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This Is How America Manipulates People Into Killing

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The Associated Press reports that many of the recruits drafted under Ukraine’s new conscription law lack the motivation and military indoctrination required to actually aim their weapons and fire at Russian soldiers. 

“Some people don’t want to shoot. They see the enemy in the firing position in trenches but don’t open fire … That is why our men are dying,” said a frustrated battalion commander in Ukraine’s 47th Brigade. “When they don’t use the weapon, they are ineffective.”

Conditioning human beings to kill

This is familiar territory to anyone who has studied the work of US Brigadier General Samuel “Slam” Marshall, a World War I veteran and the chief combat historian of the US Army in World War II. Marshall conducted hundreds of post-combat small group sessions with US troops in the Pacific and Europe, and he documented his findings in his book Men Against Fire: the Problem of Battle Command.

One of Slam Marshall’s most startling and controversial findings was that only about 15% of US troops in combat actually fired their weapons at the enemy. In no case did that ever rise above 25%, even when failing to fire placed the soldiers’ own lives in greater danger.

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Marshall concluded that most human beings have a natural aversion to killing other human beings, often reinforced by our upbringing and religious beliefs, and that turning civilians into effective combat soldiers therefore requires training and indoctrination expressly designed to override our natural respect for fellow human life. This dichotomy between human nature and killing in war is now understood to lie at the root of much of the PTSD suffered by combat veterans.

Marshall’s conclusions were incorporated into US military training, with the introduction of firing range targets that looked like enemy soldiers and deliberate indoctrination to dehumanize the enemy in soldiers’ minds. When he conducted similar research in the Korean War, Marshall found that changes in infantry training based on his work in World War II had already led to higher firing ratios.

How military indoctrination affected US soldiers in Iraq and Afghanistan

That trend continued in Vietnam and more recent US wars. Part of the shocking brutality of the US hostile military occupation of Iraq stemmed directly from the dehumanizing indoctrination of the US occupation forces, which included falsely linking Iraq to the 9/11 terrorist crimes in the US and labeling Iraqis who resisted the US invasion and occupation of their country as “terrorists.”

A Zogby poll of US forces in Iraq in February 2006 found that 85% of US troops believed their mission was to “retaliate for Saddam’s role in the 9/11 attacks,” and 77% believed that the primary reason for the war was to “stop Saddam from protecting al Qaeda in Iraq.” This was all pure fiction, cut from whole cloth by propagandists in Washington. Three years into the US occupation, the Pentagon was still misleading US troops to falsely link Iraq with 9/11.

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The impact of this dehumanization was also borne out by court-martial testimony in the rare cases when US troops were prosecuted for killing Iraqi civilians. In a court-martial at Camp Pendleton in California in July 2007, a corporal testifying for the defense told the court he did not see the cold-blooded killing of an innocent civilian as a summary execution. “I see it as killing the enemy,” he told the court, adding, “Marines consider all Iraqi men part of the insurgency.”

War in the age of Iraq syndrome

US combat deaths in Iraq and Afghanistan (6,257 killed) were only a fraction of the US combat death toll in Vietnam (47,434) or Korea (33,686), and an even smaller fraction of the nearly 300,000 Americans killed in World War II. In every case, other countries suffered much heavier death tolls.

And yet, US casualties in Iraq and Afghanistan provoked waves of political blowback in the US, leading to military recruitment problems that persist today. The US government responded by shifting away from wars involving large deployments of US ground troops to a greater reliance on proxy wars and aerial bombardment.

After the end of the Cold War, the US military-industrial complex and political class thought they had “kicked the Vietnam syndrome,” and that, freed from the danger of provoking World War III with the Soviet Union, they could now use military force without restraint to consolidate and expand US global power. These ambitions crossed party lines, from Republican “neoconservatives” to Democratic hawks like Madeleine Albright, Hillary Clinton and Joe Biden. 

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In a speech at the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR) in October 2000, a month before winning a seat in the US Senate, Hillary Clinton echoed her mentor Madeleine Albright’s infamous rejection of the “Powell Doctrine” of limited war.

“There is a refrain …” Clinton declared, “that we should intervene with force only when we face splendid little wars that we surely can win, preferably by overwhelming force in a relatively short period of time. To those who believe we should become involved only if it is easy to do, I think we have to say that America has never and should not ever shy away from the hard task if it is the right one.”

During the question-and-answer session, a banking executive in the audience challenged Clinton on that statement. “I wonder if you think that every foreign country — the majority of countries — would actually welcome this new assertiveness, including the one billion Muslims that are out there,” he asked, “and whether or not there isn’t some grave risk to the United States in this — what I would say, not new internationalism, but new imperialism?”

When the aggressive war policy promoted by the neocons and Democratic hawks crashed and burned in Iraq and Afghanistan, this should have prompted a serious rethink of their wrongheaded assumptions about the impact of aggressive and illegal uses of US military force. 

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Instead, the response of the US political class to the blowback from its catastrophic wars in Iraq and Afghanistan was simply to avoid large deployments of US ground forces or “boots on the ground.” They instead embraced the use of devastating bombing and artillery campaigns in Afghanistan, Mosul in Iraq and Raqqa in Syria, and wars fought by proxies, with full, “ironclad” US support, in Libya, Syria, Iraq, Yemen and now Ukraine and Palestine.

The absence of large numbers of US casualties in these wars kept them off the front pages back home and avoided the kind of political blowback generated by the wars in Vietnam and Iraq. The lack of media coverage and public debate meant that most Americans knew very little about these more recent wars — until the shocking atrocity of the genocide in Gaza finally started to crack the wall of silence and indifference.

Proxy wars are no less destructive than other wars

The results of these US proxy wars are, predictably, no less catastrophic than the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. The US domestic political impacts have been mitigated, but the real-world impacts in the countries and regions involved are as deadly, destructive and destabilizing as ever, undermining US “soft power” and pretensions to global leadership in the eyes of much of the world. 

In fact, these policies have widened the yawning gulf between the worldview of ill-informed Americans who cling to the view of their country as a country at peace and a force for good in the world, and people in other countries, especially in the Global South, who are ever more outraged by the violence, chaos and poverty caused by the aggressive projection of US military and economic power, whether by US wars, proxy wars, bombing campaigns, coups or economic sanctions.

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Now, the US-backed wars in Palestine and Ukraine are provoking growing public dissent among America’s partners in these wars. Israel’s recovery of six more dead hostages in Rafah led Israeli labor unions to call widespread strikes, insisting that the administration prioritize the lives of the Israeli hostages over its desire to keep killing Palestinians and destroying Gaza. 

In Ukraine, an expanded military draft has failed to overcome the reality that most young Ukrainians do not want to kill and die in an endless, unwinnable war. Hardened veterans see new recruits much as Siegfried Sassoon described the British conscripts he was training in November 1916 in Memoirs of an Infantry Officer: “The raw material to be trained was growing steadily worse. Most of those who came in now had joined the Army unwillingly, and there was no reason why they should find military service tolerable.”

Several months later, with the help of Bertrand Russell, Sassoon wrote Finished With War: A Soldier’s Declaration, an open letter accusing the political leaders who had the power to end the war of deliberately prolonging it. The letter was published in newspapers and read aloud in parliament. It ended, “On behalf of those who are suffering now, I make this protest against the deception which is being practiced upon them; also I believe it may help to destroy the callous complacency with which the majority of those at home regard the continuance of agonies which they do not share and which they have not enough imagination to realize.”  

As Israeli and Ukrainian leaders see their political support crumbling, Israeli Prime Minister Netanyahu and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy are taking increasingly desperate risks, all the while insisting that the US must come to their rescue. By “leading from behind,” US leaders have surrendered the initiative to these foreign leaders, who will keep pushing the United States to make good on its promises of unconditional support, which will sooner or later include sending young American troops to kill and die alongside their own. 

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Proxy war has failed to resolve the problem it was intended to solve. Instead of acting as an alternative to ground wars involving US forces, US proxy wars have spawned ever-escalating crises that are now making US wars with Iran and Russia increasingly likely.

Neither the changes to US military training since World War II nor the current US strategy of proxy war have resolved the age-old contradiction between killing in war and our natural respect for human life. We have come full circle, back to this same historic crossroads, where we must once again make the fateful, unambiguous choice between the path of war and the path of peace.

If we choose war, or allow our leaders and their foreign friends to choose it for us, we must be ready, as military experts tell us, to once more send tens of thousands of young Americans to their deaths, while also risking escalation to a nuclear war that would kill us all. 

If we truly choose peace, we must actively resist our political leaders’ schemes to repeatedly manipulate us into war. We must refuse to volunteer our bodies and those of our children and grandchildren as their cannon fodder, or allow them to shift that fate onto our neighbors, friends and “allies” in other countries. 

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We must insist that our mis-leaders instead recommit to diplomacy, negotiation and other peaceful means of resolving disputes with other countries, as the UN Charter, the real “rules-based order,” in fact requires.

The views expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not necessarily reflect Fair Observer’s editorial policy.

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Is Starbucks app down for US customers trying to access Holiday Menu 2024?- The Week

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Is Starbucks app down for US customers trying to access Holiday Menu 2024?- The Week

Several Starbucks customers in the United States complained that they were unable to place orders through its mobile app on Thursday — the first day of the coffee chain’s holiday menu. However, Starbucks later claimed that the issue was resolved.

From ordering beverages to buying reusable cups and merchandise, multiple services offered by the Starbucks app were unavailable, US citizens claimed on social media. They were asked to place their order at a Starbucks store, US media reports quoted people as claiming. “We’re sorry for the inconvenience,” the message displayed by the app was headlined. “Mobile ordering is currently unavailable. Please visit one of our stores and place your order with a barista,” it further said. 

Confirming the glitch, Starbucks Care’s official handle replied to a customer stating, “we are currently experiencing a temporary outage of the order ahead and pay feature in our app. We continue to welcome and serve customers in our drive-thrus and stores.” However, the coffee chain hasn’t elaborated on the cause, nature and scale of the issue. 

The response was given to a user called Chritine D, who asked, “is the app down? first day of Christmas at Bucks and my app with ALL my stars won’t work?” 

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According to a Business Insider news report, a platform tracking website outages found several users reporting problems with the Starbucks app around 8 a.m. local time. It coincided with the time most Americans tried to order their morning coffee. The media house, in an online article, mentioned that its staff in  Washington, DC, and New York City offices tried to place orders using the app but failed.

As a part of the ‘Starbucks Holiday Menu 2024’, the company is offering Cran-Merry Orange Lemonade Refreshe, Cran-Merry Orange Refresher, Peppermint Mocha, Iced Gingerbread Oatmilk Chai and Turkey Sage Danish among other items. CLICK HERE TO ACCESS FULL MENU

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The world of legal ‘cannabis’ and how it is getting popular in India- The Week

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The world of legal ‘cannabis’ and how it is getting popular in India- The Week

Welcome to the world of Cannabidiol or CBD, derived from plants like Cannabis Sativa and Cannabis Indica that we better know by names ranging from marijuana and hemp, or simply, by its variant, ganja.

But CBD refers to the medicinal products derived from the plant. Administered as oils, tinctures or even as a neat capsule, CBD is a bonafide medicine whose popularity has been on the upswing in India in recent times — so much so that that there are over 20 CBD-focused medicine manufacturers in the country, with top players like Bombay Hemp Company, Awshad and Indian Hemp Organics (IHO). 

“With more people seeking natural remedies for conditions like pain, anxiety, and insomnia, demand for safe, effective CBD products is rising,” said Richa, co-founder of Awshad. 

Richa ventured into cannabis-based medicines and pain relievers after witnessing the agony and struggle of her beloved pet dog Champ, as he went through a slow, agonising death due to cancer.

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“Witnessing his pain inspired me to explore plant-based wellness, leading me to co-found Awshad with Shivam in 2021,” Richa said.

CBD is used for pain, anxiety, insomnia and inflammation, coming in various forms, ranging from full-spectrum of the tetrahydrocannabinol (the main psychotropic part of the cannabis plant), broad spectrum and isolate forms, the levels strictly regulated for medical formulations.

Of course, let’s put any mistaken notion of morality and civics to rest, right away. Cannabis and its various forms of psychoactive substances have been culturally and an intrinsic part of Indian history and social life for centuries, ranging from the mythologies down to lifestyles and festive observations. They were regulated only in the mid-1980s in the country with the draconian Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances (Prevention) Act 1985, commonly known as NDPS. The act came mainly after major pressure from the Reagan-era USA, which was then struggling under an influx of cocaine and other chemical drugs easily smuggled in from Latin America. 

More worryingly, such trade was also increasingly seen to be financing terrorism and the mafia in many parts of the world. While nations of the world cracked down, a natural Indian healer ended up as the big casualty.

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However, the CBD formulation we are talking about is completely legal, a Schedule E-1 drug that is regulated by the Ministry of AYUSH as well as state excise departments. The products are officially allowed on prescriptions and for therapeutic use only, with the cannabis sourced from government-approved farms in Madhya Pradesh, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh, which are strictly regulated and monitored.

“The scope of medical cannabis in India is growing immensely as awareness of its therapeutic benefits expands with our efforts and other companies on educating customers,” added Richa. 

In recent years, recreational cannabis, too, is getting legalised by an increasing number of countries, including Canada, Thailand, many states in the US as well as many countries in Europe. A discussion paper asking comments whether to legalise cannabis and the like is pending with the union government. An expert committee in Himachal Pradesh last year recommended that cannabis be legalised in the state, to generate revenue and create employment.

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The Turkish holiday hotspot with turtles, mud baths visited by Cleopatra and stunning all-inclusive hotel

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We spent a week in Sarigerme, on Turkey’s Dalaman coast

WADING out of the sea, my daughter Riley is breathless with excitement as she tells me a huge turtle has just floated under her as she was swimming.

Bearing in mind she is 13 and rarely excited by anything these days, it’s clearly an impressive sight.

We spent a week in Sarigerme, on Turkey’s Dalaman coast

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We spent a week in Sarigerme, on Turkey’s Dalaman coast
Look out for Loggerheads at turtle beach

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Look out for Loggerheads at turtle beach

That is just one of many things that will wow us on our week in Sarigerme, on Turkey’s Dalaman coast.

It’s been almost three decades since I last visited Turkey – on a girls’ holiday to tourist hot spot Marmaris.

This time, I’ve picked the four-star Tui Blue Tropical, just 20 minutes’ drive from Dalaman airport, for a getaway with my husband Alistair and our twins Riley and Harris.

Here, a marble-clad lobby leads out to the pool area, where you’ll find low-rise buildings housing 500 rooms.

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Our junior suite is close to the pool, but not too close to be noisy.

There’s one bedroom with a king-size bed, while two sofas in the living area turn into beds come night.

A spacious balcony overlooks tranquil gardens, while the bathroom comes with a power shower, bathrobes and slippers.

All you can eat

We soon establish that people are up early to get the best sunbeds, but manage to nab a few close to the bustling restaurant by the main pool (there are seven to choose from) and spend the afternoon riding the two water slides and eating vanilla and strawberry ice cream.

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At breakfast, we enjoy everything from freshly cooked waffles and pancakes to sausages, bacon and eggs in the main restaurant.

For lunch, we opt for the pool eatery, feasting on a delicious assortment of fresh salads and fish straight from the grill, and it feels super-healthy (other than the glass of white to wash it down).

Discover Urla: Turkey’s Hidden Gem for Wine and Cuisine

Anyone with children knows the joy of an all-inclusive – especially with teens who never seem to stop eating.

My two tuck into pizza, pasta, grilled chicken and salad, accompanied by smoothies.

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In the evening, it’s back to the buffet, with its variety of themed nights, including Chinese and Italian.

But the Turkish kebabs, houmous, meatballs and delicious breads are all a hit, and the huge selection of Insta-worthy desserts on offer are also a winner.

After dinner, the resort is always buzzing with entertainment – from live music to acrobats and discos, as well as several Turkish-bazaar-style shops to explore.

The kids pick up cheap football shirts, while a Louis Vuitton Neverfull dupe costs me £24, as opposed to the designer handbag price of £1.4k, and it’s pretty hard to tell the difference!

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Our favourite place by far, though, is the pristine stretch of sandy beach, with its clear-blue waters.

The nearby beach bar plays cool tunes and serves up a cocktail of the day at 4.30pm to sip from our loungers.

Fresh seafood hits the spot in Sarigerme

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Fresh seafood hits the spot in Sarigerme
Alistair, Riley, Sinead and Harris get stuck in at the mud baths

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Alistair, Riley, Sinead and Harris get stuck in at the mud baths

Some afternoons, I even manage a much-needed exercise class, such as a HIIT and yoga, while morning football goes down a treat with Harris.

There is also daily beach volleyball with the Tui reps, which proves very competitive!

Water activities include parasailing and banana boats – we brave the inflatable and it’s an experience to remember.

A river runs through it

The hotel’s beachfront is not the only place to spot turtles.

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Midweek, we take an excursion down the River Dalyan on an eco boat, which costs £49 for adults, £28 for children.

It’s a brilliant way to see a completely different side of Turkey, taking in luscious vegetation, beautiful homes and luxe hotels along the riverbank.

Our first destination is the Dalyan Mud Baths, which claim to have anti-ageing properties and is said to have been visited by Cleopatra to maintain her beauty.

The smell of sulphur hits as soon as we pull up, and it takes some persuasion to get Riley and Harris into the mud pool, where we all cover ourselves in what seems very similar to potent green slime.

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After we’ve let the mud dry in the sun, it’s time for a hose down, before a dip in a warm sulphur pool, followed by a cleansing shower.

It’s all great fun, though my bikini has never been the same again and I’m not quite convinced I look any younger!

Back on the boat, we spot a few ancient rock tombs carved into the cliffs by the Lycian civilisation, before stopping at Iztuzu Beach, nicknamed Turtle Beach after the endangered loggerhead turtles that nest here.

We feed several that are swimming around the boats with crab claws, before a spot of sunbathing and a refreshing swim.

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Later that evening, when we’ve made sure we are totally mud-free, we walk the 2km into the village of Sarigerme and wander the winding streets.

In quaint little eatery Dorya, we feast on fresh calamari, £3, fillet of sea bass, £7.60, and a huge salad, £1.80, before popping into a few of the village shops to admire the colourful crockery.

I only wish I could fit some in my suitcase!

Before we know it, it’s time to fly home and say goodbye to one of the loveliest places we’ve ever been.

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  • Seven nights for a family of four at Tui Blue Tropical cost from £879 per person (Tui.co.uk).
Drift down the Dalyan River

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Drift down the Dalyan River
Find all you need from bliss to buffets at Tui Blue Tropical

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Find all you need from bliss to buffets at Tui Blue Tropical
Rock out at the cliffside Lycian tombs

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Rock out at the cliffside Lycian tombs

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I visited Ireland’s ‘ancient capital’ an hour from London – with seafront pubs and Viking experiences

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At Trim Castle a guided tour starts at just £2.50 and it is free to explore the grounds

I FEEL about six years old, hands and knees covered in thick mud, as I emerge from a tunnel only big enough to crawl through, first used by Christian settlers more than 1,200 years ago to escape Viking raids.

I’m at Knowth, the world’s largest passage tomb, just 20 minutes north of Dublin in Ireland’s Boyne Valley.

At Trim Castle a guided tour starts at just £2.50 and it is free to explore the grounds

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At Trim Castle a guided tour starts at just £2.50 and it is free to explore the groundsCredit: Alamy
The ancient sites of Newgrange, Knowth and Howth were built 5,000 years ago for the burial of around half a dozen 'god-like' people

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The ancient sites of Newgrange, Knowth and Howth were built 5,000 years ago for the burial of around half a dozen ‘god-like’ peopleCredit: Supplied
Plenty to sea at Annagassan Harbour

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Plenty to sea at Annagassan HarbourCredit: Meath County Council
Mel Gibson in Braveheart

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Mel Gibson in BraveheartCredit: Alamy

The ancient sites of Newgrange, Knowth and Howth were built 5,000 years ago for the burial of around half a dozen “god-like” people.

Our tour guide explains that the monuments, older than the Egyptian pyramids and Stonehenge, were built like giant lasagnes, with huge stones piled one on top of the other.

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Known as the birthplace of Ireland’s ancient east, the Boyne Valley is ideal for exploring Ireland’s history and tradition — without travelling too far from Dublin Airport.

After my ancient sites tour, I headed to Causey Farm in Fordstown, which offers groups of tourists the chance to “be Irish for the day” for as little as £12pp.

Arriving to the homely smell of a wood-burning stove, I’m shown how to make Irish soda bread, before moving on to a lesson on the traditional Irish drum, known as a bodhrán (pronounced bow-ran).

Next comes a tour of the animals — I get to meet a fluffy, ten-week-old border collie that melts my heart, as well as a slightly less charming (actually terrifying) pig, some alpacas and rabbits.

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The visit finishes with farmer Matt Murtagh demonstrating how his sheepdog Crick effortlessly corrals a herd of sheep wherever he demands, at one point playfully running the herd inches from me.

The Boyne Valley is also ripe with history — it’s the setting for the 1995 Mel Gibson film Braveheart and where the Battle of the Boyne was fought between deposed King James II and the newly crowned King William III in 1690.

At Trim Castle, a guided tour starts at just £2.50 and it is free to explore the grounds.

We get to climb right to the roof, stopping to see key rooms along the way, with walls covered in 18th century graffiti — a John Gibney marked his name in 1760.

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Aer Lingus launch new direct flight to popular stateside destination from Dublin Airport

We’re then shown the chapel where the priests’ ornate wash basin can still be seen, and there’s even a medieval toilet (read hole in the floor) — lucky us!

If history isn’t your thing, Park Beo, an adventure base in Wilkinstown, offers a “gateway” to the Lakelands Greenway — a cycle path stretching 18 miles along an old railway line from Navan to Kingscourt — as well as shops selling everything from cheese toasties to cherry bakewells produced by a local.

With a huge car park, it acts as space to service visitors who want to head out for a walk with a fresh takeaway coffee.

There’s also a bi- cycle hire office with bikes and e-bikes to rent from £8.30 an hour.

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If you prefer a seafront amble, this region boasts miles of impressive coastline.

The village of Annagassan, a former Viking settlement, has breathtaking coastal views, with a dramatic tide perfect for razor clams.

Seafood banquet

You can sample them fresh at local joint, The Glyde Inn, a charming 18th-century pub with roaring fires and an award-winning restaurant with panoramic sea views.

For something extra special, the family-run Irish National Pub of the Year award winner offers a dinner-and-show style “Viking VR Experience” for £50pp.

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Each ticket gets you a pint of Irish Pale Ale, brewed down the road, as well as a ten-minute VR show of what the area would have looked like at the time of the Vikings in 841 AD, when Bjorn the Great was in charge of the settlement there.

Then comes the main event, a seafood banquet of whatever has been caught that day.

I was served Carlingford oysters and crab and butter-coated razor clams to start, followed by a main course of black sole with wilted sea beech foraged just outside the restaurant’s patio doors, served alongside a creamy sea radish mash.

Try to book for late afternoon, as from 5.30pm to 6.30pm each day a live band plays traditional music.

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It’s the perfect ending to any Irish adventure.

GO: BOYNE VALLEY

GETTING THERE: Aer Lingus offers nine daily flights from Heathrow to Dublin at £59.99 each way.

See aerlingus.com.

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STAYING THERE: Double rooms at the 4H Trim Castle Hotel in Meath from £100 per night.

See trimcastle.com.

The Headfort Arms Hotel in Kells has rooms from £82 per night.

See headfortarms.ie.

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MORE INFO: See discoverboynevalley.ie.

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Eurowings adds access to four new lounges

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Eurowings adds access to four new lounges

BIZclass passengers and HON Circle and Senator status members will now have access to lounges in Palma de Mallorca, Dubai, Cairo and Jeddah

Continue reading Eurowings adds access to four new lounges at Business Traveller.

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Sunday Number 66: Numbers Puzzle

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Sunday Number 66: Numbers Puzzle

Sunday Number 66: Numbers Puzzle

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