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Crypto World

Crypto Advocacy Groups Back CLARITY Passage Amid Ethics Rule Pushback

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Crypto Breaking News

Three major crypto advocacy groups have urged U.S. Senate leaders to allow the Digital Asset Market Clarity (CLARITY) Act to receive “floor consideration,” pushing for a full vote before the chamber departs for state work periods in August. In a joint letter sent Friday to Majority Leader John Thune and Minority Leader Chuck Schumer, the organizations said bipartisan negotiations are still underway and asked senators to keep discussions moving.

The appeal lands as the bill has cleared the Senate Banking and Agriculture committees, but the political math and remaining policy disputes have left uncertainty around timing. With Republicans holding a 52–47 majority over Democrats in the Senate, passage would require 60 votes—meaning cross-party support remains essential.

Key takeaways

  • Crypto advocacy groups are requesting Senate leadership schedule the CLARITY Act for a floor vote (“floor consideration”) before August recess.
  • The bill has progressed through the Senate Banking and Agriculture committees, but some lawmakers plan to delay voting until specific provisions are addressed.
  • Republicans released the CLARITY market structure text earlier this week, including ethics provisions aimed at public corruption concerns.
  • Democrats have criticized the ethics package as insufficient, raising the odds of stalled negotiations and a delayed vote.
  • Markets are already pricing in uncertainty: Kalshi event contracts showed about a 40.3% chance of a Senate vote before the August recess as of Friday.

Advocates press for a floor vote amid legislative uncertainty

In their letter, the Crypto Council for Innovation, the Digital Chamber, and the Blockchain Association urged senators to prioritize bringing CLARITY to the floor. The groups acknowledged that “constructive bipartisan negotiations remain underway” and encouraged lawmakers to continue good-faith discussions between both parties.

Committee progress does not guarantee that the bill reaches the chamber in time. While the legislation has advanced through Senate banking and agriculture panels, the letter suggests that political leaders are still weighing whether the final language will satisfy key concerns. The timing matters: if senators fail to vote before the August recess, the debate could spill into the weeks leading up to the 2026 U.S. midterms, potentially reshaping the incentive structure for lawmakers on both sides.

Ethics and market structure provisions become the sticking point

CLARITY is widely framed as one of the most consequential U.S. bills for the crypto sector, in part because it aims to provide clearer rules for digital asset markets. The latest Republican effort included ethics provisions designed to bar public officials from issuing or sponsoring cryptocurrencies, according to reporting that referenced the bill text released earlier this week.

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However, those measures appear to be at the center of Democratic skepticism. Politico reported that Senator Ruben Gallego criticized the GOP’s counterproposal as not matching what Democrats said had been promised during negotiations. Gallego said, according to Politico, that after extensive work with Republican colleagues, the new offer did not reflect a serious attempt to address concerns raised during earlier bargaining.

“[…] After all the work that we’ve done with our Republican colleagues, that they would take the months and months of work and somehow interpret that and turn around and think what they offered was even remotely close.”

That criticism underscores a central tension: even as the bill’s broader market-structure goals gain traction, lawmakers may be reluctant to move without stronger agreement on ethics and enforcement-related safeguards.

Industry groups argue CLARITY matters for both compliance and innovation

While the legislative fight focuses heavily on ethics provisions, industry leaders are also emphasizing what they see as CLARITY’s practical impact on how the U.S. regulates digital assets—especially outside traditional custody models.

Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong argued that the U.S. still lacks a comprehensive federal framework and that the absence of such rules has allowed harmful behavior to reach customers while business activity migrates beyond U.S. oversight. In a Wednesday X post, Armstrong said the bill would provide consumer protections, tools for law enforcement, and a path for the country to lead in the industry.

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Orest Gavryliak, chief legal officer of DeFi platform 1inch, discussed the bill on Cointelegraph’s Chain Reaction podcast on Friday. He said CLARITY would help recognize a legal framework for non-custodial protocols, contrasting that approach with what he described as regulators trying to fit decentralized systems into custodial frameworks. Gavryliak’s argument was that rules designed for custodial models do not translate cleanly to non-custodial protocols—an issue he said makes passage “very important.”

What markets are signaling about timing—and what to watch next

Even with committee approvals, reaching the 60-vote threshold remains the main challenge. That requirement creates a built-in incentive for lawmakers to negotiate hard on unresolved provisions rather than accept a narrow coalition. The result is that procedural timing—whether leadership can secure enough alignment to schedule a floor vote—may become as consequential as the final bill text itself.

As of Friday, Kalshi’s event contracts offered users a 40.3% chance that the Senate would vote on the CLARITY Act before the August recess, reflecting a market view that passage may not be immediate even if the bill is moving.

For investors, traders, and developers, the next key question is not simply whether the CLARITY Act survives procedural hurdles, but what changes—if any—are made as senators try to reconcile ethics-related disagreements. If the ethics language remains the primary point of contention, negotiations could continue to expand rather than converge. Conversely, if the Senate leadership finds a pathway to unify enough support for floor consideration, CLARITY could become a central reference point for U.S. crypto compliance planning well before lawmakers turn to the broader midterm political cycle.

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Hyperliquid RWA Trading Volume Overtakes Other Asset Categories

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Crypto Breaking News

Hyperliquid’s decentralized perpetuals market has hit a notable milestone as trading in tokenized real-world assets (RWAs) started to dominate the platform’s week-over-week activity. According to Blockworks analytics, RWAs generated $25.1 billion in trading volume from July 13 to July 19—first time they have exceeded the combined volume of Hyperliquid’s other asset categories.

That $25.1 billion accounted for 52% of Hyperliquid’s total weekly trading volume of $48.2 billion, based on Blockworks data. ARK Invest research director Lorenzo Valente highlighted the scale in an X post, saying Hyperliquid’s RWA market alone was larger than the combined crypto perpetual volume of every other DEX.

Key takeaways

  • RWA trading on Hyperliquid reached $25.1B in a single week (July 13–July 19), surpassing all other asset categories combined on the platform.
  • RWAs represented 52% of Hyperliquid’s weekly total volume of $48.2B, per Blockworks.
  • RWA adoption appears to be accelerating: RWA holder users rose 32% to 1.25 million, while tokenized RWA value increased to $36.7B (+3.5%) according to RWA.xyz.
  • Revenue signals remain strong: Hyperliquid generated $7.6M in weekly revenue, placing it third among crypto apps by that metric (behind Tether and Circle).
  • Executives increasingly frame perps on-chain as infrastructure: Circle CEO Jeremy Allaire called the shift a “major structural shift” toward RWA-driven trading.

RWA volume surpasses every other asset category on Hyperliquid

The shift is specific to Hyperliquid’s perpetual exchange (perps) activity, where traders transact continuously rather than relying on dated contract expirations. Blockworks’ weekly figures show that, for July 13–July 19, tokenized RWAs became the largest driver of Hyperliquid’s marketplace by volume—an inflection point for a category that has been steadily gaining attention across crypto.

Valente’s comparison—RWA volume on Hyperliquid exceeding the combined crypto perpetual volume of other DEXs—underscores how concentrated the activity is becoming around tokenized, off-chain-linked instruments on a perps venue. While DEX perps are not new, this particular weighting toward RWAs suggests that capital and liquidity are being pulled toward tokenized claims on real assets rather than limiting trading interest to native crypto commodities.

Adoption metrics point to a broader RWA pull

The volume milestone is occurring alongside growth in the underlying RWA market. RWA.xyz data cited in the report indicates that RWA holders expanded by 32% over the past month to 1.25 million users. Over the same period, the total value of tokenized RWAs rose by 3.5% to $36.7 billion.

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For investors and market participants, the key question is whether Hyperliquid’s RWA outperformance reflects a one-week anomaly or a sustained change in liquidity preferences. The combination of weekly trading dominance and month-over-month growth in both holders and total RWA value makes the case for sustained demand—at least in the near term.

Revenue and relative standing among crypto applications

Volume growth often attracts scrutiny, but revenue helps clarify whether activity is translating into sustainable economic impact. DefiLlama data indicates Hyperliquid generated $7.6 million in revenue over the past week.

DefiLlama also places Hyperliquid third among crypto applications by weekly revenue, behind stablecoin issuers Tether and Circle, which generated $112 million and $45 million respectively. That ranking matters because it places an RWA-focused perps venue in direct competition for economic relevance with the dominant parts of the stablecoin ecosystem—segments that many market observers view as foundational to on-chain trading.

In practical terms, the implication is that traders are not just moving around capital for speculation: the perps market is producing measurable platform earnings at a time when RWAs are becoming a majority share of activity.

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Industry executives link the trend to a “structural shift”

Beyond raw market statistics, prominent crypto and traditional finance figures are increasingly framing RWA growth on-chain as an ecosystem-level change rather than a niche experiment. Circle co-founder and CEO Jeremy Allaire said growing RWA trading on Hyperliquid marks a “major structural shift” in crypto markets. In a Friday X post, he characterized the move as departing from “speculating on endogenous digital commodities” toward trading linked to external real-world assets.

Other industry commentary supports a similar direction of travel for perpetual futures as an instrument. Earlier in July, Pantera Capital suggested that perpetual futures could become a dominant trading tool beyond crypto. The argument emphasized structural advantages of perps versus traditional derivatives, including 24/7 trading, the absence of contract expiries, simpler position management, and continuous price discovery.

Regulatory and competitive pressure is also emerging. The report references NYSE parent Intercontinental Exchange (ICE) and its chief executive Jeffrey Sprecher urging regulators to establish a “level playing field” for launching 24/7 on-chain perpetual futures contracts. The underlying tension is clear: if on-chain perps continue to attract mainstream liquidity, market participants will want consistent rules across venues that provide continuous trading and automated settlement.

At the same time, broader tokenization efforts are already integrating traditional market infrastructure concepts into blockchain settings. The report notes that in March, the NYSE partnered with tokenization platform Securitize to develop blockchain-based stock trading infrastructure aimed at 24/7 trading and settlement.

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While these initiatives are not the same as Hyperliquid’s perps market, together they show a pattern: tokenized assets are moving from “possible future use” toward active trading and infrastructure design across both crypto-native and legacy finance channels.

Traders and builders should watch whether Hyperliquid’s RWA share holds beyond the July 13–July 19 window and whether revenue continues to scale as RWA holders and total tokenized value rise. The sustainability of the shift—and how regulators respond to 24/7 on-chain derivative trading—will likely determine whether this becomes a durable market structure or a temporary liquidity rotation.

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Bitcoin ETF Inflows Spark Talk of AI-to-Crypto Capital Rotation

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Crypto Breaking News

US spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds extended their inflow run this week, adding $203.1 million over six consecutive trading days—its longest streak since April. At the same time, crypto-linked equities rose as investors leaned into improving US regulatory prospects and a possible cooling of the AI-driven “speculative capital” trade.

Beyond crypto’s own momentum, the market narrative is starting to shift: after powering rally after rally for nearly two years, AI stock enthusiasm appears to be becoming more selective. Analysts point to a pullback in semiconductor sentiment—measured by the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index (SOX)—as investors differentiate between companies with durable earnings and those still priced primarily on growth promises.

Key takeaways

  • US spot Bitcoin ETFs pulled in $203.1 million during six straight sessions, totaling roughly $930 million since the streak began.
  • The ETF demand rebound coincided with broader sentiment improvement, with the Crypto Fear & Greed Index moving from “extreme fear” to “fear.”
  • Rising hopes for US crypto regulation and a cooling AI equity narrative helped lift crypto-linked stocks.
  • Bitcoin mining equities benefited from disclosures tied to AI infrastructure—cloud and data-center deals that signal a diversification of revenue models.
  • Bernstein expects Robinhood’s next growth phase to be driven more by tokenization and prediction markets than by traditional crypto trading.

Spot Bitcoin ETF inflows revive a key institutional signal

According to earlier coverage from Cointelegraph, US spot Bitcoin ETFs extended their inflow streak to six consecutive trading days. The most recent additions brought fresh capital of $203.1 million, with the six-day total reaching about $930 million. The renewed bid came as Bitcoin briefly moved above $67,000 and overall market mood improved.

Separately, the Crypto Fear & Greed Index reportedly recovered from “extreme fear” to “fear,” suggesting less pervasive risk-off behavior among retail and sentiment-driven participants. While the inflow streak is still not a full reversal of earlier weakness, it marks the funds’ longest positive run since April—an important benchmark for traders watching whether institutional demand is stabilizing.

Data cited from the source notes that, since launching in January 2024, US spot Bitcoin ETFs have accumulated $51.8 billion in cumulative net inflows and hold $80.9 billion in net assets. However, they still show a $4.84 billion year-to-date net flow deficit, underscoring that the recovery remains uneven and could quickly fade if inflows stop.

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Analysts quoted in the article also highlighted a level traders are watching: Bitcoin likely needs to sustain trading above the $65,000 to $65,500 zone to strengthen the case for a durable bullish move rather than another short-lived bounce.

Crypto rallies alongside regulatory optimism and a selective AI bid

The broader digital asset rally reportedly tracked two themes: progress toward clearer US regulation and signs that the AI trade may be cooling. Cointelegraph coverage linked the move to optimism around US crypto legislation, including remarks from US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent that lawmakers were at the “1-yard line” on the CLARITY Act—a bill intended to establish a regulatory framework for digital assets.

In the equities space, the article points to double-digit gains among crypto-adjacent stocks, including Coinbase, American Bitcoin, and Cipher Digital. This matters because equity participation often reflects how quickly investors are willing to extend risk beyond pure crypto exposure—suggesting they see a credible path for continued participation in the sector rather than treating it as a one-off momentum event.

At the same time, the source argues that the AI narrative is becoming more discriminating. FRNT Financial CEO Stephane Ouellette attributed part of the potential opportunity to slowing enthusiasm for AI stocks and improving confidence around interest-rate expectations. These conditions can matter for crypto because it often competes for the same pool of speculative and risk capital, especially when markets are rewarding “growth at any price” themes.

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The SOX index decline illustrates the point. The article notes SOX has slipped into a technical bear market, falling more than 20% from a recent high, even though it remains above year-ago levels. The implication for investors: when AI infrastructure sentiment softens, capital may look for alternative narratives—including crypto—where expectations and valuations may be less stretched or closer to improving fundamental demand signals.

Miners lean into AI infrastructure as deal flow changes the sector’s story

While Bitcoin’s spot-market performance is often treated as the dominant driver of mining equities, the source emphasizes that deal announcements are becoming central to investor attention in this cycle. Bitcoin mining stocks reportedly surged after Hut 8 and IREN disclosed large AI infrastructure agreements.

Cointelegraph coverage cited several movers: Hut 8, IREN, Cipher Digital, CleanSpark, and MARA Holdings all gained after Hut 8 announced a 15-year, $9.8 billion lease for its AI data center campus. The article also states that IREN disclosed $2.8 billion in cloud services contracts with AI developers.

These announcements reinforce a broader market shift: miners are increasingly framing themselves not just as Bitcoin production businesses, but as compute and data-center operators positioned for demand tied to AI workloads. The source further notes that IREN is projecting more than $4 billion in annual recurring AI cloud revenue by the end of 2026, highlighting how the sector is trying to translate infrastructure buildouts into longer-term cash-flow expectations.

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Still, the pivot introduces a new set of concerns. The article reports Blocksbridge Consulting’s estimate that the sector may require roughly $50 billion in additional capital to carry out its AI ambitions. It also mentions increased scrutiny around insider stock sales—an angle that can influence investor confidence when companies are simultaneously expanding balance-sheet exposure and asking the market to value future AI-linked revenue streams.

Robinhood’s next phase: tokenization and prediction markets, Bernstein says

Outside direct spot Bitcoin and equities, the source also highlights a separate institutional view of how crypto-related business models may evolve. Bernstein reportedly raised its price target on Robinhood shares to $160 from $130 while keeping an Outperform rating, arguing that the brokerage’s longer-term growth could be driven by tokenized assets and prediction markets rather than traditional crypto trading alone.

According to the article, Bernstein expects prediction markets to become Robinhood’s fastest-growing business line, projecting $1.7 billion in revenue by 2028. It also pointed to tokenized equities as a major opportunity, citing Robinhood’s Arbitrum-based layer-2 infrastructure as an enabling component for bringing real-world assets on chain.

The bullish framing aligns with a broader push across Wall Street toward tokenization infrastructure, as the source notes expanding blockchain-based securities efforts by companies such as Broadridge, Alpaca, Securitize, and Cantor Fitzgerald. While these initiatives are not the same as spot-market adoption, they represent another pathway through which regulated digital finance use cases may expand—potentially broadening demand for crypto-adjacent services even if retail trading enthusiasm fluctuates.

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For the next few weeks, investors will likely watch whether the ETF inflow streak extends beyond six days and whether Bitcoin can hold the $65,000–$65,500 area consistently. At the same time, traders may track whether the rotation away from the most crowded AI expressions continues—because a sustained easing in AI equity sentiment could keep loosening the speculative grip that has previously crowded out other risk assets.

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Enjoy Bitcoin’s Rally Now, but Brace for a Painful August: Analyst

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Although it was stopped at its monthly peak of $67,000 earlier this week, July has gone quite favorably for the primary cryptocurrency for now, showing a double-digit surge from its early low of under $58,000 to roughly $65,000 as of press time.

However, popular analyst Ali Martinez brought up a painful historical pattern suggesting that the bears are about to return in August.

Good July, Bad August?

We know that historical performance rarely translates into successful price predictions. However, BTC’s moves in July have largely aligned with almost all previous Julys. As such, the warning from Martinez should be taken under careful consideration. The analyst noted that investors should “enjoy the current rally,” but stop and take a look at the seasonal trend.

He added that every single August since 2022 has been in the red, which is confirmed by data from CoinGlass. This streak of four consecutive Augusts with retracements brought some violent declines, such as the 14% drop in 2022 and the 11.3% dip a year later.

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If we go back further in history, though, we can see that there have been some quite promising exceptions during the eighth month of the year. Back in 2013, BTC rose by 30%, while the 2017 edition brought a massive 65% surge. However, only three out of the last 12 Augusts have been in the green.

Bitcoin Monthly Returns. Source: CoinGlass
Bitcoin Monthly Returns. Source: CoinGlass

Weakening Support

Fellow analyst Rekt Capital also weighed in on BTC’s performance in July but outlined a different perspective. He acknowledged that the cryptocurrency has risen by double digits (even though his percentage differs from the one on CoinGlass), but argued that it’s a “far cry from previous rebounds.”

This is because even though bitcoin has defended the $60,000 support and now sits at around $65,000, the double-digit price pump in July came after a significantly more painful June, in which the asset tumbled by more than 20%. Consequently, the 11%-14% surge now can’t even offset the previous month’s losses. The analyst determined that this is a clear sign of “progressively weakening support over time.”

The post Enjoy Bitcoin’s Rally Now, but Brace for a Painful August: Analyst appeared first on CryptoPotato.

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Thailand SEC Files Complaint Against Bitkub Over 2021 Hack Reporting

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Crypto Breaking News

Thailand’s crypto market is facing renewed regulatory pressure after the country’s Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) filed a criminal complaint against Bitkub and two former directors over allegations of inaccurate disclosures tied to a 2021 cyberattack.

In a report released Thursday, the Thai SEC said it has brought the case against Bitkub Online along with former executives Sakolkorn Sakavee and Thaweesap Rawan, accusing them of submitting company reports that misrepresented the impact of the hack during the period under investigation. The matter comes at a sensitive time for Bitkub, as its parent company has been weighing a potential public listing—an issue that typically brings stricter expectations around transparency and governance.

Key takeaways

  • The Thai SEC filed a criminal complaint against Bitkub Online and two former directors for alleged false reporting connected to a May 2021 cyberattack.
  • The SEC claims Bitkub failed to reflect the full impact of the theft in daily net liquid capital reports between May 10 and Oct. 30, 2021.
  • The regulator estimates the stolen crypto assets at 16 types worth about 1.7 billion baht (around $50 million).
  • Bitkub disputes the SEC’s allegations, saying disclosures were delayed to avoid a bank-run and that it later covered the stolen assets with equivalent holdings.
  • The case will proceed through Thailand’s investigation and possible prosecution process, while Bitkub’s broader corporate plans remain in focus.

SEC alleges Bitkub understated losses in capital reporting

At the center of the complaint is the SEC’s contention that Bitkub did not accurately disclose the consequences of the May 2021 hack. According to the SEC, the incident led to the theft of 16 categories of digital assets from the exchange, with a stated value of approximately 1.7 billion baht (about $50 million).

The SEC further alleged that Bitkub replaced the stolen assets by Oct. 31, 2021. However, it said the exchange’s daily net liquid capital reports did not show a significant reduction in assets during the period from May 10 through Oct. 30, 2021.

In the SEC’s view, this reporting gap could have created the impression that customer assets remained effectively unchanged and that the exchange had not suffered meaningful losses from the attack.

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The complaint accuses Bitkub and the former directors of violating multiple provisions of Thailand’s digital asset regulations in connection with the alleged false disclosures. The SEC said the matter will move forward through investigation and, if warranted, prosecution and court proceedings.

Bitkub counters: disclosure timing aimed to prevent a bank run

Bitkub rejected the SEC’s claims in a post on X, describing the complaint as stemming from disclosure decisions made after the May 2021 cyberattack rather than from fraudulent intent.

The exchange said it delayed disclosing the wallet compromise to help prevent a bank run while it worked to address the loss. Bitkub also stated that its co-founders later purchased digital assets equivalent to the stolen funds, arguing that neither the company nor its customers ultimately experienced financial losses.

Alongside the rebuttal, Bitkub said it has since strengthened governance, compliance, and security systems. The exchange did not indicate that it will change or reverse its position, but its response frames the controversy as a risk-management dispute over timing and communication rather than a concealment of ongoing damage.

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Why this case matters as Bitkub eyes a listing

Beyond the immediate legal process, the SEC complaint arrives as Bitkub’s ownership group considers a potential public listing. In December 2025, Bitkub confirmed to Cointelegraph that it was considering an initial public offering, with a potential listing in Hong Kong.

That context matters because public-market pathways generally increase pressure on disclosure quality, internal controls, and auditability—particularly for regulated exchanges. Even if Bitkub’s parent company proceeds with fundraising or an IPO plan, regulatory scrutiny of past reporting practices can influence investor sentiment, due-diligence findings, and the scrutiny applied by prospective underwriters or listing authorities.

At the same time, the case highlights an underlying tension that has appeared in crypto regulation across multiple jurisdictions: whether a firm’s attempts to stabilize conditions after an incident justify delayed or incomplete public disclosures, and what regulators consider “accurate” reporting in the interim.

Bitkub’s scale in Thailand and what to watch next

Founded in 2018, Bitkub has become one of Thailand’s best-known crypto exchanges. According to CoinGecko, it ranks first among Thai exchanges by trust score and had about $712 million in daily trading volume at the time of publication for the referenced data.

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For market participants, the SEC complaint may affect how counterparties and users evaluate compliance and reporting standards—especially for an exchange that already holds significant market share. While Bitkub disputes the allegations, the next phase will be driven by Thailand’s investigation process and any subsequent prosecution decisions.

Readers should watch for whether regulators can show that the disputed reports materially misled stakeholders, how Bitkub substantiates its claim of later compensation, and whether additional documents surface regarding the timeline of disclosures around the May 2021 hack. As the legal process develops—and with IPO plans still part of the background—clarity around internal controls and incident communications could become a defining factor in how Bitkub is judged by both regulators and investors.

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IFF Challenges Order as Unconstitutional

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Crypto Breaking News

India’s Internet Freedom Foundation (IFF) has condemned a government order requiring GitHub to remove repositories linked to Jack Dorsey’s decentralized messaging app, BitChat, calling the action unconstitutional and a threat to both free speech and open-source development.

The dispute centers on how the Indian government justified the takedown. According to IFF, the order used Section 79(3)(b) of India’s Information Technology Act rather than the country’s formal website-blocking route, a process IFF says includes procedural safeguards. The group urged authorities to withdraw the notice and disclose all takedown orders issued under the same provision.

Key takeaways

  • IFF says the BitChat-related GitHub removal order should have followed India’s formal website-blocking process rather than Section 79(3)(b).
  • The cybercrime agency’s directive reportedly demanded GitHub disable access to three BitChat repositories within three hours.
  • Iff argues the order fails to identify unlawful content, instead targeting BitChat’s decentralized design as the basis for removal.
  • BitChat routes encrypted messages between nearby devices via Bluetooth without relying on internet connectivity or centralized servers.
  • Adoption of BitChat has reportedly increased during internet shutdowns and unrest in multiple countries since its release in July 2025.

GitHub repositories ordered removed over “internet shutdown” concerns

A day before IFF’s public response, India’s cybercrime agency ordered GitHub to disable access to three BitChat repositories within a three-hour window. The rationale provided, according to IFF’s account, was that the decentralized messaging app could be used to circumvent internet shutdowns, evade lawful surveillance, and enable unlawful activity.

BitChat’s core design is meant to reduce dependence on the public internet. Instead of routing messages through centralized servers or requiring continuous connectivity, the app can relay encrypted communications between nearby devices over Bluetooth. In practical terms, that means it can function even when mobile networks or internet service are disrupted—an attribute that has historically drawn both interest from users in restrictive environments and scrutiny from authorities concerned about oversight.

IFF challenges the legal route and the lack of identified unlawful content

In its statement posted on X, IFF argued that the government’s approach exceeded its legal authority. The group said the order was issued under Section 79(3)(b) of India’s Information Technology Act, rather than through India’s formal website-blocking mechanism, which IFF says includes procedural safeguards.

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IFF’s position is that this difference in process matters, because the method chosen can affect transparency and the ability to contest a removal. The organization also asked the government to withdraw the notice and to publish all takedown orders made under the provision, framing the request as a transparency measure rather than a technical objection.

Just as importantly, IFF disputed the substance of the justification. The group said the order did not point to specific unlawful content inside the repositories. Instead, IFF claimed the government’s case treated BitChat’s decentralized architecture itself—particularly its ability to support peer-to-peer communication over Bluetooth without internet access—as grounds for removal.

That framing has wide implications for open-source ecosystems. When takedowns are based on functionality rather than identifiable prohibited material, developers and maintainers may face broader uncertainty about what features are permissible to publish.

Why decentralized messaging has become a flashpoint during shutdowns

Since its release in July 2025, BitChat has reportedly seen rising adoption during periods of unrest, natural disasters, and internet outages. Earlier coverage from Cointelegraph described how the app’s Bluetooth-relay approach can help communities communicate without relying on internet infrastructure. According to Cointelegraph’s reporting cited in the original coverage, adoption surged in countries including Madagascar, Nepal, Uganda, Jamaica, and Iran.

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That pattern is notable because it illustrates the tension between emergency communications and state control. In scenarios where networks fail or governments restrict connectivity, tools that operate without centralized infrastructure can become valuable—especially for coordination when traditional channels are unreliable. At the same time, governments often view the same resilience as a way for users to evade monitoring and shutdown measures.

For investors and builders in crypto-adjacent infrastructure—particularly those focused on privacy, censorship resistance, and decentralized networking—the BitChat dispute underscores a broader regulatory reality: decentralization can increase both technical robustness and legal risk, depending on how authorities interpret existing cyber and communications laws.

While this case concerns GitHub repositories rather than a blockchain protocol directly, it sits within a familiar policy theme affecting the wider decentralized tech stack: when software can keep working despite shutdown attempts, regulators may treat the code as part of the threat model.

What to watch next after the GitHub order

For now, the immediate question is whether GitHub access to the affected repositories remains disabled and whether the government provides further specificity on what it considers unlawful. IFF’s demands for withdrawal and transparency—especially publication of all takedown orders under Section 79(3)(b)—could determine how quickly this dispute escalates into a wider debate about constitutional limits and administrative procedure.

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Beyond the legal arguments, readers should watch for how this case influences developer practices—particularly how open-source teams decide what to publish, document, or mirror when their tools may be interpreted by regulators as enabling circumvention during shutdowns.

Earlier reporting on BitChat’s launch and design is available via Cointelegraph, and context on adoption during protests and outages was also covered by Cointelegraph in articles including Nepal-related coverage, Jamaica-related coverage, and global unrest adoption coverage.

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Flow Traders tests Lombard’s Bitcoin-backed stablecoin credit

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5 red months, 74% LTH profit rapidly eroding

Lombard Finance has launched its Bitcoin Onchain Credit Strategy with Flow Traders as an early institutional participant.

Summary

  • Flow Traders can borrow stablecoins while Bitcoin Earn deposits provide collateral coverage through Cap’s platform.
  • Bitcoin holders receive underwriting premiums alongside vault returns, linking yield directly to institutional borrowing demand.
  • Chainlink CCIP moves BTC.b from Avalanche into Ethereum, widening cross-chain access to the credit strategy.

The product lets the market maker borrow stablecoins without posting its own collateral directly onchain. Instead, Bitcoin supplied through Lombard’s Bitcoin Earn vault provides separate collateral coverage through Cap’s credit platform.

The model connects Flow Traders’ demand for stablecoin financing with Bitcoin holders seeking yield. Borrowing premiums paid by the trading firm flow to depositors whose assets support the credit. Lombard said the new allocation sits inside Bitcoin Earn, which has recorded more than $1 billion in deposits from over 38,500 users.

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Flow Traders borrows through Bitcoin depositors

Flow Traders accesses stablecoins through Cap’s automated credit marketplace on Ethereum. Bitcoin Earn depositors supply the assets that cover the loan, while Symbiotic provides the shared-security layer. Cap’s documents say approved operators can borrow reserve assets after receiving enough collateral from delegators. Each operator receives isolated coverage rather than sharing the same collateral across several borrowers.

If a covered loan falls below its required safety level, Cap can liquidate or slash the delegated assets to repay debt. Lombard CEO Jacob Phillips said, “By separating the borrower from the collateral provider, the parties involved have made it possible for regulated, institutional trading firms to tap into onchain credit for the first time.”

Flow Traders executive Michael Lie said the strategy links Bitcoin holders with financing demand that is less correlated to DeFi market conditions.Flow Traders has traded digital assets since 2017 and provides liquidity across exchange-based and bilateral institutional markets.

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Bitcoin Earn adds institutional credit premiums

Bitcoin Earn operates as a managed meta-vault. Users can deposit LBTC, BTC.b, WBTC or native Bitcoin and receive BTCe receipt tokens. Professional managers allocate the pooled assets across several strategies rather than one lending market. Sentora manages the initial vault, while Veda supplies its infrastructure.

Lombard launched Bitcoin Earn in February 2026 as a managed Bitcoin yield product. The new credit strategy becomes one allocation within that structure. Flow Traders’ fixed annualized premium adds another source of return alongside other vault strategies, whose yields can change with market conditions.

Lombard’s documentation says BTCe withdrawals may take up to 14 days and settle in LBTC, regardless of the asset originally deposited. The company also lists smart contract, strategy and liquidity risks. Audits may reduce technical risk, but they cannot remove the chance of code failures, losses or delayed withdrawals.

Cap also states that delegators face slashing risk if an operator becomes undercollateralized. The yield therefore reflects defined credit and technical exposure rather than a guaranteed return. Cap’s risk disclosures warn that malicious or undercollateralized operators may put delegated assets at risk.

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Chainlink moves BTC.b into the Ethereum vault

Lombard uses Chainlink’s Cross-Chain Interoperability Protocol to move BTC.b from Avalanche into the Ethereum vault used by the strategy. CCIP lets supported applications transfer tokens and messages between blockchains. This allows the credit product to draw Bitcoin liquidity from Avalanche while Cap manages borrowing on Ethereum.

The cross-chain step follows Lombard’s May decision to use CCIP for more than $1 billion in LBTC and BTC.b assets. The company said the change aimed to standardize transfers as its Bitcoin products expanded across more networks.

As crypto.news reported, Lombard moved LBTC and BTC.b to Chainlink CCIP as its exclusive cross-chain infrastructure after reviewing its bridge setup. Lombard said the migration replaced LayerZero across several networks.

The BTC.b route follows Lombard’s acquisition of the asset and its infrastructure from Ava Labs in October 2025. As previously reported, the deal included BTC.b’s existing Avalanche integrations and user base. Lombard planned to expand the 1:1 Bitcoin asset to Ethereum, Solana and other networks.

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Pilot tests a different lending structure

Traditional DeFi loans usually require borrowers to post more collateral than they receive. Lombard’s structure separates the borrower from the collateral provider. Flow Traders receives stablecoins, Bitcoin Earn depositors provide coverage, and Cap’s contracts track the loan, collateral level and possible liquidation.

The setup does not remove lending risk. It depends on Lombard’s vaults, Cap’s credit contracts, Symbiotic’s collateral system, Chainlink’s cross-chain service and Flow Traders meeting its repayment duties. Problems in any connected system could affect returns, withdrawals or deposited assets.

Lombard has not disclosed the pilot loan’s size, duration, stablecoin type or interest rate. It has also not named other borrowers. The launch extends Lombard’s Bitcoin products beyond staking and standard DeFi lending, while testing whether Bitcoin depositors can support institutional stablecoin credit through an onchain structure.

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China completes first digital yuan payment to Singapore

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China completes first digital yuan payment to Singapore

ICBC has completed China’s first digital yuan cross-border payment with Singapore through the newly upgraded Digital Currency Express platform, settling nearly 10 million yuan in import shipping fees with same-day fund delivery.

Summary

  • ICBC has completed China’s first digital yuan cross border payment with Singapore through the CBETS platform, settling nearly 10 million yuan in shipping fees.
  • The payment reached the Singapore recipient on the same day as China expands the use of its digital yuan for cross border trade settlements.
  • The transaction builds on China’s push to strengthen digital yuan payment infrastructure alongside ongoing cross border CBDC and stablecoin initiatives.

According to Mobile Payment Network, the transaction was jointly completed by the Shanghai branch of the Industrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC) and ICBC Singapore, becoming the first China-Singapore cross-border payment to run through the Digital Currency Express (CBETS) comprehensive settlement platform. 

The payment covered nearly 10 million yuan in import shipping costs and was settled entirely in digital renminbi, with the funds reaching the Singapore recipient’s account on the same day.

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The report said the transaction was completed for W Company, a subsidiary of a centrally owned enterprise’s trading platform that regularly imports iron ore and pays overseas shipping charges. 

Because the company frequently handles large-value cross-border settlements, it previously relied on conventional international transfers that involved multiple intermediary banks, longer processing times and foreign exchange costs.

ICBC Shanghai introduced the company to the Digital Currency Express platform as an alternative settlement method before working with its Singapore branch to complete the payment. According to the report, the transaction demonstrates how digital yuan settlement can shorten payment processing while providing direct visibility into cross-border fund transfers.

Beyond the individual payment, the development expands ICBC’s use of China’s international digital yuan infrastructure. Mobile Payment Network said the bank has now established integrated digital yuan payment and collection services with both Singapore and Laos through the CBETS platform, creating a unified cross-border settlement framework linking its domestic and overseas branches.

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CBETS expands China’s digital yuan payment network

The Digital Currency Express platform was built by the International Operation Center of the digital renminbi under the guidance of the People’s Bank of China’s Digital Currency Research Institute. According to Mobile Payment Network, the platform was upgraded in 2026 after China’s digital yuan infrastructure was reorganized, combining the previous cross-border payment platform, blockchain service platform, and digital asset platform into a single settlement network.

Overseas financial institutions can connect through a Hong Kong access point known as “One Point Access,” allowing participants to access multiple services through a single gateway. The platform supports both centralized and blockchain-based systems while using ISO 20022 messaging standards, making it compatible with existing international payment infrastructure.

Its design also allows financial institutions to process barcode payments, remittances, trade settlements and investment-related transactions while supporting additional digital financial services. According to the report, the modular architecture combines retail and wholesale payment functions with on-chain and off-chain settlement services to reduce integration costs for participating institutions.

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The platform has continued to add financial institutions since its launch. On June 16, 2026, the International Operation Center signed direct participant service agreements with the first group of 26 financial institutions, including ICBC Asia, Bank of China Hong Kong, Standard Chartered China and several overseas ICBC branches operating in Singapore, Thailand, Laos, Macau and Qatar.

Digital yuan cross-border expansion continues

The latest transaction builds on China’s efforts to expand digital yuan use beyond domestic payments. Last year, the People’s Bank of China established the Digital RMB Operation and Management Center alongside the International Operation Center to separately oversee domestic adoption and international infrastructure for the currency. Officials said at the time that the two institutions would support both local deployment and overseas connectivity for the digital yuan.

Since then, authorities have steadily expanded cross-border applications. Beginning Jan. 1, 2026, banks were allowed to pay interest on verified digital yuan wallets as part of the transition from electronic cash to an interest-bearing digital deposit currency. At the same time, the central bank announced plans to widen cross-border pilots involving Singapore, Hong Kong, Thailand, the United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia.

ICBC has also introduced several cross-border payment services over the past year. According to Mobile Payment Network, the Shanghai branch previously launched the “Hu e Hui” international remittance service using the multilateral central bank digital currency bridge, reducing processing times for eligible transfers from about one hour to five minutes. 

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The bank has also extended digital yuan settlement to offshore trade transactions in Shanghai’s Lingang New Area and introduced a cross-border e-commerce payment solution with Yiwu Pay.

Elsewhere in China, ICBC’s Inner Mongolia branch recently completed the region’s first large-value digital yuan cross-border transfer to Hong Kong worth 220 million yuan using the multilateral CBDC bridge, according to the report.

Mobile Payment Network said ICBC plans to continue working with the International Operation Center to expand standardized digital yuan settlement services across cross-border e-commerce, offshore trade, commodity financing and international logistics payments as more foreign trade companies adopt the platform.

The transaction also comes as Chinese policymakers continue to position digital currencies as part of future international payment networks. 

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Speaking at the Lujiazui Forum in June, Wang Xin, director-general of the People’s Bank of China’s Research Bureau, said stablecoins could play a larger role in cross-border payments while policymakers continue monitoring their impact on the international monetary system and payment infrastructure. 

Wang also said central bank digital currencies deserve continued international cooperation as countries explore new cross-border payment technologies.

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Mubadala tokenizes $75M private fund as Coinbase buys in

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Backpack challenges Wall Street with 24/7 tokenized US stocks

Mubadala Capital has launched tokenized access to an evergreen private market strategy through UAE-based infrastructure provider KAIO. 

Summary

  • Mubadala Capital’s tokenized private markets strategy attracted about $75 million across Solana, Base and Sui.
  • Coinbase will add undisclosed fund exposure to its balance sheet, moving beyond infrastructure support alone.
  • KAIO limits access to qualified investors while handling regulated issuance, administration and multichain fund distribution.

The offering is available on Base, Solana and Sui and has attracted about $75 million from traditional and digital-asset investors.

Coinbase will take an undisclosed position in the product and place the exposure on its balance sheet. The exchange is acting as an investor rather than only a network or service provider. Access remains limited to qualified institutional and accredited investors.

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Mubadala private markets strategy moves onchain

The product is tied to the Mubadala Capital Alternative Solutions Fund, an evergreen strategy with exposure to private equity, direct investments and credit. KAIO handles the tokenized structure, investor access and onchain administration across the three networks.

Mubadala Capital is the alternative asset management subsidiary of Abu Dhabi’s Mubadala Investment Company. Its official website says the platform manages, advises and administers more than $600 billion through its businesses and partnerships. Its alternative investment operations report about $60 billion in assets under management.

The launch follows an official partnership announced in December 2025. Mubadala Capital and KAIO said they would explore regulated digital access to private market investments for eligible investors. They said the structure would retain governance, regulatory controls and investment oversight.

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Max Franzetti, head of Mubadala Capital Solutions, said, “Bringing it onchain extends that access to a new class of qualified investors.” The companies did not disclose minimum investments, fees, redemption terms or the number of participating investors.

Coinbase adds the fund to its balance sheet

Coinbase’s role goes beyond providing Base as one settlement network. The company said it would add exposure to the tokenized offering to its balance sheet. It did not disclose the value, timing or accounting treatment.

Brett Tejpaul, head of Coinbase Institutional, linked the purchase to growing use of regulated tokenized assets. The transaction gives Coinbase economic exposure to a sovereign-backed private markets product while it continues building services for onchain funds.

Coinbase Asset Management launched the CUSHY tokenized credit strategy in April. That product targets public digital credit, private asset-backed lending and tokenization-related returns across Ethereum, Solana and Base. The Mubadala position adds a separate private markets asset to Coinbase’s holdings.

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Coinbase’s involvement does not make the product available to retail users. The fund keeps the eligibility requirements attached to private investments. Transfers must follow KAIO’s compliance controls and rules set by the fund and its regulated providers.

KAIO distributes the product across three networks

KAIO provides infrastructure for regulated issuance and management of tokenized funds. Its platform documentation says the system supports compliance and lifecycle management while allowing tokenized assets to move across public networks. Deployment on Base, Solana and Sui gives approved investors several network options.

Tokenization can shorten administrative steps and provide faster ownership updates. It may also allow approved fund interests to interact with digital custody, collateral and settlement systems. However, a blockchain token does not remove lockups, valuation limits or transfer rules tied to private assets.

KAIO previously supported onchain products linked to BlackRock, Brevan Howard, Hamilton Lane and Nomura’s Laser Digital. As previously reported, Tether led an $8 million KAIO funding round in April, bringing total funding to $19 million.

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The firm later launched its KAIO governance token and foundation. Crypto.news reported that KAIO had about $100 million in tokenized fund value then. The Mubadala launch adds a sovereign-backed manager and about $75 million in announced commitments.

Solana tokenization activity continues to grow

Solana promoted the launch as the arrival of Mubadala Capital’s Alternative Solutions Fund on its network. Base and Sui also host the structure, so it is not exclusive to Solana. KAIO has not published how the $75 million is divided across the chains.

Institutional fund launches on Solana have increased during 2026.State Street and Galaxy launched the SWEEP tokenized cash management fund on Solana in May. Securitize later brought an AAA-rated collateralized loan obligation fund to the network, with Ethena planning a $250 million allocation.

The Mubadala product differs from tokenized Treasury and cash funds because it gives eligible investors exposure to an evergreen private markets strategy. Private assets usually have longer holding periods and less frequent pricing than cash-equivalent products.

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The companies have not announced retail access or open secondary trading. They also have not said whether the tokens can serve as collateral in outside applications. The launch provides regulated, multichain access to qualified investors while Coinbase tests the product as a corporate balance-sheet asset at this early stage.

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Drift exploiter moves $44M through Tornado Cash after months

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Gnosis Pay exploit tied to Zodiac delay module as users exit

A wallet tied to the $285 million Drift Protocol exploit moved 23,095.1 Ether, worth about $44.4 million, into Tornado Cash after roughly three months of inactivity.

Summary

  • Drift’s exploiter deposited 23,095 ETH into Tornado Cash after remaining inactive for three months.
  • ZachXBT declined further tracking, citing resources required to monitor and freeze a nine-figure DPRK theft.
  • Drift previously announced a recovery bounty program with Arkham and Bybit, contrary to online claims.

The same address sent 0.85 ETH to wallets labeled as Bybit deposit addresses, according to Etherscan records and monitoring attributed to PeckShield.

Transfers began on July 23 and continued into July 24, on-chain records show. Researcher JL, known as 0xJaelle, flagged the movement and tagged ZachXBT. The investigator replied that he did not plan to keep following the funds without institutional support.

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Drift exploiter empties an Ethereum wallet

The Etherscan address labeled “Drift Exploiter 4” processed hundreds of transactions during the movement. Records show repeated deposits of 100 ETH, 10 ETH and 1 ETH into the Tornado Cash router. Four other transfers totaling 0.85 ETH went to addresses labeled as Bybit deposits.

Onchain Lens first reported that the attacker had resumed activity and was sending 100 ETH batches into the mixer several times per minute. The wallet had remained largely inactive since the April attack.

Tornado Cash pools deposits and permits later withdrawals through different addresses. That can weaken the direct public link between sending and receiving wallets. Investigators may still use timing, transaction patterns and exchange activity, but the process requires more data and staff.

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The movement covers only part of the original theft. Drift’s April recovery update valued stolen assets at $295.7 million across JLP, USDC, Bitcoin-linked tokens, SOL, WETH and other assets. The protocol said much of the converted value remained across four flagged Ethereum wallets.

ZachXBT cites cost of tracking North Korea-linked funds

ZachXBT wrote, “Sorry I currently do not have any plans to track these funds further.” He said monitoring a nine-figure North Korea-linked exploit and working toward possible freezes would require resources beyond one independent investigator.

He described the task as “difficult for a team and not feasible for a single person.” ZachXBT also said Drift was not a donor or client. His response on X drew attention to the cost of investigations that continue for months.

The comments do not show that no organization is watching the wallets. Drift has said it works with law enforcement, Mandiant and blockchain intelligence firms. Etherscan continues to label the address, while exchanges can review deposits connected to flagged wallets.

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Elsewhere, ZachXBT criticized Circle after about $232 million in stolen USDC crossed from Solana to Ethereum during the April attack. The funds moved through Circle’s cross-chain system before the attacker converted much of the value into ETH.

Drift had announced a recovery bounty program

JL later said it was surprising that Drift had not created a recovery bounty. Drift’s public record shows that it had announced plans for one. On April 16, the protocol said it was developing a bounty program with support from Arkham and Bybit.

However, the update did not provide a final reward amount, eligibility rules or payment schedule. It remains unclear whether the program became fully active, whether it covered continuing wallet monitoring, or whether independent researchers could claim payment for later tracing work.

Drift also created a user recovery plan separate from stolen-fund tracking. Tether proposed up to $127.5 million in support. Drift plans to issue recovery tokens and fund redemptions through remaining assets, partner capital and future exchange revenue.

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The protocol’s June investigation update said Mandiant attributed the attack to UNC6862, a North Korean threat group. Drift said the attackers used social engineering and compromised operational access rather than a smart contract flaw. As crypto.news reported, the attackers emptied key vaults within about 12 minutes.

Recovery continues as the trail becomes harder to follow

Drift has focused on rebuilding its platform and funding user claims while forensic teams pursue the stolen assets. Its recovery framework states that recovered funds will enter the user recovery pool. The protocol also plans stronger signing controls for critical transactions.

The April attack affected other Solana projects. As previously reported, yield platform Carrot decided to shut down after losses linked to Drift erased most of its deposited value.

The Tornado Cash deposits do not prove that the attacker converted the ETH into usable cash. The deposits remain public, and investigators may still identify later withdrawals. However, they remove a simple wallet-to-wallet trail and make the next phase harder.

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Neither Drift nor Solana had publicly responded to ZachXBT’s comments at the time of writing. Bybit had not announced whether it reviewed the small deposits shown on Etherscan. The remaining stolen funds and the status of Drift’s planned bounty program remain unresolved.

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Bitcoin gains 4% as CLARITY Act and hacks shape crypto week

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U.S. democrats urge crackdown on potential insider trading in prediction markets

The crypto market ended the week higher even as U.S. equities slipped.

Summary

  • Bitcoin gained 4.16% as total crypto capitalization rose 2.30% to $2.22 trillion during the week.
  • CLARITY Act passage odds improved despite resistance over ethics, enforcement powers and political conflict concerns.
  • Bridge attacks drained AFX and Allbridge while BitMEX scheduled its September exchange shutdown for users.

CoinMarketCap’s six-part recap placed total crypto capitalization at $2.22 trillion, up 2.30%, with Bitcoin gaining 4.16% and Ether rising 2.98%. The S&P 500 lost 0.53%, while the Nasdaq Composite barely moved. Altcoins also posted selective gains during the week.

CoinMarketCap described the week’s theme as “crypto market seeks clarity.” Liquidations remained contained, with shorts closing earlier and longs later. Funding rates stayed near neutral, suggesting leverage had not reached levels seen during sharper market swings.

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Bitcoin leads while policy returns to focus

Bitcoin and Ether led the recovery as traders watched the latest U.S. market structure bill. Senator Cynthia Lummis released updated CLARITY Act text on July 22 after Senate Banking and Agriculture committees merged their work. The draft covers regulator duties, developer protections, stablecoin rules, ethics, anti-money laundering controls and law enforcement provisions.

Lummis called the coming weeks the “last real chance” to pass the legislation for years. However, Senator Elizabeth Warren and other Democrats criticized its ethics language and enforcement structure. As crypto.news previously reported, disputes over political conflicts, decentralized finance protections and crime investigations have repeatedly slowed the bill, even as prediction-market estimates for passage rose.

Corporate balance-sheet activity added another signal. Strategy increased its U.S. dollar reserve by $225 million to roughly $3.2 billion after selling common shares, while keeping 843,775 BTC. The reserve supports preferred-stock dividends and debt interest rather than new Bitcoin purchases.

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Shutdowns and project changes reshape the sector

BitMEX announced that it will close on Sept. 23 at 04:00 UTC after reviewing its business and the wider market. The derivatives platform stopped new registrations and will block new positions from Aug. 26. Users can reduce positions and withdraw assets before the final shutdown.

The closure ends an 11-year run for a platform that helped popularize perpetual swaps and high-leverage crypto derivatives. As crypto.news reported before the announcement, BitMEX replaced senior executives in June while reports of a possible sale continued. The shutdown added pressure to smaller centralized exchanges competing for liquidity and paying higher compliance costs.

Other projects also changed direction. CoinMarketCap’s project update said Hyperliquid outlined permissionless HIP-4 outcome markets requiring 500,000 HYPE in staking support. Pump.fun introduced BOOST Mode for new launches, while ENS DAO activated a two-year security council able to stop transactions considered malicious.

Bridge attacks bring security risks back into view

Several cross-chain systems reported attacks. AFX Trade lost about $24.15 million in USDC after attackers obtained enough validator signatures to approve a bridge withdrawal. Arbitrum said the attack did not affect its native bridge. AFX paused operations while investigators reviewed the compromised signing setup.

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Allbridge also halted its core bridge after a $1.65 million flash-loan attack on Solana liquidity pools. The attacker manipulated pool balances, withdrew assets at favorable rates and moved proceeds toward Ethereum. Across Protocol faced a separate Solana incident, but the project said the loss affected a Risk Labs-operated relayer rather than customer funds. It later restored Solana deposits.

The incidents returned bridge design and key management to the center of DeFi security. As crypto.news reported in earlier coverage, attacks have continued through 2026, including losses involving Kelp DAO and Axelar routes connected to Secret Network.

Institutional capital and tokenization continue expanding

Institutional deals provided a different market narrative. Crypto.com announced a $400 million investment from Citadel Securities at a $20 billion valuation. The company said it will use the funding to expand tokenized securities, derivatives and other asset classes across a planned 24/7 financial platform.

S&P Dow Jones Indices and Pantera Capital also launched the S&P Pantera Digital Asset Index. The benchmark uses a rules-based method focused on productive blockchain assets and companies with measurable use or revenue, rather than relying only on token popularity or price momentum.

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Meanwhile, xStocks moved beyond U.S. shares by adding tokenized exposure to Hong Kong-listed equities through Payward and GTN. The companies plan to consider U.K., European and South Korean securities after securing required approvals. Tokenized equity value and trading activity have expanded as exchanges and traditional firms build around-the-clock products.

The week combined a market rebound with unresolved policy talks, security failures and infrastructure investment. Bitcoin and Ether finished higher, but stronger prices did not remove operational risks. The next market test will depend on the CLARITY Act’s Senate path, responses to bridge attacks and whether institutional funding converts into sustained trading and settlement activity. Traders will also watch funding rates and liquidation pressure closely.

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