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Crypto World

What are creator fees? How launchpads pay founders

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What are creator fees? How launchpads pay founders

Launching a memecoin used to be a one-time event. Now, on platforms like Pump.fun, the person who creates a token can earn a cut of every trade, potentially for as long as it trades. That single change has reshaped who launches coins, why, and how the money flows. Here is how creator fees work, how they are evolving, and where they go wrong.

Summary

  • Creator fees are a share of trading activity that a memecoin launchpad routes to the person who created a token, turning a launch into a potential ongoing income stream rather than a one-time event.
  • On Pump.fun, the dominant Solana launchpad, creator fees can reach a small percentage of each transaction, and the system has evolved from rewarding coin creation to trying to reward genuine trading.
  • A 2026 update introduced creator-fee sharing, letting teams split fees across multiple wallets, transfer token ownership, and assign percentages to community administrators.
  • The mechanic has produced a new playbook in which some creators airdrop their fees back to holders to build loyalty, while the same tools can sustain hype around a token the creator profits from.
  • Creator fees align incentives in theory but introduce real risks in practice, from incentivizing spam launches to enabling fee extraction at the expense of retail traders.

Creator fees are payments that a memecoin launchpad routes to the person who created a token, taken as a small percentage of the trading activity in that token, which turns launching a coin from a one-time act into a potential source of ongoing income. This is a genuinely important shift in how memecoins work, and it is easy to miss if you only watch token prices. In the older model, someone who launched a token might profit only by holding and selling their own allocation; the act of creating the coin itself paid nothing directly. Modern launchpads changed that by sharing a slice of every trade with the token’s creator, so that a coin which trades actively can pay its creator continuously, sometimes substantially, regardless of whether the creator buys or sells.

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That single mechanic reshaped the incentives of the entire memecoin economy: it changed who launches coins, why they launch them, how they behave afterward, and increasingly how communities and influencers are paid. Understanding creator fees is therefore central to understanding why the memecoin space looks the way it does. The mechanic also sits at the heart of recent flashpoints in crypto, from launchpads redesigning their fee systems to influencers pledging to airdrop their accumulated fees back to traders. To make sense of those stories, you need to understand what creator fees are, how launchpads make money around them, how the systems have evolved from rewarding mere coin creation toward rewarding real trading, the newer fee-sharing tools that let creators split and redistribute their take, the community playbook this has enabled, a concrete worked example of the money involved, and the real risks and abuses the model invites.

This guide walks through each. The goal is not to encourage launching coins or chasing fees, but to explain a mechanism that now shapes the behavior of nearly every memecoin you might encounter, so that you can read the incentives behind a token rather than just its price chart. Once you see who gets paid and how, a great deal of otherwise baffling memecoin behavior starts to make sense.

What creator fees actually are

At the simplest level, a creator fee is a cut of trading taken automatically and paid to a token’s creator. When a launchpad hosts a token, it typically charges fees on trades, and it can direct a portion of those fees to the wallet associated with whoever created the coin. Because the fee is a percentage of trading volume, the creator earns more when the token trades more, which ties the creator’s income to the activity around the coin rather than to a single sale of their own holdings. This is structurally different from the traditional way token creators made money, which was to hold an allocation and sell it, an approach that aligns the creator with dumping on buyers.

A creator fee, by contrast, pays the creator from the flow of trading itself, which in principle gives them a reason to want sustained activity instead of a quick exit. It helps to separate the creator fee from the other fees in the system, because a launchpad’s economics involve several layers. When you trade a memecoin on a launchpad, the fees on that trade can be split among multiple parties: the protocol, meaning the platform itself; the liquidity providers who supply the pool the token trades against once it has graduated to a normal market; and the creator. Each takes a defined slice.

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The creator fee is the portion earmarked for the token’s originator, and on the leading Solana launchpad it can reach a small but meaningful percentage of each transaction. Multiplied across high trading volume, even a fraction of a % per trade can add up to large sums for a coin that catches fire. So the basic picture is this: every trade in a launchpad memecoin pays a toll, and one slice of that toll flows to whoever created the coin, for as long as people keep trading it. That simple arrangement is the engine behind much of what follows.

How launchpads make money around fees

To understand creator fees, it helps to understand the business of the launchpad itself, because the two are intertwined. A memecoin launchpad is, at its core, a fee machine: it earns from the enormous volume of trading that flows through the tokens it hosts, regardless of whether any individual token succeeds or fails. This is a crucial point that explains much of the industry’s behavior. The platform benefits from activity and speculation in aggregate, so its incentive is to maximize the number of coins launched and the volume traded, even though the vast majority of those coins will lose nearly all their value.

The launchpad wins on volume; the individual trader usually does not. The leading Solana launchpad illustrates the scale of this. It has captured a dominant share of Solana’s memecoin launches, on the order of three-quarters of them, and it has generated very large revenues from platform fees. Notably, it has directed the overwhelming majority of its platform revenue, well over 90%, into buying back its own token, retiring a substantial portion of that token’s supply, one of the most aggressive buyback programs in crypto.

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That detail matters because it shows how the fee flows ultimately circulate: trading fees fund the platform, which funds buybacks of the platform’s token, which benefits the platform’s token holders. Creator fees are one branch of this larger fee economy, the branch earmarked for the people who create the coins. Seen this way, the whole system is an arrangement for converting speculative trading volume into revenue and distributing it among the platform, its token holders, liquidity providers, and creators. The traders supplying the volume are the source of all of it.

From rewarding creation to rewarding trading

Creator-fee systems have not stood still; they have evolved in response to the problems they created, and that evolution is instructive. An earlier generation of the dominant launchpad’s fee system, introduced in late 2025 as part of a broader program, was designed to reward successful token creators, and it worked in the sense that it pulled in a wave of new participants, many of whom had never used a crypto application before, who began launching coins to earn fees. Platform activity surged, with trading volumes reportedly doubling. But the design had a flaw that its own operators came to recognize: by rewarding the act of creating coins, it skewed incentives toward low-risk coin creation instead of toward the high-risk trading that actually sustains a launchpad’s health.

In other words, it paid people to mint tokens, which produced a flood of low-quality launches, when what the platform needed was active trading and liquidity. This led to a rethink. The platform’s operators concluded that creator fees needed to change so that they rewarded genuine trading activity and the people who provide liquidity, instead of simply rewarding deployment. They signaled a shift toward what they described as a market-based approach, in which traders, not the people deploying coins, would effectively determine whether a token’s narrative deserved fee support, moving the reward toward the activity that generates real volume.

The operators also made a pointed cultural statement, indicating that no member of the platform’s own team would accept creator fees, and framing the feature as being for the active traders the community calls trenchers. That is why who the fees are aimed at matters in the broader Solana memecoin culture. The direction of travel, then, is away from paying people merely to launch tokens and toward channeling fees in a way that supports trading and liquidity. Whether that fully works in practice is open to question, but the evolution itself reveals the central tension in creator fees: a reward meant to encourage good behavior can easily encourage the wrong behavior, and designing it well is genuinely hard.

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Creator-fee sharing and the newer tools

The most consequential recent change to creator fees was the introduction, in early 2026, of a fee-sharing system that gave creators far more flexibility in how their fees are handled, and understanding it clarifies several recent headlines. Under the older model, directing fees to a specific person or address was cumbersome, and the system sometimes required users to trust others to allocate fees properly, which weakened transparency. The fee-sharing update addressed this by letting a token’s team split its creator fees across multiple wallets, up to ten of them, and assign specific percentages to each, as well as transfer ownership of a coin and revoke certain authorities over it. Importantly, the update also let community administrators, the people who take over a coin in what is called a community takeover, assign fee percentages after a token has launched, opening the fee stream to community structures instead of only the original deployer.

This may sound like a technical plumbing change, but its effects are significant. By making it easy to split and redirect creator fees, the update turned the fee stream into something that could be shared among a team, distributed to a community, or routed to specific purposes, instead of flowing solely to one anonymous creator. It enabled coordinated projects to pay multiple contributors, allowed communities that revive an abandoned coin to capture the fees, and, as the next section describes, made it practical for creators to redistribute their fees back to holders as a loyalty mechanism. The broader significance is that creator fees stopped being a simple, single-recipient reward and became a flexible tool that could be programmed to serve different incentive structures.

That flexibility is powerful, and like most powerful tools in this space, it can be used to align a community or to manufacture loyalty around a token the controllers profit from. The mechanics are neutral; the uses are not. This is why creator fees should be read as the incentive design behind tokens rather than as a simple reward feature. The question is never only whether fees exist; it is who controls them, where they flow, and what behavior they encourage.

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The community playbook this enabled

The fee-sharing tools, combined with the sheer size of fees a viral coin can generate, gave rise to a new playbook that has reshaped how influencers and communities interact with memecoins. The traditional influencer-coin pattern was extractive: an influencer launches or promotes a token, the price spikes on their attention, and they sell into it, leaving followers with losses. The newer playbook inverts part of that. Instead of pocketing accumulated creator fees, some creators now airdrop portions of those fees back to the community of holders and traders, framing it as sharing the rewards with the people who drove the coin’s success.

This redistribution, returning earned fees to holders instead of extracting and exiting, has been received notably well in a culture long cynical about influencers benefiting at retail’s expense. A high-profile instance brought this playbook to wide attention when a prominent Solana influencer, amid a memecoin frenzy built on his name, publicly criticized the launchpad over its handling of rewards and pledged to airdrop his accumulated creator fees, reported in the hundreds of thousands of dollars, back to traders, framing it in the community’s own slang as giving them a boost the platform would not. That was the fee-airdrop playbook in action. The move generated goodwill and reinforced a narrative that the influencer had alignment and skin in the game.

But the same episode illustrates the playbook’s double edge. A fee-airdrop program is a truly community-friendly gesture, and it is also a powerful tool for sustaining attention and buying pressure around a token the creator holds a large position in and profits from. Redistributing fees can align a creator with holders, and it can also be a sophisticated way to keep a speculative coin alive a little longer. Both readings are valid, and the honest view is that creator-fee redistribution is a real improvement over pure extraction while remaining a tool whose ultimate effect depends on the intentions and holdings behind it.

The mechanic does not, by itself, make a memecoin safe. It may reduce one type of extraction while preserving others. It may prove genuine alignment, or it may simply extend the life of a trade that still depends on fresh buyers arriving. The difference depends on the creator’s holdings, transparency, and behavior after the airdrop.

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A worked example: where the money goes

To ground the abstraction, walk through a simplified example of how creator fees flow, using round numbers for clarity instead of precision. Imagine a creator launches a memecoin on a launchpad where the creator fee is set at a small fraction of 1% of each trade, and the coin catches a wave of attention. Suppose that over a busy stretch the token does $50 million in cumulative trading volume as buyers and sellers churn through it. Even at a creator-fee rate of, say, around 0.5% of trading, that volume would generate on the order of a couple of hundred thousand dollars in creator fees flowing to the wallet associated with the coin, entirely separate from any gain or loss on the creator’s own token holdings.

This is why a single viral coin can pay its creator a life-changing sum from fees alone, and why the prospect of those fees draws so many people to launch tokens. Now layer on the fee-sharing tools. With the newer system, that creator could split the fee stream across multiple wallets, perhaps paying several contributors who help run the project, or assign a percentage to a community administrator after a takeover, or set aside a portion to airdrop back to holders. So the same $200,000 might be divided among a small team, partly redistributed to the community to build loyalty, and partly retained.

The numbers here are illustrative, not a claim about any specific coin, but they capture the real dynamic: meaningful sums, generated from the trading volume of ordinary buyers, flowing to creators and increasingly programmable into splits and redistributions. The essential point the example makes is where the money originates. Every dollar of creator fees comes from the trading activity of the people buying and selling the coin. The fee is a transfer from traders to creators, dressed up in various ways.

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Understanding that is the key to reading any claim about creator fees with clear eyes, because it locates who pays and who is paid. A fee can be redistributed, split, or framed as community alignment, but it still begins as a toll on trading activity. That does not make it automatically abusive. It does mean the economic direction of the flow should be clear before anyone treats it as a benefit.

Risks, abuses, and what to watch

Creator fees, for all their cleverness, introduce a set of risks and potential abuses that anyone interacting with memecoins should understand. The first is that fees incentivize spam. When launching a coin can pay, people launch enormous numbers of low-quality coins purely to chase fees, flooding the market with tokens that have no purpose beyond generating trades, which is precisely the problem the launchpads themselves identified and tried to redesign around. The second is fee extraction layered on top of other extraction.

A creator can earn substantial fees while also holding a large token position, and the combination gives them strong tools and strong motives to pump attention around a coin, sustain trading, and benefit regardless of whether holders ultimately profit, which can shade into the pump-and-dump dynamics that critics attribute to influencer-driven micro-caps. That is where how fee extraction can shade into abuse becomes relevant. Not every creator-fee model is a rug pull, but the same environment that supports fee extraction also supports scams, liquidity drains, and insider exits. The difference often lies in wallet concentration, transparency, and whether the creator can profit while holders are left with the downside.

The third risk is trust and transparency in how fees are allocated. Because fee streams can be split, redirected, and assigned to various wallets, it is not always clear who is actually receiving a coin’s fees or what they will do with them, and earlier systems were criticized for requiring users to trust others to allocate fees properly. The fourth is that the entire structure is funded by retail traders, the people supplying the volume, most of whom lose money on the highly volatile tokens involved, while fees flow to creators and platforms regardless. There are also broader integrity questions hanging over the dominant launchpad, including a major lawsuit alleging an insider-driven system that favored privileged participants at retail’s expense, a reminder that the fee economy operates in a lightly regulated and contested environment.

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The practical guidance that follows from all this is to read creator fees as an incentive structure, not a feature that benefits you. When you encounter a memecoin, ask who earns its fees, how large their position is, and whether the activity around it is organic or manufactured by people who profit from the trading. Creator fees explain a great deal of memecoin behavior, and almost none of it is designed in the interest of the trader supplying the volume. They are part of the launch mechanism fees ride on, and understanding both the curve and the fee stream is how you see the full extraction path.

Frequently asked questions

What is a creator fee in crypto?

A creator fee is a share of trading activity that a memecoin launchpad routes to the person who created a token, taken as a percentage of each trade. It turns launching a coin into a potential ongoing income stream, because the creator earns from the flow of trading instead of only from selling their own holdings. On the leading Solana launchpad, the creator fee can reach a small percentage of each transaction, which can add up to large sums for a coin that trades heavily. It is one of several fees on a trade, alongside the protocol’s cut and the fees paid to liquidity providers, and it is specifically the slice earmarked for the token’s originator.

How much can a creator earn from fees?

It depends entirely on trading volume, since the fee is a percentage of trading. For a coin that fails to attract attention, the fees are negligible. For a coin that goes viral and trades tens of millions of dollars in volume, even a fraction of a % per trade can generate hundreds of thousands of dollars in fees, separate from any gain on the creator’s own holdings. This is why viral coins can pay their creators life-changing sums from fees alone, and why the prospect draws so many people to launch tokens. The flip side is that the overwhelming majority of launched coins generate almost nothing, because most never attract meaningful trading.

What is creator-fee sharing?

Creator-fee sharing is a system introduced on the leading Solana launchpad in early 2026 that lets a token’s team split its creator fees across multiple wallets, up to ten, and assign specific percentages to each, as well as transfer a coin’s ownership and revoke certain authorities. It also lets community administrators who take over a coin assign fee percentages after launch. The effect is to turn the creator fee from a single-recipient reward into a flexible tool that can pay a team, fund a community, or be redistributed to holders. It made the fee stream programmable, which enabled new uses like airdropping fees back to a community, while also raising questions about who actually controls a coin’s fees.

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Why do some influencers airdrop their creator fees?

Because it builds goodwill and a narrative of alignment. The traditional influencer-coin pattern is extractive, with the influencer selling into the hype they create. Airdropping accumulated creator fees back to holders inverts part of that, framing the influencer as sharing rewards with the community that drove the coin, which plays well in a culture cynical about influencer extraction. A prominent example saw a Solana influencer pledge to airdrop his fees back to traders during a frenzy built on his name. The honest read is that this is both a truly community-friendly gesture and a tool for sustaining hype around a token the influencer profits from, since the same move keeps attention and buying pressure alive.

Are creator fees bad for traders?

Creator fees are funded by traders, since every dollar of fees comes from the trading volume of people buying and selling the coin, so they represent a transfer from traders to creators and the platform. They also create incentives that often work against traders: they reward spamming low-quality coins, they give creators tools and motives to manufacture hype around tokens they profit from, and they fund a system in which platforms and creators earn regardless of whether holders win or lose. They are not inherently fraudulent, and redistribution can return some value to communities, but they are best understood as an incentive structure that benefits creators and platforms. That structure is funded by the speculative activity of retail traders who mostly lose.

Which launchpad pays creator fees?

The most prominent is the dominant Solana memecoin launchpad, which captured roughly three-quarters of Solana’s memecoin launches and built an elaborate creator-fee system, including the 2026 fee-sharing tools described here. It directs a small percentage of each trade to a coin’s creator and has evolved its system from rewarding coin creation toward trying to reward genuine trading and liquidity. Other launchpads on Solana and other chains have their own fee models, and the specifics vary. But the general concept, routing a slice of trading fees to token creators, has become a standard feature of the memecoin launchpad model instead of something unique to any single platform.

This article is educational information, not financial advice or an endorsement of launching or trading any token. Details of launchpad fee systems, rates, and features reflect reporting available as of June 29, 2026, and can change. Memecoins are extremely high-risk and frequently lose most or all of their value, and the fee structures described are funded by trading activity that mostly results in losses for participants. Verify current platform terms independently and consult a qualified professional before making any decision.

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Obfuscation May Enable Private On-Chain Voting

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Crypto Breaking News

Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin has laid out a longer-term cryptography blueprint for private, onchain voting that aims to avoid the need for a trusted group to handle ballots. In a technical essay published Monday, Buterin argues that a cryptographic technique known as indistinguishability obfuscation (iO) could let blockchain systems compute voting results while keeping individual votes hidden and limiting opportunities for collusion.

The proposal centers on replacing traditional threshold-style committees—groups that collectively decrypt encrypted votes—with protected programs designed to reveal only the final outcome. Buterin cautions, however, that the approach is not yet practical, with the most conservative versions requiring extremely heavy computation and faster variants depending on less-tested security assumptions.

Key takeaways

  • Buterin’s proposal uses indistinguishability obfuscation (iO) to create “protected programs” that can compute vote tallies without exposing ballot contents.
  • The design is intended to reduce reliance on threshold committees that jointly decrypt results, potentially lowering the trust needed for private onchain voting.
  • Even with iO, blockchains remain essential because protected programs can’t stop being copied or support state updates on their own.
  • Buterin describes current constructions as computationally impractical, positioning the idea as research direction rather than a near-term deployment plan.

From encrypted ballots to protected programs

Buterin frames iO as a method for hiding software logic. In his explanation, iO transforms a piece of code into a protected program such that others can run it to obtain the intended output, but cannot inspect the internal code or retrieve embedded sensitive data. He emphasizes that this approach focuses on concealing the program itself, rather than solely masking the data it processes.

In the context of voting, the idea would be to package the tallying and eligibility logic into an obfuscated program. Voters could submit encrypted ballots, and the system would execute the protected program to produce a final tally without exposing how individual participants voted. In effect, this would remove a key requirement of many private voting schemes: coordinating a set of operators (a threshold committee) that holds decryption capabilities and must behave honestly.

Buterin also notes that blockchains still have to do the heavy lifting for public coordination and evolving state. While iO can hide computation details, it cannot prevent copying or manage changing information by itself, so a blockchain—or similar distributed infrastructure—would remain necessary for the system to function over time.

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Why dropping threshold committees matters

Private onchain voting typically involves operational trust assumptions, even when votes remain cryptographically protected. In many designs, groups of operators must safeguard information and follow the protocol correctly—particularly during decryption or tallying. Buterin argues that eliminating (or sharply reducing) the need for threshold committees could make decentralized governance more resistant to manipulation.

In his view, reducing this dependency could also lower the risk of insider interference and enable voters to participate without exposing voting behavior. However, the core promise is not only privacy for individuals; it is also a shift in who has meaningful control over the outcome. Instead of multiple parties jointly controlling decryption, the tally would be derived from running a protected program intended to reveal only what the system needs to disclose.

That said, the essay’s emphasis on security assumptions and computational feasibility underlines that the practical challenge is formidable. The approach is designed to minimize trust—but it still must be engineered so that security holds under realistic operating constraints.

Security trade-offs and why deployment is still out of reach

Buterin’s assessment is explicit: the idea, while conceptually aligned with “almost no trust assumptions,” is not ready for real-world use. He describes the most conservative constructions as requiring what he calls “galactic” amounts of computation—suggesting that the computational overhead would overwhelm any system intended for everyday participation.

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He also points to a tension faced by cryptographic research more broadly: faster constructions tend to rely on weaker or less-tested security assumptions. In other words, an implementation that is technically feasible may not yet offer the same level of assurance as the most conservative theoretical design. This leads Buterin to characterize iO-based private voting less as a deployment-ready system and more as a long-term research direction.

For investors and builders watching Ethereum’s roadmap, the takeaway is that privacy research is moving toward more rigorous “how it’s computed” privacy—yet the path from cryptographic theory to production-grade systems will require major advances in efficiency and confidence in assumptions.

How this fits into Buterin’s broader privacy agenda

This iO voting essay builds on earlier work by Buterin linking advanced cryptography to stronger privacy and reduced coercion risk. In October 2024, he connected iO with private voting in an Ethereum roadmap he published, arguing that the technique could improve privacy guarantees.

He has also pushed for practical privacy steps within Ethereum’s ecosystem. In April 2025, Buterin proposed a more immediate privacy roadmap that called for integrating privacy tools into existing wallets. That proposal also advocated for stronger protections against data collection by infrastructure providers used by wallets to access Ethereum, reflecting an emphasis on privacy not just at the cryptographic layer but in the surrounding network services.

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Buterin has additionally directed personal funds toward privacy-preserving projects. According to earlier coverage by Cointelegraph, on Jan. 30 he earmarked 16,384 Ether (ETH) (about $45 million at the time) to support initiatives focused on privacy, open infrastructure, and self-sovereign tools.

Read together, these threads show a consistent direction: privacy improvements are being pursued both through long-horizon cryptographic designs like iO and through nearer-term engineering changes that could reduce exposure to tracking and data collection.

For now, the most important question is what—if anything—can be improved to make iO-based voting computationally viable without sacrificing security confidence. Readers should watch for follow-up research that narrows the performance gap and clarifies which security assumptions would be acceptable for real deployments.

Risk & affiliate notice: Crypto assets are volatile and capital is at risk. This article may contain affiliate links. Read full disclosure

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Bitmine Increases ETH Holdings to 5.7M After Joining Russell 1000

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Bitmine Immersion Technologies said it added more than 27,000 Ether to its treasury last week after completing a $43 million purchase. The update comes as the company prepares for greater visibility with its inclusion in the Russell 1000, an index that many funds use as a benchmark for passive investing.

In a disclosure shared on Monday via PR Newswire, Bitmine said its Ether holdings reached just over 5.7 million ETH. The company reported buying the tokens at an average price of $1,569 per Ether and said it now holds about 4.7% of Ethereum’s 120.7 million token supply—moving it closer to its stated objective of owning 5% of the asset.

Key takeaways

  • Bitmine reported a $43 million Ether purchase that increased holdings to just over 5.7 million ETH at an average $1,569 per token.
  • The firm said its stake is now roughly 4.7% of Ethereum’s circulating supply, edging toward a 5% target.
  • Bitmine’s Russell 1000 inclusion is expected to bring additional institutional demand through funds that track the index.
  • Despite broader Ethereum developments, Bitmine’s chairman described the prior week as difficult for crypto investors after Ether fell about 8%.
  • Other crypto-linked firms were also added to the Russell 3000 Index recently, expanding how traditional investors encounter crypto treasury businesses.

A growing Ether treasury amid a volatile week

Bitmine’s announcement frames the latest acquisition as part of a continued push to build a larger corporate Ether position. After its recent buy, the company said it holds slightly above 5.7 million Ether and has reduced the gap to its 5% supply goal.

The filing also highlights how market price swings can complicate treasury strategies even when the broader Ethereum ecosystem is active. Bitmine chairman Tom Lee characterized the preceding week as challenging for crypto investors, saying Ether fell by 8%. In his remarks, he noted Ethereum-related positives—including the creation of Ethlabs—and pointed to a softer tone from the Bank of England regarding stablecoins.

Even with those developments, Lee said the selloff played out in ways that can influence investor behavior. He later attributed some of the pullback to what he described as “window dressing,” where investors reduce exposure to assets that have declined over recent months.

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Why Russell 1000 inclusion could change Bitmine’s investor base

Beyond the treasury update, the more market-facing development is Bitmine’s addition to the Russell 1000, which tracks the largest 1,000 US companies. Bitmine said this step may increase investor demand for its shares because many mutual funds, ETFs, and pension funds follow Russell indices and must buy constituents once they are added.

Lee previously discussed this mechanism when Bitmine was first under consideration for the Russell index in May. He said passive index funds can account for up to 25% of the market capitalization of stocks included in the index.

In Monday’s comments, Lee said Russell 1000 membership is expected to add “hundreds and possibly thousands” of additional institutional investors as equity owners of Bitmine. For a company whose business model is closely tied to holding and managing Ether exposure, a shift in the shareholder base can matter: institutional ownership patterns can influence liquidity, trading volume, and the range of investors willing to hold crypto-treasury equities over the long run.

Stock movement follows Ether, despite new corporate catalysts

Bitmine’s share performance on Monday reflected both the company’s corporate update and the broader pressure on Ether. The stock rose 1.7% to close at $13.80, according to the article, but it has fallen roughly 9% over the past week in tandem with Ether’s decline.

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That pattern underscores an important tension for investors watching crypto treasury businesses: even when the company executes meaningful purchases or secures index inclusion, the underlying price of Ether can still dominate near-term equity performance. In other words, Bitmine’s catalysts may improve access to new capital sources, but the valuation of its holdings remains directly linked to market conditions for ETH.

Broader index adoption for crypto-related firms

The Russell inclusion story is not unique to Bitmine. The article noted that rival crypto treasury firms Sharplink and Forward Industries—along with Gemini and Galaxy Digital—were also added to the Russell 3000 Index on Friday. The Russell 3000 tracks the largest 3,000 US companies, which can create additional pathways for traditional market participants to build exposure to crypto-linked public equities.

For investors, this trend signals a gradual normalization of crypto-related businesses inside mainstream index ecosystems. However, it also raises a watchpoint: as more crypto treasury firms enter large-cap indices, their stock demand may become more mechanically tied to index-tracking flows, potentially increasing short-term trading activity around reconstitution dates.

At the same time, it does not remove the central risk for equity holders—Ether’s market volatility. Bitmine’s chairman’s remarks about window dressing and short-term reductions in exposure illustrate how quickly sentiment can shift even when broader Ethereum developments continue.

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Investors should watch whether Bitmine’s Russell 1000 entry translates into sustained institutional ownership or whether near-term trading remains dominated by ETH price movements. The next key question is how the company continues to balance incremental Ether acquisitions with the equity volatility created by shifting crypto market sentiment.

Risk & affiliate notice: Crypto assets are volatile and capital is at risk. This article may contain affiliate links. Read full disclosure

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Tether trades at 7% to 10% premium in India. Exchanges say its just supply and demand

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India pushes digital rupee through welfare pilots as BRICS CBDC plan takes shape

In recent days, USDT has traded at a premium across several Indian exchanges, with premiums generally ranging between 7% and 10%, depending on liquidity and market activity. On CoinSwitch, USDT has traded at around a 9% premium over the past few days.

“At CoinSwitch, users always see the live buy and sell price before placing an order. We do not charge any hidden fees beyond our disclosed brokerage. The premium reflects prevailing market conditions rather than any platform-imposed markup,” Singhal said.

Both CoinDCX and CoinSwitch attribute the premium entirely to organic supply-and-demand dynamics: more buyers than sellers, thinner liquidity near the global reference price, and a market mechanism — not platform pricing decisions — setting the rate. Neither executive directly addressed the ED’s enforcement action or its effect on token supply in their statements.

Nevertheless, the supply squeeze that drove the premium unusually higher could be linked to the enforcement action.

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Market makers and liquidity provides could have scaled back from sourcing USDT overseas after the ED’s action, which would show up exactly as a supply-side liquidity shortage, the same mechanism both Thakur and Singhal describe in general terms.

Operating on Indian exchanges has been relatively tougher for market makers because of a flat 30% tax on gains, no allowance to offset losses, and a restrictive 1% tax deducted at source (TDS). These rules have long contributed to market dislocations.

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SEC wins NanoBit crypto fraud case as court orders over $5.5M

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SEC approves T. Rowe Price crypto ETF with BTC, ETH and XRP exposure

The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission has secured a final default judgment in its case against NanoBit Limited and several linked defendants. 

Summary

  • SEC judgment orders NanoBit-linked defendants to pay over $5.5M after alleged WhatsApp investor fraud scheme.
  • Regulators said the fake platform used group chats, false broker claims, and fake ICO pitches.
  • The case shows fraud enforcement continues even as broader crypto rulemaking moves toward clearer standards.

According to the SEC litigation release, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York entered the judgment on June 16, nearly two years after the agency filed its complaint.

The court ordered NanoBit, Radiant Horizons Limited, Sweet Karma Fashion Inc., Zhao Tropical Deli Inc., Jiajie Liu and Hua Zhao to pay penalties, disgorgement and interest. The final judgment lists total payment obligations of about $5.52 million across the defendants.

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SEC says NanoBit platform was fake

The case centered on claims that NanoBit operated as a fake crypto trading platform. The SEC said the defendants and other scheme participants used social media apps to reach investors before moving them into WhatsApp groups.

In its September 2024 complaint, the agency said the participants posed as financial industry professionals and built trust with investors. The SEC alleged that NanoBit falsely claimed an affiliate, NanobitUS Securities, was registered with the regulator.

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WhatsApp groups and false broker claims

The SEC said the supposed financial professionals promoted fake initial coin offerings and presented NanoBit as a working trading venue. Investors allegedly saw platform screens that appeared to show crypto prices, account balances and trading activity.

“No transactions took place on the NanoBit platform” and that “investors’ funds in fact went to scheme participants,” the regulator said.

According to the SEC, more than $2 million was wired to bank accounts in Hong Kong, while hundreds of thousands of dollars in crypto assets were misused.

Fraud enforcement continues

The NanoBit judgment adds to a string of crypto fraud actions even as U.S. regulators change their wider approach to digital asset policy. As reported by crypto.news, the SEC had already named NanoBit and CoinW6 among relationship investment scam cases in its 2024 enforcement review.

As reported by crypto.news, the SEC also charged Texas resident Nathan Fuller in May over an alleged $12.3 million AI crypto arbitrage scheme. That case involved claims of guaranteed returns from a trading robot, according to the report.

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The same fraud risks have spread beyond fake trading platforms. As reported by crypto.news, TRM Labs warned this month that scammers had created World Cup-related crypto fraud operations, including fake ticketing sites and a fixed-match betting scheme.

The SEC has also warned investors about group-chat scams. In a December 2025 investor alert, Investor.gov said people should “never rely solely on information from group chats” when making investment decisions. The agency also urged investors to check the background of anyone offering or selling investments.

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Strategy Sets $1.25B Bitcoin Sale Plan After Pausing BTC Purchases

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Crypto Breaking News

Strategy opened a new funding chapter after authorizing Bitcoin monetization for credit support, preferred security buybacks, and dividends. The company also paused Bitcoin purchases while raising $1.15 billion through MSTR stock sales. The move shifts part of its treasury policy from pure accumulation to broader capital management.

Bitcoin Monetization Plan Takes Shape

Strategy adopted its Digital Credit Capital Framework on June 29 through a new regulatory filing with broader funding options. The framework targets stronger liquidity, preferred security support, and long-term exposure to Bitcoin. It also aims to protect shareholder value as the firm manages larger credit obligations and capital needs.

The central tool is a Bitcoin Monetization Program, which allows controlled BTC sales for defined purposes rather than simple accumulation. Strategy may generate up to $1.25 billion and place the cash in its USD Reserve for near-term needs. The reserve can fund dividends, interest payments, cash buffers, and approved repurchase programs without selling new shares.

However, the company said the program does not require any Bitcoin sales under current conditions or future obligations. Therefore, Strategy may keep its full Bitcoin position if management avoids monetization and protects its treasury. Still, the recent 32 BTC sale raised market questions among traders and analysts after the new plan became public.

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MSTR Stock Sale Funds Balance Sheet

Strategy reported no Bitcoin purchases for the week ending June 28, ending a steady accumulation phase after active weeks. The pause ended its recent buying streak, although the company kept its total holdings unchanged for now. Its treasury still holds 847,363 BTC, bought for an aggregate cost of $64.10 billion.

At the same time, Strategy sold 12.67 million MSTR shares under its at-the-market program to raise fresh cash. The sale produced about $1.152 billion in net proceeds for the company during the same period after fees. That capital gives management more room to handle payouts, reserves, and credit security needs without immediate Bitcoin buying.

The stock sale also adds context to the new framework and its wider treasury shift after the weekly update. Strategy has long used equity issuance and preferred securities to support Bitcoin accumulation while protecting BTC exposure. Now, it has added Bitcoin monetization as another funding option for balance sheet management as markets change.

Digital Credit Securities Buyback Gets Approval

Strategy also authorized repurchases of up to $1 billion in Digital Credit Securities under the new framework. The approval covers STRC, STRF, STRD, and STRK, depending on management’s capital structure view and pricing. The company said buybacks could occur if they improve liquidity, security pricing, or capital efficiency.

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If Strategy uses Bitcoin proceeds for repurchases, it must route them through the monetization program. This link gives the company a formal path from BTC sales to credit support and cash reserves. Even so, the framework leaves final action with management and market conditions, not automatic triggers.

The company also lifted the annual STRC dividend rate to 12% from July 1. Strategy designed to help pull STRC closer to its $100 par value over time. STRC rose 9.48% in premarket trading to $81.64 after the announcement, showing a sharp early response.

Risk & affiliate notice: Crypto assets are volatile and capital is at risk. This article may contain affiliate links. Read full disclosure

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Tom Lee Ties Ethereum Selloff to Quarter-End Window Dressing

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Tom Lee Ties Ethereum Selloff to Quarter-End Window Dressing

Bitmine Chairman Tom Lee tied Ethereum’s (ETH) 8% weekly drop to quarter-end window dressing, arguing funds trimmed three-month losers.

The executive made the comments as Bitmine reported holdings of 5,700,040 ETH worth roughly $9 billion.

Lee Frames ETH Drop as Quarter-End Window Dressing

Window dressing refers to fund managers selling underperforming positions before quarter-end reporting dates. The practice allows them to present portfolios with fewer losing positions to clients, even though it does not improve the portfolio’s actual performance or returns.

Lee pointed to the term when describing Ethereum’s recent slide. 

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“This past week was a challenging one for crypto investors as ETH fell by 8% … We are nearing quarter-end for June, and it is not surprising to see ‘window dressing’ leading to investors reducing their holdings in assets which have fallen in the past 3 months,” he said.

The drop fits a wider decline. Ethereum has fallen nearly 22% over the past month, outpacing Bitcoin’s (BTC) 19% loss. It is also on track for a third consecutive red quarter. 

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Treasuries Keep Buying as ETH Trades Below Cost

Nonetheless, Bitmine kept accumulating through the weakness. The firm acquired 27,084 ETH last week.

Its stake now equals 4.7% of the 120.7 million ETH supply, or 94% of its “Alchemy of 5%” target. 

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“The future roadmap for crypto remains positive as the dual drivers of Wall Street modernizing its legacy infrastructure on crypto rails and the future of agentic-AI payment systems on crypto rails remain intact. Bitmine remains focused on the longer-term horizon and continues to manage the company to be positively positioned for these exponential drivers,” Lee added.

Meanwhile, the second-largest Ethereum holder, SharpLink, has also resumed buying. The firm restarted its accumulation after an eight-month pause. 

According to Lookonchain, it has acquired 39,196 ETH. Despite the renewed buying, SharpLink still holds an unrealized loss of nearly $1.7 billion, with an average acquisition cost of about $3,609 per ETH.

The renewed buying signals conviction among large holders even as prices sit far below their entry points. Whether quarter-end reporting marks a turn or deeper weakness may become clearer in July.

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MiCA’s transitional period ends July 1. Here is what European crypto users need to know

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Polish President Nawrocki stalls MiCA rollout despite deadline

Disclosure: This article does not represent investment advice. The content and materials featured on this page are for educational purposes only.

The EU’s MiCA transition ends July 1, requiring crypto firms to hold CASP licenses as investors reassess platform compliance and regulatory status.

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Summary

  • EU MiCA rules enter full force on July 1, leaving most previously registered crypto firms without authorization.
  • MiCA’s full rollout reshapes Europe’s crypto market as investors shift toward licensed trading platforms.
  • Europe’s MiCA deadline prompts investors to verify exchange licenses before stricter crypto rules take effect.

The EU’s 18-month grace period for crypto firms is closing. With 83% of previously registered exchanges still unlicensed, European investors face real platform risk — and a narrow window to act.

The deadline is not a technicality. On July 1, 2026, the European Union’s Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) regulation transitions from its 18-month grandfathering phase into full enforcement. Of the 1,200-plus crypto firms that previously held national VASP registrations across the bloc, only approximately 210 have converted to full CASP licensing under MiCA. The remaining 83% either did not complete the process, are mid-application without legal standing to continue operating, or have already quietly withdrawn from the EU market.

ESMA has stated clearly that after July 1, 2026, any entity providing crypto-asset services to EU clients without a MiCA licence will be in breach of EU law and must cease offering those services. This is not a grace period extension — it is the end of one.

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What MiCA actually changes

MiCA, which entered into force in June 2023 and came into full application in December 2024, creates a unified licensing regime across all 27 EU member states. Under MiCA, CASPs — crypto-asset service providers including exchanges, custodians, brokers, and trading platforms — must meet strict requirements on governance, safeguarding of client assets, IT security, and disclosure. Authorization in one EU country gives firms passporting rights to serve clients across the entire Union.

The framework’s scope is deliberately broad. It covers exchanges and trading platforms, portfolio managers, custodians, and brokers. It also sets new standards for stablecoin issuers — major stablecoins like USDT remain non-compliant under MiCA, forcing exchanges to delist them and fragmenting liquidity in the European market.

For investors, the most consequential aspect of MiCA is what happens to assets held on platforms that do not make the cut. Firms that have not yet submitted a MiCA authorization application face a near-impossible timeline. Regulatory processing periods range from 25 to 40 business days for an initial completeness assessment alone. Those still mid-process have no guaranteed protection after the deadline passes.

The authorization landscape

The authorized cohort remains small relative to the broader market. As of March 2026, CASP authorizations crossed 40 fully approved firms across the EU, with 14 centralized exchanges holding licenses — led by Binance in France, Kraken and Coinbase in Ireland, Bitstamp in Luxembourg, and OKX in Malta.

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Among the platforms that did not wait for regulatory pressure to force compliance is SwissBorg, a European wealth management app that secured its regulatory approvals through French authorities ahead of the July deadline. France is considered one of the more stringent MiCA jurisdictions, and authorization there covers passporting rights across the broader EU. SwissBorg‘s users can continue accessing its yield products, diversified investment themes, and trading infrastructure without service interruption — a position that contrasts sharply with platforms still working through the authorization queue.

Approximately 70% of EU-based crypto transactions now occur on MiCA-compliant exchanges, suggesting that despite the low firm count, volume has already concentrated around licensed platforms. Administrative fines under Article 111 can reach €15 million or 12.5% of annual turnover, whichever is greater, for non-compliance.

The timelines have not been uniform across member states. Transitional periods varied dramatically, with the Netherlands requiring compliance by July 2025, Italy by December 2025, and others extending to the July 2026 outer limit. In practice, some European investors have already been navigating a partially cleared market for months.

What investors should do now

The most immediate action is verification. ESMA publishes an interim MiCA register — updated weekly — that lists authorized CASPs, white papers, and entities flagged as non-compliant. Any platform that cannot be found in that register should prompt a closer look at where assets are currently held and what withdrawal options exist before activity is suspended.

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Stablecoin allocations warrant particular attention. MiCA’s earlier June 2024 phase already reshaped the European stablecoin market through reserve requirements and redemption rules that hit asset-referenced tokens and e-money tokens first. The ongoing pressure on USDT’s EU distribution is a direct downstream effect of that earlier phase. Users holding non-compliant stablecoins on EU-facing platforms may find their trading pairs restricted or eliminated in the coming weeks.

ESMA has stressed that as national MiCA transitional periods expire across the EU, CASPs operating without authorization must implement orderly wind-down plans to minimize harm to clients. Orderly is the operative word — but with concentrated exit pressure expected at the deadline, users on non-compliant platforms should not assume that withdrawal processes will remain frictionless. The practical move is to migrate capital onto a licensed platform before that pressure peaks.

The structural shift

The compliance picture that emerges from MiCA’s full rollout is not simply a list of winners and losers among exchanges. It reflects a more fundamental restructuring of how crypto operates in Europe — one that brings it closer in legal character to traditional financial services, with the same investor protections, the same disclosure obligations, and the same oversight architecture.

Unlike national VASP registrations, MiCA creates a single authorization regime across all 27 EU member states, covering governance, custody standards, conflicts of interest, prudential safeguards, client asset protection, disclosure obligations, market abuse rules, and complaints handling.

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Whether that brings European retail investors more security or simply more friction remains an open question — one that the industry and regulators are still actively working through. What is not open to debate is the deadline. July 1 is two days away, the authorized list is public, and the platforms that prepared early are already operating on the other side of it.

Disclosure: This content is provided by a third party. Neither crypto.news nor the author of this article endorses any product mentioned on this page. Users should conduct their own research before taking any action related to the company.

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Sovereign Funds Buying Bitcoin Dip, MidChains CEO Says

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Sovereign Funds Buying Bitcoin Dip, MidChains CEO Says

Sovereign wealth funds have been accumulating spot Bitcoin, a sign that Bitcoin’s current price level is becoming attractive to institutional investors, according to MidChains CEO Basil Al Askari.

While there has been a slowdown in retail crypto market participation, the opposite is being seen on the institutional and corporate side, Basil Al Askari said on Cointelegraph’s “Chain Reaction” podcast on Monday. 

“I would be able to confirm that one, at least one, and possibly in the coming weeks, two sovereign wealth funds have been accumulating spot Bitcoin specifically,” he said. 

A sovereign wealth fund is a state-owned investment fund, typically capitalized by a country’s reserves, so the move signals state-level conviction, not just private speculation. Sovereign wealth funds collectively control more than $13 trillion globally.

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Al Askari, who heads MidChains, a regulated crypto trading platform focused on retail and institutions based in Abu Dhabi, said this low price point is seen very much as an “entry level for a lot of those mega funds” that have the patience to accumulate over an extended period of time.

Basil Al Askari speaking on Chain Reaction. Source: Cointelegraph

The potential impact on Bitcoin’s price is not going to be a massive cascade on the market immediately, he said, but it sends “a very clear signal” to other institutions that may be sitting on the sidelines and looking at these larger funds as leaders, seeking a “way to experiment and start to get involved” with Bitcoin.

Related: Bullish Bitcoin RSI divergence has analysts calling for 2022-style bear market bottom

“I do think this is what will happen, is that over the longer term period, we’ll start to see Bitcoin becoming more and more scarce as a result of larger holders with much longer time horizons on their holding periods as far as looking at investments.”

Abu Dhabi’s Mubadala Investment Company invested $437 million in BTC via BlackRock’s iShares Bitcoin Trust (IBIT) shares in February 2025, while Bhutan’s Druk Holding and Investments is one of the earliest and most direct sovereign holders of the asset, but it has been selling some this year. 

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ETFs outflow billions as corporates buy the dip

Coinbase’s head of institutional strategy, John D’Agostino, told CNBC earlier this month that the dip is being welcomed by institutional investors.

“I just got off a plane from the Middle East, and I can tell you that the family offices in the UAE and the government and sovereign funds that are putting the effort into buying this asset class are not unhappy at being able to buy it at a discount,” D’Agostino said.

The current situation has been mixed, with sustained US spot BTC exchange-traded fund outflows exceeding $4.1 billion so far this month. Meanwhile, corporate treasuries, primarily Strategy, which has scooped up 3,657 BTC this month, continue to accumulate.

Magazine: AI is banking the unbanked in Africa… faster than crypto

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CBDC ban rides housing bill into Trump’s 10-day deadline

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CBDC ban rides housing bill into Trump’s 10-day deadline

U.S. President Donald Trump is facing a short decision window after House Speaker Mike Johnson sent the 21st Century ROAD to Housing Act to the White House on Monday. 

Summary

  • Trump now faces a 10-day window as the housing bill’s CBDC ban moves toward law.
  • The bill blocks the U.S. Fed from creating a CBDC or similar asset through 2030.
  • Trump’s SAVE America push delayed a housing measure that passed with bipartisan backing last week.

Reuters reported that Trump did not commit to signing the bipartisan housing bill and described it as “a big yawn” while pressing Republicans to move on the SAVE America Act.

The clock matters because the U.S. Constitution gives a president 10 days, excluding Sundays, to sign or return a bill after presentment. If Congress remains in session and the president takes no action, the bill becomes law as if it had been signed.

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CBDC ban sits inside housing measure

The 21st Century ROAD to Housing Act mainly focuses on housing affordability. The package seeks to expand housing supply, support manufactured housing, speed up some reviews, and place new limits on large investors buying single-family homes.

The same bill also carries a non-housing provision aimed at the Federal Reserve. The final package prohibits the Fed from creating a central bank digital currency through 2030. The language covers a CBDC and any asset that is substantially similar to one.

The CBDC clause has moved through Congress alongside broader digital asset debates. The housing bill passed the Senate in an 85-5 vote and the House in a 358-32 vote, giving the package strong support from both parties before it reached Trump.

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SAVE America Act drives the standoff

Trump has linked the housing bill to the SAVE America Act, a voting measure that would require proof of U.S. citizenship for voter registration. He canceled a planned signing ceremony last week and said Republicans should focus on the election bill before other measures.

That position has frustrated some Republicans who want to campaign on housing affordability before the November midterms. Senator Bill Cassidy said it was “irresponsible” to postpone signing the housing bill over the SAVE Act and said relief for high housing costs should start quickly.

Trump also questioned parts of the housing package because Democrats supported it. He said the bill was bipartisan and added that Democrats were getting items he would not necessarily accept, according to reports.

Crypto policy faces a narrow July window

The housing fight comes as the Senate calendar also weighs on crypto legislation. As reported by crypto.news, the Senate adjourned until July 13, leaving lawmakers with less floor time to move the CLARITY Act before the August break.

The CLARITY Act remains central to crypto market structure talks. As reported by crypto.news, it has cleared the House, passed the Senate Banking Committee, and reached the Senate calendar, but it still needs floor action.

The same debate also touches the CBDC issue. As reported by crypto.news, the CLARITY Act includes anti-CBDC language that would bar the Fed from issuing a retail digital dollar without clear approval from Congress.

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SEC Secures $5.4M Judgment in NanoBit Crypto Fraud Case

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Crypto Breaking News

The US Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has secured a fraud judgment against NanoBit Limited, ending a case that began with allegations of a crypto-linked investment scam involving WhatsApp outreach and a fake trading platform.

According to the SEC, the agency brought the suit after it accused NanoBit’s operators of taking funds from at least 18 investors between 2023 and 2024—funds it said were diverted to insiders rather than used to operate a legitimate platform.

Key takeaways

  • The SEC alleges NanoBit used impersonation and social media outreach to lure investors into depositing money into a fake platform.
  • The SEC’s Monday announcement came after an Eastern District of New York court entered a final judgment on June 16 against multiple entities and individuals tied to the case.
  • The court imposed permanent injunctions against the defendants, barring them from participating in the issuance, purchase, or sale of securities.
  • NanoBit and its affiliates were ordered to pay multiple components including fines, disgorgement, and prejudgment interest, totaling nearly $1.8 million for the company-related parties.

SEC wins against NanoBit in a WhatsApp-driven fraud

The SEC said the scheme centered on how victims were recruited and what they were led to believe once they engaged. In its Monday litigation release, the agency described an approach in which NanoBit’s operators allegedly impersonated financial professionals within WhatsApp groups to convince investors to deposit funds.

Instead of reflecting trading activity, the SEC alleged the platform served as a stage to manufacture credibility and performance. The regulator claimed investors were shown a fake dashboard portraying rising returns, designed to give the appearance that their money was increasing.

To further strengthen the illusion, the SEC alleged the operators falsely represented that an affiliate—NanobitUS Securities—was an SEC-registered broker. The SEC also alleged that the platform promoted supposed token offerings, including fake initial coin offerings (ICOs) promising substantial returns.

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Court findings and the size of the penalties

The SEC’s announcement referred to the court’s final judgment entered in the Eastern District of New York on June 16 against four entities and two individuals tied to the NanoBit fraud. The judge found that the defendants violated US securities laws and issued permanent injunctions preventing them from engaging in securities-related conduct.

As part of the enforcement outcome, the court ordered monetary relief that included a fine, disgorgement, and prejudgment interest. The SEC said NanoBit Limited was ordered to pay a $1.18 million fine, disgorgement of more than $532,000 for ill-gotten gains, and nearly $81,200 in prejudgment interest, for a combined total of nearly $1.8 million.

In addition, the SEC said NanoBit’s affiliates—Radiant Horizons, Sweet Karma, and Zhao Deli—each received $1.18 million fines. One of the alleged orchestrators, Jiajie Liu, was ordered to pay approximately $120,000 in penalties, disgorgement, and prejudgment interest.

What the SEC says happened to investors’ money

In the SEC’s September 2024 complaint, the regulator alleged that solicitation began outside the WhatsApp environment. It said NanoBit investors were contacted on social media, including Instagram, before being moved into WhatsApp groups tied to the scheme.

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Once participants were onboarded, the SEC claimed the “NanoBit platform” never executed any real transactions. Instead, it said investors’ funds were directed to scheme participants, including bank accounts in Hong Kong, where the money was allegedly misappropriated.

The SEC further alleged that the amount taken from investors involved both fiat deposits and mismanagement of investors’ crypto assets. It said hundreds of thousands of dollars’ worth of investors’ crypto holdings were taken and routed to individuals connected to the fraud.

When investors attempted to withdraw, the SEC alleged they were confronted with excuses and asked to pay large fees. It also said some victims were removed from the WhatsApp groups after questioning whether the platform was legitimate.

Another data point in the SEC’s ongoing crypto fraud enforcement

The NanoBit ruling adds to a broader enforcement pattern in which the SEC targets crypto-themed scams that rely on messaging apps, fabricated performance, and false claims about regulatory status.

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The SEC release also situated this case within continued scrutiny under the agency’s crypto enforcement efforts. It noted other recent fraud actions, including a May 29 charge against a Texas man accused of raising more than $12 million from roughly 150 investors by claiming to use AI-powered trading bots to generate guaranteed returns, and an April action against crypto executive Donald Basile and two companies he controlled for allegedly raising roughly $16 million from hundreds of investors through false claims tied to a token described as Bitcoin Latinum.

For investors, the practical takeaway is that the mechanics of the NanoBit allegations—social media recruitment, WhatsApp group pressure, and a “dashboard” narrative—mirror tactics frequently used in retail scams across asset classes. In particular, the SEC’s focus on impersonation and fabricated investment performance underscores how easily victims can be pulled into believing returns when verification is absent.

Going forward, traders and retail participants should watch for whether additional orders or parallel actions affect other individuals or entities connected to the WhatsApp outreach and alleged offshore fund routes, and whether the SEC’s detailed allegations prompt further scrutiny of similar “copy trading” and dashboard-based pitches that promise regulated brokerage status or guaranteed outcomes.

Risk & affiliate notice: Crypto assets are volatile and capital is at risk. This article may contain affiliate links. Read full disclosure

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