New research has revealed a fresh connection to Mary Anning, the renowned 18th-century palaeontologist, through a drawing held in the archives of the Yorkshire Museum.
The unpublished illustration was uncovered during a study focused on Lyme Regis, Mary Anning, and the drawings and letters of Elizabeth Philpot.
The research team, led by Tom Sharpe, Hugh Torrens, and Dr Sarah King, traced the origins of the drawing to 1833, when Yorkshire woman Anne Wickham sent it to the museum’s keeper, John Phillips, along with a letter.
Dr King, curator of natural sciences at York Museums Trust, said: “The Yorkshire Museum has held Wickham’s drawing since 1833, but it has been unknown and unpublished for almost two centuries.
Anne Wickham’s Drawing of an Ichthyosaur Skull, 1833 (Image: York Museums Trust)
“Diligent research efforts have enabled us to track down the drawing and accompanying letter, which reveals more about the network of women interested in and writing about palaeontology in the eighteenth century.”
Wickham created the drawing using fossilised sepia ink, made from the ink sacs of fossilised cephalopods.
Her letter gives, for the first time, the recipe for reconstituting fossilised sepia for use as an ink, providing valuable insight into the other published drawings from Philpot’s collection.
The letter was found in the York Philosophical Society’s collection in the University of York’s Borthwick Archive.
Drawings in fossilised sepia ink have long been studied for their connection to Lyme Regis and subsequently Mary Anning.
The drawing and letter from Yorkshire confirm existing evidence about how this ink was obtained and provide new insight into the production of the sepia ink drawings.
Dr King said: “Research and exhibitions like this are a wonderful thing, celebrating women in science and recognising the importance of Anning to these practices of recording fossilised specimens.”
Mary Anning Rocks at the Yorkshire Museum (Image: Anthony Chappel Ross)
The Yorkshire Museum currently has an exhibition dedicated to Mary Anning and her pioneering efforts.
Tom Sharpe, a Mary Anning expert and a key figure in the research, added: “Working with different partners and institutions is always so exciting and rewarding, especially when a collective effort reveals something fascinating.
“Having worked with the Yorkshire Museum in the past on the Mary Anning Rocks! exhibition, it was a delight to discover more links to her and her livelihood within the Yorkshire Museum’s collection.
“Tracing the letter to the Borthwick Archives was also a special moment during the research process.
“The power of connections, museum archives and scientific networks has enabled this to come to light and solidify what we already know about the other sepia drawings and reveal more about the breadth of Anning’s influence on palaeontology.”
The full research paper is now available on the Yorkshire Museum’s website.
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