Yeast spends its days chewing through sugar and splitting the leftovers into alcohol and carbon dioxide. Most people chasing homemade ethanol treat the second half of that reaction as pure waste and let the gas drift away. One maker decided the gas was too useful to ignore and set out to trap every molecule, dry it, chill it, and pack it into the same kind of high-pressure bottles that drive paintball markers and soda siphons.

The numbers appear almost too clean, since 4 kilograms of ordinary sugar dissolved in 14 liters of water already gives a solution that is nearly 22% sugar. If the yeast performs its job and converts everything, the process should result in little more than 2 kg of CO2. That’s enough liquid to fill nearly four 20-ounce paintball cylinders. The problem is that the gas comes out of the fermenter wet and diluted, making the first job (gathering it) difficult, as does maintaining the pressure up and preventing air from entering the system.

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A 5-gallon water jug serves as a fermentation tank. The carbon dioxide is routed out via an airlock tube and into a recycled water-filter canister. The works is stuffed with silica-gel beads, which reduces moisture slightly, but we later discovered that the dew point remains too high, causing ice to form inside the valves. The next step is to transfer the gas to a beach ball. It takes a few days, but the ball eventually fills up with hundreds of gallons of CO2. It serves the purpose of providing some extra room to keep the pressure near the proper level while the yeast is still active.

The major issue is turning the squishy substance into liquid. At room temperature, the CO2 must be compressed to roughly 64bar before it can condensate. The problem is that standard shop compressors can only reach a fraction of that capacity. The solution is to simply leave it in the air box. To cool a copper coil, a DIY system makes use of propylene as a refrigerant. This lowers the temperature to roughly -33 degrees Celsius and reduces the condensation pressure to about 13 bar absolute, which is well within the capabilities of a severely modified oil-less air compressor with its over-pressure cut-out switch disabled.

That copper coil is a 2-inch pipe, approximately 2 feet long, with a thinner copper coil within to convey the propylene. The CO2 from the beach ball enters at the top, meets the chilly surface, and condenses into a liquid that gathers at the bottom. A second coil (the same as the first) is housed in a 96% ethanol-lined thermos. A paintball tank sits in that bath, keeping the metal cool. Once some liquid has accumulated in the coil, a valve opens and the liquid flows into the chilled tank.

An typical oil-free compressor can move the gas, but only at a very sluggish rate; at 17 bar, it moves like a snail. Switching to a refrigerated compressor provides the necessary pressure, 400 psi or greater, and reduces fill time to 10 or 15 minutes. But now we have a new problem: oil separation. Any lubricant that gets into the tank degrades the purity. Then there’s water, which still freezes inside the tank valve while we pump it out, and this can jam the nozzle until the metal heats up again.

After filling the bottle to capacity, the scales read 1312 grams with the valve still connected. When the contents were drained, 974 grams remained, indicating that 338 grams of liquid carbon dioxide had been trapped inside. The container wasn’t even full to the brim, but that liquid was unmistakable, and when that valve was opened quickly, the temperature of the tank dropped to the point where it iced over. If you discharge it completely and quickly, you could bring it down to the temperature of dry ice.

That small charge of ours already has some substantial practical power behind it. By connecting it to a short-stroke pneumatic actuator, he was able to elevate the back end of a full-size pickup approximately 200 millimeters off the ground. The same gas, linked to a vane motor, was able to power a small generator for a few minutes, but you can probably predict where this is going: the intense chill that comes in as the liquid boils away causes the pressure to drop and the motor to turn off.
[Source]

Every accelerator makes a version of the same offer: capital, mentorship, a network, three months of support, and materially better odds of survival. Evidence suggests that little of it actually works.

In April, Youn Baek and Deepak Hegde of NYU Stern published a working paper through the National Bureau of Economic Research examining nearly 750,000 American startups across 329 programs. Between 60 and 80 percent of accelerators, they found, leave the companies that join them worse off than if they had never applied. A smaller group does the opposite, raising funding, growth and exit rates by a wide margin. Among them, Y Combinator, Techstars and Endless Frontier Labs.

The study establishes which programs work, but it does not explain why. For that, we asked founder and product-market fit expert Yann Goarin.

Goarin spent a decade at Google and YouTube, where he launched more than twenty products in Europe and the United States, and has since led product and marketing at several venture-backed startups. He founded Zag Labs in 2023, an advisory firm that has helped more than a hundred early-stage companies go to market and accelerate their path to product-market fit. He developed the “PMF System”, a method that treats product-market fit as a problem-solving process rather than an event or a vibe. He is currently Founder in Residence at AAXIS, where he leads the enterprise technology firm’s venture-building work. He also mentors and judges at five accelerator programs across the US (Techstars, gener8tor, FoundersBoost, Expert Dojo, and USC’s Iovine and Young Academy), which gives him a unique perspective on how different programs support their founders.

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Most accelerators take equity in exchange for a check and three months of support, and their return depends on whether a few companies in each cohort raise at scale or exit. What they offer founders is leverage in several forms: capital, introductions to investors and customers, brand recognition, and knowledge.

Like top universities, the best accelerators attract and select the best founders. Even so, the odds of success are very low. Building a category-defining, venture-backed company is incredibly difficult, and luck and timing decide a great deal of it. But it is not magic. There is a method to the madness, and that method, Goarin claims, is either not taught or not taught well.

Research shows that knowledge is the form of leverage that appears to matter most. Susan Cohen, Benjamin Hallen and Christopher Bingham, who spent years studying the original American accelerator programs, found that where accelerators do improve their companies, the primary driver is what those companies learned inside them. But it is also the hardest to scale.

Goarin remembers one client engagement, a seed-stage AI startup that had built a video production platform. Its founders had come through one of the world’s most selective accelerators. It raised $4 million and within twelve months passed $1.2 million in annual recurring revenue. However, churn was running above 30 percent. The response was to sell harder and build faster, adding features as customers asked for them, and investors supported that on the view that revenue was the number that mattered most.

What the founders failed to realize was that the three segments they were selling to (small marketing agencies, independent video creators, and boutique production companies) were not a cohesive market. While they appeared to need faster and cheaper video production, they differed in how much video they produced, how polished it had to be, how it fit in their workflow, and where it was distributed. The product tried to stretch across all three, and served none of them well. Customers left faster than sales could replace them. After cutting half the team and pivoting, they failed to secure a bridge round and ran out of runway.

Goarin came in near the end, too late to change the outcome. “I assumed that founders coming out of a program like that would be better at testing their assumptions and diagnosing their issues. I was wrong. They were just as clueless as most of the others I advise.”

Around that time he started mentoring at Techstars. That’s where he saw an opportunity to address the problem at scale. From inside a program, it becomes clear how knowledge actually reaches founders, and what never does.

The programs that do teach tend to teach in fragments: a product expert teaches product, a sales executive covers sales, someone who has raised four rounds helps with fundraising. Founders are expected to assemble them into a working company. Most fail. There is something odd in that, viewed from outside. Accelerators and venture funds spend enormous effort on selection, screening thousands of applicants to find the few worth backing, and then just hope they figure it out.

What goes untaught is product-market fit itself, i.e., the correct assembly of these fragmented pieces that ultimately leads to widespread demand for something people badly need, delivered profitably every time. There are two reasons it does not appear on syllabuses. Product-market fit is not understood as a discipline in its own right, so there is no settled body of practice to teach from. And the mentorship model recruits subject matter experts by function, so PMF, which sits between and over the functions, isn’t owned by anybody. Until now.

What Goarin teaches in these programs runs end-to-end, and his objective is straightforward: avoid building something nobody wants.

“Accelerators give founders access and funding, and of course that matters,” says Goarin. “But where they can have an even bigger impact is teaching first-time founders to operate like second-time founders. That means going beyond the surface-level material and breaking down the mechanics of startups.”

User experience went through the same thing. Usability testing, information architecture and interaction design were practiced separately for years before the field recognized them as one discipline and created roles for people who worked across all of them. Naming it is what made it possible to teach.

The case for teaching product-market fit as its own subject is getting stronger. As technology levels the playing field on building and execution, what separates companies is judgment: Is this problem worth solving? Is this the right customer segment? Can I deliver my solution repeatably and profitably? Is it time to pivot? None of those questions can be answered well without knowing what to look at, and that is what Goarin focuses on.

“In the early days only three things matter,” Goarin claims. “Speed of learning, speed of decision-making, speed of execution. A startup is a learning machine before it is anything else, and learning is the part founders struggle with the most. Building is fast and cheap now, so the temptation is to ship something and see if it sticks. But that’s how you end up with a product in search of a problem. That’s how you end up in pivot hell.”

His work has been expanding. He was a Lead Mentor at Techstars for the Spring 2025 and Spring 2026 cohorts and a judge in Mentor Magic, the program’s week of back-to-back mentoring and evaluation sessions. He has advised two gener8tor cohorts and judged USC’s Venture Showcase. He is in discussions with other top programs in the United States and Europe.

Top accelerator entry requirements have been rising. Joshua Lu, who runs Speedrun, told TechCrunch this year that because AI has made building and testing so much faster, the program now expects market validation or early traction before it will admit a company. That created a new market of programs beneath the accelerators. The best of them are focusing on education, and have invested accordingly. FoundersBoost, one of the world’s best pre-accelerators, brought Goarin in to strengthen its programming and asked him to teach its last two cohorts.

The gap is about to matter more. AI is accelerating a trend already underway, in which smaller and smaller teams, working alongside swarms of agents, can perform like much larger companies. That does not reduce the value of knowing what to build. Rather, it concentrates it. Judgment, pattern recognition, knowing what to focus on and when, the confidence to make a decision and move: these have always been the unfair advantage, but are ever more critical in the AI age.

“Fundraising used to be something most founders didn’t understand,” says Goarin. “Now every program teaches it. Product-market fit is more complex, but it is a subject, and I expect it will be taught the same way before long.”

Baek and Hegde could not say what separates the accelerators that work from the ones that do not. If the answer is what they teach, the programs that work it out first will be the ones worth applying to.

The TP-Link Tapo C660 Kit is a feature-packed 4K outdoor security camera that delivers many of the perks usually reserved for pricier models, including solar charging, pan-and-tilt coverage, color night vision and local microSD storage.

That last feature means you won’t need to pay for a subscription for video playback and download, but there are still some great (but non-essential) features in the paid Tapocare subscription, especially if you plan to expand your home’s security with more than a single camera.

An Illinois man was sentenced on Tuesday to 76 months in prison and three years of supervised release for hacking the Snapchat accounts of over 750 women to steal nude photos, which he later traded or sold online.

After being charged in December, 26-year-old defendant Kyle Svara admitted in February to having used various social engineering tactics to phish Snapchat access codes from over 750 women.

Between May 2020 and February 2021, he targeted more than 4,500 victims while posing as a representative of Snap Inc and using anonymized phone numbers.

After stealing the victims’ credentials, Svara accessed approximately 517 women’s Snapchat accounts without permission to download nude or semi-nude photos and activated two-factor authentication to lock them out of the compromised accounts.

The investigators also found that Svara distributed child sexual abuse material (CSAM), finding approximately 530 images and 600 videos depicting CSAM in his Mega account.

“When Svara was interviewed by investigators, he falsely stated that he did not know anything about hacking Snapchat,” the Justice Department said in February.

“Additionally, he falsely stated that had no interest in child pornography and had never actively sought out or accessed child sexual abuse material (CSAM). Contrary to these statements, the defendant collected, distributed and solicited CSAM.”

According to court documents, he also advertised his “services” online, trading the stolen images, offering to “get into girls snap accounts,” and asking potential clients to reach out through the Kik encrypted messaging app.

​Steve Waithe, a former Northeastern University track and field coach and one of his clients, hired Svara to hack the Snapchat accounts of students at Northeastern and members of the women’s track and field and soccer teams.

After being found guilty of targeting at least 128 women and stealing thousands of explicit photos from more than 100 women, Waithe was sentenced in March 2024 to five years in prison for cyber fraud, cyberstalking, and sextortion.

Between paid hacking jobs, Svara also independently hacked into the accounts of many women in Plainfield, Illinois (including neighbors, family friends, classmates, his own personal friends), as well as students at Colby College in Waterville, Maine.

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Forget cheating on homework and chatbot friends. Some kids are getting in on a new AI trend: thinking it sucks.

In the four years since chatbots went mainstream, and their marketing campaigns went into overdrive, young people have grown increasingly skeptical of the hype around LLMs. Yes, many of them still use the tech for school assignments and companionship, but according to market research firm YPulse, 37 percent of teens aged 13 to 17 cringe when they see AI content like music and videos, and more than half worry about misinformation and deepfakes.

The polling on youthful AI attitudes shows a great deal of contradiction. Adoption rates are high, with a majority of America’s teens reporting they use chatbots, but enthusiasm is mixed. A recent Pew Research report found that while many teens think AI will be good for them personally, over a fourth of their cohort believe AI will have a negative impact on society in the next 20 years, citing job loss, the decline of critical thinking skills, and environmental impacts as concerns.

Young people typically adopt new consumer technology eagerly, but Melanie Green, a communications professor at the University at Buffalo, says AI is different. This time, the moral panic isn’t coming from older generations—in fact, kids are turned off by the way AI is being pushed on them by adults and tech corporations. They’re also, Green says, “acutely aware that whatever disruption happens, their generation is going to be bearing the brunt of it.”

Ergo, the eye-rolls. On Bluesky, parents bond over their kids’ distrust of AI, with many claiming that their children come home saying “that’s AI” to mean “that’s BS.” On Reddit, educators share that students—even those who use AI—worry about its consequences and can’t stand the art it produces. WIRED spoke to young people, their parents, and their teachers to find out why some kids don’t want to be on the AI bandwagon.

science

Super Heavy booster had a super heavy landing, but other reusability tech did the trick

The 13^th flight of SpaceX’s Starship made it off the launchpad on Friday and ticked off just about everything on the company’s to-do list.

After delays and engine replacements, Elon Musk’s colosso-launcher took to the skies at beer-o’clock on Friday evening – 5:51PM Texas time.

One hour, five minutes and 21 seconds later, Starship made a controlled splashdown in the Indian Ocean, where it floated after landing.

SpaceX says it was able to gather critical data on the performance of Starship’s heatshield, and that the craft made “a dynamic banking move to mimic the trajectory that future missions returning to Starbase will fly.”

Gathering data on Starship’s heatshield performance will help SpaceX ensure the craft is re-usable. Simulating missions that land at Starbase, SpaceX’s Texas home, builds toward future missions that launch and land at the same facility, speeding turnarounds for re-usable hardware.

The test flight also saw SpaceX test a new routine for de-orbiting the Super Heavy booster used to hoist Starship into space. “The booster successfully completed the high thrust portion of the boostback burn with all 33 engines, the first time with a Super Heavy V3, before ending the burn early,” SpaceX said. “It attempted to relight its engines for the landing burn, with a subset successfully igniting before experiencing a hard splashdown in the Gulf.”

That part of the mission didn’t go perfectly, as SpaceX hoped for a softer landing and more engines lighting to make it possible.

Once Super Heavy and Starship separated, the latter vehicle used its six Raptor engines to reach desired speed and orbit. It then deployed 20 Starlink V3 satellites. SpaceX crew verified the sats worked and half a dozen of them got a look at Starship’s heatshield. While the satellites were functional, SpaceX did not intend them to form part of the Starlink constellation and allowed them to re-enter Earth’s atmosphere. Or as the company’s mission report put it, the satellites “demised upon reentry approximately 20 minutes after deployment.”

Starship performed one more trick on its way back to Earth, by starting one of its Raptor engines while coasting through space. The success of that test again demonstrated tech that will be needed for future missions, in this case flights that push Starship into sustainable orbit – or allow it to reach a trajectory capable of reaching the Moon, as NASA envisages will be the case for future Artemis missions that land humans on Earth’s permanent natural satellite.

SpaceX boss Elon Musk said he hopes the next Starship test flight will see the Super Heavy booster caught by robot arms at Starbase, another step towards improved reusability and turnaround times between flights. ®

Televisions spent decades getting larger, thinner and increasingly difficult to move without a second person, a furniture dolly and a brief argument about who scratched the wall.

LG took a different approach with StanbyME: put the display on wheels, add a battery and let it follow you between rooms without requiring an electrician or a marriage counselor.

The original idea was clever, but the 27-inch StanbyME 2 still felt more like an oversized tablet than a television. LG’s new StanbyME 2 Max moves the concept considerably closer to being a legitimate secondary TV with a 32-inch 4K touchscreen, improved wireless connectivity and the same $1,299.99 launch price as its smaller predecessor.

That is still a lot of money for 32 inches of LCD real estate, but conventional televisions cannot follow you into the kitchen, rotate into portrait mode for a workout or detach from their stands when you need the screen on a desk.

Bigger Screen, Sharper Picture

The most important upgrade is the display itself. StanbyME 2 Max increases the screen size from 27 to 32 inches while jumping from QHD resolution to full 4K UHD at 3840 x 2160 pixels. It remains an edge-lit LCD panel with a native 60Hz refresh rate, so nobody should confuse it with one of LG’s premium OLED TVs. Mobility, not reference-level black performance, is the reason this exists.

LG has equipped the new model with its Alpha 8 AI Processor Gen3, including AI Picture Pro, AI Super Upscaling and Dynamic Tone Mapping Pro. Dolby Vision HDR is supported, while Dolby Atmos and LG’s AI Sound Pro processing can create a virtual 11.1.2-channel presentation through the built-in side-firing 2.0-channel speaker system.

A 32-inch television is never going to replace a proper home theater system, but that is not really the assignment. StanbyME 2 Max is intended for recipes, exercise videos, casual streaming, gaming, video calls and those moments when somebody else has taken control of the main television and refuses to surrender the remote.

More Tablet Without Becoming an Actual Tablet

The touchscreen can rotate 90 degrees in either direction for landscape or portrait viewing, tilt up to 25 degrees and swivel as much as 90 degrees. The display also detaches from the rolling stand and can be placed on a table using the included one-click tabletop stand. A small magnetic remote clips directly to the enclosure, which should reduce the likelihood of it disappearing into the sofa cushions within the first 48 hours.

The screen weighs approximately 12.3 pounds on its own, while the complete display and rolling stand weigh 44.8 pounds. In other words, roll the complete unit between rooms and save the lifting for when the display is detached.

Battery life has increased slightly from four to a claimed 4.5 hours, which should cover two average-length films or approximately one modern streaming drama whose director was never told that editing exists. The screen can also be powered or charged over USB-C, including through a compatible external battery.

Connectivity represents another meaningful improvement. The previous StanbyME 2 was saddled with Wi-Fi 5, which felt dated on a premium wireless display. The Max moves to Wi-Fi 6 and Bluetooth 5.3, while supporting Apple AirPlay, Google Cast and mobile-device screen mirroring. LG also includes HDMI, USB and dual USB-C connectivity, with USB-C DisplayPort Alt Mode supported for compatible computers and mobile devices.

LG’s webOS platform provides access to streaming applications and more than 400 free LG Channels in the United States. Gallery+ can turn the display into a mobile digital-art frame, while Mood Maker, touchscreen board games and the generative AI-powered Let’s Draw application provide something to do when another season of television about wealthy people behaving badly begins to feel repetitive.

There is an important distinction, however: StanbyME 2 Max runs a television operating system rather than iPadOS, Android or Windows. It offers touch controls and tablet-like flexibility, but it is not a general-purpose tablet capable of running every mobile productivity or creative application.

LG Is No Longer Rolling Alone

Samsung’s closest rival is the 27-inch Movingstyle, which offers a QHD touchscreen, 120Hz refresh rate, HDR10+, Dolby Atmos, a detachable display and approximately three hours of battery life for a $1,199.99 MSRP. Samsung has the advantage for gaming and faster motion, but LG provides a larger 4K screen, longer battery life and Dolby Vision for an additional $100.

Samsung also sells the 32-inch Movingstyle M7 for $699.99. It provides a 4K display and rolling stand at nearly half the price of the LG, but it requires continuous AC power and lacks both touchscreen operation and the ability to detach the display for portable use. It is closer to a smart monitor on wheels than a battery-powered personal screen.

The more serious threat might be the Hisense S6 FollowMe, which combines a 32-inch 4K touchscreen with an anti-glare panel, Wi-Fi 6, an integrated camera and a claimed battery life of up to 10 hours. Hisense announced U.S. availability for May 2026, but its official launch materials still did not provide pricing, which is an effective way to win a specifications comparison without asking anyone to open their wallet.

What makes the StanbyME 2 Max different is not any single feature. It is the combination of a 32-inch 4K touchscreen, detachable battery operation, a mature smart TV platform, Dolby Vision and Atmos support, extensive wired and wireless connectivity and confirmed U.S. pricing in one relatively polished product.

The Bottom Line

At $1,299.99, the LG StanbyME 2 Max will never win a dollars-per-inch contest. The same money can purchase a substantially larger conventional 4K TV with better picture quality, greater brightness and possibly enough left over for a soundbar.

That television will not roll next to a treadmill, rotate vertically for a recipe, detach for use on a desk or operate for more than four hours without an electrical outlet.

LG has addressed the two most obvious limitations of the previous model by increasing the screen size and resolution, while Wi-Fi 6 fixes a networking specification that should never have been missing from a premium wireless display.

The edge-lit panel, 60Hz refresh rate and high price still require some perspective. This is not the television for someone building a dedicated home theater or chasing premium HDR performance. It makes far more sense for apartments, bedrooms, kitchens, home offices, workout spaces and households where a flexible secondary screen would actually move throughout the day.

The StanbyME concept is no longer unique, but the 2 Max may be its most convincing execution so far. LG did not reinvent television. It simply gave one better resolution, a battery and permission to leave the living room.

Price & Availability

The LG StanbyME 2 Max, model 32LX6BWGA, is priced at $1,299.99 in the United States. LG opened preorders on June 29, 2026, with initial shipments expected to begin during the week of July 26, 2026.

Where to buy:

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Apple Upgrade, the company’s new installment program, will be going live on July 28, coinciding with the ending of sign-ups for the iPhone Upgrade Program.

On July 21, a report surfaced claiming that the iPhone Upgrade Program was on borrowed time, and was due to be replaced. It seems that the replacement, Apple Upgrade, will be arriving very soon.

Posted as part of Sunday’s “Power On” newsletter for Bloomberg, Mark Gurman writes that Apple Upgrade will launch on Tuesday. At the same time, Apple will stop new enrollments for the iPhone Upgrade Program.

Consumers already on the iPhone Upgrade Program can continue to use it, but new plans will not be set up.

While a leasing program at its core, Apple Upgrade differs from the iPhone Upgrade Program in a few ways.

The first big change is that it’s not just limited to iPhones. Consumers will be able to sign up for an iPhone, iPad, Mac, or Apple Watch.

Plans will last 24 or 36 months, depending on the product, and subscribers will be allowed to upgrade early to newer models instead of completing the entire term.

Not every model will be available either, with budget-oriented options like the Apple Watch SE and the MacBook Neo apparently off-limits. Business and education purchases will not be able to use the facility, either.

A second variation from the old program is that there won’t be AppleCare included in the plan. The iPhone Upgrade Program included it as standard, but now consumers have to pick it up separately.

Lastly, the backer of the program is different. The iPhone Upgrade Program was backed by Citizen Bank, but now Apple Upgrade will be handled financially by Klarna.

Strands is the NYT’s latest word game after the likes of Wordle, Spelling Bee and Connections – and it’s great fun. It can be difficult, though, so read on for my Strands hints.

Want more word-based fun? Then check out my NYT Connections today and Quordle today pages for hints and answers for those games, and Marc’s Wordle today page for the original viral word game.