader, which requires using or creating a free Adobe ID. Once you’ve finished adding files to upload, eject the reader from your computer to complete the transfer process.

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Kindles use a web-based uploader instead of the ADE method. But since Kindle uses its own proprietary DRM technology instead of Adobe’s, the only files it can accept from third parties are non-DRM files, such as from Tor Publishing or Project Gutenberg. After downloading a compatible ePub file, drag and drop it into your browser with the Send to Kindle page open. As long as you’re signed into Amazon, this wirelessly transfers the files to your associated device.

Boox also uses a browser uploader called BooxDrop (along with many other methods) to deliver ePubs to the device. Open it from the Boox App menu and you’ll see a device-specific url. Type that into your browser to access a file delivery portal that uploads to your library. Boox’s built-in ereader app, NeoReader, also doesn’t support files with DRM, so you won’t be able to read current titles from most publishers using that app. Fortunately, Boox devices run nearly every ereader app out there, Kobo and Kindle included, letting you access ePubs any number of ways.

Your local library card lets you borrow audio and ebooks through a program called Overdrive and its companion app Libby. On a Kobo, you have have built-in access to Overdrive in a separate tab. Once you’ve linked your public library card, the search function will include results for titles available from your local library; a few taps will upload your selections to your device for the length of the loan. I personally find it easiest to borrow the title I want through the Libby app on my phone. After that, the book pops up on my Kobo’s home screen once the device syncs.

To read library books on a Kindle, you can either go through the Libby app or the Overdrive section of your library’s website. Once you click Borrow, you’ll see the option to “Read now with Kindle,” which takes you to Amazon’s site to sign in. After that, the book will be delivered to your device the next time it connects to WiFi.

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For other ereaders, you’ll go through your library’s Overdrive portal and download the ePub after clicking the Borrow button. You can then use the ADE process we described above. Devices that run external apps, like Boox’s Page, Go Color 7 or Palma, allow you to read library books via the Libby app, just as you would on a smartphone or iPad.

You can also use the Libby app to borrow audiobooks, but you won’t be able to access them through your ereader. (The exception is an ereader, like a Boox device, that allows external apps). I found it was easier to listen to an audiobook on my phone anyway, regardless of whether I borrowed it through Libby or bought it from Kindle or Kobo.

Four ereaders are arranged on a dark brown wooden table outside. There are Boox, Kindle and Kobo devices showing the covers of different novels from Tana French, F. Scott Fitzgerald and Martha Wells.

Photo by Amy Skorheim / Engadget

When putting together any guide, the first thing we do is spend hours researching the field. We look at what’s available, what’s new, and what shoppers and professional reviewers have to say. Then we narrow a list to the best candidates for hands-on testing.

Over the course of the past year and a half, I’ve tested just over a dozen ereaders, representing five different brands: Amazon, Kobo, Barnes & Noble, Boox and PocketBook. I bought, borrowed and uploaded books for each device using the methods above. I used each one for between a few days to a few months. I evaluated each one in the areas of book access, ease of reading, extra features and overall value. Here’s everything we tested so far:

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Amazon’s first color Kindle impressed with its quick page-turns and load times, auto-adjusting front light and, of course, a decently striking color E Ink display. But at $280, it’s more expensive than all of the other color ereaders in its size range, including the Kobo Libra Colour and the Boox Go Color 7.

Also, some Colorsoft owners have reported seeing a yellow band at the bottom of their ereader’s display. This issue did not affect our review unit during the testing period, but it has since appeared on ours as well. An Amazon spokesperson told Engadget: “A small number of customers have reported a yellow band along the bottom of the display. We take the quality of our products seriously—customers who notice this can reach out to our customer service team for a replacement or refund, and we’re making the appropriate adjustments to ensure that new devices will not experience this issue moving forward.”

Amazon’s Kindle ereaders are the obvious answer, but other devices capable of running apps can also read titles from the Kindle store. For example, you can download the Kindle app on a Boox ereader through Google Play (the store comes standard in the Boox app menu). You can then sign into your Kindle account and access all the books in your library — the same way you’d read Kindle books on your phone or tablet.

Yes. You can buy Kindle books through the Kindle app or through Amazon’s website via a browser. You can read those titles on a Kindle or any device that can run the Kindle app, such as a smartphone, tablet or computer. Just be aware that Kindle titles can only be read through one of Amazon’s ereaders or the Kindle app. The company uses proprietary digital rights management on all ebooks it sells that can’t be read by other ereader apps like Kobo or Adobe ADE.

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Both Kindle and Kobo are brands of dedicated ereaders that support searching, buying, downloading and reading ebooks from their own stores. Both also support borrowing books from your local library via Overdrive and Libby.

The difference is that Kindle is owned by Amazon and uses the Kindle store, whereas Kobo is owned by Rakuten and its books come from the Kobo store. Both stores come pre-loaded as a tab on their respective ereader and both carry most in-print books. Each store also carries their own exclusive ebooks as well, but Amazon’s library of Kindle-only books is much larger than Kobo’s. Amazon also offers Amazon Original stories to read on the Kindle, which are free short fiction and nonfiction reads that are free to Prime members.

Both Kobos and Kindles have simple systems for borrowing library books. Other ereaders, like Boox, let you borrow books after downloading the Libby App. Only Kobo ereaders let you search for and borrow books directly on the ereader, with a dedicated Overdrive tab. Kindles, on the other hand, utilize a convenient “read on Kindle” function from the Libby app or website. You can send a borrowed book to your Kindle just by signing into your account. Both methods are pretty easy, so which is the best for you probably depends on other factors than just the library-book feature.

August 2024: Replaced our Android tablet pick with the new Go Color 7 ereader from Boox. Updated book titles to current examples. Added an FAQ section to explain the difference between Kobo and Kindle ereaders and further detail library-book support on different models.

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November 2024: Following the release of Amazon’s new Kindle ereaders, we tested and reviewed the Kindle Paperwhite Signature Edition, the base-model Kindle and Amazon’s new color ereader, the Kindle Colorsoft. Accordingly, we updated our budget pick, added a premium pick and noted our experience with the Colorsoft.

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The story of the Nintendo Switch in 15 slides

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The story of the Nintendo Switch in 15 slides

Nintendo’s executives gave a slide show that told the state of the Nintendo Switch game console.

The Switch has been the mainstay of Nintendo’s hardware strategy since 2017. It combined the portable gaming device with the home living room console, and players have loved that versatility. Here’s the story of the Switch in 15 slides.

Nintendo pointed out that the Switch user community has grown to 127 million annual players, reaching new heights every year since the launch.

The number of Nintendo Switch users has grown across seven years.
The number of Nintendo Switch users has grown across seven years.

Nintendo’s strategy to make the Switch into a global phenomenon.

Nintendo kept the Switch business growing through different strategies.
Nintendo kept the Switch business growing through different strategies.

Online play has lagged other platforms, but it has steadily grown.

Nintendo online membership has steadily grown.
Nintendo online membership has steadily grown.

The Switch’s online capability has led to bigger digital sales, reducing dependence on expensive cartridges.

Nintendo has had more digital game sales lately.
Nintendo has had more digital game sales lately.

The biggest game companies have embraced the Switch. That was never a given, but high volumes of device sales brought in the big players.

Nintendo's third-party ecosystem has expanded to the biggest game makers.
Nintendo’s third-party ecosystem has expanded to the biggest game makers.

Indie game companies have taken their games to the Switch.

The Switch has become a haven for indies too.
The Switch has become a haven for indies too.

Nintendo has taken the Switch to new markets around the world.

Regional expansion has been good for the Switch.
Regional expansion has been good for the Switch.

Maio has been a smash on the Switch.

Familiar Mario franchises have been a hit on the Switch.
Familiar Mario franchises have been a hit on the Switch.

Nintendo’s big first-party titles, made in-house at the company, have driven huge volumes on the Switch.

Nintendo's big first-party titles drive the Switch.
Nintendo’s big first-party titles drive the Switch.

Pokémon sales have reached 99 million on the Switch. That’s an incredible attach rate of two out of every three devices sold.

Pokemon has been a monster on the Switch.
Pokemon has been a monster on the Switch.

The Super Mario Bros. Movie earned $1.3 billion at the global box office, and it spurred sales of Switch games. So Nintendo has commissioned more movies.

Nintendo is moving into movies to raise awareness of its brands.
Nintendo is moving into movies to raise awareness of its brands.

Nintendo has also raised awareness among non-gamers by taking gaming into theme parks around the world.

And it's expanding into theme parks.
And it’s expanding into theme parks.

But what goes up must come down. Switch sales are finally starting to slow down.

But what goes up must come down. Switch sales are slowing.
But what goes up must come down. Switch sales are slowing.

And now Nintendo is openly talking about launch a successor to the Nintendo Switch that will be backward compatible with Switch titles.

And now a new Switch is coming.

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Glint Solar grabs $8M to help accelerate solar energy adoption across Europe

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Glint Solar team photo

Solar energy is booming, which is good news for Glint Solar. The Norwegian software-as-a-service startup has built a platform that’s helping energy giants and large solar developers such as E.ON, Recurrent Energy, and Statkraft cut the time it takes to plan and pre-design solar installations to accelerate the transition to renewables.

Glint’s software pulls in data from multiple sources to help speed up Solar project assessments. The platform features adaptable layout designs and yield estimates, along with country-specific geographic information system (GIS) data and topographic analysis to make it easer for solar developers to evaluate potential sites. Cloud-based collaboration features allow teams to access essential project data. The platform can also be used as a project presentation aid by serving up 3D-rendered project layouts “in seconds.”

Since TechCrunch last spoke with the climate startup in June 2022, when it closed a $3 million seed round, its customer base has grown almost 10x, according to CEO and co-founder Harald Olderheim. It’s now announcing an $8 million Series A to keep stoking the growth fire by expanding into more markets in Europe.

Its main regions for customers currently are France, Germany, the Nordics, and the U.K. but with the new funding, the March 2020-launched SaaS will be expanding its sales teams to target customers in “the rest of Europe,” including Italy and Spain, Olderheim says.

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One notable change since Glint Solar launched is that it’s narrowed the service proposition to support the planning of land-based solar installations — dropping an earlier dual product focus that had included floating-solar installations, too.

Olderheim said the software can still be used for planning floating solar. But he noted there’s more demand for ground-based installations. “It’s a bigger market,” he said, explaining why they’ve opting to streamline their sales approach.

Glint Solar also isn’t focused on roof-mounted solar installations. Some of its customers are using its software to help plan solar arrays on “big rooftops” as well, per Olderheim. But, again, the reason it’s not focusing effort there is because it’s going after the largest demand chunk.

“If you look at the market, about 60% of the market is utility, large scale. And then about 20% is big rooftops, and 20% is residential. So we are going for the biggest market,” he told TechCrunch. “If you want to make a big impact in the world … we can do it through the utility scale, because that’s much faster if you’re going to build increase the [solar] energy in the world.

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“If you think the impact we are making by one solar plant, a big one — like 10 megawatt, maybe with 7,000 or 15,000 solar panels — it’s a very efficient way of growing the energy production fast.”

Expanding impact

Another big focus for the Series A cash injection is product development. Olderheim said the startup will be expanding its platform to help customers plan where to site batteries that can be used to optimize renewable investments by storing energy.

Factors such as grid capacity, protected areas, and sound (since batteries produce some noise once operational) are all considerations the software will be able to factor in, per Olderheim, as well as providing customers with support to ensure a battery is compatible with the proposed solar array and helping them share the information with landowners as they work to obtain the necessary permits.

Image Credits:Glint Solar

He emphasizes how much the cost of solar installations have dropped over the last decade (down around 90%). But he also says that projects still aren’t happening as fast as they need to given the existential threats of a heating planet that are driving waves of disasters, from devastating floods and hurricanes to heatwaves, droughts, and forest fires.

“It takes time to get all the agreements — with the land owner, with the grid, and with the municipality — to [deliver a solar project] and all these processes take time; so that’s one of the reasons we are doing Glint Solar,” he adds.

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The startup is very focused on software design to maximize accessibility as another tactic to help remove friction from solar project approvals.

“We are making it very user friendly so everyone in a team can use one software together and work on this problem to make [project delivery] much faster. And you can share everything — with the land owner, with the grid, with the municipality — so they can easily take decisions much faster with the lower risk.”

The platform has multiple “modules” that allow the same person to, for example, “evaluate the site, organize all the projects, and design a solar park,” per Olderheim, supporting project teams to get more applications out.

He also flags the platform’s cloud-based collaboration features that allow everyone to work “in the same tool,” which he suggests help give it an edge versus other tools.

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Glint says customers are reporting its SaaS is helping solar developers to triple their project pipeline on average and evaluate potential sites 10x faster than traditional methods.

Of course software can only do so much. Olderheim agrees that infrastructure investment and regulatory reform are key to further accelerating solar rollouts, pointing to grid capacity and solar permitting as the main areas for lawmakers to tackle.

“Sometimes it takes five years from a [project] to start to get building,” he points out, adding: “I know the EU is looking at this to reduce it to 12 or 24 months. So I think that’s a very good [start].”

Glint Solar’s Series A is led by Smedvig Ventures, with additional investment from Antler Nordic and Antler Elevate, Futurum Ventures, and Momentum.

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Commenting in a statement, Jonathan Lerner, partner at Smedvig Ventures said: “The solar industry has done a great job at developing ways to harvest green energy, but now we need better processes to get these plans in motion. This is the gap that Glint Solar is filling. As one of the first unified products for utility projects on the market, solar developers, engineers, analysts and management can find everything they need to locate the best land spaces quickly and accurately. This is a much-needed evolution from manually trawling through data from multiple sources, saving considerable resources in all-important green energy projects.”

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Roblox is banning kids from ‘social hangout’ spaces

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Roblox is banning kids from ‘social hangout’ spaces

Roblox is going to block kids from accessing certain types of experiences following reports alleging that the platform has enabled child abuse.

One new measure will stop kids under 13 from accessing experiences with “certain types of interactive features,” Roblox says in a post on its developer forum. Those include “social hangouts,” where the primary purpose is to communicate with others over text or voice chat, and “free-form 2D user creation” experiences, where players can do things like draw on a chalkboard or whiteboard. This change goes into effect beginning November 18th.

Another change stops kids under 13 from playing, searching for, or being able to discover unrated experiences. This change goes into effect after December 3rd. If a creator wants to let a player under 13 access their game, they will have to complete a questionnaire and make sure that all of the information regarding their experience meets Roblox’s requirements for its current All Ages or 9 plus ratings. Roblox says it will start enforcing those requirements “next year.”

There have been multiple recent stories about Roblox’ allegedly poor protections for children, including a Bloomberg article titled “Roblox’s Pedophile Problem.” In October, the company announced changes for pre-teen users and a new type of account to let parents manage their kids on Roblox.

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“We’re constantly strengthening our safety systems and policies — we shipped over 30 improvements this year and we have more to come,” spokesperson Juliet Chaitin-Lefcourt says in a statement to The Verge. “As a company that’s transparent with our community of developers, we needed to share key information about the upcoming changes prior to launch. The DevForum has all the information on the upcoming changes that we’re sharing at this time. It’s important to know that at Roblox, we’re constantly innovating Safety and we’ll never STOP.” (Emphasis Chaitin-Lefcourt’s.)

Update, November 6th: Added statement from Roblox.

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