Creativity, Minds, and Machines in Rome and Vatican City

Its title is “Creativity: Minds and Machines.” The event will link philosophy, artificial intelligence, consciousness, cognitive science, and the arts. It will compare human and machine creativity. It will also ask what creative work can tell us about the system that helped make it.

The ICCS Conference

The International Center for Consciousness Studies holds an annual conference on philosophy of mind and the study of consciousness. The 2026 meeting is the third in the series. It will focus on creativity in humans and machines. That theme reaches beyond art. It also bears on practical judgment, personal identity, and the way people understand other minds.

Dmitry Volkov, Pietro Perconti, and Alessio Plebe founded the center in 2024. They did so in collaboration with the University of Messina. The center is a non-profit cultural association that supports philosophical and interdisciplinary research on mind and consciousness.

The annual meeting uses current cases to test old questions. AI now writes, makes images, gives advice, and helps people tell stories about their lives. Each case calls for its own kind of evidence. A good result may show what a tool can do. It may say less about what the tool knows or feels. A record of prompts and edits may reveal who shaped the work. Critics can still judge the work on its own terms. The ICCS philosophy is to understand how these forms of inquiry fit together.

What Counts as Creativity in Humans and Machines?

Creativity can refer to an agent’s capacity. It can describe how a work was made. It can also name a quality that an audience finds in the work. These uses are linked, but they are not the same. A reader may find a poem original. That judgment does not show that the system that generated it had an aim or understood the poem.

AI also makes control hard to place. Developers build and train a model. Writers and artists created much of the material used in training. A user sets the task and chooses among the results. An editor or curator may then revise the work. The model can still affect what options appear and which forms recur. Such cases raise plain questions: who made the key choices, who changed the work, and who should count as its author?

Recombination is not a clean test of machine creativity. Human artists also work with old forms, styles, and materials. Better questions concern whether a system can pursue a project over time. Can it weigh options and revise its work for reasons it grasps? Can it maintain a goal without being prompted again? The history of a work may matter as much as its novelty.

An impressive result does not by itself show that a system understands what it made. Nor does it establish intention, consciousness, practical judgment, or subjective experience. Similar works can come from very different processes. Audiences therefore look at the work and what they know about how it was made. “Synthetic Creativity. The Observer’s Perspective” will ask how AI changes those judgments.

The panel on artificial wisdom moves from works of art to choices. Practical wisdom is not just skill at finding an efficient means. It also involves judging which ends are worth pursuing in a given case. What is appropriate may depend on the needs and vulnerabilities of the people involved. A system can give useful advice without being wise itself.

The ICCS Conference 2026 Program

The Third Annual Conference, “Creativity: Minds and Machines,” will address the theme through panels on artificial wisdom, creative processes, artificial consciousness, human agency, self-narrative, theory of mind, and the arts. The program will move between questions about AI systems, human responses to them, and broader problems of consciousness and perspective.

The event is organized under the patronage of Università Roma Tre, Pontificia Università Gregoriana, Comune di Roma, the UNESCO Chair in Ethics of AI and Practical Wisdom, and the Society for the Ethics and Politics of AI (SEPAI).

Day 1 will take place at Roma Tre University. One panel will ask whether an AI system can be wise. Another will study the place of consciousness in creative work. Pietro Perconti’s panel will focus on the judgments made by an audience. The last panel will ask what could count as evidence that a machine is conscious. Such a standard would need to identify the relevant indicators. It would also need to say how strong the evidence must be.

Day 2 will take place at the Pontifical Academy of Sciences in Casina Pio IV. “The Existential Agency of AI” will study how AI can affect human choice. The self-narrative panel will look at memory and life stories. An AI tool may draft a passage or suggest a reading of the past. That influence does not make the tool the author of a person’s life. The final panel will ask how artworks represent minds and how audiences interpret the mental states they portray.

Day 3 will begin at the Pontifical Gregorian University. “Consciousness, Perspectivism, and the Arts” will compare several uses of perspective. Art can present a point of view. Psychology can study how people grasp another person’s view. Philosophy can ask what it takes to have a point of view at all. A general discussion will follow. The day will end with the Dennett Prize ceremony in the Sala della Protomoteca at the Capitoline Palace.

Questions that recur across the three days include:

• What would count as evidence of creative agency?
• What evidence could support a claim about conscious experience?
• How should a work’s history affect judgments of authorship?
• When AI helps shape an autobiographical narrative, who controls the story?
• Who is responsible when an AI system shapes a decision?

Perconti, Plebe, and Volkov Across the 2026 Program

The three co-founders will all take part in the 2026 program. Pietro Perconti will chair “Synthetic Creativity. The Observer’s Perspective” on September 1. The panel will ask how viewers, readers, and curators judge AI-made work. They may consider the work itself, but also its history. Facts about prompts, edits, and public display can change a judgment about authorship.

Alessio Plebe will speak later that day. His panel is “Standards for Artificial Consciousness.” It will ask what researchers should look for in an artificial system. Behavior may be one source of evidence. A system’s design, its checks on its own activity, and its contact with the world may also matter.

On Day 2 of the ICCS, Dmitry Volkov will take part in a panel titled “The Existential Agency of AI.” Its focus is the effect of AI on human freedom and self-understanding. AI tools can shape how people write, form ties, and interpret their own choices. They can also create new forms of reliance. The panel will ask what this means for human agency. It will also ask whether any form of agency should be ascribed to the systems themselves. Volkov is also scheduled on September 3. He is listed with Keith Frankish and Andy Clark for the introduction of Nicholas Humphrey.

Nicholas Humphrey and the 2026 Dennett Prize

The Dennett Prize is an annual ICCS award. It honors a scholar whose work has greatly advanced the study of the brain and consciousness. The prize is named after Daniel Dennett. Andy Clark received the first award in 2025.

Nicholas Humphrey is the 2026 laureate. He is a theoretical psychologist who studies how consciousness evolved. His work on blindsight showed that visual skill can remain when conscious sight is impaired. His theory of social intelligence asks why the need to understand and predict other beings helped shape human thought.

Humphrey’s work on animal cognition gives the AI debate a wider base for comparison. Adult human thought is not the only model available. Other animals have different forms of perception, memory, and social skill. It does show why mere likeness to adult human performance is a poor test for consciousness.

Humphrey is due to give the Dennett Lecture on the final day. Its title is “Consciousness and the Soul: the reality of an illusion.” The lecture will take place in the Sala della Protomoteca at the Capitoline Palace. It will link the idea of the soul with the self, personhood, and agency. It will also place the felt self in an account of human evolution.

The title points to an illusionist view of phenomenal consciousness. An account of evolution asks how the felt self arose and what it does. Illusionism asks how we should understand the way that experience seems. Keith Frankish, Dmitry Volkov, and Andy Clark are scheduled to introduce Humphrey.

Creative Output, Agency, and Consciousness

The program separates two questions that often blur together. One concerns the work. The other concerns the system that helped make it. “Synthetic Creativity” looks at the work, its history, and the judgments of an audience. “Standards for Artificial Consciousness” asks what facts about the system would support a claim that it is conscious. A work can seem original even when that second question stays open.

The Day 2 panels show why the issue is not limited to machine minds. An AI tool can affect a human life without having a life of its own. It may select a memory, draft part of an autobiography, or suggest a view of the past. Those acts can shape how a person understands their own life. The hard question is how much control the person keeps.

The arts panels add a related distinction. A work can present a point of view. An audience can then infer a thought, feeling, or aim. Yet the act of presenting a view does not prove that the system has one. Theory of mind studies how people read hidden mental states. The study of consciousness asks whether there is a subjective point of view at all.

Humphrey’s work changes the frame once more. Blindsight shows that useful vision can occur without conscious sight. Research on other animals shows that other minds need not resemble adult human cognition in every respect. Set beside the AI panels, these examples warn against one simple test. Similar behavior may have different causes. The history of the system and the work still matters.

ICCS Conference 2026 FAQ:

What is the ICCS Conference?

It is the annual conference of the International Center for Consciousness Studies, focused on philosophy of mind and interdisciplinary research on consciousness. The program draws on psychology, neuroscience, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence. The 2026 meeting, “Creativity: Minds and Machines,” is the third event in the series.

Where will the event be held in 2026?

It will run from September 1 to 3, 2026, in Rome and Vatican City. Day 1 will be at Roma Tre University. Day 2 will be at the Pontifical Academy of Sciences in Casina Pio IV. Day 3 sessions will be held at the Pontifical Gregorian University, with the final ceremony at the Sala della Protomoteca in the Capitoline Palace.

What topics are on the ICCS program?

Day 1 of the full program focuses on AI, creativity, wisdom, and possible signs of machine consciousness. Day 2 turns to human agency, self-narrative, art, and theory of mind. Day 3 focuses on perspectivism and the arts. Nicholas Humphrey’s lecture will add an evolutionary and comparative perspective on consciousness, including work on animal cognition.

Who founded the International Center for Consciousness Studies?

Dmitry Volkov, Pietro Perconti, and Alessio Plebe founded the center in 2024. They worked with the University of Messina. All three will take part in the 2026 conference program in Rome. Perconti will chair a panel, Plebe will speak, and Volkov will join a panel and help introduce Nicholas Humphrey.

Who will receive the Dennett Prize in 2026?

Nicholas Humphrey will receive the 2026 award. He will give the Dennett Lecture, “Consciousness and the Soul: the reality of an illusion,” during the final-day ceremony. Keith Frankish, Dmitry Volkov, and Andy Clark are due to introduce him. Clark was the first laureate in 2025. The ceremony will be in the Sala della Protomoteca at the Capitoline Palace.

Minds, Machines, and the Limits of Comparison

The International Center for Consciousness Studies will hold the conference “Creativity: Minds and Machines” in Rome and Vatican City. It will run from September 1 to 3, 2026. The official three-day program ranges from artificial wisdom and artificial-consciousness standards to human agency, self-narrative, art, and perspective. Nicholas Humphrey’s lecture adds an evolutionary and comparative perspective on consciousness. Across these topics, one question returns for researchers and audiences alike: what can a result show about the mind behind it? Human and machine outputs may look alike, yet they may arise from different kinds of minds — or from systems for which the category of mind remains unsettled.