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Researchers identify the simplest way to help your cat live longer

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Researchers identify the simplest way to help your cat live longer

We all know cats represent a major threat to native animals and birds. Australia’s 5.3 million domestic cats kill a total of 546 million animals each year in Australia. What’s less well known is that allowing your domestic cat to roam outside exposes them to considerable danger – and the risk of a short life.

About two-thirds of all Australian cat owners have had a cat die while out roaming. The top risks are road traffic accidents, fighting and falls.

Our recent research review found keeping your cat at home at all times isn’t just good for wildlife – it’s much safer for your cat.

Losing a cat is tragic. But there are other risks too. Many owners rack up large veterinary bills while their cats are left with lifelong health conditions. Our review also found this situation is not unique to Australia, but reflects the global risk faced by free-roaming cats.

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What are the risks?

Cameras mounted on collars provide a cat’s-eye view of the hazards roaming cats face. In one study of 55 free-roaming felines in the United States, 25% risked poisoning by eating or drinking while away from home – any substance could be hazardous. Nearly half (45%) crossed roads, 25% encountered other cats, 20% crawled under houses and 20% explored storm drains.

A research review found that keeping your cat at home is much safer for your cat

A research review found that keeping your cat at home is much safer for your cat (Getty)

This isn’t just American feline bravado. When cameras were fitted to 37 cats in New Zealand, 59% drank away from home, 40% ate away from home, 32% crossed roads and 21% risked falling by climbing onto roofs.

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Australian cats are no exception. In one study, 428 radio-tracked cats averaged 4.8 road crossings per day.

What are the outcomes?

If you’re a fan of The Simpsons you might recall the fate of their family cats: Snowball I and Snowball II died on the road, Snowball III drowned, Coltrane (AKA Snowball IV) fell to his death, and Snowball V is still with us. The reality is uncomfortably similar. Our review found that trauma – mainly road traffic accidents, fighting and falls – kills or injures many free-roaming cats globally.

In a recent UK study, road traffic accidents were the leading cause of death for cats aged less than one year old all the way to eight-year-old cats.

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This aligns with European estimates, which suggest 18–24% of cats are struck by a car during their lifetime, with around 70% of those incidents proving fatal. Victims are often under five years old and predominantly male. Risks are higher for those not desexed, as they tend to roam wider and more frequently.

Love and status offer no protection. Former New Zealand Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern’s cat, Paddles, colloquially known as New Zealand’s first cat, died after being hit by a car in 2017.

In a recent UK study, road traffic accidents were the leading cause of death for cats aged less than one year old

In a recent UK study, road traffic accidents were the leading cause of death for cats aged less than one year old (AP)

The dangers extend well beyond road accidents. Roaming pet cats face serious infectious diseases, such as Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV), and frequently engage in fights, often developing abscesses that can kill and require expensive veterinary treatment.

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While it’s hard to quantify the instances of deliberate human cruelty to cats, there is global evidence for deliberate poisoning and injury to roaming cats, many of which die before receiving medical intervention.

In one study tracking 55 roaming cats in Western Australia over just eight months, two were poisoned, one lost a front leg in a traffic accident, one fractured two canine teeth in a fall, and two required veterinary treatment for fight-related injuries.

Drawing all these factors together, we estimated outdoor pet cats have lives at least 2–3 years shorter than the population of contained pet cats. Those that survive accidents or disease may have lifelong disabilities.

How can you reduce the risks?

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The simplest way to protect your cats is to contain them on your property, just as Australians do with other domestic animals. Extensive advice is available on how to keep cats happy and healthy while contained.

Importantly, containment doesn’t mean keeping your cat indoors at all times. Backyards can be modified with fence-top rollers to prevent escape. Some owners enclose part of the yard to create a “catio” – an outdoor cat enclosure – allowing their cats to enjoy fresh air and sunshine while remaining secure.

About the authors

Mike Calver is an Associate Professor in Biological Sciences at Murdoch University. Heather M. Crawford is an assistant researcher at Murdoch University and Trish Fleming is a Professor at Murdoch University.

This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons licence. Read the original article.

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Many cats can also be trained to walk on a harness or leash, making it possible to take them for supervised outings. A recent report from Norway found providing controlled outdoor access is often important for maintaining cat wellbeing.

Cats need to be entertained when in the house. They enjoy outside views, toys, scratching surfaces, above-ground climbing and sitting spaces, and opportunities for play. They are naturally solitary animals, so places to hide are useful.

If cats can’t go outside to toilet, they will need two indoor litter trays. Because cats are fastidious, trays must be cleaned frequently. In multi-cat households, provide one litter tray per cat, plus an extra. Place the trays in separate, quiet locations, and never beside the food bowl.

Responsible cat ownership

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Australians love their cats. In 2019, roughly a quarter of Australian households owned a cat. By 2025, that figure had risen to a third. Over the same period, households reporting they kept their cats indoors rose from 36% to 48%.

Perhaps we are finally valuing our cats as we do our dogs and listening to Aussie songwriter and singer Eric Bogle’s sage advice: “Oh you who love your pussy be sure to keep him in. Don’t let him argue with a truck, the truck is bound to win. And upon the busy road don’t let him play or frolic. If you do I’m warning you it could be CAT-astrophic.”

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Brian Cox: My relationship with Scotland is complicated

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Brian Cox: My relationship with Scotland is complicated

Speaking about his homeland, he told The Times: “The way people treat Scotland, you know, it’s very beautiful and all that, but what we’ve done intellectually — we created television, the telephone, advances in medicine — it’s extraordinary. But we’re so low-graded, and because of that we don’t get what we deserve.

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Westhoughton Carnival has council backing after 20-year absence

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Westhoughton Carnival has council backing after 20-year absence

The carnival is is set to be revived this summer after an almost 20-year absence, as local group Howfen Wakes seeks to bring back the popular tradition.

The carnival began many years ago as an agricultural show before blossoming into a full-scale event with floats, games, stalls, live performers, and a parade.

Westhoughton Carnival 2004 (Image: Danny Gifford)

Westhoughton councillor David Wilkinson said: “We were really pleased how our Christmas Markets went.

“The carnival coming back will be a big step forward for our community – it will be great.”

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Cllr Arthur Price added: “Anything that brings the town together is a good thing.”

All councillors present agreed to approve Howfen Wakes’ £500 grant application to help organise the event.

Westhoughton Carnival 2004 (Image: Danny Gifford)

Howfen Wakes plans to start small in order to test public interest.

They have been granted the right to use the field in Westhoughton, where they will set up this summer.

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The first carnival will be a party in the park – stalls, amusements, food, face painting and hair braiding for the kids.

One of the main issues with the original carnival was the cost of road closures and traffic management, so the plan is to keep that to a minimum this year.

Westhoughton Carnival 2004 (Image: Danny Gifford)

If the response is good and the carnival is popular, Howfen Wakes will expand it year on year until it begins to resemble its former pomp, with parades, floats, and performers.

‘Howfen’ is a slang term for a Westhoughtoner, so ‘Howfen Wakes’ refers to the reawakening of the Howfens as they revive their carnival.

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As it stands, the carnival has been inactive for about 20 years.

Westhoughton Carnival 2004 (Image: Danny Gifford)

It’s folding was largely due to cost-related pressures, as the expanding carnival accrued expanding costs for policing, road closures, and performers.

This led to the first iteration of Westhoughton Carnival being cancelled in 2007, despite calls for support from local residents and councillors.

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York’s Christmas Market could close on Tuesdays – council

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York Christmas Market- council proposals for future events

City of York Council says it is considering a new approach to the seasonal event, which would see the market close on Tuesdays each week to allow “business as usual” in the city centre.

It said that the rest day would ease access for residents who feel cut off by the market, with particular benefits intended for Blue Badge holders.


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As reported by The Press in February, extra Blue Badge parking spaces, improving accessibility for buses, dedicated quiet and rest spaces, more cycle parking and benches are among proposals drawn up following a review of last year’s market.

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Controversial restrictions were implemented last November following an Anti-Terror Traffic Regulation Order (ATTRO) requested by North Yorkshire Police which barred drivers from city centre streets during the market’s opening hours – restrictions the force said were needed to deter terrorist attacks.

However, campaigners have slammed the measures claiming they exclude some York residents from their own city centre – especially Blue Badge holders who are unable to drive into parts of the city.

Councillor Pete Kilbane, deputy leader of City of York Council, said: “York is the most Christmassy place to be which is why it’s enjoyed by residents and visitors from all around the world.

“At a special time of year with the winter lights and Christmas Market, it’s just a fantastic place to be.

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“However, this isn’t the case for everyone. We know that some people can feel cut off from the city centre at this time of year and this can’t continue.

“This report looks to explore our options to improve access to the city centre in a way which also keeps the city safe.

“This includes looking at rest days for the market to support those who need to get into the city centre for everyday needs such as banking services, and for leisure such as enjoying York’s amazing retail and hospitality offer.”

Packed Christmas marketYork Christmas Market could close one day a week under fresh plans (Image: Staff)

If approved, York’s Christmas market would close every Tuesday – traditionally the day when footfall for the market is quieter.

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This would allow Blue Badge holder access through the hostile vehicle measures on those Tuesdays, unless exceptional circumstances such as a national security threat, specific intelligence or a VIP visit required retricted access.

On the remaining days of the week, vehicle restrictions would remain in place in line with anti-terrorism measures requested by the police.

The council says the change could give residents and visitors greater freedom to access shops, services, and leisure options without the usual constraints of the market operating.

If the six-day market option is backed, 2026 would serve as a trial year, with arrangements for 2027 and beyond being reviewed following an evaluation of that season.

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The proposal will be discussed at the council’s executive meeting on Tuesday, April 14, with papers for the meeting available on the City of York Council’s website.

The meeting will also be available to watch live or on demand at www.york.gov.uk/webcasts.

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Meghan shares adorable video of Archie, 6, skilfully skiing with dad Prince Harry as she says he’s a ‘quick learner’

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Meghan shares adorable video of Archie, 6, skilfully skiing with dad Prince Harry as she says he’s a ‘quick learner’

A friend of Harry’s told The Sunday Times: “If he was invited by the King, he would get a package of security that automatically kicks in. He’d like an invite to Sandringham. Would he go? It would depend who was there. If the King was to say, ‘Come up and spend some time with the family’, he’d love that.”

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Pink rhododendron plant takes over Smithills Estate

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Pink rhododendron plant takes over Smithills Estate

Rhododendron ponticum, bursting into bright colour at this time of year, has been spreading widely across the Smithills Estate for years, crowding out native species.

Rhododendron on Smithills trail (Image: NQ)

The Trailblazers, volunteers working in the area, say the plant’s thick growth is “choking” the woodland floor and leaving little room for other plant life to survive.

Work uncovers water feature on the estate after plants removed (Image: NQ)

Trailblazer Alan Cowardine said: “The problem with the rhododendron is it’s got a thick foliage. “No light gets to the ground, so nothing else can survive.

“So that could be creatures like earthworms, beetles, any flies, anything like that. We’ve actually seen nothing since we’ve been pulling out the rhododendrons.”

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The plant spreads aggressively and is difficult to control once established.

Work is underway to control the plethora of out-of-control rhododendron bushes and Trailblazers are hopeful the can limit its growth, even if hedges found all over the trail are made mostly out of the daunting yet manageable rhododendron.

Rhododendron can cause illness and vomiting when eaten, but while the risks to people and pets are considered low, volunteers say the plant should not be consumed.

Mr Cowardine added: “Each plant will produce a million seeds, then the roots form and it spreads as well, so it’s not a good thing to have and it’s a toxic plant as well.”

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“It is toxic, but you’d have to physically eat it, but it’s not good for the environment full stop.”

Smithills’ Woodland, which spans for acres and is a walking route for locals, is maintained every Monday by the Trailblazers.

Jean Turner (Image: NQ)

Each week, they come together to stay on top of plant life, create walkways for visitors and restore once neat areas, such as ponds.

They have had help from local organisations such as Bolton Council, Friends of Smithills hall, places of education, and Bolton Green Umbrella to name a few.

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Volunteer at work (Image: NQ)

The plant’s impact goes beyond visibility, affecting the balance of the wider ecosystem.

Jean Turner, Chair of Edgworth and District Horticultural Society, said: “The problem we’ve got is rhododendron ponticum, a beautiful flower but deadly to the environment.

“Anything underneath a rhododendron bush will die because the rhododendrons have in themselves a chemical which kills or inhibits any growth.

“The rhododendron plant is poisonous to many animals, so sheep and cows won’t graze on it. I suppose the leaves don’t look very appetising, but you would take precautions.”

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Efforts to remove the plant are ongoing, with volunteers working to dig out roots and prevent regrowth.

They hope that over time clearing the rhododendron will allow native plants and wildlife to return to help the woodland flourish.

 

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Jamie Lynn Spears’ life now from Netflix show to ‘frustrating’ Britney relationship

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Daily Mirror
Jamie Lynn Spears’ life now from Netflix show to ‘frustrating’ Britney relationship – The Mirror