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Google, Microsoft, backs x402 Foundation to standardize AI-driven crypto payments

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Google, Microsoft, backs x402 Foundation to standardize AI-driven crypto payments

Big Tech firms have come together to back a new industry body focused on standardizing how AI agents handle payments across crypto and traditional rails.

Summary

  • Big Tech firms including Google, Microsoft and Amazon Web Services backed the launch of the x402 Foundation to standardize AI-driven payment infrastructure.
  • The Linux Foundation introduced the initiative with Coinbase, placing the protocol under an open source and nonprofit structure.

The Linux Foundation on Thursday announced the launch of the x402 Foundation, a governance initiative built around the x402 protocol, with early support from companies including Google, Microsoft, and Amazon Web Services.

The project has been developed with input from Coinbase, which originally introduced the x402 protocol. A number of financial and blockchain firms have also signaled early backing, including American Express, Mastercard, Visa, Stripe, Circle, Solana Foundation, and Polygon Labs.

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Support has also come from infrastructure and commerce platforms such as Cloudflare and Shopify, along with developer-focused firms like Thirdweb and regional payment provider KakaoPay.

According to Coinbase, placing the protocol under the Linux Foundation gives it a “neutral, nonprofit home,” that could eventually help attract support from tech firms and developers compared to a company banner.

Jim Zemlin, CEO of the Linux Foundation, pointed to the internet’s history of shared infrastructure, stating that “the internet was built on open protocols,” as he made the case for adopting a similar model for AI-driven payments.

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The x402 protocol is designed as an open standard that allows AI agents and web services to execute payments on their own, covering use cases such as paying for APIs, accessing data, or purchasing digital services without human intervention.

Momentum around the concept has been building alongside expectations that machine-to-machine transactions could become a dominant force in crypto payment activity. 

Brian Armstrong said recently that “there will be more AI agents transacting online than humans very soon,” aligning with earlier remarks from Jeremy Allaire, who projected that “literally billions of AI agents” could be active on-chain within three to five years.

Similarly, former Binance CEO Changpeng Zhao has argued that crypto is the “native currency for AI agents,” particularly for automated payments ranging from ticket purchases to recurring bills.

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However, activity tied to the x402 protocol has yet to show steady growth. Data from Dune Analytics indicates that usage surged late last year before tapering off.

Weekly transaction counts climbed to about 13.7 million during the week of Nov. 4–10, followed by another 13.66 million the week after. Activity has since cooled, with weekly volumes ranging from roughly 29,000 to 1.1 million so far in 2026, pointing to uneven adoption despite strong backing from major industry players.

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Ripple CEO Reveals the Secret Behind Its Crypto and Fiat Treasury System

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What does it take to get corporations into digital assets? According to Brad Garlinghouse, the formula is surprisingly simple.

The Ripple CEO just broke down the “secret sauce” behind Ripple Treasury. It’s an enterprise treasury management platform that lets businesses view and manage both fiat and digital assets (including XRP and RLUSD stablecoins) in a single, unified dashboard.

The Two-Ingredient Formula

Garlinghouse laid it out clearly. No complicated onboarding, no new systems to learn, and no juggling between separate platforms for fiat and crypto. Just one unified solution.

Fun Fact: Ripple Treasury facilitated $13 trillion in payments last year. That’s roughly half of the entire US GDP processed through a single treasury platform!

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Brad Garlinghouse, Source: X

What Changed

Ripple Treasury just launched as the first Treasury Management System (TMS) with native digital asset capabilities. For CFOs, this means a single place to hold and manage both digital and fiat assets.

Renaat Ver Eecke, who leads Ripple Treasury (formerly GTreasury), explained the vision:

“From the moment GTreasury became Ripple Treasury, we’ve been building to this, giving Corporates a clear, trusted entry point into digital assets.”

The new features include Digital Asset Accounts and Unified Treasury. Corporate treasurers no longer need separate systems, separate logins, separate workflows. Everything lives in one place.

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Ver Eecke outlined the roadmap: connecting to Ripple’s regulated payments network and prime brokerage. This will allow corporates to use digital assets and stablecoins for cross-border intercompany payments, earn yield on idle cash around the clock, and much more.

The key insight: Corporations don’t want to become crypto companies. They want to use crypto rails without changing their operations. Ripple Treasury meets them exactly where they are.

Ver Eecke summarized it bluntly: “Corporate treasury has never had a solution like this before.”

Ripple Has a Unique Value in the Enterprise Segment

Traditional treasury management is fragmented. Fiat accounts here, digital assets there, cross-border payments somewhere else. Every system requires its own processes, its own compliance checks, its own headaches.

Ripple Treasury collapses all of that into a single platform. Trusted. Regulated. Embedded in existing workflows.

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For CFOs who have been watching crypto from the sidelines, waiting for an entry point that doesn’t require rebuilding their entire infrastructure, this is it. The friction is gone.

Garlinghouse called it the secret sauce. Looking at $13 trillion in volume and native digital asset capabilities, the recipe seems to be working.

The post Ripple CEO Reveals the Secret Behind Its Crypto and Fiat Treasury System appeared first on BeInCrypto.

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Why the RWA Market Is Slowing Down: Is the Boom Over?

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After months of continuous growth, the RWA sector is showing its first signs of a slowdown.

Distributed asset value sits at $27.49 billion with only 1.74% growth over the past 30 days. Stablecoins even recorded a slight decline.

RWA Growth is Dying Out

Current data from RWA.xyz shows the following picture:

  • Distributed Asset Value: $27.49 billion, up 1.74% in a month.
  • Represented Asset Value: $403.28 billion, up 3.33%.
  • Total Asset Holders: 707,564, up 5.7%.
  • Total Stablecoin Value: $299.88 billion, down 0.07%.
  • Total Stablecoin Holders: 241.80 million, up 4.35%.

The number of holders continues to grow, but the value is not keeping pace. New market participants are entering, but bringing less fresh capital than in previous months.

Fun Fact: Despite the slowdown, RWA distributed value has grown from under $5 billion in early 2024 to nearly $28 billion today. The long-term trend remains intact!

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RWA.xyz, Source: X

Which RWA Segments Are Cooling

Several asset categories are contributing to the slowdown:

  • Commodities: Gold prices have stagnated, and tokenized gold follows the underlying asset.
  • US Treasuries: Still the largest segment in the RWA market, but momentum has flattened. Initial demand for tokenized T-bills appears to be stabilizing.
  • Stocks and Asset-Backed Credit: Both categories are also showing reduced growth.

The chart from RWA.xyz displays a clear pattern: explosive growth through 2024 and into early 2025, followed by a gradual flattening in recent months.

A monthly growth rate of 1.74% does not constitute a crash. Annualized, that still represents over 20% growth.

However, compared to the triple-digit percentage gains the RWA sector recorded in 2024, the deceleration is clearly visible.

The slight 0.07% decline in stablecoins deserves particular attention. Stablecoins often serve as an entry point into tokenized assets. A shrinking pool may indicate reduced on-chain activity.

On the positive side: asset holders grew by 5.71%. New participants continue to enter the market, though with more cautious capital allocation.

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The RWA sector appears to be entering a phase of normalization following a period of strong growth. Whether this represents a temporary consolidation or the beginning of a longer trend remains to be seen in the coming months.

The post Why the RWA Market Is Slowing Down: Is the Boom Over? appeared first on BeInCrypto.

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Corporate Bitcoin Split: Strategy Holds, Nakamoto Sells

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Corporate Bitcoin Split: Strategy Holds, Nakamoto Sells

Corporate Bitcoin (BTC) holders are diverging into two distinct paths amid continued market pressure. While Strategy held steady on its massive BTC reserves, Nakamoto Holdings moved in the opposite direction, selling at a loss and trimming exposure as it reworks its balance sheet.

The contrast highlights a growing divide in the corporate Bitcoin treasury model. Some holders have refused to sell, treating BTC as a long-term reserve asset and doubling down through volatility, while others are being forced to unlock liquidity, book losses or rethink capital allocation. 

With Bitcoin down 46% from its peak, the risks behind debt-fueled or aggressive buying strategies are becoming harder to ignore.

Elsewhere, a proposed Bitcoin-backed municipal bond in New Hampshire is moving closer to issuance. It has now received a speculative-grade rating from Moody’s, underscoring both the appeal and the risks of tying public financing to digital assets.

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Nakamoto realizes losses as Bitcoin treasury model comes under pressure

Bitcoin treasury company Nakamoto Holdings sold roughly $20 million worth of Bitcoin in March, executing the sale at prices well below its prior acquisition costs. The transaction reduced its holdings to just over 5,000 BTC and marked a shift from unrealized to realized losses.

The company sold approximately 284 BTC at around $70,400 per coin, significantly less than its average purchase price. The proceeds were earmarked for working capital and business investments tied to recent mergers.

Alongside the crypto sale, Nakamoto also cut its equity exposure to Japanese company Metaplanet, selling millions of shares at a loss. The moves point to a broader balance-sheet reset as digital asset treasury companies come under pressure.

Nakamoto’s Bitcoin holdings over the last year. Source: BitcoinTreasuries.NET

Strategy pauses Bitcoin buys, keeps its treasury intact

Michael Saylor’s Strategy broke a months-long pattern of steady Bitcoin accumulation, reporting no purchases during the latest weekly disclosure period. 

The pause stands out because Strategy has maintained consistent buying as a core part of its corporate identity and capital strategy, especially during the recent market downtrend that has seen Bitcoin fall from $120,000 to below $70,000. 

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Weekly disclosures have become a signal for institutional demand, and even a temporary halt could suggest squeamishness over market conditions, capital availability or the pace of buying. Strategy still holds roughly 762,000 BTC, maintaining its position as the largest corporate holder of the asset.

Strategy’s Form 8-K. Source: SEC

New Hampshire Bitcoin-backed bond inches toward reality after Moody’s rating

A proposed Bitcoin-backed municipal bond in New Hampshire has moved a step closer to issuance after receiving a Ba2 rating, below investment grade, from Moody’s. The structure would give investors exposure to Bitcoin-linked returns within a public finance framework, with proceeds expected to support public infrastructure and development projects.

The planned issuance, reportedly around $100 million, would be backed by Bitcoin collateral rather than traditional tax revenues. Repayments would depend on returns from that collateral, introducing a new approach that ties crypto markets to municipal borrowing.

Bitcoin volatility, cited as a key factor behind the speculative-grade rating, remains elevated compared with traditional asset classes. Source: S&P Global

CoinShares debuts on Nasdaq following SPAC deal

Digital asset manager CoinShares launched on the Nasdaq on Wednesday following a merger with special purpose acquisition company Vine Hill Capital, marking another step in bringing crypto-native companies to US public markets.

The deal gives CoinShares access to a broader investor base and deeper capital markets, while offering public market investors exposure to a company focused on digital asset products and infrastructure. SPAC structures have remained a viable route for crypto companies seeking listings despite shifting market conditions.

As Cointelegraph previously reported, the SPAC merger valued CoinShares at roughly $1.2 billion. 

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