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Regional Banks Declare War on Stablecoins With ZKsync-Based Cari Network

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Regional Banks Declare War on Stablecoins With ZKsync-Based Cari Network

Five major U.S. regional banks just launched a direct assault on the private stablecoin market. The consortium unveiled the Cari Network today, a blockchain-based payment rail built on ZKsync that enables instant settlement of tokenized deposits without funds leaving the insured banking perimeter. This marks the most significant attempt yet by traditional finance to reclaim the settlement layer from dominant non-bank issuers like Tether and Circle.

Key Takeaways:
  • The Cari Network leverages ZKsync’s “Prividium” technology to offer private, compliant execution for institutional crypto transactions.
  • Unlike USDT or USDC, Cari tokens remain liabilities of the issuing bank, maintaining FDIC insurance eligibility and simplifying compliance with stablecoin regulations.
  • Participating lenders, including Huntington and KeyCorp, are targeting a Q3 2026 rollout to prevent deposit flight to faster crypto-native alternatives.

The Regional Bank’s ZKsync Move Explained

The Cari Network is not a standard partnership. It is a fundamental re-architecture of how regional banks handle settlements. The consortium includes Huntington Bancshares, First Horizon, M&T Bank, KeyCorp, and Old National Bancorp. These institutions are building on “Prividium,” a private, permissioned blockchain developed by Matter Labs, the team behind the ZKsync Layer-2 network.

Alex Gluchowski, CEO of Matter Labs, clearly framed the shift. “Financial infrastructure is undergoing the same shift computing went through decades ago, from siloed databases to shared, programmable infrastructure,” he stated in the announcement.

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The technical distinction here is critical for traders to understand. Stablecoins are bearer assets usually backed by treasuries in a custodial account. Tokenized deposits on the Cari Network are digital representations of cash that sit directly on the bank’s balance sheet. They move instantly via ZK proofs, but they remain insured and regulated. This allows banks to offer crypto-speed settlement without the regulatory friction of managing a separate stablecoin reserve.

Why Banks Are Moving Now, Not Later

Banks are reacting to an existential threat: the loss of the settlement layer. For years, crypto-native firms have offered 24/7 liquidity, while banks remained bound by banking hours and slow wire transfers. The launch of Cari indicates that traditional finance is no longer willing to cede this ground.

We are seeing a broader trend of incumbents aggressively entering the space. BlackRock just dropped nearly $600 million into Bitcoin, signaling that institutional crypto adoption has moved from exploration to accumulation. Regional banks, however, are focused less on price exposure and more on infrastructure survival.

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Regulatory timing is also a major factor. The window to establish compliance with the standard is closing. Industry executives have warned that the CLARITY Act faces slim odds in 2026 without immediate movement in the committee, leaving banks in a precarious position. By launching a network that leverages existing deposit insurance frameworks, the Cari consortium aims to bypass legislative gridlock and deploy a solution that operates within current laws.

The $8Tn Stablecoin Threat

The target of this operation is the $8 trillion payment market currently being encroached upon by Tether (USDT) and Circle (USDC). Non-bank stablecoins have effectively become the world’s digital dollar, processing volume that rivals major card networks. If regional banks lose the ability to settle payments instantly, they risk becoming mere warehouses for liquidity rather than active payment processors.

This competition is heating up across all chains. Solana is eyeing key resistance levels largely driven by institutional ETF demand and its dominance in high-speed stablecoin transfers. The Cari Network is the banking sector’s answer to this speed. Stablecoin regulation has been slow to materialize, so banks are building a “walled garden” alternative that offers the speed of Solana or Ethereum with the safety of a chartered bank.

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Cari CEO Gene Ludwig emphasized that banks “should be leading the next phase of digital money, not reacting to it.” The 2026 rollout will test whether institutional clients prefer the permissionless utility of USDT or the regulatory safety of a bank-issued token.

Will the Cari Network Actually Work?

Bull Scenario: The Cari Network successfully aggregates liquidity across mid-sized banks. Corporate clients migrate aggressively to tokenized deposits to reduce counterparty risk, stripping volume away from USDC and USDT. ZKsync establishes itself as the primary backbone for regulated US finance.

Bear Scenario: The private network becomes a silo with poor interoperability. Crypto-native users and global traders continue to prefer the permissionless nature of public stablecoins. The banks build a high-speed intranet that fails to connect with the broader liquidity of the global market.

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Right now, the success of this project depends on whether stablecoin regulation validates the non-bank model or forces issuers to become full-reserve banks, effectively leveling the playing field for Cari.

The post Regional Banks Declare War on Stablecoins With ZKsync-Based Cari Network appeared first on Cryptonews.

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Why is crypto market crashing today? (March 19)

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Why is crypto market crashing today? (March 19)

The global crypto market fell sharply on Thursday as new geopolitical and macroeconomic concerns threw cold water on investor appetite for risk assets.

Summary

  • Crypto markets dropped sharply as escalating Middle East tensions and hotter U.S. PPI data weakened investor appetite, pushing Bitcoin down nearly 5% to around $70,600.
  • Global markets declined alongside crypto, with stocks and precious metals falling while oil surged to record highs amid disruptions at key energy supply routes.
  • Over $480 million in long positions were liquidated across crypto markets, amplifying downside pressure as rate cut expectations diminished following Powell’s remarks.

Bitcoin (BTC), the bellwether asset, dropped nearly 5% to $70,600 on Thursday, down from the $74,000 levels seen the previous day. Ethereum (ETH) fell 6% to $2,187, while XRP (XRP), BNB (BNB), Solana (SOL), and Dogecoin (DOGE) experienced losses ranging between 3% and 6%. 

Zcash (ZEC), Worldcoin (WLD), and LayerZero (ZRO) bore some of the steepest losses amid the market-wide drop that brought the total crypto market capitalization down to $2.51 trillion.

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Crypto prices fell sharply shortly after Israel launched an unprecedented cyber and drone attack on Iran’s largest gas facility, South Pars. According to reports, the massive complex powers nearly 70% of the nation’s domestic gas supply, the loss of which has threatened the country’s power grid.

The strike comes amid an escalating energy war between the U.S., Israel, and Iran, which has led to a blockade at the Strait of Hormuz, a key waterway for global oil transit, and sent crude oil and gas prices soaring to record highs. Iran had earlier vowed to push oil prices to as high as $200.

The latest attack has not only shaken the crypto market but has rippled across traditional finance as well. Notably, Gold has dropped 2.1% over the day, casting investors’ doubts over its safe haven status, while Silver fell 3.5%. Together, these precious metals erased nearly $150 billion from the market.

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Traditional stock indices across the globe have also fallen in tandem with risk assets. Notably, Asian benchmarks like Japan’s Nikkei 225 and the Hang Seng have fallen over 2%. Even U.S. indices like the Dow Jones Industrial Average, Nasdaq 100, S&P 500, and Russell 2000 Index have all sharply fallen across the board.

However, oil prices took a different path, rising to new levels. Notably, Brent Crude has jumped 3% to a new record high of $112 on Thursday as traders price in a prolonged disruption in a region that remains a major source of global energy production.

Typically, when gold and cryptocurrency prices crash together, it means traders are fleeing to cash rather than rotating between alternative assets.

Hotter U.S. PPI data and Fed announcement deliver a double blow to bulls

Fears of sticky inflation also played a major role in the crypto market drop today. On Wednesday, the U.S. revealed that the PPI data came in much hotter than expected, with a record monthly gain in a year for wholesale costs. This came as the market was already cautious ahead of the Federal Reserve rate decision that was scheduled for later in the day.

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In his speech, Fed Chair Jerome Powell echoed concerns surrounding elevated inflation levels. Powell clarified that the Federal Reserve is prepared to hold interest rates steady as it sticks to a data-driven strategy to combat rising inflation stemming from the oil shock. As such, market hopes for rate cuts this year have fallen slim.

The resulting crash from potential delays in rate cuts and the surging oil price as a result of Middle East tensions together triggered a liquidation cascade across leveraged crypto markets. 

Data from CoinGlass shows that over $481 million in long positions were liquidated in the past 24 hours, with Bitcoin and Ethereum accounting for the majority of it, with $143 million and $127 million in long liquidations, respectively.

Long liquidations occur when investors bet on a price increase, and the asset price drops enough to hit their margin limits, forcing the exchange to automatically close their trades.

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Disclosure: This article does not represent investment advice. The content and materials featured on this page are for educational purposes only.

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China Gold Reserves Hit Record 2,309 Tonnes as PBOC Marks 16 Straight Months of Buying

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TLDR:

  • The PBOC added 30,000 ounces in February, pushing official gold reserves to a record 2,309 tonnes worth $387.6 billion.
  • Analysts estimate China’s true gold holdings could be two to ten times its official figure due to undeclared accumulation channels.
  • The Shanghai Gold Exchange processed 126 tonnes in physical withdrawals in January, with settled gold permanently leaving auditable systems.
  • Gold now represents 10% of China’s foreign exchange reserves, a share that has doubled over the past twenty months amid global tension.

China gold reserves have reached a record 2,309 tonnes, valued at approximately $387.6 billion. The People’s Bank of China added 30,000 ounces in February, marking its 16th consecutive month of gold accumulation. 

Analysts at Societe Generale, Goldman Sachs, and the World Gold Council estimate that undeclared holdings could be two to ten times the official figure. 

Gold now makes up roughly 10 percent of China’s foreign exchange reserves, a share that has doubled in twenty months.

Multi-Channel System Keeps Chinese Gold Flows Out of Sight

The Shanghai Gold Exchange operates under mandatory physical settlement rules. Buyers receive bullion from one of 58 certified vaults spread across 56 Chinese cities. 

Once gold exits a certified vault, it cannot re-enter the system. That rule renders the metal permanently invisible to outside auditors and flow-tracking mechanisms.

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The SGE processed 126 tonnes of physical withdrawals in January alone. Hong Kong acts as the primary import gateway for routing bullion to the mainland. 

London, Switzerland, and Dubai supply 400-ounce bars through over-the-counter channels that never surface in exchange records. 

Russia settles bilateral gold deals in yuan, placing those flows outside both PBOC reserves and published trade statistics.

Analyst @shanaka86 described the operation plainly in a post this week. “This is not a central bank buying gold,” the post read. “This is a state operating a multi-channel physical accumulation system designed from the ground up for opacity.” 

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The comment pointed to how far beyond conventional reserve management this activity extends.

These channels work together to keep the true total hidden from outside observers. China is also drawing commercial crude reserves at one million barrels per day and has suspended nitrogen and potassium fertiliser exports. 

Each action appears aimed at building domestic supply buffers while reducing competitor access to key resources.

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Gold’s Physical Market Diverges From Paper Pricing as Global Pressure Mounts

Gold is trading at $5,000 per ounce, with retail investors putting $70 billion into ETFs while institutions sell. 

That split between physical demand and paper market behavior mirrors the pricing gap between Oman crude and WTI. 

Both the retail buyer and the Chinese central bank appear to be reading the same underlying signals.

The Hormuz crisis has added fresh pressure across oil, fertiliser, and LNG supply chains. Physical chokepoints are repricing commodities at a pace that monetary policy cannot match. Gold, unlike oil or LNG, requires no strait, pipeline, or political approval to store value.

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At its current pace, China could become the world’s largest sovereign gold holder within a decade. The PBOC’s official figure stands at 2,309 tonnes, while the undeclared total remains unknown. 

The dollar still holds its position as the world’s reserve currency. Yet China is building a financial buffer that no sanctions regime can freeze.

That buffer has now been growing for sixteen consecutive months. Nitrogen is stuck behind Hormuz, and LNG faces disruption from burning refineries. Gold, meanwhile, continues flowing through every available channel into Chinese vaults.

The post China Gold Reserves Hit Record 2,309 Tonnes as PBOC Marks 16 Straight Months of Buying appeared first on Blockonomi.

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The Abundance That AI May Promise Is Not Free

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The Abundance That AI May Promise Is Not Free

Opinion by: Merav Ozair, PhD, blockchain and AI senior advisor.

Elon Musk and Peter Diamandis support the idea that “everything will be free.” They purport to believe that AI abundance will end poverty and provide a universal high income.

Others in the mega tech ecosystem mention the coming abundance. Demis Hassabis, for example, says AI could spark a “renaissance” of “radical abundance.”

Politicians at the World Economic Forum 2026 in Davos liked Musk’s vision. They were thrilled that their economic problems would soon be “set free.” This story is quite appealing. Who doesn’t like to get things for free? 

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What does it truly mean? Would all economic activities have no cost? Would all corporations become altruistic and seek no profit?

Let us unpack the narrative.

The cost of production can be cheap, but never zero

Let’s put things in perspective. In the age of AI abundance, products and services will not arrive out of “thin air.” They would still need labor, materials, energy and infrastructure.

The advances in AI and other emerging technologies may lead to very cheap energy and highly automated production. This evolution will result in the marginal cost of most digital and even physical goods approaching zero. 

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This is due to three main factors. First is the automation of labor, where machines and AI handle almost all production, logistics and many services. The second is advanced manufacturing and AI distribution, like 3D printing, robotics and AI logistics systems that drastically reduce waste and inventory, making “enough for everyone” technically feasible. Lastly, abundant energy — fusion or ultra‑cheap solar makes energy so affordable that it stops being the bottleneck. 

Because energy underlies everything physical, all other costs fall. 

Plans are already in place. Elon Musk is now prioritizing lunar manufacturing and AI, with a goal of over 1,000 gigawatts of solar power. Using solar energy instead of nuclear power will reduce energy cost to almost zero. The catch: the initial cost to establish the infrastructure on the moon is very high, and it would need to overcome major challenges.

Related: Energym AI dystopia goes viral as crypto projects tout user-owned AI agents

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Under those conditions, it is plausible that education resources become somewhat free to the user because they are AI‑generated and infinitely replicable once the system is built. A large fraction of healthcare becomes extremely cheap, once the appropriate AI and robot infrastructure exists. 

At the level of physics and engineering, if the real bottlenecks — energy and automation — are abundant, costs collapse, but they do not completely disappear.

Infrastructure is the missing layer that no one talks about

Robotics and energy need to run at scale and speed to create an “abundance” of everything for everyone. For this, it needs infrastructure.

Automation and robotics run on what Jensen Haung calls “AI factories.” This is AI infrastructure, representing a shift towards treating AI development as an industrial process, enabling organizations to continuously train and refine AI models for better safety and efficiency.

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They are specialized, high-performance computing data centers designed to “manufacture” intelligence by converting raw data into trained AI models and tokens, rather than simply storing data. Using advanced GPUs and massive interconnected infrastructure, they are the engines of AI applications such as autonomous vehicles, robotics and generative AI.

AI factories are expensive. They need a lot of money to build and run. Companies that have already set up the infrastructure will keep growing and improving. For example, Nvidia is five times more profitable than IBM was in the 1980s, with only a tenth of the staff. Productivity and profits will increase, because AI greatly boosts efficiency. Investments will go to those who own AI models, platforms and especially the infrastructure.

This will lead to the biggest concentration of wealth in history.

Major players include tech giants like Nvidia, AWS and SpaceX. They will continue to dominate the market, making it tough for newcomers to compete.

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Governments are also involved. China is using its huge solar energy capacity to boost the energy-heavy AI boom. This creates a unique “AI and energy” ecosystem. Here, artificial intelligence optimises renewable energy generation, while solar power supports data centres. China is seen as a leader in renewable energy use.

Cheap energy is not cheap 

Energy is the fuel that runs AI factories, which are the engine of all robotics, automation and AI applications that will generate abundance. Energy fuels the infrastructure, and infrastructure runs the AI applications. Therefore, energy is the real bottleneck. Without cheap energy, this “free” theory fails.

Currently, electricity is the primary form of energy used to run the infrastructure. China is aggressively integrating renewable energy into its infrastructure and other regions are expanding renewable-powered energy into data centers as well. Electricity generation and grid capacity for AI-scale infrastructure is very costly and not scalable. To reach abundance at scale, energy must be very cheap and scalable.

What are the options?

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Fission energy is a type of or nuclear energy. It is fully mature, providing stable power, but produces radioactive waste. It carries the risk of nuclear proliferation, and safety concerns regarding meltdowns. It is cheaper than current fossil-based electricity sources but still has a tangible cost, and, like the other electricity sources it is limited, and not scalable.

Fusion energy involves merging light atoms to create energy, mimicking the sun, while traditional nuclear energy splits heavy atoms. Fusion offers nearly limitless, cleaner energy without long-lived high-level waste. 

Fusion is inherently safer with no risk of a runaway chain reaction. 

The caveat, however, is that fission is what’s currently being used. Creating nuclear fusion for energy is extraordinarily expensive and requires upfront investments of hundreds of billions of dollars, and it is still experimental and likely decades away from large-scale commercial use.

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Unlike nuclear fission, nuclear fusion is scalable. It is cheap but not does not cost zero. Someone has to pay the upfront costs to build the infrastructure, to create it and then maintain it. 

Elon Musk is going to the moon

Lunar solar power provides ample energy without atmospheric issues. Yet, it has high costs for launching, building and maintaining in a vacuum. Musk’s plan is to move all production, including the AI factory, to the moon.

The moon has low gravity and plenty of resources, making it the cheapest place for AI infrastructure.

Robots will terraform and build infrastructure. Humans will come to oversee and expand, while AI data centres will fuel the space economy.

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With Starlink, SpaceX, Optimus robots and xAI, Musk is in a strong position to make this happen.

However, machines for making advanced AI chips need to reach the moon. These bus-sized machines require very precise conditions.

The solution is a new method called Atomically Precise Manufacturing (APM). This builds atom by atom and aligns with Musk’s “first principle” thinking.

If successful, this could unlock unlimited solar energy and raw materials from the moon and asteroids. There would be no thermal limits or atmospheric interference.

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This could lead to boundless AI at a low cost. Experts say that if lunar fabrication works, it could create a trillion-dollar, or even hundreds of trillions, opportunity.

Who will benefit most from this hundred-trillion-dollar chance? Will it be shared fairly?

The soft prison of “free”

When you have centralized infrastructures and systems, whoever owns the infrastructure sets the terms of engagement. Strongly centralized systems can provide extensive “free” services, but in exchange, they often demand high control over speech, movement, data and economic choices. Non‑authoritarian welfare states may trade some individual autonomy for security and guaranteed services. Many “free” digital services today are funded by surveillance, profiling and behavioral manipulation — your data and attention are the real price. 

In a world of AI abundance, the infrastructure may be government owned. It may be owned by corporations. It could be owned through a public-private partnership. Either way, the infrastructure is centralized and the centralized power will dictate the distribution terms — how AI abundance is distributed, who gets what, under what conditions. If they wish to, they can abruptly “shut the valve” and nothing is distributed either to an individual or a group. Your dependency on their services becomes a “soft prison” stripped of your autonomy and self-sovereignty.

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It might be a hundred-trillion-dollar opportunity, but the owner of the centralized infrastructure will get the lion’s share and will dictate what will trickle down to the masses.

They say if something is “free”, you are the product. This remains true in a world of sheer abundance. In that world, the product is your self-sovereignty.

Opinion by: Merav Ozair, PhD, blockchain and AI senior advisor.