The major impact of tobacco-free products on attendance, behaviour and teacher workloads has been laid bare in a shocking new study.
Trendy nicotine pouches and vapes are putting Scots kids’ educations at risk and disrupting classroom, researchers say.
The major impact of tobacco-free products on attendance, behaviour and teacher workloads has been laid bare in a shocking new study – with pupils admitting dodging lessons to vape or use nicotine pouches – sometimes referred to as ‘Snus’ – while staff say youngsters are showing signs of addiction.
Teachers revealed they are now patrolling school grounds and toilets and engaging with local shops in a bid to try and get on top of the issue, according to a new paper by the University of Stirling and the Scottish Centre for Social Research.
The New Nicotine Products (NNPs) in Scotland study saw 77 pupils aged 14 to 16 interviewed and 13 members of school staff across four secondary schools in Scotland’s central belt.
Principal Investigator Dr Allison Ford, Associate Professor at the Stirling uni’s Institute for Social Marketing and Health, said: “Pupils reported widespread use of NNPs, such as vapes and nicotine pouches, and missed classes and played truant because they were using these products in a variety of places, including school toilets, and outside school grounds.
“A few pupils felt they were addicted to nicotine and reported adverse health effects.
“School staff adopted a range of approaches to address the issue, including regular patrols and sweeps of school areas, monitoring toilet facilities, and visiting neighbourhood shops to encourage more robust retail practices. They are also confiscating vapes and issuing exclusions or detentions for their use.
“However, staff said they have limited knowledge of vapes and nicotine pouches and felt less confident addressing the risks, compared with tobacco-related teaching. They called for more resources to support teaching about the risks of nicotine use among young people.”
The Record led a successful campaign to ban single-use e-cigarettes after an estimated 26million were thrown away in Scotland in 2023.
But teachers have told researchers that the battle against the tobacco-free products craze is bigger than ever.
Nicotine pouches have soared in popularity amongst young people in Scotland in recent years.
They first went on sale in the UK in 2019 and are often sold in bright packaging with appealing flavours to make them more attractive to young users.
The small, teabag-like sachets, that fit under the top lip, are filled with a fibrous white powder infused with nicotine.
Sports stars like ex-Celtic boss Neil Lennon and ex-England forward Jamie Vardy have been known to use pouches, along with former boxer Mike Tyson and late superstar DJ Avicii.
While they are less harmful than smoking, the pouches are highly addictive and not recommended for teenagers or non-smokers. Research has found they can cause a variety of side effects including oral health issues and gastrointestinal problems, with some suffering from gum irritation and recession, increased heart rate, blood pressure and a greater risk of cardiovascular diseases.
Despite the risks, they are largely unregulated and recent studies show young people in Scotland have reported experiencing sickness and fainting while experimenting with them.
While sometimes referred to as ‘snus’, that tobacco product has been banned in the UK since 1992.
Most pouches contain between six and 20 milligrams (mg) of nicotine while some products contain 50mg – that is about five times stronger than an average cigarette.
In 2024, the two most popular nicotine pouches brands, Velo and Nordic Spirit, grew by 96% and 75%. Another popular brand, Zyn, grew by 161% in 2024.
Coupled with the continuing use of vapes among young people, the products are now said to be impacting on learning.
One teacher told the study: “I’ve got a…pupil who vapes every 20 minutes. Every 20 minutes. [They are] up ‘till four in the morning…[and] really struggling to get to classes.”
Another said: “There’s a couple, or maybe more than a couple, in here that are totally addicted to it…and they’ll tell you, they’re very upfront about it. So that is having an impact on behaviour, because it’s like if they don’t get out of class they’re getting more and more agitated.”
One pupil added: “I’ve been caught about five times…so you just need to realise what to do and what not to do.”
Dr Andy MacGregor, Director of Policy Research at the Scottish Centre for Social Research, said: “School staff are spending a considerable amount of time trying to address vaping. Pupils are experiencing negative health effects and missing classes, while those who do not vape can find the atmosphere in school toilets intimidating.
“Teaching resources covering vaping and nicotine pouch use and risks would support those delivering personal and social education.”
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