The city and the river have both seen their names evolve over the centuries

Cambridgeshire is known for its many natural landmarks and among the most famous is the River Cam. People may think that the city was named after the river, but it was actually the other way around.

Long before the university, there was an Anglo-Saxon trading town on the river ‘Granta’, which likely meant ‘Muddy Waters’. This Old English town was called ‘Grantabrycge’, or ‘Granta Bridge’. It centred on the Great Bridge that features on the city’s crest.

After the Norman Conquest of 1066, French-speaking nobles struggled with pronouncing Anglo-Saxon placenames. ‘Grantabrycge’ evolved into the more elegant ‘Cantebrigge’ by the late 14th century before the middle was thrown out entirely to form ‘Cambridge’.

All the while the river continued to bear its Anglo-Saxon name, ‘Granta’. But as ‘Cambridge’ grew in popularity, its inhabitants started to question its source of life.

Assuming the town was named after the river, they changed its name. By the 17th century, the River Cam had usurped the Granta.

Beyond the city walls the ancient moniker survives. Residents upstream from the Mill Pond embrace the River Granta, as does the Granta pub on Newnham Terrace. Indeed ‘Grantchester’ itself survived the fate of ‘Granta Bridge’.

Grantchester joins the hundreds of other Old English placenames that proudly survived the Norman Conquest.

A number of criminals have been caged in Scotland after French authorities cracked the highly encrypted EncroChat messaging service in 2020.

Gangsters, drug lords, weapons dealers and county lines runners have been rounded up after their dodgy dealings were exposed on the app.

The Record’s new series will explore Scotland’s biggest encrochat busts – and the individuals behind the deals who believed they were untouchable.

“Elpazzo” and the Wonka bars

Aaron Bradford was the first person in Scotland to be convicted following a trial using EncroChat evidence.

The drug trafficker, who operated under the EncroChat handle “Elpazzo”, was caught flooding the country with cocaine, amphetamine and cannabis laced ‘Wonka’ chocolate bars.

The 35-year-old believed his conversations about his drugs empire were hidden from law enforcement on the encrypted platform. But French authorities infiltrated the messaging service, favoured by criminals and gangsters.

The breakthrough triggered Operation Venetic – a UK-wide investigation that exposed organised crime groups operating across Europe.

Bradford, from Dundee, was jailed for eight years at the High Court in Aberdeen after being found guilty of being concerned in the supply of controlled drugs.

The court heard Bradford was involved in plans to distribute significant quantities of cocaine, amphetamine and cannabis products, including cannabis-laced “Wonka” chocolate bars.

Investigators uncovered messages in which he discussed a £17,000 drugs deal. He also flaunted a photograph of a large block of cocaine while using the messaging platform.

Police raided his home in June 2020 as part of Operation Venetic. Detectives recovered equipment linked to large-scale drug dealing.

They also seized a blender, hydraulic press and digital scales, along with paperwork detailing drug debts, customer names and amounts owed.

The offences were aggravated by a connection to serious organised crime, with prosecutors also beginning confiscation proceedings under the Proceeds of Crime Act to recover any criminal profits.

The case was the first of many to follow, with Encrochat communications forming evidence for some of the biggest crime busts.

Following the sentencing, Sineidin Corrins, Deputy Procurator Fiscal for Specialist Casework at the Crown Office and Procurator Fiscal Service, said: “This was a coordinated effort to release a sizable quantity of drugs into Dundee.

“But now, thanks to the efforts of Police Scotland and COPFS, this individual faces a lengthy prison sentence.

“We will continue to target all those who threaten communities across Scotland, not only drug couriers but also those who direct their movements.

“With each case of this kind we can help reduce the harm these drugs inflict on those communities.

“COPFS will continue working with the police and other agencies as a member of Scotland’s Serious and Organised Crime Taskforce to ensure that these crimes are detected and those responsible prosecuted using all measures at our disposal.

“Proceeds of Crime proceedings have now been commenced to ensure the profits obtained through criminal conduct are confiscated.”

Detective Inspector Julia Ogilvie, of Police Scotland’s Organised Crime Unit in Dundee, said the case highlighted the success of international cooperation against organised crime.

She said: “There is no doubt the excellent working partnership between law enforcement agencies is paying dividends.

“We will continue to carry out systematic, targeted operations which lead to arrests and cause significant disruption to the criminal fraternity. This sentencing underlines our commitment to the Serious Organised Crime Taskforce and the country’s Serious Organised Crime Strategy.

“We remain committed to our fight against those involved in serious and organised crime to ensure our communities are safe.”

EncroChat was an encrypted communications service marketed as offering complete privacy through modified mobile phones with disappearing messages and a remote “panic wipe” function.

Although owning an EncroChat handset was not illegal, the platform became widely used by organised crime groups across Europe. In 2020, French investigators infiltrated the network, allowing police to read messages exchanged by thousands of users and leading to hundreds of arrests under Operation Venetic.

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More than 500 of the supplement drops have been bought in the past month on Amazon

For one mum, feeling tired had become the norm after nearly 10 years of poor sleep – but she says a simple addition to her morning routine has helped her feel ‘much better’, with her energy levels higher than before. The BlueIron Liquid Iron Supplement with Nordic Blueberries + Vitamin C is now down to £13.60, from £16, on Amazon in a limited-time deal.

The product is a liquid iron supplement designed to make it easy to add iron to a daily routine, with a 10ml serving from the 250ml bottle costing around 55p a day. It can be mixed into food or drinks and contains iron, which contributes to the reduction of tiredness and fatigue and normal energy-yielding metabolism, the brand says.

Feeling tired all the time, which is sometimes dubbed TATT, or ‘Tired All The Time’, has become something many people simply accept as part of modern life. But iron plays an important role in the body, including normal oxygen transport and the formation of red blood cells and haemoglobin, meaning getting enough can be important for overall wellbeing.

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BlueIron has also launched its High Strength Drops (50ml) formula for those looking for a higher-strength option. It is priced at £10.35, down from £13, and delivers 20mg of iron per daily serving, equivalent to 142% of an adult’s recommended daily intake of iron, the brand says. It comes in a 50ml bottle with an easy-to-use pipette.

The original BlueIron Liquid Iron comes in a 250ml bottle and is made with wild Nordic blueberries, giving it a naturally fruity flavour. It also contains vitamin C, which contributes to normal immune function and helps with iron absorption, while the liquid format is designed to be easy to take.

The BlueIron Liquid Iron Supplement is available from Amazon

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The product is currently discounted

The brand uses a micro encapsulated form of iron, which is designed to be released in the intestine, and says the formula is gentle on the stomach. The supplement is suitable for vegetarians and vegans and can also be used during pregnancy, although anyone considering an iron supplement should check that it’s suitable for them with a healthcare professional.

BlueIron is available through Amazon, as well as Holland & Barrett, where the 250ml liquid supplement is currently listed at £16. With women particularly vulnerable to iron deficiency due to factors including menstruation and pregnancy, the brand is tapping into growing awareness around how nutritional deficiencies can contribute to tiredness.

However, persistent or unexplained fatigue can have many causes, so it’s worth speaking to a GP rather than assuming low iron is responsible. An alternative option is the Kiki Health Ionic Iron Liquid Concentrate (50ml) for £20 from LookFantastic.

This is described as an iron supplement drink that is designed to be added to water. Each serving contains 5mg of iron, which is 36% of the recommended daily intake, the site says, and it contributes to normal cognitive function, energy-yielding metabolism, red blood cell and haemoglobin production and oxygen delivery.

Or at Superdrug, there’s the Vitabiotics Feroglobin B12 Iron Supplement Liquid (200ml) for £4.99. The site says Feroglobin is specially formulated with a gentle source of moderate level iron, vitamins and co-factors, ideal to help support health and vitality for the whole family.

The BlueIron Liquid Iron Supplement on Amazon has been rated highly by shoppers. One said: “I have suffered badly from low iron on and off for nearly 10 years, since I had my children. Tablets make me feel nauseous and give me an awful tummy, so when I found out about Liquid Iron, I had to try it out. Wow!!! It’s absolutely fabulous! A wonderful taste with no metallic aftertaste! Within a couple of days I felt a difference, my sleep is much better, and my energy levels are higher. So easy to include into your morning routine! Great price. Will most definitely buy again!”

A second said: “Since purchasing BlueIron, I feel less tired. My sleep routine has been terrible and I really feel that taking BlueIron has given me back a restful night’s sleep, which means my days have been full of energy. The taste is great, meaning I am happy to keep taking it. Will keep on top of things.”

Others, however, deducted stars and left feedback. One said: “Blueberry flavour doesn’t fully cover the bloody taste of an iron supplement, but it does help. Very thick liquid, almost like gel. I used it in the second trimester of my pregnancy and it worked great.”

Another said: “Not a bad taste, not too sure of the texture being syrup-like. But it’s high quality and drinkable.”

Overall, though, most were happy with their purchase. Another reviewer commented: “I love this product, BlueIron Liquid Iron Supplement is above any beyond the standard of other supplements with its delicious Nordic blueberries and vitamin C, B12, Folic Acid. I would say this is the best Iron supplement on the market.”

The BlueIron Liquid Iron Supplement with Nordic Blueberries + Vitamin C and the High Strength Drops (50ml) are available on Amazon.

Enlli Thompson has had chemotherapy, lost her hair, had a full hysterectomy, had to freeze her eggs, and entered immediate menopause all before turning 20

Enlli Thompson was 19 when she first went to her GP for help with the persistent headaches and stomach issues she was suffering from. What followed was a journey resulting in a diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Since then, she has had chemotherapy, lost her hair, had a full hysterectomy, had to freeze her eggs, and entered immediate menopause all before turning 20.

Her story is one of life-changing medical procedures, and understandable physical and mental strain. It is also a story of what she believes were missed chances to diagnose her, but it is one of hope, and strength, because she says her cancer, the treatment and all she went through – and continues to do so – has changed her life for the better.

March 2024 is where Enlli starts her story, but her symptoms had actually started before that. She was underweight and was struggling a lot with stomach pains and migraines so she went to her GP.

She was on the birth control pill and the GP recommended she come off that, wait for two cycles, and return if things hadn’t improved. They hadn’t and the pain was unmanageable.

At the time she was an apprentice motor mechanic and had to keep paracetamol in her toolbox constantly. “I was just taking it every four hours by the end because I was in so much pain, counting down the hours till I could take another one,” she said. For our free daily briefing on the biggest issues facing the nation, sign up to the Wales Matters newsletter here

In October 2024 she went to A&E at Ysbyty Gwynedd hospital in Bangor with suspected appendicitis. When her blood test came back clear, she was told she wasn’t a priority because it wasn’t appendicitis and she had a total 16 hour wait. Enlli says a junior doctor told her it was likely a urine infection, and that she shouldn’t be wasting A&E time.

When she was told she would be discharged, she asked for a second opinion.

A senior doctor then arrived, the 20-year-old said. “He barely examined me, and he could see the pain I was in, and he just instantly told me, ‘You need a CT scan’.”

It was that which revealed a mass in her pelvic area. She says she was told in the waiting room and told she would be taken to the gynaecological ward. “I was just sat there then, millions of thoughts in my head. I instantly thought, ‘I have cancer’,” she explains.

After an ultrasound and other tests she asked that question aloud and was told they couldn’t say.

In the first week of December she went back for another ultrasound and eventually a 10cm mass was found. She says it wasn’t until she was put under the care of Richard Peever’s team, a leading cancer specialist gynaecologist, she felt she was taken seriously.

“I could never ask for a better team from then. Honestly, if it wasn’t for them and the senior doctor in A&E, I would not be here today, which is really scary. Especially the senior doctor in A&E, if he wouldn’t have listened to me, I would definitely not be here today,” she says.

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In February 2025, she had one ovary, a tube and the tumours removed, and biopsies were carried out but it actually took until the following month for her to have an official diagnosis of cancer.

Enlli, from just outside Caernarfon, immediately had to go through fertility treatment in the hope of one day having a family.

“I always knew I wanted a family of my own, but at 19 I had no plans of having children for a good while. It wasn’t on the agenda.

“I wanted to get my career on the go, I wanted to do everything else. I wanted to get married,” she says.

Then in May 2025, she had a full hysterectomy which put her into immediate menopause. She was 19.

How did she keep going through the diagnosis, chemo, surgery and then menopause? “It was hard, but I think I’m quite grateful that I’m the type of person who can’t sit still. Even when I was in agony, I was going 100 miles an hour. I was desperate to get back to work,” she said.

She went into remission on November 6, 2025, just before her 20th birthday. She continues to have checks, every few months, but remains on medication.

Of the many changes she’s faced, another is her career. She loved training as a mechanic, but had to give it up due to the physical effect of cancer. She initially began work as an NHS admin, but that too had to stop.

“I had suffered a real bad burnout. But I always knew after being diagnosed, I wanted to do something with cancer, being a public speaker advocating for people, or advocating for better knowledge and awareness for gynaecological cancers and young people’s cancers.

“If that means me going into the medical world and becoming a specialist nurse I am not sure at the moment, but I am absolutely loving the public speaking at the moment,” she says.

“I think cancer has changed me for the better, because it’s given me this passion for advocating and gaining awareness and fighting for change.

“Whilst I was going through treatment, I was doing a lot of TikToks, and I tried to not show the negative side at that point, because I felt enough of that was in the media. When I got diagnosed, I was watching a show where someone got diagnosed with cancer, and I thought, ‘Oh my God, that’s what I’m going to be like’. So, I wanted to show you can actually still smile, you can still be dancing whilst you’re going through treatment.”

One of the first things she did with Tenovus was a fashion show, at the suggestion of her specialist nurse, some with wigs, some without.

“I could not say no to that. I was so excited and so grateful I got that chance, and from that I think I gained a lot more confidence because I went on without a wig, I went on with a blonde wig and then I went on at the end with a brown wig as well, which I loved,” she says.

Between the menopause symptoms and heatwave, she has had to put wearing a wig to one side for now. Instead, she is embracing the curls that have grown after her chemo.

“Everyone knew that I was a patient as well, and again, I think that shows that cancer’s not just all this depressing stuff. You can still live your life when you can,” she said.

Tenovus recently carried out a survey of GPs in Wales to try and understand issues with diagnosing gynaecological cancer, a survey in support of Claire’s campaign, set up by the late Claire O’Shea.

Every year, there are nearly 1,200 cases of gynaecological cancers in Wales and around 470 women die of the disease and targets for timely cancer treatment are not being met, while women report feeling dismissed, delayed and unheard when presenting with symptoms.

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The survey found 34% of GPs feared over-referring patients to the NHS, there was limited consultation time for GPs as well as difficulty distinguishing cancer symptoms from other benign issues.

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For Enlli all that rings true. She doesn’t, she says, blame her GP for not immediately suspecting cancer but she does think her diagnosis and treatment were delayed because of her age and gender. She was repeatedly told her symptoms could be due to anxiety or her mental health.

“If I was a bit older, I don’t think they would have been saying ‘Yeah, it’s mental health’. Even after my diagnosis and my treatment and being in remission, they’d still tend to say, ‘Oh yeah, it’s anxiety. It’s this, it’s that’.

“I do also think it’s because I am a woman, because they were not fussed about the gynaecological aspect to it.

“I did tell them that I was getting really bad pains, and my periods were getting much more painful that even when I was not on my period, I was getting a lot of pelvic pain. A lot of things to do with that, my periods were getting heavier, which was not usual for me and they never thought to refer me to a gynaecologist.

“I was young, I had bleach blonde, long hair. I looked very girly, but I was a mechanic so I wasn’t one of those girls who would complain, ‘Oh, I’m in pain’ after stubbing my toe. I was like, ‘Get on with it’.

“I do think they just saw what I looked like. I think, ‘Oh yeah, she’s not really in pain. She’s just a young girl that has a low pain tolerance’ but realistically, I was working full-time as an apprentice as a mechanic in constant pain.”

A number of times, as she explains her story, she says she “regrets” not speaking up sooner.

Of the period between scans, she says: “I regret letting them do that looking back, because once you’ve heard that you’ve got a mass, I personally, I regret I didn’t advocate for myself in that time, asking them to do more tests then, and not being discharged,” she said.

“Maybe if I had advocated for myself earlier, it wouldn’t have reached stage three,” she says.

Referencing the finding that GPs said they didn’t have time to look at notes properly, she says: “If they had looked at my symptoms in the time that I was going back and forth between March and October, I was going nearly every month at this point and I was complaining about the same issues, and a lot of it was a gynaecological issues.

“I don’t blame them for not thinking cancer, because who does expect ovarian cancer in an 18-year-old?

“I don’t blame them for that. I blame them for not taking the gynaecological issue seriously, because it points to so many different gynaecological issues.”

She says even now, when she arrives at an appointment, the bulk of time is spent with her explaining her history.

“I still have to advocate for myself, I’m still not listened to. Even after everything I’ve been through, I’m still not listened to, and it’s still pointed to anxiety or my age or whatever,” she says.

A Welsh Government spokesperson said: “As a new government, we are taking decisive action on cancer by developing a 10-year National Cancer Strategy to transform how the health service prevents, diagnoses, and treats the disease, with a focus on earlier diagnosis.

“We are determined to ensure women’s pain is taken seriously. The Deputy Minister for Women’s Health recently brought together clinicians, researchers and women with lived experience at a summit to tackle the normalisation of pain in women’s healthcare.

“Following this, minimum standards for service user engagement will be drafted to ensure women’s voices continue to shape the Women’s Health Plan.”