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Oil Surges Past $100 as Iran Blockades Hormuz Strait, US Softens Russia Sanctions

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Brent Crude Oil Last Day Financ (BZ=F)

TLDR

  • Oil prices have surged past $100 per barrel for Brent crude following Iran’s commitment to maintain its blockade of the Strait of Hormuz.
  • In response to what the IEA labels as the most severe supply disruption ever recorded, member nations agreed to deploy 400 million barrels from strategic reserves.
  • A temporary exemption from the US Treasury permits certain nations to purchase Russian oil through April 11.
  • Intelligence reports indicate Iran has started deploying mines throughout the strait, significantly increasing risks for maritime traffic.
  • Plans for US Naval convoy operations through the strait could begin late March, though analysts remain skeptical about their effectiveness in resolving the situation.

Global energy markets experienced severe turbulence this week as Brent crude oil climbed beyond the $100 per barrel threshold, driven by Iran’s promise to maintain its blockade of the Strait of Hormuz.

Brent Crude Oil Last Day Financ (BZ=F)
Brent Crude Oil Last Day Financ (BZ=F)

The dramatic price increase comes amid extraordinary market volatility not witnessed in recent years. West Texas Intermediate approached $97, with both major benchmarks experiencing wild price fluctuations reminiscent of pandemic-era chaos.

In his inaugural public remarks following his father’s succession, Iran’s new supreme leader Mojtaba Khamenei declared his government’s determination to maintain the shipping blockade.

The Strait of Hormuz represents a critical chokepoint situated between Iran and Oman. Approximately 20% of global petroleum supplies transit this narrow passage. Maritime traffic has nearly ceased since hostilities between the US-Israel alliance and Iran commenced on February 28.

The International Energy Agency characterized this as an unprecedented supply crisis in petroleum market history. Member states committed to deploying a historic 400 million barrels from strategic petroleum reserves.

According to New York Times reporting citing American intelligence sources, Iran has initiated mine-laying operations within the strait. This development dramatically escalates hazards for commercial vessels attempting passage.

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Energy Secretary Chris Wright indicated that Naval escort operations for commercial tankers could commence before March concludes. However, earlier White House communications suggesting successful escort missions had already occurred were subsequently retracted.

US Eases Russia Oil Sanctions

Seeking to alleviate market pressures, the Treasury Department authorized a limited exemption permitting select countries to accept Russian petroleum shipments that departed before March 12. This temporary measure expires April 11.

Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent characterized the decision as necessary for global energy market stability. Russian officials estimated approximately 100 million barrels of their oil currently remains in maritime transit.

British authorities announced they would not mirror the American sanctions relaxation. UK Energy Minister Michael Shanks warned such measures could provide Moscow with resources to sustain its military operations.

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French President Emmanuel Macron expressed opposition, arguing the Hormuz crisis doesn’t warrant Russian sanctions relief. Ukrainian President Zelensky characterized the American decision as a “serious blow” to Ukraine’s position.

Markets and Prices

Stock markets declined throughout the week as petroleum prices climbed. Volatility has been amplified by derivatives trading and exchange-traded fund positioning.

WTI crude fluctuated across approximately $43 this week, marking the widest trading band since prices briefly turned negative during pandemic lockdowns. Brent experienced roughly $38 in range variation.

Asian economies, particularly dependent on Persian Gulf petroleum, implemented emergency measures. Japan, South Korea, and Thailand announced fuel price controls. The Philippines, importing roughly 95% of its crude from Middle Eastern sources, mandated four-day work weeks for government employees to reduce consumption.

Market analysts predict a trading range between $85 and $105 while the confrontation continues. While the IEA reserve deployment may provide temporary relief, experts caution it won’t independently stabilize markets.

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President Trump stated via social media that preventing Iranian nuclear weapons development remained his priority over oil price considerations.

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Crypto World

JPMorgan Flags Sharp Divergence Between Bitcoin and Gold ETF Flows Since Iran War

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The correlation between Bitcoin (BTC) and gold has snapped under the pressure of the Iran conflict, according to a note to investors by JPMorgan.

While geopolitical instability usually drives a unified bid for safe havens, the two assets are currently moving in opposite directions.

This decoupling reveals a significant shift in how capital is treating “digital gold” versus the real thing.

Instead of moving in tandem as crisis hedges, investors are aggressively rotating capital, creating a clear winner in the ETF market since late February.

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What the JPMorgan ETF Flow Data Actually Shows About Bitcoin

Since the conflict escalated on Feb. 27, JPMorgan analysts report a stark divergence in capital flows. The largest gold ETF, SPDR Gold Shares (GLD), has bled outflows totaling roughly 2.7% of its assets under management.

In contrast, BlackRock’s iShares Bitcoin Trust (IBIT) absorbed inflows equaling roughly 1.5% of its assets during the same window.

JPMorgan analysts, led by Managing Director Nikolaos Panigirtzoglou, highlighted in their recent note to investors that this reverses the trend seen earlier in the year when gold funds held the advantage.

The data is unambiguous. While gold has traditionally been the default safety trade during Middle East tensions, capital is currently voting for Bitcoin exposure.

Institutional positioning generally reflects a shift away from bullion in favor of the spot Bitcoin ETFs, despite the higher volatility inherent in crypto assets.

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Interestingly, IBIT inflows since the start of 2024 are now roughly double the total accumulation seen by GLD, further cementing the shift in dominance among exchange-traded products.

Is Bitcoin Replacing Gold as the Crisis Hedge?

The divergence goes deeper than headline flows. JPMorgan notes that while spot Bitcoin ETFs are seeing inflows, institutional derivatives markets paint a more cautious picture. Hedge funds appear to be reducing direct Bitcoin exposure even as ETF buyers step up.

Short interest in IBIT has actually increased since the conflict began, while GLD short interest declined. This narrows the gap between the two, suggesting that hedge funds are hedging their crypto bets while favoring gold for pure defensive positioning.

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This creates a complex market structure. Retail and registered investment advisors (RIAs) are likely driving the ETF bid, treating Bitcoin as a risk-off asset alongside the dollar. Meanwhile, sophisticated desks are hedging downside risk as oil surges past $100, a macro factor that typically pressures risk assets.

Options activity supports this cautious institutional stance. The demand for downside protection in Bitcoin has risen, contrasting with the relentless buying pressure in the spot ETF market. However, the sheer magnitude of the rotation, selling gold to buy Bitcoin, suggests the “digital gold” narrative is holding up under fire better than skeptics anticipated.

Bitcoin Price Prediction: Can BTC Hold the $70,000 Level?

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Price action remains resilient despite the mixed signals from derivatives markets. Even with war-driven inflation fears dominating the headlines, Bitcoin is trading above $70,000, showing strength where legacy assets have faltered.

JPMorgan Flags Sharp Divergence Between Bitcoin and Gold ETF Flows Since Iran War
Source: TradingView

Bull Scenario: If ETF inflows persist at this 1.5% pace, Bitcoin targets the $80,000 resistance band. Clearing that level opens the path to retest all-time highs. JPMorgan’s own valuation models have previously flagged Bitcoin as undervalued relative to gold regarding volatility-adjusted capital, suggesting room for an upside squeeze.

Bear Scenario: Should macro liquidity tighten further, support sits firm at $64,000. A break below this level would validate the rising short interest and likely force a flush of the recent leverage. Traders must watch the $70,000 midpoint closely; losing it would signal that the safe-haven bid has exhausted itself.

The next major catalyst isn’t just on the chart; it’s at the Federal Reserve. If oil prices stay high, inflationary pressure could force central banks to keep rates elevated longer, testing the resilience of both gold and Bitcoin.

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Hong Kong to Approve First Stablecoin Licenses for Banks

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Hong Kong to Approve First Stablecoin Licenses for Banks

HSBC Holdings and a joint venture led by Standard Chartered are reportedly set to become the first authorized stablecoin issuers in Hong Kong.

The Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) is expected to issue stablecoin licenses to HSBC and Standard Chartered, the South China Morning Post reported Thursday, citing people familiar with the matter. HSBC and Standard Chartered are set to be in the first batch as authorities reportedly prioritize institutions already authorized to issue banknotes in the city.

The Hong Kong government, through the HKMA, authorizes banknote issuance to three commercial banks, including local branches of HSBC, Standard Chartered and the Bank of China.

The Hong Kong Monetary Authority has not confirmed the names of any successful applicants. Standard Chartered declined to comment, and HSBC did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

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The approvals would mark a major step toward Hong Kong’s ambition to become a global digital asset hub despite neighboring mainland China reportedly making it harder to launch stablecoins in the region.

HKMA targets the first stablecoin licenses in March

According to the SCMP, the number of licenses and timetable had yet to be finalized and remained subject to change, but the sources indicated a possible date on March 24.

Though unconfirmed, potential stablecoin issuer licenses for HSBC and Standard Chartered would align with earlier reports that the HKMA planned to grant the first licenses in March 2026.

Hong Kong has not yet approved any stablecoin issuer. Source: HKMA

HKMA Chief Executive Eddie Yue said in February that the regulator expects the first batch of stablecoin issuer licenses to include a “very small number” of issuers.

The Hong Kong government enforced the Stablecoin Ordinance, a statutory framework for regulating stablecoins, in August 2025, making it illegal to offer or promote unlicensed fiat-referenced stablecoins to retail investors.

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Related: China’s Alibaba joins stablecoin platform MetaComp’s $35M fundraise

In September, the HKMA said it received applications from 36 institutions for a license to issue stablecoins. HSBC and Standard Chartered were among the institutions that were reported to be planning to apply, alongside the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China.

Magazine: China’s ‘50x’ blockchain boost, Alibaba-linked AI mines Bitcoin: Asia Express