City watchdog plans to collect and share all available share trading data

The City regulator is set to begin gathering and disclosing all accessible data on share-trading in a bid to demonstrate that liquidity in UK public markets is not as poor as often perceived.

These plans will serve as an interim measure until the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) releases its ‘consolidated tape’ of trading data next year, which will amalgamate data from various platforms.

“The truth is we have way more liquidity here than is often reported, and that is just silly,” Simon Walls, interim director of markets at the FCA told the Financial Times in an interview.

“We are talking to loads of parties at the moment about whether the FCA can, at a little bit of risk to ourselves, step in and just sort this out.”

Current liquidity estimates are based on the London Stock Exchange’s central limit order book, but this overlooks periodic trades at the LSE – where companies must wait until the end of a scheduled auction period for the transaction to be finalised – as well as trading on dark pools, as reported by City AM.

Dark pools are private trading venues that enable large trades to be executed without publicly revealing information before the trade is completed, helping to minimise the impact on the broader market.

From January to September last year, 270m transactions were logged in the LSE’s data, but the FCA believes the total number of trades could be four times larger.

Numerous companies have cited the UK’s perceived lack of liquidity as a reason for changing their listing. For instance, in 2024, Flutter Entertainment stated it could tap into “the world’s deepest and most liquid capital markets” in New York, while Tui revealed that less than a quarter of its share trading occurred in London compared to Frankfurt, where it also has a listing.

“People in the market know this (the under-reporting) is a problem,” said Walls. “But it does dog us because sometimes when an issuer has historically chosen to move from the UK to the US, one of the thoughts is that liquidity is lower in the UK and often it’s not true.”

Over the past year, the FCA has been distributing a ‘myth-busting’ document asserting that actual liquidity across FTSE indices is on par with the S&P 500 and the Nasdaq 100.

This initiative is the latest effort in recent years to rejuvenate the UK’s public markets following a challenging period. In 2024, approximately 88 firms either completely delisted or shifted their primary listing away from the UK.

Training workers to use artificial intelligence will be “critical” to managing disruption in the UK labour market, according to Andrew Bailey, who said there were already signs that AI was reshaping careers and hiring patterns.

Speaking at a conference in Saudi Arabia on Sunday, Bailey said the long-term impact of AI on employment remained “highly uncertain”, but warned that early indicators pointed to meaningful change.

“In the UK, in the last three years, new online vacancies in the most AI-exposed roles have decreased by more than twice as much as in the least exposed group,” he said.

“On the positive side, however, there has been a significant increase in new tasks, such as integrating AI tools into firms’ workflow processes.”

Bailey cautioned against drawing simplistic conclusions about the effect of AI on jobs, stressing that education and reskilling would be central to ensuring workers were not left behind. “Education and training in AI skills will be critical,” he said. “We shouldn’t resort to oversimplified conclusions on the employment effects.”

His comments came at the end of a volatile week for global markets, during which renewed anxiety over artificial intelligence wiped more than $1 trillion off the combined value of the world’s largest technology and software companies.

Investor nerves were rattled in part by new product launches from Anthropic, one of the world’s leading AI developers. The company unveiled tools aimed at automating legal work such as contract review, alongside its latest Claude Opus 4.6 model, which is capable of analysing complex information and producing presentations and spreadsheets.

The developments fuelled fears about job displacement and business model disruption, triggering sharp share price falls among UK-listed companies seen as highly exposed to AI. These included RELX, London Stock Exchange Group, and Sage.

At the same time, concerns grew that enthusiasm for AI may have run ahead of reality in the US technology sector. Amazon, Alphabet, Meta and Microsoft have collectively committed to spending around $660 billion this year on data centres and advanced computer chips to support AI development.

Fears that such vast capital investment may not deliver sufficient returns have weighed on share prices, adding to wider market turbulence. The pullback follows years of strong gains in US technology stocks, driven by investor optimism about AI-led productivity gains, optimism that has also raised concerns about a potential bubble.

Bailey said there were signs of “fear of missing out” in markets, reinforced by claims that AI represents a structural break from previous technology cycles. “We have seen arguments along the lines of ‘this time is different’, for instance because of the expected productivity benefits of AI,” he said.

He warned that this narrative risked complacency among investors and policymakers alike. “Expectations of AI-driven productivity gains could be disappointed,” he said.

Despite the caution, Bailey struck a broadly optimistic note on the long-term economic potential of AI and robotics. He said he believed the technologies could boost productivity and growth by automating repetitive tasks and creating entirely new types of work.

However, he added that the transition would not be painless. “Some industries might shrink, others grow, and affected workers will need to retrain to adapt their skills,” he said, underlining once again that investment in training would be decisive in shaping the future of the UK jobs market.

Conservative lawmaker Sanae Takaichi led Japan’s Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) to a resounding landslide victory in the February 8, 2026, general election, securing a historic supermajority of 295 seats in the 465-member House of Representatives and ending more than a year of political uncertainty that followed the LDP’s 2024 snap-election setback.

Takaichi, 65, became the first woman to lead the LDP to a national election victory as party president, capturing 312 seats when combined with its junior coalition partner Komeito (24 seats), well above the 233-seat supermajority threshold needed to control both chambers of the Diet and push through legislation with minimal opposition interference. The result marked one of the largest swings in postwar Japanese electoral history and handed Takaichi a clear mandate to implement her hawkish security agenda, economic reforms and traditional-values platform.

Voter turnout reached 57.8%, up slightly from the 2024 low of 55.9%, reflecting heightened public interest in the LDP’s comeback campaign and widespread dissatisfaction with the short-lived opposition-led coalition government that collapsed in late 2025. Preliminary results released early Monday showed the LDP winning 271 single-seat constituencies outright — a gain of 98 seats from its 2024 performance — while proportional representation added another 24 seats.

Takaichi, who assumed LDP presidency in September 2025 after a narrow internal party victory over former Prime Minister Fumio Kishida’s preferred successor, campaigned on a platform of “strong Japan, secure future.” Her manifesto emphasized:

• Constitutional revision to explicitly recognize the Self-Defense Forces and expand collective self-defense rights
• Doubling defense spending to 2% of GDP by 2028
• Aggressive economic stimulus combining tax cuts, deregulation and infrastructure investment
• Promotion of traditional family values and stricter immigration controls
• Energy security through expanded nuclear power and liquefied natural gas imports

The LDP’s sweeping win reversed the dramatic losses of October 2024, when public anger over slush-fund scandals, inflation and perceived weak leadership cost the party its majority. The subsequent minority government under then-Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba relied on fragile support from smaller parties and independent lawmakers, leading to legislative gridlock and frequent no-confidence threats.

Opposition parties suffered heavy defeats. The Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan (CDP), led by Yoshihiko Noda, dropped to 98 seats from 148. The Japan Innovation Party held steady at 44 seats, while Reiwa Shinsengumi and the Japanese Communist Party each lost ground. Smaller centrist and progressive groups largely collapsed, consolidating the political map into a clearer LDP-dominated landscape.

Analysts attributed the LDP’s resurgence to several factors:

• Voter fatigue with opposition disunity and inability to present a coherent alternative government
• Takaichi’s personal popularity among conservative and rural voters, bolstered by her strong performances in televised debates
• Effective use of digital campaigning and targeted social-media outreach to younger and swing voters
• Economic anxieties over inflation, yen weakness and wage stagnation that favored the LDP’s promise of immediate stimulus
• A perception that only the LDP could deliver stable governance amid regional security tensions, including North Korean missile tests and China’s military activities near Taiwan and the Senkaku Islands

Takaichi addressed supporters late Sunday at party headquarters in Tokyo’s Nagatacho district, declaring: “The Japanese people have spoken clearly. They want a strong, proud, secure Japan that protects its families and its future generations. We will not betray that trust.”

She pledged to form a new cabinet swiftly and submit a supplementary budget in March 2026 to fund immediate economic relief measures, including cash handouts to low-income households, expanded child allowances and accelerated infrastructure projects.

International reaction was mixed. U.S. officials welcomed the return of a stable LDP government committed to strengthening the U.S.-Japan alliance and increasing defense contributions. Chinese state media described the outcome as a “dangerous shift toward militarism,” while South Korean officials expressed cautious optimism that Takaichi’s administration would continue pragmatic dialogue despite her past criticism of Seoul’s historical policies.

Domestically, the result sparked debate over the speed and scope of constitutional revision. Takaichi has vowed to convene a formal review process within the first 100 days, though analysts expect the earliest possible referendum to be held no sooner than 2028 due to procedural requirements and public opinion thresholds.

The supermajority also gives Takaichi leverage over internal LDP factions. Her victory over establishment candidates in the September 2025 leadership race already weakened traditional power brokers, and the scale of the electoral win further consolidates her authority. Observers expect her to appoint a cabinet blending loyalists, policy experts and a higher proportion of women and younger lawmakers than previous administrations.

Economic markets reacted positively Monday morning, with the Nikkei 225 rising 2.1% in early trading and the yen strengthening slightly against the dollar as investors anticipated fiscal stimulus and policy predictability.

Takaichi’s personal journey adds historical weight to the victory. A former economic security minister and longtime Abe Shinzo ally, she was once considered a long-shot candidate due to her hardline views on gender roles, history textbooks and security policy. Her ability to broaden appeal — particularly among women voters concerned about inflation and child-rearing costs — proved decisive.

As she prepares to be formally elected prime minister in a special Diet session later this week, Takaichi faces immediate challenges: balancing aggressive defense buildup with fiscal discipline, navigating U.S.-China tensions, addressing Japan’s rapidly aging population and rebuilding public trust after years of scandal.

For now, however, the landslide victory gives her a rare window of political capital rarely seen in recent Japanese politics. Whether she uses that mandate to enact sweeping change or opts for incremental steps will define her premiership and Japan’s trajectory in the late 2020s.