Crypto World
How Account Abstraction Enhances UX for Crypto Exchange Software?
AI Summary
- The blog post discusses the importance of account abstraction in cryptocurrency exchange software to improve user experience by addressing wallet friction issues.
- It highlights how traditional wallet structures create complexities for users, leading to inefficiencies in trading processes.
- Account abstraction shifts execution control to smart accounts, offering benefits such as simplified trading flows, reduced gas fees, and improved security.
- By integrating this technology, exchanges can streamline trade execution, reduce confirmation steps, and enhance user retention rates.
- The post also outlines the security considerations and potential risks associated with implementing account abstraction, emphasizing the need for robust security measures.
Cryptocurrency exchange software has spent the past decade optimizing liquidity, matching engines, and trading interfaces, yet the most critical bottleneck, the wallet layer, sits outside. Externally owned accounts (EOAs), controlled by a user’s private key, underpin most crypto wallets today but were never actually built for high-frequency trading or mainstream usability. Users need to manually manage seed phrases, approve tokens, hold native gas tokens, and sign multiple transactions before executing a single trade. End users gain exposure to low-level blockchain mechanics and a fragmented flow that TradFi platforms eliminated years ago.
Account abstraction changes this model by moving transaction logic, fee handling, and authorization rules into programmable smart accounts. Instead of users adapting to blockchain constraints, the cryptocurrency exchange software can define how accounts behave by sponsoring fees, batching actions, delegating permissions, and enabling flexible authentication. The result is a trading experience that approaches Web2 simplicity while preserving self-custody at the settlement layer.
How Does Wallet Friction Break Crypto Exchange UX?
As stated earlier, the constraint is not liquidity or matching speed but the execution control. When trading relies on EOA-based execution, cryptocurrency exchange software cannot abstract gas management, approval logic, or transaction sequencing. Every trade inherits the blockchain-level constraints.
-
Gas Fees as a Trading Blocker
Exchanges that don’t implement account abstraction require users to
-
- Maintain native tokens (e.g., ETH) for execution
- Monitor gas balances before trading
- Absorb gas price volatility
- Face failed transactions when balances are insufficient
This places a critical part of trade execution outside the control of the crypto exchange software.
Business impact:
Gas dependency increases onboarding friction and introduces failure points during the first trade. Users who encounter gas-related errors early are less likely to complete activation, reducing onboarding completion and first-trade conversion rates. Users’ confidence in the cryptocurrency exchange software also declines.
-
Fragmented Trade Execution Model
EOA-based trading converts a single user intent into multiple independent blockchain actions. A simple trade may, therefore, involve:
-
- Token approval
- Trade submission
- Separate gas payments
- Waiting for on-chain confirmations
What appears as a single action in the UI becomes a sequence of protocol-level operations, increasing cognitive load and execution latency.
Business impact:
When wallet setup introduces additional steps before trading begins, abandonment increases. Each layer of required configuration, including gas funding, approvals, and transaction confirmation, raises entry friction for non-technical users. For active traders, it slows execution velocity and affects retention.
-
Approval Loops and Signature Fatigue
In an EOA-based model, validation occurs one transaction at a time.
-
- As said earlier, a single trade will involve a token approval, trade execution, and multiple gas payments. Each step will also demand a separate wallet confirmation.
- Even when approvals are reused, every trade still requires a manual signature and gas confirmation since execution cannot be batched. For users, this creates an interruption at the exact moment when speed matters most.
Business impact:
Repeated confirmations reduce execution continuity for high-frequency traders and degrade overall crypto exchange software platform stickiness. Over time, this leads to lowered active trader retention.
-
Private Key Responsibility in Crypto Trading Environment
EOAs expose users to complexity and operational risks, including:
-
- Key storage and recovery
- Irreversible loss exposure
- Manual confirmation for every action
This transaction model is structurally incompatible with high-frequency trading, automated strategies, and mobile-first interfaces.
Business impact:
Wallet setup complexity increases onboarding drop-off, and recovery anxiety reduces user confidence in cryptocurrency exchange software. Support tickets related to lost keys, pending transactions, and gas confusion ultimately increase operational overhead.
How Account Abstraction Restructures Crypto Exchange Software Architecture and UX ?
Account abstraction shifts execution control from user-managed execution to programmable smart accounts. Instead of relying on EOAs that execute one signed transaction at a time, crypto exchanges integrating account abstraction operate through smart accounts that embed rules, validation logic, and fee policies directly into the account layer. It is a structural redesign of how transactions are authorized, validated, and executed within cryptocurrency exchange software.
-
Smart Accounts Replace Static EOAs
Under traditional EOA architecture:
-
- Each user controls an EOA via a private key.
- The account can only validate signatures.
- Each transaction is confirmed independently
- It cannot enforce custom rules or automate multi-step logic.
Also, each intent requires token approval, trade execution, separate confirmations, and gas payments, with each step requiring separate validation.
With account abstraction implemented in cryptocurrency exchange development:
-
- Each user operates through a smart contract-based account.
- The account can define validation rules beyond a simple private key signature.
- Execution logic can bundle multiple actions into a single atomic transaction.
Instead of signing multiple blockchain transactions, the user signs only once. This allows cryptocurrency exchange software to define how accounts behave without taking custody of assets.
UX Outcome For Crypto Exchange Software:
A trade that previously required approval + execution + separate confirmations can execute as a single action after cryptocurrency exchange development implements account abstraction. This leads to:
-
- One-click trades
- Reduced signature fatigue
- Faster execution perception
- Lower slippage risk in volatile markets
Users experience intent-based trading instead of transaction-based signing.
-
User Operation Flow Enables Programmable Execution
In an EOA model:
-
- The user signs a transaction.
- The transaction is broadcast to the network.
- The user pays gas directly.
In an account abstraction based cryptocurrency exchange development:
-
- The user signs a User Operation which is an instruction object, not a direct transaction.
- A bundler aggregates multiple User Operations.
- The bundled transaction is submitted on-chain.
- A paymaster can sponsor or manage gas payment.
This way, the user no longer interacts with raw blockchain transactions. Execution becomes purely programmable and policy-driven.
UX Outcome For Crypto Exchange Software
By integrating account abstraction into crypto exchange development, trading platforms can therefore abstract gas fees. Users no longer need to hold native tokens or manually manage fee volatility. Trade execution becomes predictable for users.
-
Fee Handling Becomes Platform-Controlled
EOAs require users to:
-
- Hold native gas tokens
- Estimate and manage gas costs
- Accept failed transactions due to insufficient gas
Account abstraction enabled smart accounts in cryptocurrency exchange software allow:
-
- Sponsored gas
- Stable coin-denominated fee deduction
- Gas fee abstraction at the infrastructure layer
UX Outcome For Crypto Exchange Development:
Since the user-managed gas fee model is eliminated and platforms abstract gas volatility for the users entirely, it results in reduced onboarding friction, higher first-trade success, and simplified mobile trading flows.
-
Authorization Becomes Policy-Based, Not Key-Based
In an EOA model, a transaction is valid if the private key signs it. Authorization is binary as it is either full approval or rejection.
Smart accounts powered by account abstraction introduce conditional validation. An action can be executed only if predefined rules are satisfied, such as:
-
- Multi-signature authentication
- Spending limits
- Time-bound permissions
- Role-specific access (trade allowed, withdrawal restricted)
- Delegated bot or API permissions
- Device-scoped authentication
Validation shifts from “Who signed this?” to “Does this action satisfy defined policy constraints?”
UX Outcome For Crypto Exchange Software:
-
- Session-based trading without repeated confirmations
- Controlled automation for bots and APIs
- Flexible recovery without custodial compromise or requiring users to confirm every transaction manually
This enables high-frequency trading and mobile-first interaction without degrading security posture.
Under EOA-based execution, users adapt to blockchain mechanics.
Under account abstraction based cryptocurrency exchange development, blockchain mechanics adapt to user intent. The exchange defines:
-
- Transaction sequencing
- Fee logic
- Authorization boundaries
- Execution batching
The user interacts with a trading interface where the platform manages the protocol complexity itself.
Top Account Abstraction Implementations 2025-2026
| Entity | Implementation Type | Key AA Features Delivered | Focus / Market Position |
|---|---|---|---|
| OKX Wallet | Smart Account (ERC-4337) | Gasless swaps (using USDT/USDC for fees), Social Recovery, One-click dApp interactions. | UX-first retail onboarding. |
| Coinbase | Coinbase Smart Wallet | Passkey-based login (no seed phrase), “Paymaster” gas sponsorship, Batch transactions. | Bridging CEX users to On-chain. |
| Binance | Binance Web3 Wallet | Hybrid MPC + AA, Secure Auto-Sign (SAS), Sponsored gas on opBNB/L2s. | “Keyless” security and speed. |
| Safe (Gnosis) | Safe Smart Account | Multi-sig governance, Spending/Velocity limits, Custom logic modules (Inheritance). | Institutional & Enterprise treasury. |
| Argent | Argent (ZkSync/Starknet) | Guardian-based Social Recovery, Daily spending limits, Session keys for Gaming. | Mobile-native L2 specialists. |
| Trust Wallet | Smart Accounts (Optional) | Transaction simulation (Security Scanner), Batching, Biometric-backed recovery. | High-security self-custody. |
| Visa | Visa Paymaster (Pilot) | Experimental deployment of contracts to allow auto-payments and ERC-20 gas fees. | Bridging TradFi and Web3. |
| Particle Network | Universal Accounts | “Chain abstraction” where one account works across all chains gaslessly using social login. | Developer-centric infrastructure. |
Security and Implementation Considerations Fpr Account Abstraction-Based Crypto Exchange Development
Account abstraction improves execution control, but it also shifts responsibility to smart account logic and platform infrastructure. The UX gains are meaningful only if risk boundaries are clearly defined and enforced during account abstraction-based cryptocurrency exchange development.
Below are the core security dimensions that cryptocurrency exchanges must address while implementing account abstraction:
1. Smart Account Contract Risk
Unlike EOAs, smart accounts are programmable contracts. That introduces:
-
- Contract-level vulnerabilities
- Logic flaws in validation rules
- Upgradeability risks
- Dependency risks from third-party libraries
If the account contract contains a flaw, the impact can span across all users using that implementation.
Mitigation Requirements:
-
- Independent smart contract audits
- Formal verification for validation logic
- Strict upgrade governance
- Minimal external dependency design
The wallet layer in crypto exchange software becomes protocol infrastructure. It must be treated accordingly.
2. Paymaster Abuse and Fee Sponsorship Risk
Gas sponsorship introduces a new attack surface that must be protected. Potential risks include:
-
- Spam UserOperations draining sponsored gas
- Transaction replay attempts
- Fee griefing attacks
- Exploitation of fee validation logic
If paymaster validation rules are weak, the cryptocurrency exchange software absorbs cost exposure.
Mitigation Requirements:
-
- Rate limiting per account
- Pre-execution validation checks
- Transaction simulation before sponsorship
- Spending caps per user or session
Fee abstraction should not mean unlimited liability. So, entrepreneurs must protect the paymaster and fee sponsorship contracts along with other vulnerabilities in crypto exchange software.
3. Session Key and Delegated Permission Controls
Session keys enable smoother trading but expand the authorization surface, exposing the cryptocurrency exchange to te following risks:
- Compromised session keys
- Overly broad permission scopes
- Infinite-duration trading access
- Delegated bot misuse
Without strict boundaries applied during account abstraction-based crypto exchange development, automation can bypass user safeguards.
Mitigation Requirements:
- Time-bound session keys
- Spending and frequency limits
- Explicit scope constraints
- Immediate revocation capability
Authorization must be granular, not binary.
4. Recovery Logic and Identity Boundaries
Flexible authentication improves UX, but recovery flows can introduce vulnerabilities if poorly designed. Primary risk areas include:
- Social recovery collusion
- Centralized override mechanisms
- Weak multi-signature thresholds
- Off-chain identity spoofing
If recovery mechanisms are easier to exploit than private keys, the security of crypto exchange software regresses.
Mitigation Requirements:
- Transparent recovery policy design
- On-chain enforcement of recovery thresholds
- No hidden administrative overrides
- Clear separation between the UX layer and the control layer
5. Operational and Infrastructure Dependencies
Account abstraction introduces additional components to crypto exchange development, including:
- Bundlers
- Paymasters
- Relayer infrastructure
- Transaction simulation systems
If these components fail or are centralized without redundancy, execution reliability degrades.
Mitigation Requirements:
- Redundant bundler architecture
- Failover infrastructure
- Clear monitoring and alerting systems
- On-chain transparency of execution rules
Execution control must not create invisible trust assumptions.
Where Account Abstraction Creates the Most UX Value for Crypto Exchange Software?
| Exchange Model | Execution Constraint Under EOAs | How Account Abstraction Changes It | UX & Business Impact |
|---|---|---|---|
| High-Frequency & Active Trading Platforms | Repeated confirmations slow execution.
Manual gas handling interrupts strategy flow. |
Policy-based execution replaces per-transaction confirmation.
Session keys enable bounded automation. |
Improved trading continuity, reduced friction, higher active trader retention. |
| Mobile-First & Consumer Exchanges | Multi-step wallet confirmations increase abandonment.
Gas management confuses new users. |
Gas abstraction and batched execution simplify flows into single actions. | Shorter onboarding, higher first-trade conversion, improved mobile usability. |
| Automation, Bots & API-Driven Strategies | Bots require repeated signatures or full private key exposure. | Delegated permissions enforce role-bound execution without exposing custody. | Safer automation, expanded advanced trading support, and reduced operational risk. |
| Social & Copy Trading Platforms | Approval delays and execution fragmentation create slippage during replication. | Bundled execution enables synchronized strategy settlement. | Fairer copy performance, reduced slippage, stronger platform credibility. |
Strategic Takeaway
Account abstraction shifts wallet behavior from static key validation to programmable execution logic. For crypto exchange development, this means:
- Control over transaction sequencing
- Control over fee abstraction
- Control over authorization boundaries
- Control over execution experience
Cryptocurrency exchanges are no longer fighting over liquidity depth or interface design but claiming the execution layer.
Exchanges that continue combating while they still rely on EOA mechanics inherit blockchain-level constraints, while those adopting account abstraction will design trading experiences around user intent.
Antier builds exchange infrastructures that integrate account abstraction at the protocol and execution layers, enabling gas abstraction, delegated trading logic, and policy-driven security within production-ready architectures.
Share your requirements with the best crypto exchange development company today!
Frequently Asked Questions
01. What is the main issue with traditional cryptocurrency wallets for high-frequency trading?
Traditional cryptocurrency wallets, which rely on externally owned accounts (EOAs), require users to manually manage seed phrases, approve tokens, and handle gas fees, creating a fragmented and cumbersome trading experience.
02. How does account abstraction improve the user experience in cryptocurrency trading?
Account abstraction simplifies the trading process by moving transaction logic and fee handling into programmable smart accounts, allowing exchanges to manage fees, batch actions, and enable flexible authentication, thus enhancing usability while maintaining self-custody.
03. What are the consequences of gas fee dependency in cryptocurrency exchanges?
Gas fee dependency increases onboarding friction and introduces failure points during trades, leading to potential errors, reduced user confidence, and lower conversion rates for first-time traders.
Crypto World
CFTC chief Selig to clear path for U.S. perpetual futures in coming weeks
WASHINGTON, D.C. — Crypto perpetual futures have largely developed offshore because of the U.S. reluctance to pursue industry regulations, said U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission Chairman Mike Selig, and his agency will soon provide guidance on how that business should be handled.
Such derivatives contracts, which don’t expire and are often associated with leverage, have been an area of high interest to the industry. U.S. exchange Kraken, for instance, recently announced a move into perpetual futures for tokenized stocks for non-U.S. users.
Selig’s agency is “working towards getting professional futures, true professional futures here in the U.S. within the next month or so,” he said at a Milken Institute event in Washington on Tuesday. “We expect to announce that very soon.”
“The prior administration drove a lot of these firms and the liquidity offshore,” he noted.
That was a theme of his remarks and those from his U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission counterpart, Chairman Paul Atkins. As they’ve often done lately to underline their shared mission on digital assets, which they call Project Crypto, the two appeared together on stage and highlighted their unified approach.
One of the things the two are pursuing are “innovation exceptions” to allow for crypto experimentation without fear of regulatory crackdown. Selig said they’ll also soon define how decentralized finance (DeFi) developers are approached after years of prosecution and regulatory uncertainty.
Selig, who can act on his own because he’s currently the only member on the CFTC’s five-member commission, also said prediction markets — an overlapping cousin of the crypto sector — will get “guidance in the very near future” from the regulator. “We’re going to be setting very clear standards.” And he said the agency is also working on a more fulsome rulemaking process to soon give that position more permanent footing than guidance, which is procedurally easy to eliminate and rewrite.
Oversight of the events-contracts firms, including such leaders as Polymarket and Kalshi, is under dispute, with state gambling regulators pressing their own authorities over the firm’s sports contracts. Selig stepped forward to combat that in courts, arguing the CFTC’s position as a lead regulator of such firms’ activities.
“They can exist in parallel,” he said Tuesday of the two regulatory regimes.
Atkins, though, delved into one of the drawbacks of the regulators’ current work: legal standing. Despite Atkins’ earlier confidence that the SEC can forge ahead without new laws directing its crypto work, he said on Tuesday, “We really do need statutory certainty.”
“We need the sense of Congress,” he said.
A U.S. Supreme Court decision two years ago removed a significant degree of authority that federal regulators enjoyed in court disputes over their actions, so agencies going it alone on policy guidance doesn’t carry the weight it once did. Agencies such as the SEC and CFTC can more easily be challenged, and their positions also easily reversed by future officials arriving at the commissions.
The U.S. Senate is still working on the Digital Asset Market Clarity Act that’s meant to establish a regulatory system for the U.S crypto markets. That legislative effort remains jammed up in negotiations involving the industry, bankers, lawmakers from both parties and the White House. Its chances for passage in 2026 grow more difficult with each day, as midterm elections approach and available Senate floor time dwindles.
Read More: The chief of the SEC is headlining an event sponsored by a crypto firm at war with it
Crypto World
Over 15,000 BTC sold and more coming as public miners pivot to AI
Bitcoin miners are increasingly moving away from holding bitcoin on their balance sheets by selling more BTC to fund new identities as players in artificial intelligence (AI) infrastructure.
What started as holding onto bitcoin at all costs, or HODLing, is becoming a thing of the past for most publicly listed miners as they move into the capital-intensive but more attractive business of AI infrastructure. With tougher competition, higher energy costs and compressed prices, the profit margin for mining bitcoin, which during the 2021 bull run reached as high as 90%, has vanished, leaving miners who relied solely on that business struggling. Given that miners already have data centers ready to host AI computing machines, most have shifted their business away from bitcoin to become “AI infrastructure” companies.
This momentum is gaining more traction as prices sit roughly at $66,000, down nearly 50% from October’s all-time high. Many of the top 10 public miners are selling or openly discussing sales to fund these AI expansions.
Here are some miners that are either moving away from the bitcoin business by selling more BTC or have completely shifted into AI:
IREN (IREN) has never taken an ideological stance on holding bitcoin, focusing instead on infrastructure scale and operational execution as it leans into high-performance computing. The company currently holds 0 BTC, underscoring its lack of a treasury-driven strategy.
TeraWulf (WULF) has maintained a pragmatic posture, avoiding a hardline treasury approach while preserving balance sheet flexibility for AI aligned growth. It holds 15 BTC, in line with its historical peak, reflecting minimal emphasis on accumulation.
Cipher Digital (CIFR), formerly Cipher Mining, has made its repositioning explicit, calling 2025 a transformative year as it pivots toward HPC infrastructure. The company divested its 49% stake in three mining joint ventures for roughly $40 million in stock. Cipher now holds 1,500 BTC, down from an all-time high of 2,284 BTC, highlighting a gradual reduction alongside its structural shift.
Riot Platforms (RIOT) has treated bitcoin as a funding tool rather than a passive reserve, selling all monthly production and liquidating balance sheet holdings, including nearly 1,100 BTC to finance the Rockdale acquisition. Riot sold $200 million worth of bitcoin in the final two months of 2025. It currently holds 18,005 BTC versus peak holdings of 19,368 coins.
Hut 8 (HUT) said bitcoin is no longer a long-term strategic focus in its fourth-quarter earnings call, with exposure set to decline over time in favour of its equity stake in American Bitcoin (ABTC), which holds 6,039 BTC. Hut 8’s own balance stands at 13,696 BTC, unchanged from its peak.
Core Scientific (CORZ) sold $175 million of bitcoin as its AI pivot accelerated. After holding 2,537 BTC at year’s end 2025, its balance has dropped to around 630 BTC, well below its 9,618 BTC high watermark.
MARA Holdings (MARA) has softened its strict HODL identity, selling newly mined bitcoin and signaling it may buy or sell opportunistically, with about 28% of holdings loaned or pledged. It still holds 53,822 BTC, matching its all-time high, despite the more flexible policy.
CleanSpark (CLSK) treats its more than 13,000 BTC as productive capital, monetizing output, layering covered calls, and exploring bitcoin-backed credit lines as non-dilutive financing. Its current 13,513 BTC balance is in line with its historical peak.
Bitdeer Technologies (BTDR) reduced holdings to zero to fund AI data center expansion. That marks a massive drop from its prior peak of 2,470 BTC.
Bitfarms (BITF) has been blunt about its repositioning, with CEO Ben Gagnon stating, “We are no longer a Bitcoin company.” The miner now holds 1,827 BTC, down from a peak of 3,301 BTC, as it doubles down on AI infrastructure.
Crypto World
U.S. Court Dismisses Years-Long Scam Token Lawsuit Against Uniswap Labs
A federal court in the United States has dismissed a class action lawsuit accusing Uniswap Labs of facilitating the trading of scam tokens on its decentralized protocol. The court dismissed the plaintiffs’ claims with prejudice after four years of trial.
According to a filing with the U.S. Court for the Southern District of New York, Judge Katherine Polk Failla dismissed the case for several reasons, including the plaintiffs’ failure to allege the defendants’ knowledge of the fraud. Among other reasons, the judge also ruled that the plaintiffs failed to allege that Uniswap Labs and its founder, Hayden Adams, aided, abetted, and substantially assisted the fraud.
Uniswap Wins Scam Token Class Suit
While filing the initial complaint and the first amended complaint (FAC) in April and September 2022, respectively, the plaintiffs alleged 14 claims against Uniswap, Adams, and other defendants. The complainants argued that the defendants were liable for scam tokens issued and traded on Uniswap.
The argument stemmed from the fact that the identities of the scam token issuers were unknown. They claimed that Uniswap served as a marketplace for the tokens in exchange for transaction fees. The plaintiffs also insisted that the defendants had, in effect, sold the tokens as unregistered broker-dealers by drafting smart contracts that enabled ownership of the protocol’s native asset, UNI.
By August 2023, the court dismissed the FAC for failure to state a claim under federal securities laws. Judge Failla insisted that the accusers’ attempts to hold defendants liable for the losses from the scams were unconvincing. Although the complainants appealed the dismissal, the Second Circuit court affirmed the judge’s decision in part in February 2025. The appeal resulted in the plaintiffs again being allowed to amend their complaint.
No Plausible Claims
In the second amended complaint (SAC) filed in May 2025, the accusers focused on state-law violations. By this time, the judge had dismissed all defendants except Uniswap and Adams. By July, the defendants had filed a motion to dismiss under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.
In dismissing the SAC, Judge Failla insisted that the plaintiffs still failed to allege plausible claims against Uniswap, despite three attempts.
“Even if Plaintiffs had adequately alleged Defendants’ actual knowledge, their claim would still fail because they have not alleged that Defendants provided substantial assistance to the issuers’ fraud,” the judge stated.
Meanwhile, Adams commented on the dismissal, calling it a “good, sensible outcome.”
The post U.S. Court Dismisses Years-Long Scam Token Lawsuit Against Uniswap Labs appeared first on CryptoPotato.
Crypto World
BTC rises to $68,000 as traditional markets tumble
Yesterday’s modest rally in stocks in response to a new Middle East war breaking out over the weekend — for the moment — appears to have been a headfake.
In mid-morning U.S. hours, the Nasdaq is at session lows, down 2.5%. The S&P 500 is lower by 2.3%. European markets are being hit even harder, led by a 5.2% plunge in Italy’s IBEX 35 and a 4.1% fall in Germany’s DAX.
Having run up to historic highs in the weeks leading up to the war, precious metals are tumbling as well. Gold is lower by 4.3%, silver by 7.5% and platinum by 11.3%. WTI crude oil continues to surge, up another 8% to $77 per barrel.
Having declined relentlessly for about the last five months, crypto markets are, however, showing a tiny bit of relative strength. Trading at $68,000, bitcoin is down 1% over the past 24 hours, but higher by more than 2% from its worst levels of the day.
Also down over the past day, but nicely higher from the session’s worst levels are ether (ETH), solana (SOL) and XRP (XRP).
There’s no such bounce yet in crypto-related stocks, which remain under heavy selling pressure on Tuesday.
Shares of trading platform Robinhood (HOOD) dropped 7%, while Coinbase (COIN) fell 5%. Strategy (MSTR) and crypto platform Bullish (BLSH) each declined 4%. Stablecoin issuer Circle (CRCL) held up better but still slipped about 1%.
“Historically, bitcoin, as the only liquid asset that also trades on weekends, has absorbed shocks during periods of forced risk reduction,” said James Butterfill, head of research at CoinShares. “This time, the price development was constructive, bitcoin gained despite the increasing instability … This divergence is significant. The absence of significant liquidations despite rising yields and geopolitical tensions suggests that positioning is adjusted compared to previous episodes.”
Crypto World
New York Fed’s Williams says tariff burden falls ‘overwhelmingly’ on the U.S.
John Williams, president and chief executive officer of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York, speaks during an Economic Club of New York (ECNY) event in New York, US, on Thursday, Sept. 4, 2025.
David Dee Delgado | Bloomberg | Getty Images
American consumers and businesses are taking most of the hit from President Donald Trump’s tariffs, New York Federal Reserve President John Williams said Tuesday in remarks that counter White House claims.
“The tariffs have overwhelmingly been borne domestically — a New York Fed analysis estimates that most of the burden has fallen on U.S. firms and consumers.,” Williams said in remarks for a conference in Washington, D.C. “In addition, the tariffs have already meaningfully increased U.S. prices of imported goods, and the full effects have likely not yet been felt.”
The study Williams cited has generated a fair amount of controversy over the past few weeks.
In a white paper published on the New York Fed’s website, a team of researchers found that as much as 90% of the added cost from tariffs has been passed on to domestic producers and consumers. Trump and other White House officials had insisted that exporters would absorb the costs rather than raise prices.
National Economic Council Director Kevin Hassett flamed the controversy during a CNBC appearance in which he suggested that the researchers should be “disciplined” for what he termed was “the worst paper I’ve ever seen in the history of the Federal Reserve system.” Hassett later stepped back the criticism.
Addressing the issue for the first time publicly, Williams said that not only were the tariffs being felt at home, but they also were keeping the Fed from reaching its 2% inflation goal.
“My current estimate is that, to date, the increase in tariffs has contributed around one half to three quarters of a percentage point to the current inflation rate of about 3 percent,” he said. “The FOMC defines price stability as 2 percent inflation over the longer run. Owing to the effects of tariffs, progress toward that goal has temporarily stalled.”
On the bright side, Williams said he still expects the tariff impact on inflation to be temporary, and he sees the Fed hitting its target by 2027. He added that the U.S. economy “appears to be on a good footing.”
As for current policy, he said it is “well positioned” for the Fed to hit its dual mandate goal of steady prices and full employment. Should inflation progress lower after the tariff impact fades, “further reductions in the federal funds rate will eventually be warranted to prevent monetary policy from inadvertently becoming more restrictive.”
Markets expect the Fed to resume cutting later this year, possibly in July or September, according to current futures pricing. As New York Fed president, Williams carries extra influence on the Federal Open Market Committee, where he is a permanent voting member.
Crypto World
ECB warns stablecoins threaten bank funding as Visa, Mastercard expand
New paper flags risk to bank funding just as payments giants ramp up tokenized settlement.
Summary
- The ECB warns euro-denominated stablecoins could drain bank deposits and blunt monetary policy, citing risks to lenders’ ability to fund the real economy.
- Visa is expanding stablecoin-linked cards to 100+ countries via Bridge after volume “more than quadrupled” last year; SoFi and Mastercard launched SoFiUSD for settlement across Mastercard’s global network.
- BTC trades near $67k–$68k, ETH near $2k, SOL mid-$80s — markets treat the ECB paper as a medium-term structural risk, not an immediate price shock.
The European Central Bank (ECB) has fired a shot across the bow of the stablecoin industry, warning that widespread use of private tokens could undermine its grip on monetary policy and squeeze traditional lenders’ funding bases. In a new research paper, the ECB argues that if euro‑denominated stablecoins gain serious traction inside the bloc, they could “weaken the effectiveness of monetary policy” by siphoning deposits out of commercial banks and into tokenized rails that sit at the edge of the regulated system. The authors caution that such a shift could “hamper lenders’ ability to support the real economy,” especially in stress scenarios where deposit flight accelerates.
The warning lands just as major payment firms move to normalize stablecoin settlement. SoFi and Mastercard recently unveiled a partnership that will allow SoFiUSD, a fully reserved dollar stablecoin, to be used for settlement across Mastercard’s global network, spanning SoFi Bank and its Galileo platform. Visa, meanwhile, is expanding its collaboration with Bridge, aiming to bring stablecoin‑linked cards to more than 100 countries, after seeing volume on Bridge “more than quadruple” last year. Industry advocates frame these moves as proof that stablecoins are evolving into mainstream payment infrastructure rather than just trading collateral, with crypto.news already tracking how tokenized cash is bleeding into everything from remittances to Web3 gaming payouts.
Regulators see a different risk profile. A recent breakdown of U.S. policy debates around stablecoin “rewards” versus deposit‑like “yield” shows how central banks and lawmakers worry that pseudo‑savings products could replicate money‑market‑fund fragility inside crypto wrappers. The ECB paper effectively extends that concern to Europe, signalling that any large‑scale euro stablecoin usage will likely face tight MiCA‑era constraints on reserves, disclosure and access to the central bank backstop.
Crypto market macro outlook
Markets are taking it in stride for now. Bitcoin (BTC) trades around $67,000–$68,000 over the last 24 hours, Ethereum (ETH) sits near $2,000, and Solana (SOL) hovers in the mid‑$80s, as traders treat the ECB note as a medium‑term structural story rather than an immediate shock. Where the paper does bite, however, is narrative: stablecoins are no longer a side‑quest in crypto, but a core fault line between central banks, banks, and the platforms now wiring tokens into everyday payments.
Crypto World
The momentum trades of 2026 are breaking with gold, silver and South Korea down big
TOPSHOT – A saleswoman adjusts gold jewellery for sale at a shop in Lianyungang, in China’s eastern Jiangsu province on December 24, 2025. (Photo by AFP via Getty Images) / China OUT
Str | Afp | Getty Images
This year’s hottest trades — gold, silver and South Korea — are down big amid fears the war in Iran could go on for longer than expected.
Here are the moves.
- Gold prices slide: Spot gold was last down more than 5% to $5,041.81 per ounce, with gold futures dropping 5% to $5,049. They’re still up more than 16% this year.
- Silver prices tumble: Futures tied to the commodity fell more than 8% to $81.23 per ounce. They remain higher by 15% year to date.
- South Korea down huge: The iShares MSCI South Korea ETF (EWY) plunged 14%, though it remains higher by nearly 30% year to date.
Each of these trades were huge momentum plays in 2026, catching a bid as investors nervous about their exposure to U.S. large-cap tech sought out asset classes that could better perform the market. After all, the S&P 500 shot up 64% on a cumulative basis over the last three years; it’s down 1% this year.
Gold, silver and South Korea each have their own appeal. Investors are optimistic that gold’s upward trajectory remains intact as central banks around the world diversify away from the U.S. dollar, with many confident bullion could soon top $6,000 an ounce. Silver is expected to benefit from tight supply-demand dynamics, and has big industrial use cases around AI.
EWY, 1-day
South Korea’s outperformance this year largely has to do with the worldwide demand for memory, which has especially lifted the shares of Samsung Electronics and SK Hynix that account for a huge part of the country’s Kospi index. The two memory powerhouses are up more than 50% and 44% year to date, respectively.
Yet all three trades unwound alongside the broader market Tuesday as the prospect of a deepening conflict in Iran revived inflation fears, as oil prices spiked higher. Brent crude oil, the international benchmark, topped $84 a barrel, while WTI crude jumped to above $77.
Even gold was caught up in the selling frenzy, odd for a safe haven asset usually turned to during times of crises. But investors appeared indiscriminate in dumping assets they fear may have gone too far, too fast.
Crypto World
Bitcoin Price Tests $70,000 Again as Data Lifts Market
Key Takeaways
- Bitcoin retests $70K but struggles to hold gains
- US PMI data sparks short-term crypto rebound
- ETF inflows support BTC amid global tensions
- On-chain data still signals bear market phase
- Analysts warn of potential bull trap scenario
Bitcoin retested $70,000 this week before pulling back to $68,306. The move followed stronger-than-expected US manufacturing data. However, on-chain indicators still point to a bear market backdrop.
BTC traded within a tight $64,000 to $70,000 range throughout the week. Spot Bitcoin ETF inflows and regulatory progress supported sentiment. Meanwhile, rising geopolitical tensions added uncertainty to global markets.
The US dollar index climbed to 98.72 amid inflation concerns. Escalating tensions between the United States and Iran pressured risk assets. As a result, traders assessed whether the rebound marks a bottom or a temporary rally.
Bitcoin Holds Range as Macro Data Drives Momentum
Bitcoin currently trades at $68,306 after briefly touching $70,000. The rally followed the latest US ISM Manufacturing PMI release. The index came in at 52.4 for February 2026, beating expectations of 51.8.
Although the reading slipped from January’s 52.6, it signaled continued expansion. New orders increased at a slower pace due to tariffs and elevated costs. Nevertheless, markets reacted positively to the stronger data.
Crypto-related stocks advanced sharply during the session. Strategy, Marathon Digital, Coinbase, and Robinhood gained between 5% and 7%. Circle jumped 15%, while Bitmine rose 7.48% to close at $20.40.
ETF inflows also strengthened short-term sentiment. Rising institutional participation supported spot demand for Bitcoin. However, derivatives data showed that futures activity remained subdued.
Trading volume stayed elevated as market participants awaited new economic reports. The ISM Services PMI and Nonfarm Payrolls data could influence rate expectations. Consequently, Bitcoin remains sensitive to macroeconomic signals.
Ethereum Follows Bitcoin Higher Amid Sector Rebound
Ethereum traded at $1,952, posting moderate gains during the broader rally. The asset moved in line with Bitcoin after the PMI data release. Improved risk appetite lifted large-cap digital assets across the board.
Ethereum benefited from stronger spot market activity. Additionally, ETF-related flows supported sentiment around major cryptocurrencies. Yet, derivatives positioning reflected restrained leverage in the market.
On-chain activity showed signs of stabilization. Network usage and transaction metrics improved compared to prior weeks. Even so, broader cycle indicators still suggested structural weakness.
CryptoQuant’s Bull-Bear Market Cycle Indicator remained below zero. The reading also stayed under its 365-day moving average. This configuration historically aligns with bear market conditions.
Market analysts compared current conditions to early 2022. During that period, Bitcoin rallied sharply after geopolitical shocks. However, prices later resumed their broader correction.
Bitcoin’s retest of $70,000 reignited optimism across the sector. Yet, on-chain indicators and macro risks temper expectations. For now, the crypto market remains in a correction within a fragile environment.
Market pumped yesterday and majority of traders started calling 72k and 80k for $BTC
While OI (Open Interest) was expanding aggressively there was heavy absorption at the highs $BTC swept pwH liquidity…expecting a sweep of this level again for round 2 short
Also, we had large… pic.twitter.com/aDtaeZzI6h— Simbaland (@PipsAlpha) March 3, 2026
Tomi’s Daily BTC Thread:
$BTC consolidating ~$68.5k–$69k after yesterday’s +5–6% bounce from $65k lows. Hit $70k+ resistance but rejected hard – shorts squeezed, but macro caution lingers. Breakout or more chop? Dive in 🧵👇 pic.twitter.com/83fJbWkNhz— Tomi Point (@tomipoint) March 3, 2026
Crypto World
Bitcoin ETFs snap back with $458m day as institutional demand returns
After four weeks of redemptions, U.S. spot Bitcoin ETF products snap back with a $458m daily surge and renewed institutional demand.
Summary
- U.S. spot BTC ETFs pulled in $787.3m in weekly net inflows for the week ending Feb. 27, ending a four-week outflow streak that had drained ~$2.48b from the complex.
- Mar. 2 marked the first positive day of the month with $458.2m in inflows — BlackRock’s IBIT led at $263.2m, followed by Fidelity’s FBTC at $94.8m and Bitwise’s BITB at $36.4m.
- BTC trades near $67,000–$68,000 as ETF-driven accumulation resumes; U.S. funds now hold ~1.5m BTC, roughly 7% of maximum supply, reinforcing a structural institutional bid.
U.S. spot Bitcoin ETFs are quietly back in accumulation mode, and the tape looks more like the start of a second leg than a dead‑cat bounce. Weekly data shows Bitcoin ETF products pulling in about $787.3m in net inflows in the seven days to Feb. 27, ending a four‑week outflow streak that had drained roughly $2.48b from the complex. A single three‑day burst added around $1.02b, including a $506.5m peak day, as issuers such as BlackRock and Fidelity saw flows reverse sharply after a bruising February. For a deeper breakdown of that shift, crypto.news highlighted how “weekly Bitcoin ETFs flow remain positive with BTC back above $66K,” framing it as the first decisive sign that redemptions have been absorbed.
That turn set the stage for March’s opening jolt of demand. Fresh figures show about $458.2m in net inflows into U.S. Bitcoin ETFs on Mar. 2, marking the first positive day of the month and immediately easing fears of another protracted bleed. BlackRock’s IBIT vehicle captured roughly $263.2m, more than half of the total, while Fidelity’s FBTC drew about $94.8m and Bitwise’s BITB added around $36.4m. As one flow recap put it, “March kicked off on a positive note as investors collectively put $458.2 million into the different Bitcoin ETF products,” a sharp contrast with the $27.5m in redemptions that had closed February.
Institutional confidence returns as ETF breadth widens
For analysts, this looks less like noise and more like confirmation of a structural bid from wealth platforms and pensions. A recent crypto.news analysis noted that “Bitcoin ETFs recorded $787.31 million in net inflows for the week… ending four red weeks,” adding that it was “the first positive week since late January” and a sign that sidelined capital steps back in quickly when macro fears fade. A separate research piece on ETF adoption argued that spot products have become a “cornerstone of institutional investment strategies,” estimating that U.S. funds held around 1.5m BTC, or roughly 7% of maximum supply, by late 2025.ainvest+1
Price is starting to reflect that flow regime. Bitcoin (BTC) trades around $67,000–$68,000, up roughly 1–2% over the last 24 hours, after ranging between about $63,000 and $67,000 during the latest ETF‑driven reversal. Ethereum (ETH) is changing hands near $2,000, with 24‑hour volumes in the low tens of billions as it lags Bitcoin’s ETF story but remains tightly correlated to broader risk sentiment. Solana (SOL) sits in the mid‑$80s, little changed on the day, yet increasingly tethered to the same flows as traders position for potential multi‑asset products.
Crypto World
Bitcoin, Ethereum, XRP Rally as ETF Inflows Hit $458M Amid Strait of Hormuz Crisis
Key Takeaways
- Bitcoin jumps 3.5% as ETF inflows reach $458M
- Ethereum climbs near $1,966 amid market rebound
- XRP trades at $1.36 despite regional tensions
- Crypto cap hits $2.33T during oil route crisis
- ETF demand boosts BTC, ETH, and XRP prices
Crypto markets rebounded sharply as geopolitical tensions escalated in the Middle East. Bitcoin, Ethereum, and XRP posted solid gains despite disruptions in global oil routes. The total crypto market cap rose to $2.33 trillion, signaling renewed market strength.
Bitcoin Extends Gains as ETF Inflows Strengthen Demand
Bitcoin trades at $68,106 after gaining 3.5% in the past 24 hours. The asset has climbed nearly 8% this week despite a 13% monthly decline. This recovery aligns with strong institutional flows into spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds.
Farside Investors data shows that Bitcoin ETFs recorded $458 million in inflows on March 2, 2026. These inflows supported price stability during heightened global uncertainty. Institutional demand absorbed selling pressure and strengthened market structure.
Bitcoin ETFs inflows helped stabilise prices amid a backdrop of global uncertainty. The ETF market’s ongoing interest underscored strong demand from institutional investors.
$BTC is back at the $67,000 level.
Middle East situation is still escalating, which is bad for risk-on assets.
As long as Bitcoin holds the $66,000 zone, there’s a good chance of a pump towards the $72,000-$74,000 zone. pic.twitter.com/qTnMGNGXaT
— Ted (@TedPillows) March 3, 2026
Ethereum Rises as Market Cap Expands
Ethereum trades at $1,966 after posting a 9.8% weekly increase. The token gained momentum even though it remains down 17% over the past month. The broader market rebound contributed to Ethereum’s short-term recovery.
The crypto market cap increased by 2.01% within 24 hours. This growth reflects renewed participation across major digital assets. Ethereum benefited from improved sentiment and steady capital rotation into large-cap tokens.
At the same time, regulatory developments supported the market outlook. Speculation around the potential passage of the CLARITY Act added momentum. Policy clarity expectations helped offset geopolitical pressure from the US-Iran conflict.
XRP Advances Despite Ongoing Regional Conflict
XRP trades at $1.36 after gaining 1.15% in the past day. The token also recorded a 2.4% increase over the week. However, XRP remains down roughly 17% over the past month.
The rebound occurred even as global trade faced disruption risks. Iran’s reported control over the Strait of Hormuz raised fears of oil price spikes. Energy supply concerns intensified after officials warned of blocking exports.
Despite these developments, XRP followed the broader market trend. Strong Bitcoin ETF inflows created a spillover effect across major cryptocurrencies. Consequently, XRP sustained moderate gains during the market-wide recovery.
Geopolitical tensions escalated after Iran reportedly tightened control over the Strait of Hormuz. The waterway connects the Persian Gulf to global shipping lanes. It carries nearly one-fifth of global crude oil and liquefied natural gas shipments.
Energy markets reacted to the potential disruption of supply routes. Oil price forecasts pointed toward possible spikes if restrictions continued. However, crypto assets diverged from traditional risk patterns during the same period.
Market participants shifted capital back into digital assets as ETF inflows accelerated. Institutional allocation supported liquidity and improved short-term stability. As a result, major cryptocurrencies regained ground despite external shocks.
The recent price action highlights the growing maturity of the crypto market. Large-cap assets demonstrated resilience during macroeconomic stress. Institutional flows and regulatory expectations reinforced upward pressure across leading tokens.
Overall, Bitcoin, Ethereum, and XRP delivered coordinated gains during a volatile global backdrop. ETF demand, expanding market capitalization, and policy optimism drove the recovery. The market maintained strength even as geopolitical tensions remained unresolved.
Analysts say the ETF-driven liquidity could sustain momentum.
-
Politics5 days agoITV enters Gaza with IDF amid ongoing genocide
-
Fashion4 days agoWeekend Open Thread: Iris Top
-
Tech3 days agoUnihertz’s Titan 2 Elite Arrives Just as Physical Keyboards Refuse to Fade Away
-
Politics8 hours agoAlan Cumming Brands Baftas Ceremony A ‘Triggering S**tshow’
-
Business7 days agoTrue Citrus debuts functional drink mix collection
-
NewsBeat6 days agoCuba says its forces have killed four on US-registered speedboat | World News
-
Sports3 days ago
The Vikings Need a Duck
-
NewsBeat3 days agoDubai flights cancelled as Brit told airspace closed ’10 minutes after boarding’
-
Tech7 days agoUnsurprisingly, Apple's board gets what it wants in 2026 shareholder meeting
-
NewsBeat6 days agoManchester Central Mosque issues statement as it imposes new measures ‘with immediate effect’ after armed men enter
-
NewsBeat3 days agoThe empty pub on busy Cambridge road that has been boarded up for years
-
NewsBeat2 days ago‘Significant’ damage to boarded-up Horden house after fire
-
NewsBeat3 days agoAbusive parents will now be treated like sex offenders and placed on a ‘child cruelty register’ | News UK
-
NewsBeat7 days agoPolice latest as search for missing woman enters day nine
-
Entertainment1 day agoBaby Gear Guide: Strollers, Car Seats
-
Business6 days agoDiscord Pushes Implementation of Global Age Checks to Second Half of 2026
-
Business5 days agoOnly 4% of women globally reside in countries that offer almost complete legal equality
-
Tech4 days agoNASA Reveals Identity of Astronaut Who Suffered Medical Incident Aboard ISS
-
Politics3 days ago
FIFA hypocrisy after Israel murder over 400 Palestinian footballers
-
Crypto World7 days agoEntering new markets without increasing payment costs
