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The best budget robot vacuums for 2024

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The best budget robot vacuums for 2024

Writer’s note: Amazon’s fall Prime Day event will kick off on October 8th and run through the 9th, but we’re already starting to see some good deals trickle in. We’ve rounded up the best early Prime Day deals here, and will add any robovac deals we see as they roll in.

Today’s robot vacuums are becoming a bit like cars: with all the features, upgrades, and fancy trimmings available these days, it’s easy to forget that they can just be simple machines that get us from point A to point B. Yes, some bots blow hot air on their bums (mop pads) and deftly navigate dog poop, but there are plenty of basic budget robot vacuums that just do a decent job of cleaning your floor autonomously — as long as you tidy up first.

While higher-priced, higher-powered robot vacuums clean better, budget bots do a perfectly good job, especially if you run them regularly. The biggest downside of cheaper models is they get stuck on cables, socks, shoelaces, and other paraphernalia you leave lying around. If you’re home and can untangle it, great, but if you’re not, then it will just sit there stuck until its battery dies, and you have to charge it up again before it will clean your floors. 

Fancier models have obstacle recognition, and some even use AI-powered cameras to tell popcorn from poop and avoid the latter. If you want one of those, check out my Best Robot Vacuum buying guide. But if you think you can manage the task of picking up after yourself (and your puppy), a budget bot will save you a lot of money and still do a good job cleaning your floor. 

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Here’s a list of my favorite robot vacuums that don’t cost a fortune and will still get the job done.

Best budget robot vacuum 

The iRobot Roomba i3 Plus EVO robot vacuum lying on a wooden floor.

This robot vacuum has superior cleaning power over the competition thanks to its wide, dual rubber brushes that get up more dirt and debris. While it can map, there are no keep-out zones.

The Roomba i4 Evo robot vacuum (the Roomba i3 by another name and with a bigger battery) cleans just as well as the flagship Roomba j7 and can map your house for more accurate vacuuming. But there’s no AI-powered obstacle avoidance or virtual keep-out zones, so you do have to clean up your clutter before you run it.

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Suction power: unknown / Dustbin capacity: 419ml / Runtime: 90 minutes / Brush style: dual rubber / Auto-empty dock option: yes / Mopping option: no / Mapping: yes / Keep-out zones: physical only / Works with: Amazon Alexa, Google Home, Siri Shortcuts

The Roomba i3 Evo isn’t the cheapest robot on the block, but its cleaning chops, attractive design, superb software, and robust, easily-repairable hardware make it the best choice for spending a smaller budget. 

The i3 cleans almost as well as iRobot’s higher-end j7 but for a lot less. While it has slightly lower suction power, it has Roomba’s signature dual roller rubber brushes, which do an excellent job of removing pet hair from hardwood floors and sucking up oatmeal from plush carpets. It doesn’t have the AI-powered obstacle avoidance of the j7 (which knows the difference between poop and popcorn), but that’s not a feature you’ll find on any budget bot. 

The Roomba i3 has two long rubber brushes that move in opposite directions and do an excellent job of getting up pet hair and other debris.
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What the i3 does have is mapping and room-specific cleaning, so you can send it to clean the kitchen if you want. Only a handful of the budget bot features mapping, and Roomba’s maps are some of the best in my experience, mainly because they rarely have to be rebuilt. 

The biggest negative here is there are no virtual keep-out zones. If you have somewhere you don’t want the bot to roam, you’ll need to buy one of iRobot’s virtual wall towers. It also has a relatively small bin, but you can pair it with an auto-empty base (although that increases the cost substantially).  

The i3 is a solid vacuum with big wheels that can easily tackle any floor surface you throw at it, managing most transitions. But it does tend to bump into things, resulting in a few toppled chairs during testing. This means it gets almost everywhere you want it to and won’t be put off by a bed skirt. But if you have delicate items on rickety tables, watch out.

As with all Roombas, the i3 is easy to self-repair, and you can buy (not inexpensive) replacements for all its parts. I’ve actually rebuilt one after it rolled over some dog poop. It’s worth noting that the Roomba i4 is essentially the same robot vacuum as the i3 Evo, so pick up whichever offers the best price.

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As of last year, iRobot also offers the Combo i5 for $349.99, which adds the option of basic mopping and a smaller auto-empty dock if you go with the i5 Combo i5 Plus version. I’m currently testing this model, but it has largely the same features as the i3 and is a good option if you can’t find the i3 in stock.

More expensive but with a bigger bin

Roborock’s Q5 Pro on a hardwood floor.

The Q5 Pro has a big 770ml bin, 5,500Pa of suction power, and can be paired with an auto-empty dock, making it a great budget option when it’s on sale. It also mops with a removable mopping pad with a small built-in water tank. It has dual rubber brushes, lidar mapping, and keep-out zones, and the app is very good.

Best basic bump-and-roll bot

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A truly basic budget bot, the Shark has good suction power and a big bin and will just go for it. It’s easy to buy replacement parts, too, making this one that can go for years.

Suction power: unknown / Dustbin capacity: 425ml /  Runtime: 120 mins / Brush style: single bristle / rubber hybrid / Auto-empty dock option: no / Mapping: no / Keep-out zones: no / Works with: Amazon Alexa, Google Home

The Shark Ion’s big bin, simple app experience, decent battery life, repairability, and bullish nature make this an excellent bump-and-roll bot. That is a robot that doesn’t map or have any special navigation features other than colliding with things and changing direction. It’s not fancy, but it gets the job done.

It’s a good one to stick under a bed or desk and set to run when you’re not home, as it’s loud and rattly and will bang into everything in its path. But its big wheels and 120-minute runtime mean it’s less prone to getting stuck or running out of juice than simpler $100 bots. 

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Unlike many budget bots, it uses a hybrid roller brush that’s both bristle and plastic and doesn’t get as tangled as standard bristle brushes. Its short, squat side brushes are surprisingly effective at getting debris into the robot’s path, and because they’re short, they’re less prone to getting tangled in stray cords.

But the best thing ‘bout this bot is its tank-like wheels that will roll right over anything in its path, including high transitions between rooms, obstacles like lounger chair legs, and other furniture traps that regularly stump other bots. That’s a good thing, as there’s no mapping, obstacle detection, or any way to set keep-out zones here. This bot just goes. 

Another bonus: replacement parts are easily available, making this more repairable than most non-Roombas.

The Shark has big wheels and a hybrid brush that isn’t prone to tangles.
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Shark doesn’t share suction power specs, but it ably handled all my tests, including the toughest: raw oatmeal. Those little flakes are hard to pick up; side brushes will spin them all over the floor. It did a good job on pet hair, too, although, like most robots I tested, it required at least two runs to get everything up effectively.

The app is super basic: just on / off, basic scheduling, and a choice of three power levels (all loud). Disappointingly, you can only schedule it once a day. Most robots can be programmed to do two to three passes, but in place of that, I like the option to schedule it to go out twice to make sure it gets the job done. I couldn’t do that with the Shark. Still, you can press its button or use the app to send it out again if needed.

Best budget robot vacuum and mop

The D10 Plus is a feature-packed midrange all-rounder and one of the least expensive bots that includes an auto-empty dock, mopping, and mapping. It’s an effective vacuum, but it’s prone to getting stuck. Thankfully, you can set keep-out zones to help with this.

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Suction power: 4,000Pa / Dustbin capacity: 400ml / Runtime: 180 mins / Brush style: single bristle / rubber hybrid / Auto-empty dock option: yes / Mapping: yes, plus lidar navigation / Keep-out zones: yes, virtual / Works with: Amazon Alexa, Google Home

The midrange Dreametech D10 Plus is one of the few bots you’ll find that mops, maps, and auto-empties for $400 or less. I like its more compact auto-empty station, which helps compensate for its small 400ml bin.

Decent suction and a rubber / bristle hybrid brush provide a good clean, but it’s nowhere near as effective as the Roomba i3 Evo with its dual rubber rollers.

The Dreame has a small, removable water tank and a washable mopping pad.
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The big selling point here is that the Dreame does have lidar navigation and mapping to allow for room-specific cleaning with keep-out zones. Keep-out zones are handy for ensuring the robot finishes the job; if it gets stuck somewhere regularly, you can tell it to avoid that spot.

The Dreame has no-mopping zones in the app, and you can also remove the mop before you send it out. The Dreame did a good job navigating my complicated second floor, and while it’s quite a burly bot, it still fit under most furniture and handled transitions well.

A better mopper but more work

The Shark Matrix Plus 2-in-1 Robot Vacuum and Mop mops very well — doing a swingy, scrubbing movement with its rear end when in “Matrix mode.” However, you have to manually fill and attach the mop reservoir and empty the bin when it mops, as it only self-empties in vacuum mode and can only avoid larger objects.

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Best self-cleaning, self-emptying robot vacuum / mop under $500

One of the first robots that can vacuum, mop, self-empty, self-wash, and self-dry with hot air for under $1,000, the Yeedi Cube retails for $699.99 but is regularly on sale for far less. It’s a good vacuum and mop for hands-free cleaning on a budget.

Suction power: 5,100Pa / Dustbin capacity: 360ml / Runtime: 180 mins / Brush style: single bristle / rubber hybrid / Auto-empty dock option: yes / Mapping: yes, plus lidar navigation / Keep-out zones: yes, virtual / Works with: Amazon Alexa, Google Home

The Yeedi Cube is the least expensive robot vacuum that has the same kind of multifunction dock and high-end features as robots over $1,000. It also has obstacle avoidance tech, although, unlike the pricier bots, it uses lasers to see objects, not an AI-powered camera. This is less effective but more avoidance than any other bot in this roundup offers. While it originally retailed for $699.99, it can often be found on sale for less than $500.

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The Yeedi resembles the Roomba in its full-speed-ahead nature. It will just run into things, and if it can clean them, great! It also only goes around larger objects. So while it ably sucked up Cheerios and picked up all the oatmeal flakes, it got stuck on cords and socks. Definitely keep it away from pet waste.

The Yeedi’s mopping prowess is impressive. It scrubs the floor using a thin microfiber cloth that vibrates 2,500 times a minute to get up grime, similar to the Roborock S8. The dock cleans the mopping pad, drains the dirty water, and auto empties the bin, but the robot carries its one-liter water tank around on its back, so it doesn’t need to go back and refill during a run.

One downside is it uses a single hybrid rubber / bristle brush, which got tangled with hair. However, combined with 5,100Pa of suction power, it did a good job of picking up dirt from the floors.

I really liked the handle that makes it easy to pick up the vacuum and put it where you want to clean. An onboard spot clean button means you don’t need to fuss with the app to get it to clean up a dedicated area. The map offers room-specific cleaning and keep-out zones for vacuuming and mopping.

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Update, October 4th: Adjusted pricing, re-added the Shark Matrix Plus 2-in-1, and included a note about Amazon’s forthcoming Prime Day event.

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Samsung Galaxy Ring considered a medical device under HSA rules

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Samsung Galaxy Ring considered a medical device under HSA rules

The Samsung Galaxy Ring has become eligible to be called a medical device under certain HSA rules in the US. This could set a precedent for users to claim reimbursement for Over The Counter (OTC) commercial devices that do not need a prescription.

Samsung Galaxy Ring can be considered a medical device

The wearable market took a huge leap recently when two Apple devices secured FDA approval as medical devices. The Apple AirPods Pro 2 can serve as hearing aids and the Apple Watch can help detect sleep apnea.

FDA approval is just the first, but very important, milestone. The Samsung Galaxy Ring has gone a step further. According to Android Authority, Samsung’s new Galaxy Ring has become eligible for reimbursement. Simply put, buyers can recoup the amount they paid for the smart ring if they meet certain criteria.

The Samsung Galaxy Ring has reportedly become eligible to be considered a “medical device” under FSA and HSA rules. US citizens must have a Flexible Spending Account (FSA) or Health Savings Accounts (HSA) to claim reimbursement.

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FSA and HSA accounts are different from standard health insurance. US citizens can open these accounts and pay for medical expenses that aren’t already covered by their insurance. Civilians build a corpus in these accounts by setting a portion of their income aside for medical expenses before the government takes its regular cut.

Usually considered an employee benefit, US citizens can deposit money in these accounts to lower their taxable income. While employers open FSAs for their employees, individuals own HSAs. There are a few prerequisites to having these accounts, one of which is to have a high-deductible health plan.

Buying a Galaxy Ring is now a medical expense?

This is a big step forward for smart rings, smartwatches, and other wearable devices. If the Samsung Galaxy Ring can count as a medical device, several other wearables could qualify too.

Samsung has assured that getting an HSA/FSA to reimburse a Galaxy Ring isn’t a complicated process. After buying a Galaxy Ring, buyers should submit the required information to an eligible HSA or FSA plan. If there are sufficient funds in these accounts, buyers get a reimbursement for the purchase of a Galaxy Ring.

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It is a US citizen’s, not the US government’s money in the HSA or FSA. In other words, this isn’t exactly a reimbursement. However, this approval confirms OTC devices can now be eligible for reimbursement from the FSA or HSA accounts if they qualify as medical devices that do not need any prescription.

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15U Wall-Mount Server Rack – RK15WALLO | StarTech.com

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15U Wall-Mount Server Rack - RK15WALLO | StarTech.com



This open-frame wall-mount server rack provides 15U of storage, allowing you to save space and stay organized. The equipment rack can hold up to 198 lb. (90 kg).

Easy, hassle-free installation
The network rack is 12 in. (30.4 cm) deep, so it’s perfect for smaller spaces. It’s easy to assemble and features mounting holes that are spaced 16 in. apart, making it suitable for mounting on almost any wall, based on common wall-frame stud spacing. The wall-mount rack comes in a flat-pack making it easy to transport and reducing your cost in shipping.

Free up space
You can mount the open-frame rack where space is limited, such as on a server room wall, office, or above a doorway, to expand your workspace and ensure your equipment is easy to access.

Keep your equipment cool and accessible
By having an open frame the server rack provides passive cooling to equipment. Additionally, the open frame provides easy access and configurability to your equipment, allowing you to maximize productivity.

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The RK15WALLO is backed by a StarTech.com 5-year warranty and free lifetime technical support.

To learn more visit StarTech.com

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Gmail’s Gemini-powered Q&A feature comes to iOS

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Gmail's Gemini-powered Q&A feature comes to iOS

A few months ago, Google introduced a new way to search Gmail with the help of its Gemini AI. The feature, called Gmail Q&A, lets you find specific emails and information by asking the Gemini chatbot questions. You can ask things like “What time is our dinner reservation on Saturday?” to quickly find the information you need. It was only initially available on Android devices, but now Google has started rolling it out to iPhones.

In addition to being able to ask questions, you can also use the feature to find unread emails from a specific sender simply by telling Gemini to “Find unread emails by [the person’s name].” You can ask the chatbot to summarize a topic you know you can find in your inbox, such as work projects that you’ve been on for months consisting of multiple conversations across several threads. And you can even use Gemini in Gmail to do general search queries without having to leave your inbox. To access Gemini, simply tap on the star icon at the top right corner of your Gmail app.

Google says the feature could take up to 15 days to reach your devices. Take note, however, that you do need to have access to Gemini Business, Enterprise, Education, Education Premium or Google One AI Premium to be able to use it.

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Meta enters AI video wars with powerful Movie Gen model

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Meta enters AI video wars with powerful Movie Gen model

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Meta founder and CEO Mark Zuckerberg, who built the company atop of its hit social network Facebook, finished this week strong, posting a video of himself doing a leg press exercise on a machine at the gym on his personal Instagram (a social network Facebook acquired in 2012).

Except, in the video, the leg press machine transforms into a neon cyberpunk version, an Ancient Roman version, and a gold flaming version as well.

As it turned out, Zuck was doing more than just exercising: he was using the video to announce Movie Gen, Meta’s new family of generative multimodal AI models that can make both video and audio from text prompts, and allow users to customize their own videos, adding special effects, props, costumes and changing select elements simply through text guidance, as Zuck did in his video.

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The models appear to be extremely powerful, allowing users to change only selected elements of a video clip rather than “re-roll” or regenerate the entire thing, similar to Pika’s spot editing on older models, yet with longer clip generation and sound built in.

Meta’s tests, outlined in a technical paper on the model family released today, show that it outperforms the leading rivals in the space including Runway Gen 3, Luma Dream Machine, OpenAI Sora and Kling 1.5 on many audience ratings of different attributes such as consistency and “naturalness” of motion.

Meta has positioned Movie Gen as a tool for both everyday users looking to enhance their digital storytelling as well as professional video creators and editors, even Hollywood filmmakers.

Movie Gen represents Meta’s latest step forward in generative AI technology, combining video and audio capabilities within a single system.

Specificially, Movie Gen consists of four models:

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1. Movie Gen Video – a 30B parameter text-to-video generation model

2. Movie Gen Audio – a 13B parameter video-to-audio generation model

3. Personalized Movie Gen Video – a version of Movie Gen Video post-trained to generate personalized videos based on a person’s face

4. Movie Gen Edit – a model with a novel post-training procedure for precise video editing

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These models enable the creation of realistic, personalized HD videos of up to 16 seconds at 16 FPS, along with 48kHz audio, and provide video editing capabilities.

Designed to handle tasks ranging from personalized video creation to sophisticated video editing and high-quality audio generation, Movie Gen leverages powerful AI models to enhance users’ creative options.

Key features of the Movie Gen suite include:

Video Generation: With Movie Gen, users can produce high-definition (HD) videos by simply entering text prompts. These videos can be rendered at 1080p resolution, up to 16 seconds long, and are supported by a 30 billion-parameter transformer model. The AI’s ability to manage detailed prompts allows it to handle various aspects of video creation, including camera motion, object interactions, and environmental physics.

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Personalized Videos: Movie Gen offers an exciting personalized video feature, where users can upload an image of themselves or others to be featured within AI-generated videos. The model can adapt to various prompts while maintaining the identity of the individual, making it useful for customized content creation.

Precise Video Editing: The Movie Gen suite also includes advanced video editing capabilities that allow users to modify specific elements within a video. This model can alter localized aspects, like objects or colors, as well as global changes, such as background swaps, all based on simple text instructions.

Audio Generation: In addition to video capabilities, Movie Gen also incorporates a 13 billion-parameter audio generation model. This feature enables the generation of sound effects, ambient music, and synchronized audio that aligns seamlessly with visual content. Users can create Foley sounds (sound effects amplifying yet solidifying real life noises like fabric ruffling and footsteps echoing), instrumental music, and other audio elements up to 45 seconds long. Meta posted an example video with Foley sounds below (turn sound up to hear it):

Trained on billions of videos online

Movie Gen is the latest advancement in Meta’s ongoing AI research efforts. To train the models, Meta says it relied upon “internet scale image, video, and audio data,” specifically, 100 million videos and 1 billion images from which it “learns about the visual world by ‘watching’ videos,” according to the technical paper.

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However, Meta did not specify if the data was licensed in the paper or public domain, or if it simply scraped it as many other AI model makers have — leading to criticism from artists and video creators such as YouTuber Marques Brownlee (MKBHD) — and, in the case of AI video model provider Runway, a class-action copyright infringement suit by creators (still moving through the courts). As such, one can expect Meta to face immediate criticism for its data sources.

The legal and ethical questions about the training aside, Meta is clearly positioning the Movie Gen creation process as novel, using a combination of typical diffusion model training (used commonly in video and audio AI) alongside large language model (LLM) training and a new technique called “Flow Matching,” the latter of which relies on modeling changes in a dataset’s distribution over time.

At each step, the model learns to predict the velocity at which samples should “move” toward the target distribution. Flow Matching differs from standard diffusion-based models in key ways:

Zero Terminal Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR): Unlike conventional diffusion models, which require specific noise schedules to maintain a zero terminal SNR, Flow Matching inherently ensures zero terminal SNR without additional adjustments. This provides robustness against the choice of noise schedules, contributing to more consistent and higher-quality video outputs  .

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Efficiency in Training and Inference: Flow Matching is found to be more efficient both in terms of training and inference compared to diffusion models. It offers flexibility in terms of the type of noise schedules used and shows improved performance across a range of model sizes. This approach has also demonstrated better alignment with human evaluation results.

The Movie Gen system’s training process focuses on maximizing flexibility and quality for both video and audio generation. It relies on two main models, each with extensive training and fine-tuning procedures:

Movie Gen Video Model: This model has 30 billion parameters and starts with basic text-to-image generation. It then progresses to text-to-video, producing videos up to 16 seconds long in HD quality. The training process involves a large dataset of videos and images, allowing the model to understand complex visual concepts like motion, interactions, and camera dynamics. To enhance the model’s capabilities, they fine-tuned it on a curated set of high-quality videos with text captions, which improved the realism and precision of its outputs. The team further expanded the model’s flexibility by training it to handle personalized content and editing commands.

Movie Gen Audio Model: With 13 billion parameters, this model generates high-quality audio that syncs with visual elements in the video. The training set included over a million hours of audio, which allowed the model to pick up on both physical and psychological connections between sound and visuals. They enhanced this model through supervised fine-tuning, using selected high-quality audio and text pairs. This process helped it generate realistic ambient sounds, synced sound effects, and mood-aligned background music for different video scenes.

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It follows earlier projects like Make-A-Scene and the Llama Image models, which focused on high-quality image and animation generation.

This release marks the third major milestone in Meta’s generative AI journey and underscores the company’s commitment to pushing the boundaries of media creation tools.

Launching on Insta in 2025

Set to debut on Instagram in 2025, Movie Gen is poised to make advanced video creation more accessible to the platform’s wide range of users.

While the models are currently in a research phase, Meta has expressed optimism that Movie Gen will empower users to produce compelling content with ease.

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As the product continues to develop, Meta intends to collaborate with creators and filmmakers to refine Movie Gen’s features and ensure it meets user needs.

Meta’s long-term vision for Movie Gen reflects a broader goal of democratizing access to sophisticated video editing tools. While the suite offers considerable potential, Meta acknowledges that generative AI tools like Movie Gen are meant to enhance, not replace, the work of professional artists and animators.

As Meta prepares to bring Movie Gen to market, the company remains focused on refining the technology and addressing any existing limitations. It plans further optimizations aimed at improving inference time and scaling up the model’s capabilities. Meta has also hinted at potential future applications, such as creating customized animated greetings or short films entirely driven by user input.

The release of Movie Gen could signal a new era for content creation on Meta’s platforms, with Instagram users among the first to experience this innovative tool. As the technology evolves, Movie Gen could become a vital part of Meta’s ecosystem and that of creators — pro and indie alike.

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27U Network Server Rack #homelab #network #business #informationtechnology #website #homenetworking

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Epic has a plan for the rest of the decade

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Epic has a plan for the rest of the decade

Just over a year ago, Epic Games laid off around 16 percent of its employees. The problem, Epic said, was its own big ideas for the future and just how expensive they were to build. “For a while now, we’ve been spending way more money than we earn,” Epic CEO Tim Sweeney wrote in an email to staff.

On Tuesday, onstage at the Unreal Fest conference in Seattle, Sweeney declared that the company is now “financially sound.” The announcement kicked off a packed two-hour keynote with updates on Unreal Engine, the Unreal Editor for Fortnite, the Epic Games Store, and more.

In an interview with The Verge, Sweeney says that reining in Epic’s spending was part of what brought the company to this point. “Last year, before Unreal Fest, we were spending about a billion dollars a year more than we were making,” Sweeney says. “Now, we’re spending a bit more than we’re making.”

“The real power will come when we bring these two worlds together”

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Sweeney says the company is well set up for the future, too, and that it has the ability to make the types of long-term bets he spent the conference describing. “We have a very, very long runway comparing our savings in the bank to our expenditure,” ​​Sweeney says. “We have a very robust amount of funding relative to pretty much any company in the industry and are making forward investments really judiciously that we could throttle up or down as our fortunes change. We feel we’re in a perfect position to execute for the rest of this decade and achieve all of our plans at our size.”

Epic has ambitious plans. Right now, Epic offers both Unreal Engine, its high-end game development tools, and Unreal Editor for Fortnite, which is designed to be simpler to use. What it’s building toward is a new version of Unreal Engine that can tie them together.

“The real power will come when we bring these two worlds together so we have the entire power of our high-end game engine merged with the ease of use that we put together in [Unreal Editor for Fortnite],” Sweeney says. “That’s going to take several years. And when that process is complete, that will be Unreal Engine 6.”

Unreal Engine 6 is meant to let developers “build an app once and then deploy it as a standalone game for any platform,” Sweeney says. Developers will be able to deploy the work that they do into Fortnite or other games that “choose to use this technology base,” which would allow for interoperable content.

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The upcoming “persistent universe” Epic is building with Disney is an example of the vision. “We announced that we’re working with Disney to build a Disney ecosystem that’s theirs, but it fully interoperates with the Fortnite ecosystem,” Sweeney says. “And what we’re talking about with Unreal Engine 6 is the technology base that’s going to make that possible for everybody. Triple-A game developers to indie game developers to Fortnite creators achieving that same sort of thing.”

If you read my colleague Andrew Webster’s interview with Sweeney from March 2023, the idea of interoperability to make the metaverse work will seem familiar. At Unreal Fest this week, I got a better picture of how the mechanics of that might work with things like Unreal Engine 6 and the company’s soon-to-open Fab marketplace to shop for digital assets.

Fab will be able to host assets that can work in Minecraft or Roblox, Sweeney says. But the bigger goal is to let Fab creators offer “one logical asset that has different file formats that work in different contexts.” He gave an example of how a user might buy a forest mesh set that has different content optimized for Unreal Engine, Unity, Roblox, and Minecraft. “Having seamless movement of content from place to place is going to be one of the critical things that makes the metaverse work without duplication.”

But for an interoperable metaverse to really be possible, companies like Epic, Roblox, and Microsoft will need to find ways for players to move between those worlds instead of keeping them siloed — and for the most part, that isn’t on the horizon.

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Sweeney says Epic hasn’t had “those sorts of discussions” with anyone but Disney yet. “But we will, over time,” he says. He described an ideal where companies, working as peers, would use revenue sharing as a way to create incentives for item shops that people want to buy digital goods from and “sources of engagement” (like Fortnite experiences) that people want to spend time in.

“The whole thesis here is that players are gravitating towards games which they can play together with all their friends, and players are spending more on digital items in games that they trust they’re going to play for a long time,” Sweeney says. “If you’re just dabbling in a game, why would you spend money to buy an item that you’re never going to use again? If we have an interoperable economy, then that will increase player trust that today’s spending on buying digital goods results in things that they’re going to own for a long period of time, and it will work in all the places they go.”

“People are not dogmatic about where they play”

“There’s no reason why we couldn’t have a federated way to flow between Roblox, Minecraft, and Fortnite,” Epic EVP Saxs Persson says. “From our perspective, that would be amazing, because it keeps people together and lets the best ecosystem win.” Epic sees in its surveys that “people are not dogmatic about where they play,” Persson says.

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Of course, there’s plenty of opportunity for Epic, which already makes a widely played game and a widely used game engine and is building Fortnite into a game-making tool. (And I haven’t even mentioned how Unreal Engine is increasingly used in filmmaking and other industries.) The end state sounds great for Epic, but Epic also has to make the math make sense for everyone else.

And it has to do that without much of a presence on mobile. The company has spent years in legal battles with Apple and Google over their mobile app store practices, and it just sued Samsung, too. The Epic Games Store recently launched on Android globally and on iOS in the EU, but thanks to restrictions on third-party app stores, the company’s game store boss, Steve Allison, tells The Verge that reaching its end-of-year install goal is “likely impossible.” Any major change could take quite a while, according to Sweeney. “It will be a long battle, and it will likely result in a long series of battles, each of which moves a set of freedoms forward, rather than having a single worldwide moment of victory,” Sweeney says.

There’s one other battle Epic is fighting: Fortnite is still hugely popular, but there is waning interest — or hype, at least — in the metaverse. Sweeney and Persson, however, don’t exactly agree about the term seemingly falling out of popularity.

“It’s like there’s metaverse weather,” Sweeney says. “Some days it’s good, some days it’s bad. Depends on who’s doing the talking about it.”

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