Crypto World
The real race isn’t Bitcoin vs. Ethereum. It’s the US vs. China on digital money
While crypto Twitter argues about Bitcoin versus Ethereum, two superpowers are quietly running a different race. The United States is using dollar-backed stablecoins to extend the dollar’s reach into every corner of the digital economy. China is using its e-CNY and the mBridge platform to build an alternative settlement system that bypasses the dollar entirely. The outcome will shape the next century of global finance. And almost nobody outside policy circles is paying attention.
Summary
- The United States has used dollar-backed stablecoins and the GENIUS Act to expand the dollar’s role across global digital payments and crypto networks.
- China has accelerated cross-border use of the eCNY through mBridge and new interest-bearing wallet policies tied to its state-controlled digital currency system.
- Despite de-dollarization efforts from BRICS nations, dollar-pegged stablecoins still dominate global digital settlement activity and reinforce demand for U.S. dollar assets.
The argument that misses the actual fight
Open any crypto publication this year, and you will find some version of the same debate. Bitcoin maximalists versus Ethereum supporters. Solana versus Ethereum. Layer ones versus layer twos. The tribal warfare is loud, it is entertaining, and it is mostly beside the point.
While that argument fills the timelines, a different and far more consequential race is being run by people who do not post memes. The United States Treasury and the People’s Bank of China are competing to define what money looks like for the next century. They are doing it in plain sight, in policy documents and central bank press releases, with two completely different theories of the case.
The American theory: extend the dollar’s reach into every digital corner of the global economy by privatizing it, regulating it, and shipping it on open networks. The Chinese theory: build a sovereign digital currency under direct state control, and link it together with friendly central banks into a parallel settlement system that does not need American rails at all.
This is the real race. It will decide whether the global financial system of the 2030s and 2040s stays dollar-denominated and U.S.-administered, or whether it splits into competing blocs with different reserve assets, different settlement rails, and different rules. The stakes are not the price of a token. They are the architecture of money itself.
What the United States is actually doing
The American strategy is easier to miss because it is being run by the private sector with regulatory blessing rather than by a central bank. But the strategy is explicit, and it has been spelled out at the highest levels of the U.S. Treasury.
The instrument is the stablecoin. The framework is the GENIUS Act, signed into law in July 2025. The thesis was stated bluntly by Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent: stablecoins are a way to “extend the dollar’s reach” in decentralized finance and cross-border payments. Crypto commentator Arthur Hayes has put it more starkly. Stablecoins, in his framing, work as on-ramps that redirect offshore liquidity into U.S. Treasury bills. Every USDT or USDC in circulation requires reserves, and those reserves sit mostly in dollar-denominated assets. Tether alone now holds roughly $113 billion in U.S. Treasuries as of Q1 2026. The stablecoin sector, in aggregate, has become one of the largest non-sovereign buyers of U.S. government debt.
This is not an accident. It is the strategy. By making it easy, legal, and trusted to hold a dollar-pegged token on any blockchain in the world, the United States has effectively privatized dollar issuance and shipped it through global crypto networks. A small-business owner in Lagos who takes payment in USDT, a remittance recipient in Manila who saves in USDC, and a Lebanese citizen who holds stablecoins because the local currency is collapsing are each, without knowing it, deepening dollar penetration into their local economies. They are also indirectly financing the U.S. Treasury market.
The numbers are now large. Fiat-backed stablecoin supply crossed $319 billion in April 2026. Adjusted transaction volume hit $10.9 trillion in 2025, with some estimates putting total settlement volume past $33 trillion, more than Visa. Roughly ninety-nine percent of fiat-backed stablecoin value is pegged to the dollar. The euro, the yuan, the yen, and every other currency together account for the remaining one percent. In digital money, the dollar is not winning. It has, so far, lapped the field.
The genius of this approach, from the U.S. perspective, is that it works without the political baggage of a U.S. central bank digital currency. There is no Federal Reserve digital dollar to argue about. There is no surveillance state implication. There is only a regulated private sector building products that happen to pour offshore savings into U.S. debt and pull the global digital economy toward dollar-denominated settlement. The state does not have to build the rails. It just has to make them legal and trusted.
The GENIUS Act is the legal scaffolding. It defines payment stablecoins as a distinct regulated category, requires one-to-one reserve backing in high-quality liquid assets, opens issuance to banks under OCC supervision, and creates a U.S.-supervised path that competes structurally with foreign stablecoins. Tether’s planned U.S. domestic stablecoin launch fits this pattern. So does the Trump administration’s USD1 stablecoin, marketed openly as a “digital dollar for the world.” The U.S. is not building one digital dollar. It is building an entire ecosystem of them, each privately issued, each pushing toward the same outcome.
What China is actually doing
China is running a different play, executed by the state directly and aimed at a different goal.
The e-CNY, the digital yuan, is the world’s largest live central bank digital currency. By late 2025, cumulative transaction value had crossed $2.3 trillion. Twenty-nine pilot cities have integrated it into public transit and retail. 180 million wallets have been created. Domestic adoption still trails Alipay and WeChat Pay, but the gap is closing, and on January 1, 2026, the People’s Bank of China made a structural change that rewrote the asset’s economic logic.
Until that date, the e-CNY was classified as M0, basically digital cash, and could not earn interest. From January 1, 2026, banks are permitted to pay interest on verified digital yuan wallets, and the e-CNY is treated as a deposit-like instrument with commercial banks as counterparties. The currency is now covered by China’s national deposit insurance. In plain language: the e-CNY went from a digital substitute for paper money to a digital substitute for a bank account. The incentive to hold it just got dramatically larger.
That domestic change is half the story. The other half is happening across borders.
Project mBridge, the cross-border CBDC platform jointly developed by the People’s Bank of China, the Bank for International Settlements, and the central banks of Thailand, the UAE, and Hong Kong, processed over $55 billion in transactions by late 2025. The e-CNY accounts for more than 95 percent of mBridge settlement volume. Cross-border e-CNY activity overall reached roughly $2.38 trillion by November 2025, an 800 percent expansion since 2023. China launched its e-CNY International Operation Center in Shanghai in September 2025. Pan Gongsheng, the PBOC governor, has explicitly framed the goal as building “a more multi-polar monetary system less vulnerable to politicization.” It is a polite way of saying: a system the United States cannot weaponize.
The expansion is mapped. The PBOC’s 2026 work plan includes new cross-border pilots with Singapore, Thailand, Hong Kong, the UAE, and Saudi Arabia. A retail e-CNY pilot is now operating in Laos, where Chinese tourists can scan QR codes at participating local merchants and settle directly in digital yuan. The 15th Five-Year Plan (2026-2030) explicitly mandates active participation in international digital-currency governance. A new e-CNY measurement, management, and ecosystem framework took effect on January 1, 2026.
The pattern is consistent. China is building a digital settlement system that is sovereign, state-controlled, interest-bearing, and designed to operate at the edges of its trade and political alliances. It does not need to displace the dollar globally. It needs to offer a credible alternative for the share of the world economy that already does business inside China’s orbit, or that wants the option not to depend on U.S. payment infrastructure. That is a smaller target than “replace the dollar,” and a much more achievable one.
The paradox at the heart of the race
Here is where the story gets interesting, and where most coverage gets it wrong.
The de-dollarization push has not been a clean fight. The BRICS bloc, now expanded with Indonesia and partner status for nations from Belarus to Vietnam, represents close to forty percent of global GDP by purchasing power parity. Russia and China settle around ninety percent of their bilateral trade in rubles and yuan. The dollar’s share of BRICS trade has fallen from 79 percent in 2022 to 58 percent by mid-2025. BRICS Pay and mBridge are building a real alternative payment infrastructure. The political will to escape the dollar is the strongest it has been in decades.
And yet the dollar’s overall position has, on the most important metrics, strengthened.
The Bank for International Settlements’ 2025 Triennial Survey, the most authoritative measure of global currency usage, found the dollar was on one side of 89.2 percent of all foreign exchange transactions in April 2025, up from 88.4 percent in 2022. The renminbi’s share rose to 8.5 percent, a meaningful increase, but still a fraction of the dollar’s. The dollar’s reserve share has dropped gradually, from 72 percent in 2001 to roughly 58 percent in 2026, but the pace is erosion, not collapse.
The paradox is that stablecoins, the very instrument that lets a Russian importer or an Iranian merchant settle a transaction without touching the U.S. banking system, are themselves overwhelmingly dollar-pegged. Ninety-seven percent of the stablecoin market is denominated in dollars. So when a BRICS-aligned exporter in Brazil sells soybeans to a buyer in the UAE and they choose to settle in stablecoins to avoid U.S. correspondent banking, they are still, in effect, transacting in dollars. They have escaped American banks. They have not escaped the dollar.
This is the contradiction at the heart of the de-dollarization movement, and the unstated reason the U.S. is comfortable with stablecoins extending into hostile jurisdictions. Even the workarounds reinforce the system. As Tether’s CEO Paolo Ardoino has argued, stablecoins like USDT reinforce dollar hegemony precisely by offering a decentralized alternative that happens to be dollar-pegged. The political instinct to flee the dollar runs straight into the practical reality that no other currency offers comparable depth, liquidity, or trust.
The economist Brad Setser at the Council on Foreign Relations has flagged a related paradox. U.S. policy that tries to coerce countries into using the dollar, through tariff threats or sanctions, may actually speed up the search for alternatives. The dollar’s strength comes partly from being the path of least resistance. The moment it becomes a path of political compulsion, more actors will pay the cost of building around it.
The Trump administration’s repeated tariff threats against BRICS members for “de-dollarization” arguably did more to motivate alternative-payment-system construction than any Russian or Chinese initiative could have on its own.
So the race is not as simple as U.S. versus China. It is a contest in which the dominant power, the United States, is winning on infrastructure expansion while at the same time creating the political conditions that push counterparties to keep building alternatives. And it is one in which the challenger, China, is building a real, scaled alternative for a narrower slice of the world even as its broader currency, the renminbi, stays structurally constrained by capital controls and limited convertibility.
What the EU and the rest of the world are doing
The two-power framing of “U.S. versus China” is the loudest version of the race, but it is not complete. Two other actors matter.
The European Union has its own model, anchored by the Markets in Crypto-Assets regulation (MiCA), which has been in phased application since 2024. MiCA created a comprehensive licensing regime for stablecoin issuers operating in the EU and is widely considered the most carefully designed regulatory framework of the three. The European Central Bank is also developing a digital euro on a slower timeline, with implementation realistically running into 2027 and beyond. The euro’s share of global FX reserves has actually grown in 2025 as central banks diversify out of dollars, but the eurozone’s structural weakness, a shared currency without a shared treasury, limits how far the digital euro can carry the bloc’s monetary ambitions.
Other CBDC projects are real but smaller. The Bahamas, Jamaica, and Nigeria have launched retail CBDCs with mixed adoption. India’s UPI-linked CBDC pilot is one of the most operationally significant in the developing world. The UK and Japan are advancing slowly on their own digital currency designs. None of these projects threatens the dollar-yuan binary, but several stretch the architecture of state-backed digital money beyond the two superpowers.
The most interesting wildcard is the Global South. Stablecoins, particularly USDT, have quietly become a de facto financial layer in dozens of countries where local currencies are weak or banking is shallow. The 400 million-plus users who now rely on dollar-backed stablecoins are mostly outside the U.S., and many are in jurisdictions where their own governments would, politically, prefer they not use the dollar. The American digital-dollar empire is being built largely by people who do not live in America.
What actually matters from here
Three things to watch over the next two to three years will tell you which way this race is bending.
The first is how the e-CNY’s interest-bearing transition affects cross-border adoption. If digital yuan deposits become an attractive store of value in countries that already do significant trade with China, the dollar’s grip on those corridors weakens. If the transition is mostly a domestic event and the e-CNY remains a thin layer for cross-border trade between China and a handful of allies, the dollar holds.
The second is whether the United States can keep stablecoin expansion uncoupled from political backlash. The Hudson Institute and other Washington policy shops are openly arguing for stablecoin promotion as a counter to BRICS. That framing, useful in policy memos, becomes a liability the moment foreign governments start to see USD-pegged stablecoins as instruments of U.S. strategy rather than neutral infrastructure. The current strategy works because it does not look like a strategy. The moment it does, the political costs of using it rise sharply in target jurisdictions.
The third is the technology layer. The next decade of payments will involve programmable money, AI agents transacting on their own, tokenized real-world assets, and settlement networks that move money in seconds at near-zero cost. The system that wins those use cases at scale wins the next layer of finance. The U.S. has more developer momentum, more capital, and more open networks. China has more state coordination, more captive trade flows, and a willingness to mandate adoption that no democratic system can match. Both edges matter.
What this means in the end
The crypto industry has spent a decade explaining itself to outsiders as a fight between competing technologies. Bitcoin or Ethereum. Proof-of-work or proof-of-stake. Layer one or layer two. Those are interesting debates, and they will continue. But they are debates inside a smaller story.
The bigger story is that two states have realized digital money is now a geopolitical instrument, and they are competing to define what it looks like. The United States is using regulated private stablecoins to spread the dollar at internet speed into the global digital economy. China is using a state-issued, interest-bearing digital currency and a parallel settlement network to build an exit ramp for the share of world commerce that wants one. Every other digital money story is, in one way or another, downstream of those two strategies.
For an investor, the implication is that the assets sitting closest to that geopolitical contest, dollar stablecoin issuers, infrastructure providers, payment rails, on/off-ramp networks, will likely matter more over the next decade than the latest layer-one token battle. For a holder of any cryptocurrency, the implication is that the regulatory environment your asset operates in is being shaped by considerations far larger than crypto itself. The CLARITY Act will pass or not pass partly based on how policymakers read the U.S.-China contest. The GENIUS Act was already passed partly because of it.
For everyone else, the implication is simpler. The future of money is being decided right now, not in white papers or token launches but in central bank press releases and Treasury speeches. The next time you read a thread about whether Bitcoin or Ethereum is the future, remember that both of them will end up settling, on the margin, in dollar-pegged stablecoins or yuan-denominated CBDCs. The interesting question is not which crypto wins. It is which currency?
The race that matters is not Bitcoin versus Ethereum. It is the dollar versus the yuan, in digital form, for the architecture of how money moves for the next hundred years. And it is happening right now, while almost nobody is looking at the right scoreboard.
This article is for informational purposes and does not constitute financial or investment advice. Geopolitical and monetary policy developments evolve quickly; the figures and policy positions described reflect reporting available as of mid-May 2026. Always do your own research.
Crypto World
SEC tokenized stock plan raises exchange revenue fears
Tokenized stocks could move trading activity away from traditional exchanges as regulators weigh new rules for onchain equities.
Summary
- Tiger Research says tokenized stocks could split exchange liquidity across competing blockchain venues and platforms.
- Revenue may move offshore if exchanges lose fee control over tokenized stock trading flows globally.
- Hyperliquid’s $2.6B RWA open interest shows demand for onchain market access is rising fast globally.
Tiger Research said tokenized stocks could create two main risks for traditional markets: liquidity fragmentation and revenue fragmentation. The report linked those risks to the SEC’s reported innovation exemption, which may allow third parties to tokenize listed stocks such as Apple and Tesla without issuer approval.
The research said traditional finance treats the break-up of centralized liquidity as a “serious structural threat.” In simple terms, trading that usually sits on exchanges such as the NYSE or Nasdaq could move across several blockchain networks and decentralized venues.
That shift could create different prices for the same stock-linked asset across venues. It could also make large trades harder if buyers and sellers spread across many platforms instead of one deep market.
Revenue could move away from domestic exchanges
Tiger Research also warned that exchange revenue could split if tokenized stocks trade on competing venues. Fees that normally flow to domestic exchanges, brokers, and clearing systems could instead move to offshore platforms or new blockchain-based markets.
The report said this issue also affects national financial competitiveness. If one country delays tokenized market rules while another moves faster, trading fees and market activity can shift across borders.
This is why the SEC’s reported exemption matters. Related coverage said the SEC may allow tokenized public stocks on blockchain platforms, but tokens may need to carry the same rights as traditional shares, including dividend and voting access.
SEC Commissioner Hester Peirce has also warned that blockchain does not change the legal nature of the asset. In a July 2025 statement, she said “Tokenized securities are still securities.” She added that market participants must follow federal securities laws when dealing with tokenized instruments.
Hyperliquid shows onchain RWA demand
The shift is already visible in crypto markets. Hyperliquid said RWA trading open interest reached $2.6 billion on May 18, setting a new all-time high and doubling from two months earlier.
Tiger Research used Hyperliquid’s growth to argue that capital is already moving toward 24/7 onchain access to real-world assets. That demand puts pressure on exchanges and regulators that still rely on older trading hours, settlement systems, and venue models.
RWA.xyz data also shows that tokenized stocks remain small but active. Its dashboard lists $1.53 billion in tokenized stock value, $3.40 billion in monthly transfer volume, and more than 272,000 holders.
Exchanges are already moving onchain
Traditional exchanges are not ignoring the shift. Reuters reported in March that the NYSE partnered with Securitize to develop tokenized versions of traditional financial securities for a future NYSE-affiliated digital platform.
NYSE planned to work with Securitize on digital transfer agent standards, trade processing, and tokenized security infrastructure. Reuters also noted that U.S. exchanges, including NYSE and Nasdaq, have been increasing efforts to put stocks, bonds, and funds on blockchain rails.
The core question is now control. If tokenized stocks develop inside regulated exchange systems, traditional venues may keep part of the flow. If third-party platforms grow faster, stock trading could become more fragmented.
Crypto World
Fed chair Warsh takes helm as 2026 rate rise eyed by crypto markets
Kevin Warsh was sworn in as chair of the United States Federal Reserve, but the market’s focus quickly shifted to the policy path that will shape crypto markets and broader risk assets through 2026. The latest CME Group FedWatch data suggests investors are pricing in virtually no chance of rate cuts this year, signaling a higher-for-longer stance that could influence liquidity and risk appetite across crypto and equities.
During the swearing-in ceremony, President Donald Trump framed Warsh’s tenure as one defined by independence from the Executive Branch on monetary policy, while underscoring a belief that a booming economy should guide growth alongside inflation containment. “We want to stop inflation, but we don’t want to stop greatness,” Trump said, a line that captured the tension between price stability and growth the new administration seeks to navigate.
“We want to stop inflation, but we don’t want to stop greatness.”
Warsh inherits a policy backdrop where inflation, employment, and debt dynamics intersect with a market environment that had been pricing little relief in the near term. The Trump administration’s emphasis on growth as a lever to manage debt sits beside persistent macro uncertainty, complicating how traders read even the first signals from the new leadership at the Fed.
Key takeaways
- No rate cuts expected in 2026, based on CME FedWatch data, reinforcing a higher-for-longer policy trajectory.
- Near-term odds of a 25 basis point hike at the June meeting sit at about 3.5%, with the current federal funds target at 3.50%–3.75%.
- Probability of a rate hike at the July meeting rises to roughly 17%, and about 67% of traders expect a hike at the December meeting.
- The leadership change at the Fed comes amid inflation concerns and growth considerations, with markets parsing how the new chair’s approach will balance these forces.
- Crypto and other risk assets could face headwinds if the expected pause on rate cuts persists, as liquidity and risk sentiment remain sensitive to policy signals.
Fed leadership and policy signals
The swearing-in of Warsh as chair places the Fed at a critical inflection point. While details of his forthcoming policy communications remain to be seen, the market is already responding to the prevailing assumption that monetary easing via rate cuts is unlikely in the near term. In a regime where the Fed’s stance on inflation and growth will guide the tempo of liquidity, crypto traders are attuned to any shift in language or data that might alter the balance between price stability and economic expansion.
Trump’s remarks at the event underscored a deliberate narrative: Warsh’s independence should enable a policy path that prioritizes growth while attempting to keep inflation in check. The president’s framing, coupled with inflation and employment dynamics, creates a backdrop in which the Fed’s credibility will be tested as markets weigh the odds of future policy moves against evolving macro data releases.
Markets, rates and crypto implications
Market pricing through the CME FedWatch tool indicates a remarkably low likelihood of rate cuts in 2026. The immediate implication is a constrained environment for policy ease, which tends to support tighter financial conditions. In practice, this translates into higher real interest rates and a spotlight on the trajectory of inflation, growth signals, and debt sustainability as the Fed’s mandate remains in focus.
The June 17 FOMC meeting is seen as a potential touchpoint for a small policy adjustment, with a 3.5% probability of a 25 basis point rate hike. With the current target range at 3.50% to 3.75%, even a modest move would be read as a continuation of the higher-for-longer theme, rather than the start of a rapid easing cycle.
Beyond June, the odds shift toward a greater probability of action later in the year. A July hike carries roughly a 17% chance, while the December meeting is seen as the more likely period for a rate move, with about two-thirds of traders expecting a hike then. Taken together, the data imply a policy stance that remains tight through the year, creating a backdrop of higher borrowing costs and a slower easing pace than many crypto and equity markets had priced in during earlier cycles.
In the crypto ecosystem, this environment has a nuanced set of implications. Historically, lower interest rates have been supportive of risk-on assets, including Bitcoin and broader crypto markets, by boosting liquidity and search for yield in higher-risk corners of the market. Yet the flip side is that cheap credit can fuel inflationary pressures or misallocation if it leads to a wave of leveraged speculation. As the Fed maintains a careful watch on inflation and growth, crypto traders will be watching not only the headline rate moves but also any shifts in the Fed’s communications that could tilt expectations for the cost of capital and the availability of liquidity.
What this means for investors and builders
For investors, the current outlook reinforces the idea that capital will continue to be priced with an eye toward central bank policy and macro data. Portfolios with exposure to crypto and other risk assets may need to tolerate continued volatility as rate expectations swing with new data releases and statements from Fed leadership. The absence of imminent rate cuts suggests a period of consolidation for risk assets, even as the underlying fundamentals of blockchain networks, DeFi protocols, and institutional involvement in crypto continue to evolve.
For builders and developers in the crypto space, the environment underscores the importance of funding resilience and product-market fit independent of a passive liquidity tailwind. Projects that demonstrate real utility, robust security, and clear paths to revenue may fare better in a regime where liquidity remains tethered to policy signals, rather than a broad, rate-driven liquidity flood.
And for regulators and policymakers outside the Fed, the ongoing conversation around inflation control, debt management, and economic growth will intersect with how the crypto sector is treated within the broader financial system. As policy makers weigh the CLARITY Act and other regulatory contours, the market will assess whether legislative actions could alter the risk-and-reward dynamics that crypto projects navigate daily.
The immediate takeaway is clear: the Fed’s leadership transition arrives at a moment when policy clarity, inflation momentum, and growth trajectories will jointly shape the path of crypto and risk assets. Investors should stay attentive to the Fed’s communications, inflation prints, and any shifts in the rate-path narrative that could alter funding conditions for digital assets and their traditional counterparts.
Readers should monitor upcoming FOMC communications and macro data releases, as any hint of a policy pivot or a renewed emphasis on price stability could recalibrate sentiment across cryptocurrencies and the broader market.
Crypto World
South Korea to review 22% crypto tax repeal request as opposition grows
South Korea’s planned cryptocurrency tax has come under renewed political scrutiny after a public petition seeking its repeal cleared the signature threshold required for legislative review.
Summary
- South Korea’s proposed crypto tax repeal petition has crossed 50,000 signatures and moved to a National Assembly committee for review.
- The petition argues that taxing crypto gains while exempting stock and bond investment income creates unfair treatment for digital asset investors.
- South Korea is set to launch the 22% crypto tax in January 2027, with the National Tax Service already coordinating compliance rules with local exchanges.
According to South Korea’s National Assembly petition system, the motion surpassed 50,000 signatures at around 11:23 a.m. local time on Thursday, eight days after submission, automatically sending the proposal to a parliamentary committee for examination.
In the petition, an anonymous author argued that taxing crypto investors while exempting traditional financial investment income creates an unfair imbalance.
The motion pointed to South Korea’s decision to abolish taxes on gains from stocks and bonds, while virtual asset investors still face a planned 22% levy on annual gains above 2.5 million won, or roughly $1,650.

A translated excerpt of the petition. Source: South Korean National Assembly
Set to take effect from Jan. 1, 2027, the tax includes a 20% income tax and a 2% local income tax under South Korea’s Income Tax Act.
Earlier this month, Moon Kyung-ho, director of the Ministry of Economy and Finance’s income tax division, said during a National Assembly forum that the government intended to proceed with the tax as scheduled.
At the same time, South Korea’s National Tax Service has continued preparing implementation guidance with domestic exchanges including Upbit, Bithumb, Coinone, Korbit, and Gopax. Local reports previously said the agency plans to release detailed compliance guidelines later in 2026 before the first full filing period opens in May 2028 for income earned during 2027.
Petition raises investor protection concerns
Alongside criticism over tax fairness, the petition argued that South Korea’s crypto market still lacks sufficient investor safeguards. The motion cited fraudulent activity and poor-quality token listings as ongoing risks that authorities have not fully addressed before introducing taxation.
Translated text from the petition stated that the issue extends beyond tax rates and concerns how the government intends to treat digital assets and the future of the financial industry.
Additional criticism focused on market volatility. According to the motion, the current framework fails to properly account for large price swings that can rapidly alter investor positions.
Political disagreement over the crypto tax has delayed the measure three times already. Per earlier crypto.news reporting, lawmakers postponed implementation from 2025 to 2027 after debates over exchange infrastructure, reporting systems, and whether the 2.5 million won threshold was too low compared with other investment products.
More recently, South Korea’s People Power Party proposed legislation to abolish the tax before its scheduled rollout. However, the Finance Ministry’s latest public comments suggested authorities are still preparing for implementation unless lawmakers amend the law beforehand.
Elsewhere in South Korea’s digital asset sector, regulators have continued advancing new crypto oversight rules ahead of 2027. Earlier this month, the National Assembly passed amendments to the Foreign Exchange Transactions Act requiring firms involved in overseas crypto transfers to register with the finance minister.
Separately, the Financial Services Commission said on May 15 that it plans to release detailed tokenized securities rules in July ahead of amendments to the Capital Markets Act and Electronic Securities Act scheduled to take effect in February 2027. Samsung SDS is also building infrastructure for the Korea Securities Depository’s token securities platform as authorities prepare blockchain-based issuance and settlement systems.
Crypto World
THORChain offers hacker bounty as restart vote opens
THORChain node operators are voting on ADR028, a recovery plan that would restart the network after a $10.7 million exploit without minting new RUNE.
Summary
- THORChain’s ADR028 plan would use protocol-owned liquidity first before sharing remaining losses with synth holders.
- The proposal avoids new RUNE minting, token sales, or holder dilution while node operators vote on recovery.
- Recent DeFi exploits add pressure on THORChain to restart safely after patching its GG20 vulnerability.
THORChain said node operators are now voting on ADR028 after the May 15 incident. The proposal sets the direction for recovery, while exact figures remain open to later changes through Mimir governance.
The official exploit report said the attacker drained about $10.7 million from one of five vaults. THORChain said the attacker was a newly churned node operator who exploited a GG20 Threshold Signature Scheme vulnerability. The other four vaults were not affected.
Recovery plan avoids new RUNE
Under ADR028, protocol-owned liquidity would absorb the loss first. Any remaining shortfall would then be shared across synth holders. THORChain said the split is still being reviewed and will be adjusted later.
The proposal says no new RUNE will be minted, no RUNE will be sold, and holders will not be diluted. Protocol-owned liquidity would be reduced to zero, with part of future system income redirected to rebuild it over time.
Moreover, THORChain said GG20 will stay in place for now, but it must be patched and upgraded before trading resumes. The network will also need a successful churn before normal activity returns.
The exploit report said automatic solvency checks detected the vault imbalance within minutes. Node operators then used manual pauses and Mimir votes to halt trading, signing, chain observation, and churning within about two hours of the community alert.
Recent DeFi exploits add pressure
The THORChain vote comes after earlier reports said the protocol halted trading when ZachXBT warned that losses could top $10 million across Bitcoin, Ethereum, BSC, and Base. Related coverage noted that RUNE fell after the alert as users waited for clearer details from protocol operators.
The incident also follows a busy period for crypto exploits. Recent reports said the Verus Ethereum bridge lost more than $11.5 million after attackers used a forged cross-chain transfer message. Security firms linked that exploit to missing validation checks in the bridge process.
April also showed how heavy the pressure on DeFi security has become. Crypto protocols lost more than $606 million in the first 18 days of April, led by the $292 million KelpDAO breach and the $285 million Drift Protocol exploit.
TRM Labs also reported that North Korea-linked actors drove about 76% of global crypto hack losses in the first four months of 2026. The firm put those losses at about $577 million through April.
Attacker faces slashing and bounty offer
ADR028 proposes full slashing for the attacker’s node. THORChain said innocent nodes assigned to the same vault would be protected. Recovered RUNE would be paired with any assets recovered from the affected vault, while surplus RUNE would be burned.
The proposal also offers the attacker a bounty to return the funds. If funds are returned in part, the recovery plan would roll back by the same share. THORChain also said the protocol will remain neutral and permissionless, meaning the attacker’s swaps will not be censored once trading resumes.
The vote now gives node operators a path to approve the recovery direction. It does not finalize every number. The main test is whether THORChain can restart safely, absorb losses without new RUNE, and restore confidence after another high-profile DeFi exploit.
Crypto World
Is Pi Network’s utility push enough to lift PI price?
Pi Network is trying to link token design with real product use as PI continues to trade near the lower end of its recent range.
Summary
- Pi Network price holds near $0.153 after losing about 10% over the last seven days.
- Chengdiao Fan said token design should support user growth, engagement, feedback, and long-term utility.
- Pi’s utility push follows Protocol 23, but PI still faces weak momentum near key support.
Pi Network said founder Chengdiao Fan’s Consensus 2026 talk focused on a common problem in crypto: the gap between token design and real product innovation. The project said her session, “Aligning Web3, AI, and Blockchain for Utility,” framed tokens as tools for user growth, engagement, and long-term use.
Fan’s presentation also discussed Pi Launchpad, a proposed model for ecosystem tokens and launch mechanisms. The goal is to help products reach real users who can test, give feedback, and use tokens inside actual product experiences, rather than only trading them.
Pi Network’s own blog said Fan argued that AI has made it easier to create applications. That changes the main challenge for builders. In Pi’s view, distribution, verified users, and real usage now matter more than the ability to launch another app.
The Consensus event page used similar language. It said the session would show how Pi combines blockchain infrastructure, verified identity, and a large engaged network to support utility-driven products and AI-era business models.
PI price remains under pressure
Pi Network’s market data still shows a weak price setup. PI traded near $0.152949 on May 22, with a 24-hour range between $0.150275 and $0.153973. The token was down 10.02% over seven days and 10.14% over 30 days, according to crypto.news price data.
The same data showed Pi Network with a market cap of about $1.62 billion and a fully diluted valuation of about $2.49 billion. PI ranked #54 by market cap, with 24-hour trading volume near $11.5 million.
Pi’s longer-term price picture remains weak. The token is down more than 81% over the past year and remains far below its all-time high of $2.99, reached on Feb. 26, 2025. It is still above its all-time low of $0.131244 from Feb. 11, 2026.
Chart signals also point to limited demand. PI/USDT is trading with muted volume, while the price is struggling to reclaim the $0.17 to $0.20 zone. RSI near 35 shows weak momentum, and the MACD remains negative, keeping sellers in control for now.

Protocol 23 keeps ecosystem hopes alive
Pi Network’s utility message follows a major technical phase for the project. Recent coverage said Protocol 23 activated on May 11, shortly after the project’s Consensus 2026 appearance. The upgrade introduced full smart contract functionality to the Pi blockchain for the first time.
Earlier reports also said Pi’s co-founders used Consensus 2026 to discuss AI, online identity, and Web3 use cases. Fan spoke about utility and token design, while Nicolas Kokkalis joined a panel on proving human identity online without exposing personal data.
That timing matters because Pi is trying to move beyond its long-running mobile mining identity. Protocol 23 gives the network a path toward more programmable applications, while Pi Launchpad would support ecosystem tokens and product launches.
Still, the market has not yet priced in a clear recovery. PI needs a stronger move above $0.17 to $0.18 to weaken the bearish setup. A break below $0.15 could expose another move toward lower support.
Token design becomes Pi’s main test
Fan’s message puts Pi Network inside a wider debate about what tokens should do. Many crypto projects have used tokens mainly for fundraising, speculation, or short-term incentives. Pi is arguing that tokens should help products find users and keep them active.
That pitch fits the project’s existing focus on identity. Pi says its verified user network can help businesses reach real people at a time when AI tools can create fake users, bots, and content at scale. The project says this creates value for apps that need trusted human participation.
The challenge is execution. Utility claims only matter if developers build products that users want and if PI becomes useful inside those products. Price action shows traders remain cautious while they wait for stronger signs of demand.
Crypto World
Polymarket targets approval in Japan as global scrutiny intensifies
Polymarket has reportedly appointed a Japanese representative as the prediction market platform moves toward securing approval to operate legally in the country by 2030.
Summary
- Bloomberg reported that Polymarket has appointed a Japan representative as it works toward regulatory approval in the country by 2030.
- Japan remains on Polymarket’s restricted access list while local gambling laws continue imposing strict penalties on unauthorized betting activity.
- Expansion efforts in Japan have surfaced as regulators in India, Argentina, and parts of the U.S. continue tightening oversight on prediction markets.
According to a Friday Bloomberg report citing people familiar with the matter, Polymarket sees Japan as a long-term expansion market even as the platform remains blocked or restricted across several jurisdictions over gambling and financial compliance concerns.

Polymarket’s list of restricted countries. Source: Polymarket website.
Leading the effort is Mike Eidlin, who Bloomberg identified as the current head of Japan at Jupiter. According to the report, Eidlin has been appointed to oversee Polymarket’s local strategy as the company begins discussions around regulatory access in the country.
At present, Japan remains on Polymarket’s restricted jurisdiction list. The platform’s website states that users from the country are blocked due to “regulatory requirements and compliance with international sanctions.”
Japanese law maintains strict restrictions on gambling activity. Under the country’s Penal Code, habitual gambling can carry prison terms of up to three years, while operating gambling businesses can result in imprisonment ranging from three months to five years.
Government-approved horse racing and public lotteries remain exempt under existing rules, while pachinko parlors continue operating through a long-standing legal gray area tied to token exchange systems.
Polymarket pushes expansion amid rising regulatory pressure
Outside Japan, regulators have continued increasing scrutiny of prediction market platforms, particularly those tied to crypto-based payments and speculative contracts.
Earlier on Friday, Indian authorities blocked access to Polymarket after the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology instructed internet providers and VPN operators to restrict access to what officials classified as illegal online betting and prediction market services. Local outlet ThePrint reported that authorities are also preparing similar action against Kalshi, a U.S.-regulated prediction platform overseen by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission.
Regulatory documents tied to India’s Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Act 2025 have categorized platforms that allow users to place money on uncertain outcomes as prohibited betting services, regardless of whether operators describe them as forecasting tools or researching markets.
Pressure has surfaced in other regions as well. Earlier this year, authorities in Argentina ordered internet providers to block Polymarket after a Buenos Aires court found the platform operated outside the country’s gambling framework. Colombia and Romania imposed similar restrictions last year after classifying the service as unauthorized gambling activity.
At the same time, parts of the U.S. have also moved against prediction markets tied to sports contracts. Minnesota recently became the first U.S. state to ban prediction markets, while the CFTC and the Department of Justice filed a lawsuit earlier this week challenging the state’s legislation.
Even with growing regulatory pushback, Polymarket has continued expanding its institutional presence.
Earlier this month, the company partnered with Nasdaq Private Market to launch prediction markets linked to private-company valuations, IPO timelines, and secondary-market pricing. Under the agreement, Nasdaq Private Market serves as the resolution data provider for those contracts using verified transaction data tied to private companies.
Reuters previously reported that Polymarket has also been exploring a fresh funding round that could value the company at roughly $15 billion.
Back in the U.S., Polymarket has also returned through its acquisition of federally regulated derivatives exchange QCEX. Bloomberg and other outlets have reported that the company remains in talks with the CFTC as it seeks to restore broader access to its main exchange operations in the country.
Crypto World
Ethereum price pressure builds as retail sentiment weakens
Ethereum sentiment has weakened sharply in May as traders react to price pressure, ETF outflows, Foundation exits, and slower network growth.
Summary
- Santiment says Ethereum’s market cap fell 11.6% in 15 days as trader sentiment weakened.
- ETF outflows, Foundation exits, and slower network growth have fueled fresh Ethereum doubts in May.
- JPMorgan says ETH needs stronger network activity and real-world use to close Bitcoin’s widening lead.
Santiment said Ethereum has seen a sharp shift in market mood, with its market cap down 11.6% over 15 days. The data platform said ETH is now at risk of falling below $2,000 for the first time since late March if selling pressure continues.
The report said Ethereum’s social dominance rose while price kept falling. That pattern can point to higher attention, but Santiment said the tone of discussion moved toward fear and frustration instead of optimism.
Santiment also said bullish and bearish comments about ETH moved closer to balance in May. In late April, bullish comments were still well above bearish ones. By May, the ratio had moved closer to 1.0, showing that traders had become far less confident.
ETF outflows weigh on ETH demand
ETF flows are one of the main pressure points. Santiment said several Ethereum ETF products saw outflows through May, including large exits from BlackRock-related funds. It also said no total Ethereum ETF inflow day above $50 million had been recorded in three weeks.
📉 Ethereum sentiment has flipped hard, and retail has jumped from crypto’s #2 market cap quickly. ETF outflows, Foundation exits, slowing network growth, and nonstop bearish narratives have traders questioning $ETH like never before. Here’s our take. 👇https://t.co/RDpVPbdIZs pic.twitter.com/y7JPlcZEPK
— Santiment Intelligence (@SantimentData) May 22, 2026
Related reports also show why traders are watching the $2,000 area. Earlier market coverage said Ethereum ETFs recorded more than $340 million in net outflows over six trading sessions, while ETH struggled to reclaim $2,150.
JPMorgan has also flagged weaker Ethereum demand compared with Bitcoin. The bank said Bitcoin ETFs recovered about two-thirds of recent outflows, while Ether ETFs recovered only about one-third. It also said ETH and altcoins may keep lagging without stronger DeFi activity and real-world use cases.
Foundation exits add to trader doubts
Ethereum Foundation changes have also fed the weaker mood. Recent coverage noted that Carl Beek and Julian Ma announced exits from the Ethereum Foundation, adding to broader Protocol Cluster changes.
Santiment said traders often react quickly to these narratives. It added that reports about Foundation exits and public claims about ETH supporters reducing exposure helped build the current bearish mood. Some of those claims lacked full context, but they still shaped trader behavior.
The report also noted that Ethereum remains strong in development activity. Santiment said Ethereum still leads in raw developer work, even as retail traders focus more on faster price moves from rival ecosystems.
Network growth remains the market test
Santiment said daily active addresses and network growth have cooled from stronger periods in 2024 and 2025. Fewer new wallets are interacting with Ethereum, which traders may read as a sign of weaker demand for ETH.
Ethereum was trading near $2,125 to $2,135 on May 22, based on market data crypto.news. That keeps ETH close to the support zone watched by traders after recent outflows and technical weakness.

Santiment said “Whether ETH is actually approaching one of those moments remains uncertain,” referring to whether extreme bearish sentiment could turn into a contrarian setup. For now, the market is focused on whether Ethereum can restore demand, defend the $2,000 area, and prove that network use can recover faster than trader confidence is falling.
Crypto World
Trump Media moves over 2K BTC to crypto.com, what does it mean for Bitcoin?
Trump Media & Technology Group has transferred another 2,650 Bitcoin worth about $205 million to Crypto.com, adding fresh scrutiny to the company’s crypto treasury strategy as its holdings remain deeply underwater.
Summary
- Trump Media moved 2,650 Bitcoin worth about $205 million to Crypto.com, according to Lookonchain data.
- The company’s Bitcoin treasury has fallen sharply below its reported average purchase price of about $118,522 per coin.
- Trump Media previously disclosed a $405.9 million quarterly loss, with most of the hit tied to unrealized crypto asset markdowns.
According to blockchain analytics platform Lookonchain, the transfer was detected from wallets linked to Trump Media, the company behind Truth Social and majority owned by the Donald J. Trump Revocable Trust.
Although deposits to exchanges do not automatically confirm a sale, traders often treat large inflows as a possible signal that liquidation could follow.

Transferred funds remain in the Crypto.com wallet. Source: Arkham.
Earlier this year, Trump Media moved 2,000 Bitcoin valued at roughly $175 million when Bitcoin (BTC) traded around $87,378. Since then, the market has weakened further, with Bitcoin hovering near $77,700 at the time of the latest transfer.
Corporate treasury losses deepen
Based on Trump Media’s previous disclosures, the company originally accumulated 11,542 BTC at an average purchase price of about $118,522 per coin, spending close to $1.37 billion on the position. At current market prices, the remaining treasury has fallen well below its entry level.
Quarterly filings released by the company showed that its Bitcoin holdings had already declined to 9,542 BTC after the first transfer. Following the latest 2,650 BTC movement flagged by Lookonchain, the stash now appears to stand near 6,889 BTC.
Recent financial results have already shown the impact of the downturn. Trump Media reported a $405.9 million net loss for Q1 2026, with $368.7 million tied to unrealized markdowns on digital assets, pledged crypto assets, and equity securities.
Within the filing, the company disclosed that its Bitcoin holdings carried a cost basis of roughly $1.13 billion while their fair value had dropped to about $647 million by the end of March. Trump Media also disclosed ownership of around 756 million Cronos tokens linked to its partnership with Crypto.com.
What does this mean for Bitcoin?
Large exchange inflows such as these can create temporary fear among traders because visible supply on an exchange order book may act as a potential resistance zone.
However, it must also be noted that the $205 million transfer remains relatively small compared with Bitcoin’s multi-billion dollar daily spot and derivatives trading volume. For now, the market impact would depend on whether the coins are sold directly on the exchange or moved through over-the-counter channels.
Separately, on-chain supply data has continued to show strong long-term holder activity despite weakness among some corporate treasury buyers.
Market analytics cited in recent reports estimated that more than 70% of Bitcoin’s circulating supply has remained unmoved for over a year, suggesting long-term investors have continued holding through the current downturn.
🚨 $BTC Long Term Holders Just Flashed The Signal That Preceded Every Major Expansion Phase Since 2012.#Bitcoin The 1Y+ Long Term Holder metric has now dropped back into the historical “oversold” accumulation zone, a region that previously appeared before explosive upside… pic.twitter.com/9ZHwKFJRm9
— CryptoZeno (@CrypZeno) May 20, 2026
Crypto World
Will Bitcoin price revisit $76K as bullish trendline support collapses?
Bitcoin has fallen back toward the $77,000 region after losing a key ascending trendline support that had guided its recovery from April lows.
Summary
- Bitcoin fell back toward $77,000 after breaking below a key ascending trendline support and failing to reclaim the 200-day moving average near $80,800.
- U.S. spot Bitcoin ETFs recorded roughly $1.4 billion in weekly outflows, while over $744 million worth of BTC moved to exchanges over the past five days.
- CoinGlass liquidation data showed dense long liquidation clusters near $76,000 as traders monitored rising oil prices, Fed uncertainty, and U.S.–Iran tensions.
According to data from crypto.news, Bitcoin (BTC) price traded near $77,200 during Friday’s session after briefly losing the rising support structure that had guided its recovery from April lows. Selling pressure accelerated after Bitcoin once again failed to reclaim the $82,000 resistance area, a level that coincides with a descending local trendline and the 200-day moving average near $80,825 on the daily chart.
Over the past week, leveraged bullish positions have absorbed the bulk of the damage. According to derivatives data, nearly $661 million to $850 million in long liquidations were wiped out across exchanges as Bitcoin reversed lower from its May highs. The liquidation cascade amplified downside momentum as forced selling pushed spot prices into lower liquidity zones.
At the same time, U.S. spot Bitcoin ETFs recorded roughly $1.4 billion in cumulative net outflows over the past week. It signals a sharp slowdown in institutional demand following months of post-halving accumulation. BlackRock’s IBIT reportedly registered one of its largest daily outflow sessions during the move, while other major issuers also posted consistent redemptions as traders reduced risk exposure.
On-chain flows added another bearish signal. Analysts noted that 9,664 BTC worth more than $744 million had been transferred to exchanges over the last five days, often interpreted as a sign of rising sell-side intent. Separately, on-chain tracker Lookonchain reported that Trump Media & Technology Group moved another 2,650 BTC valued at roughly $205 million to Crypto.com, further increasing market focus on potential large-holder distribution.
Adding to market sensitivity, Friday’s decline unfolded during Bitcoin Pizza Day week, a period that historically draws elevated trading activity and renewed attention to Bitcoin’s long-term gains. Instead of celebratory momentum, traders encountered rising volatility and deteriorating macro conditions.
Outside crypto markets, oil prices reintroduced another layer of pressure. WTI crude futures climbed back above $98 per barrel after reports suggested Iran’s Supreme Leader ordered enriched uranium reserves to remain inside the country, complicating ongoing negotiations with Washington.
The geopolitical dispute intensified after reports emerged that Iran and Oman were working on a framework for permanent toll systems through the Strait of Hormuz, though President Donald Trump reportedly rejected the proposal and insisted the shipping route remain unrestricted.
Even with crude oil price still down more than 3% for the week, energy traders remained cautious as U.S.–Iran negotiations showed mixed signals.
U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio said there were “some encouraging signs” surrounding a possible deal, while Pakistani mediators were expected to travel to Tehran during the latest review phase of Washington’s proposal.
Higher oil prices have compounded inflation concerns that were already building after recent U.S. CPI and PPI readings came in above expectations. Treasury yields climbed toward yearly highs as markets reduced expectations for aggressive Federal Reserve rate cuts. Investors are also preparing for a potential leadership transition from Jerome Powell to Kevin Warsh at the Fed, a scenario many traders associate with a more hawkish policy outlook.
Under those conditions, capital rotation away from speculative assets accelerated across global markets. Bitcoin, which had benefited from strong institutional inflows earlier this quarter, now faces a more difficult liquidity environment as investors prioritize yield-bearing instruments and reduce leveraged exposure.
Can Bitcoin hold the $76K region after losing ascending support?
Technically, Bitcoin’s daily structure has weakened after the price broke below a rising white trendline that had connected higher lows since early April. The breakdown occurred shortly after repeated rejection beneath the descending red resistance trendline near $82,000, reinforcing the formation of a lower high on the daily timeframe.

The breakdown also pushed Bitcoin beneath its 20-day moving average around $79,375 while keeping the price trapped below the 200-day moving average near $80,825.
Meanwhile, the 50-day moving average around $76,427 has emerged as the next major technical support. Daily candles are now compressing between declining short-term resistance and the rising 100-day moving average near $72,553.
The MACD histogram on the daily chart has turned negative, while the MACD line itself is beginning to cross lower beneath the signal line. Earlier bullish momentum from April’s recovery phase has faded steadily throughout May as buyers failed to produce a convincing breakout above resistance.
Liquidation data from CoinGlass suggests Bitcoin may still be vulnerable to another sweep lower before stabilization occurs. The 24-hour liquidation heatmap shows dense long liquidation clusters sitting between $76,000 and $76,500, with another concentration near $74,000. Large liquidity pockets above the current price remain concentrated near $78,000 to $79,000, potentially acting as short-term magnets during relief bounces.

Crypto trader Lennaert Snyder said Bitcoin’s daily candle had closed “pretty weak” after failing to reclaim the $78,200 highs. According to Snyder, the market remains trapped in a choppy mid-range structure, with a likely sweep of “sell-side liquidity at the $76.4K range lows” before any meaningful recovery attempt develops.
Meanwhile, Daniel Reis-Faria, CEO of ZeroStack, told crypto.news that Bitcoin’s rejection near its 200-day moving average signaled weak buying pressure.
“Bitcoin turning lower after struggling to move above its 200-day moving average suggests there still may not be enough buying to push prices higher…If buying starts to pick up again, Bitcoin can move higher pretty quickly. But until that happens, Bitcoin is likely to stay under pressure.”
Daniel Reis-Faria, CEO of ZeroStack.
Derivatives positioning also points to lingering caution rather than aggressive dip buying. Funding rates across several perpetual futures platforms have cooled significantly compared to earlier May levels, while open interest has fallen alongside price, signaling ongoing deleveraging instead of fresh speculative participation.
What could invalidate the bearish Bitcoin outlook?
Bitcoin’s recovery back above $79,000 would be the first sign that sellers are losing short-term control. Beyond that, Bitcoin would still need to reclaim the 200-day moving average near $80,800 and invalidate the descending resistance trendline before traders begin discussing a sustainable reversal structure.
Any breakthrough in U.S.–Iran negotiations capable of pulling oil prices lower could ease inflation concerns and reduce pressure on Treasury yields. Softer economic data or renewed expectations for Federal Reserve easing would likely improve sentiment across crypto and equity markets simultaneously.
ETF demand also remains a critical variable. Persistent outflows have weighed heavily on spot liquidity during the latest correction. A reversal back into net positive inflow territory could stabilize price action quickly, especially given how aggressively leverage has already been flushed from the system over the past week.
Failure to hold the $76,000 region, however, could expose Bitcoin to a deeper move toward the $74,000 liquidity zone highlighted on derivatives heatmaps. Below that level, traders may begin targeting the 100-day moving average near $72,500 as the next major structural support during a prolonged risk-off phase.
Disclosure: This article does not represent investment advice. The content and materials featured on this page are for educational purposes only.
Crypto World
are user funds safe after $520K loss?
Polymarket’s UMA CTF Adapter contract on Polygon has reportedly been targeted in a suspected exploit, with onchain analysts warning users to pause activity.
Summary
- ZachXBT flagged a suspected UMA CTF Adapter exploit on Polygon with losses above $520K reported.
- PeckShield said two addresses were drained and some stolen funds were deposited into ChangeNOW already.
- Bubblemaps warned attackers were removing 5,000 POL every 30 seconds as losses kept rising quickly.
A ZachXBT community alert said Polymarket’s UMA CTF Adapter contract on Polygon was suspected of being attacked. The alert listed losses above $520,000 and named the attacker address as 0x8F98075db5d6C620e8D420A8c516E2F2059d9B91.
PeckShield later said ZachXBT had reported that the contract had “potentially been exploited.” The security firm said two addresses, 0x871D…9082 and 0xf61e…4805, were drained of about $520,000. It also said part of the stolen funds had already moved to ChangeNOW.
Polymarket protocol contributor Shantikiran Chanal said the security reports were linked to rewards payout activity. He said user funds and market resolution are safe, adding that early findings point to “a private key compromise of a wallet used for internal operations, not contracts or core infrastructure.”
Bubblemaps warns users to pause activity
Bubblemaps also warned that a Polymarket contract had been exploited. The firm said attackers were removing 5,000 POL every 30 seconds and estimated losses at about $600,000 at the time of its alert.
PolygonScan data for 0x871D…9082 shows repeated outgoing transfers of 5,000 POL to an address tagged as Polymarket’s UMA CTF Adapter Admin. Several transfers occurred about 30 seconds apart, matching the pattern flagged by Bubblemaps.

Meanwhile, Polymarket’s documentation says the UMA CTF Adapter connects markets to UMA’s Optimistic Oracle. The adapter is used to request and retrieve resolution data for prediction markets built on the Conditional Tokens Framework.
Polymarket’s newer documentation says all outcomes on the platform are tokenized through CTF, with outcome tokens backed by locked pUSD. That makes the affected contract area relevant to how markets are created, resolved, and redeemed onchain.
This is not Polymarket’s first UMA-related controversy. Earlier coverage noted that a UMA whale allegedly influenced a Polymarket market outcome tied to a Trump-Ukraine mineral deal, raising questions over oracle voting power and market resolution trust.
Attack comes as Polymarket expands
The incident comes as Polymarket has been moving from a crypto-native prediction platform into a larger market structure debate. Recent crypto.news coverage said prediction markets led by Polymarket and Kalshi have grown into one of finance’s fastest-moving sectors.
The platform has also faced regulatory and market-design pressure. Earlier coverage noted Wisconsin’s lawsuit against Polymarket, Kalshi, Coinbase, Robinhood, and Crypto.com-linked entities, arguing some prediction markets function as unlicensed gambling products.
The suspected exploit adds a new technical risk layer to that debate. Polymarket is already watched for questions around regulation, resolution rules, and market integrity. A contract-level incident now puts user safety and smart contract controls back in focus.
The latest alert also follows a wider run of DeFi security incidents. Recent reports covered Echo Protocol’s paused bridge after unauthorized eBTC minting, while the Verus Ethereum bridge case took a different turn after the exploiter returned 4,052 ETH, following an $11.5 million forged-transfer attack.
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