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Former general Prabowo to take helm in Indonesia

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Former military general Prabowo Subianto is set to be inaugurated as Indonesia’s president with ambitious plans to boost growth while claiming a bigger international role for south-east Asia’s largest economy.

Prabowo, 73, will take over the reins from Joko Widodo eight months after a landslide victory in February’s presidential election. Gibran Rakabuming Raka, his predecessor’s eldest son, will also be sworn in as his deputy. 

The inauguration caps a remarkable turnaround for Prabowo, a former commander of the country’s feared special forces who was dismissed from the military and once banned by the US for the alleged kidnapping of democracy activists. Prabowo has always denied the accusations.

The former general won over millions of Indonesians with the backing of the highly popular Widodo, and by promising policy continuity as well as free school lunches, a massive programme expected to cost $28bn. He has also vowed to boost economic growth to 8 per cent a year, up from the 5 per cent rate that Indonesia has maintained for more than a decade.

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But Prabowo has already indicated a departure from his predecessor in everything from government spending to foreign policy. He is open to taking on more debt to fund social assistance programmes and plans to expand the cabinet by a third to accommodate political allies.

He also wants Indonesia to play a more active role internationally. Widodo shunned international events. In his 10 years in power, he never attended the annual UN General Assembly in New York in person. Prabowo, on the other hand, has made more than a dozen international trips between the election and inauguration day.

“The most significant break of Prabowo’s policies from his predecessor would be on the focus of its foreign policies,” said Kennedy Muslim, a political analyst at Indikator Politik Indonesia. “While Jokowi single-mindedly focused his pragmatic foreign diplomacy on attracting business investments from abroad, Prabowo’s are more strategic in nature since he’s by nature much more interested in geopolitics than his predecessor.” 

Prabowo will maintain Indonesia’s historically neutral foreign policy stance but will seek to play a bigger role and increase engagement in global issues. As defence minister in Widodo’s government, Prabowo last year proposed a demilitarised zone and a UN referendum to end the conflict between Ukraine and Russia, a plan that was rejected by Ukraine. This year, Prabowo said Indonesia was willing to send peacekeeping forces to Gaza.

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His first overseas trip since winning the election was to China, where he met with Xi Jinping. Beijing is Indonesia’s largest trading partner and the second-biggest source of foreign direct investment, putting money into economically significant industries such as metals, mining and infrastructure. Prabowo has also met Russian President Vladimir Putin and leaders of Japan, France and south-east Asian neighbours.

At home, social assistance programs are a priority. While Widodo focused on building roads, ports and other infrastructure, Prabowo wants to ensure food and energy security, eradicate poverty and provide free meals and health check-ups.

“One of his immediate priorities is to tackle the social aspect of his agenda,” said Brian Lee, an analyst with Maybank. “Jokowi was about hard infrastructure. Prabowo is looking at initiatives that don’t just target the national economy as a whole but also target the households.”

However, Prabowo will also have to attract investment to meet his growth targets. “Eight per cent is going to be very difficult,” said Lee. “He needs to basically attract a lot more investment, both domestic and foreign direct investment.”

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Prabowo takes over an economy that has transformed during Widodo’s 10 years in power into a central player in the global energy transition effort, thanks to Indonesia’s vast nickel reserves. Still, GDP growth has failed to meet Widodo’s initial target of 7 per cent.

Widodo has also eased rules to attract foreign investors, with metals and mining in particular drawing in record funds. While Prabowo has said he would be investor-friendly, he is yet to lay out detailed plans.

One of Prabowo’s economic advisers told the Financial Times that focus on minerals processing alone would not be enough to reach the GDP target. “We need new engines of growth,” he said, pointing to the digital sector, the energy transition and higher-quality manufacturing as possible growth areas.

Fiscally, Prabowo is planning to be a lot more liberal than Widodo, primarily to fund his social assistance programs. His brother and close adviser, Hashim Djojohadikusumo, has said Prabowo plans to increase the country’s debt-to-GDP ratio to 50 per cent from the current 39 per cent. To support higher debt, Prabowo hopes to increase tax revenue and sell state assets.

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While Indonesia’s debt levels are lower than regional peers’, economists warn a sharp rise in borrowings over the short term could affect the currency, risk Indonesia’s credit rating and have a ripple effect on the economy.

Prabowo’s team has reassured investors of their fiscal caution in recent months, but concerns remain. “Potential fiscal strains could grow over time as [Prabowo’s] new programmes burgeon,” Citi’s chief Indonesia economist Helmi Arman said in a recent research note. He also expressed concerns that Prabowo’s key programmes appeared to be domestic market-oriented and not on exports.

Prabowo will also have to deftly handle his political allies, most importantly his former rival Widodo. Analysts said the former president had for months been trying to retain influence to protect his legacy.

“Prabowo knows that people still love Jokowi . . . however, Prabowo wants to control power in his own hands without any interference from Jokowi,” said Arya Fernandes, a political analyst at the Jakarta-based Centre for Strategic and International Studies, adding that Widodo could be given an advisory role.

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Several of Widodo’s ministers are expected to get positions in Prabowo’s government. One indication of the outgoing president’s influence could be how big a role his son Gibran gets as vice-president, traditionally not a prominent position.

Prabowo also plans to install a bigger government, expanding the cabinet from 34 to up to 46, adding to worries over fiscal spending. His advisers have said the bigger government is primarily to appease partners in the ruling coalition.

Trade-offs are inevitable, said Indikator Politik’s Muslim, not least “between political stability and internal cohesion, as well as ruling effectiveness within his big-tent coalition”.

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‘Paradise’ island in Europe has fairytale towns and bright blue lagoon – and feels like going back in time

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Sweden's Gotland has been called a paradise island

AN island has been described as paradise – with blue lagoons, sandy beaches and towns like something from a fairytale.

Gotland is off the coast of Stockholm, between Sweden and Latvia.

Sweden's Gotland has been called a paradise island

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Sweden’s Gotland has been called a paradise islandCredit: Alamy
Visby has been called a fairytale town

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Visby has been called a fairytale townCredit: Alamy
The summer months are perfect to visit the island's Blue Lagoon

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The summer months are perfect to visit the island’s Blue LagoonCredit: Alamy

It’s not one to visit in winter – many stores close and temperatures drop as low as 2C.

But visit in the summer and you can see why it has been dubbed a paradise island by Visit Sweden.

The main town is on the east coast, with Visby feeling like you’re gone back in time.

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Also compared to a fairytale town, the quaint shops and buildings are painted in bright colours.

Read more on European islands

One of the most popular foodie spots is Lilla Bjers with small plates that have been called “once-in-a-lifetime dining” with it all farm to table.

For something more laidback, there is the also-popular Surfers, a Chinese restaurant.

There is a huge Viking history too, with burial grounds, museums and even a reconstructed Viking village.

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You can stay the night at Stavgard, with longhouses you can rent to ‘glamp’ in

Another popular attraction are sea stacks, also called raukar, which are limestone monoliths scattered along the coast.

While there, make sure to fine the island’s own Blue Lagoon, with waters that are bright turquoise in the summer.

The ‘best island in the world’ is less than four hours from the UK and is still hot during autumn

Otherwise if you are outdoorsy, there are lots of flat cycle paths, hiking trails and even shallow beaches to swim in.

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You will have to time it right, with temperatures between 20C and 25C in the summer.

Fancy staying? Some of the popular hotels include Clarion Hotel Wisby or the Hotel St Clemens, with rooms inside historical buildings.

There are also budget options such as Best Westerns and and Scandic Visby.

There is also a rich Viking history too

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There is also a rich Viking history tooCredit: Alamy

There are two ways to get to Gotland.

One is by ferry, taking around three hours when departing from either Nynäshamn or Oskershamn.

Or you can fly to Visby Airport on the island, with flights from both Stockholm and Gothenburg.

Brits can travel from the UK to Stockholm for £14.99 with Ryanair from London Stansted, or to Gothenburg from £15.21.

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What is it like to go on a cruise around Scandinavia?

The Sun’s Associate Bizarre Editor Howell Davies went on one – here’s his review.

My trip on one of Hurtigruten’s ships, the 590-capacity MS Nordnorge, was in order to see the Northern Lights.

The cruise allowed me to cover plenty of ground, from Nidaros Cathedral in Trondheim — frequently referred to as the Notre Dame of Norway for its stained-glass rose window — to the dramatic, snow-topped mountains in Finnsnes.

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During my October visit the sun still rises, although hanging low in the sky especially as I headed farther north to the charming city of Tromsø.

The colourful houses of Norway, with window frames dusted with snow, make for beautiful Christmas card scenes and nothing made me feel more festive than watching them go by as I sipped from a hot mug of cocoa.

I’m still not a fan of the cold — but with this cruise, I was glad I took the plunge.

Here’s an island in Denmark that has been dubbed “sunshine island”.

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Want to stay in the UK? Here are the British islands where you are most likely to see the Northern Lights.

You can fly to the island or get a three-hour ferry

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You can fly to the island or get a three-hour ferryCredit: Alamy

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Europe should take a digital leap across its innovation gap

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A tragedy is in the making for EU economic policy if a misleading conclusion drawn from Mario Draghi’s recent productivity report is cemented. This is the paralysing belief that Europe will fall hopelessly behind the US in innovation unless it finds hundreds of billions in additional public subsidies — which politicians who pride themselves on their realism rush to dismiss as impossible.

Draghi’s analysis is of course a lot more sophisticated than that. But where do the sources of the EU’s innovation gap really lie? A good place to start is a recent study of “how to escape the middle technology trap” by the European Policy Analysis Group.

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It starts with the important fact that the EU subsidises innovation as much as the US. In both, public spending on research and development is about 0.7 per cent of their GDP. So this can’t explain America’s innovation advantage. R&D spending by private businesses, however, is almost twice as high in the US as it is in the EU (2.3 versus 1.2 per cent of GDP).

Until recently, sector specific ratios of R&D to revenue were the same on both sides of the Atlantic. But a much larger slice of the US economy is occupied by high-tech sectors, especially pharma and biotech, software, and aerospace and defence. In addition, R&D intensity rates in US high-tech sectors themselves have been pulling ahead of the EU’s in the past decade. But still, 60 per cent of the private R&D spending gap is accounted for by sectoral composition.

Strikingly, the study points out that America’s three largest private R&D spenders changed from Ford, Pfizer and GM at the start of the millennium to Alphabet, Meta and Microsoft today (in between, Intel featured in the top three too). In the EU, they were Mercedes-Benz, VW and Siemens then, and are VW, Mercedes-Benz and Bosch today. This shows two things: that new companies muscle out old giants faster in the US than in the EU; and that Europe has a particular attachment to the automotive sector.

Simply put, the US does more R&D than the EU because it does more private R&D in frontier sectors. It does so because frontier sectors become a bigger share of the economy — and no doubt they become a bigger share because there is more R&D spending on them. The US is enjoying a virtuous cycle, while the EU is caught in a mid-tech trap. This is what policy needs to fix.

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The reasons why high tech sectors are bigger in the US are not necessarily to be emulated. An extortionate health payment system and vast military-industrial complex support huge pharma and aerospace and defence markets. But take software — why is software development so much smaller in Europe? (The sectoral value added of information and communication technology is twice as large in the US as in the EU.)

It is obviously not because Europe lacks innovative ability in software. That much is clear from the existence of Linux, Skype, Spotify and X-Road (the distributed information exchange platform underpinning Estonia’s digital government infrastructure). And while the aforementioned report has good ideas on how to improve Europe’s public funding for innovative technology, poorly targeted subsidies are not the likely reason for a small software sector.

We may get closer to the answer by asking different questions. Why every EU government, and the EU itself, isn’t as digitally sophisticated as Estonia’s. Why is so much of Europe using US-made software instead of EU-manufactured alternatives? Why do the bloc’s Skypes and Spotifys find it easier to go to the US to expand both their funding and their business? These failures have less to do with common EU subsidies than with a lack of coherent policy planning.

Smarter, co-ordinated procurement policy could establish EU-wide interconnected digital platforms on everything from Estonian style e-government (Finland and Estonia have connected theirs) to payment systems, where a programmable digital euro could be transformative for European fintech. Take as inspiration the EU’s swift and successful development of something as politically sensitive as a digital vaccine passport trusted across the bloc.

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Regulatory policy could make it easier for start-ups to access enough funding and scale up in the EU’s single market by creating a streamlined pan-European start-up entity — the “EU Inc” now demanded by some of the continent’s most successful start-up founders — through a “28th regime” of corporate law.

If smart combinations of procurement and regulation created a much bigger home market for EU software, a bigger, hungrier and more risk-loving industry would surely follow — and with it the desired innovation catch-up.

martin.sandbu@ft.com

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Saudi broadcaster MBC under fire over ‘terrorist’ label for slain Hamas chief

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MBC headquarters building in Riyadh

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Saudi Arabia’s media regulator has ordered an investigation into officials from the Middle East’s largest media group after one of its television channels broadcast a report describing the slain Hamas leader Yahya Sinwar as a “new face of terrorism”.

Without naming the channel, the General Authority for Media Regulation said in a statement on X that the report by Saudi-owned MBC, which sparked a strong backlash on social media from pro-Palestinians across the region, was “in violation of the kingdom’s regulations and media policy”.

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The investigation into MBC, a conglomerate founded in London and now majority-owned by the government, highlights the delicate balance Riyadh is seeking to strike in the Middle East conflict: the Hamas and Hizbollah militants being pounded by Israel are its historical foes, but Saudi Arabia is also conscious of the outrage among Muslims and Arabs in the kingdom and across the region at the ferocity of Israel’s year-long assault on Gaza.

MBC headquarters building in Riyadh
In addition to Sinwar, the report named others it designates as terrorists, including Osama bin Laden, the Saudi leader of al-Qaeda killed by the US © EPA-EFE

Saudi Arabia is worried that the war could further destabilise the region and has repeatedly condemned Israel’s conduct of its military offensive in Gaza since the latest conflict was triggered by Hamas’s attack on southern Israel last October. At the same time, Riyadh has long considered Iran and the militant groups it backs, including Hamas and Hizbollah, to be malign forces in the region.

Riyadh has made no official public comment on Sinwar since Israeli forces killed him in southern Gaza last week. The MBC report was broadcast shortly after Israel confirmed his death.

In neighbouring Iraq, the country’s media regulator also said it has moved to suspend MBC’s licence over the same report after protesters stormed the MBC offices in Baghdad. Videos circulating online appeared to show the protesters filming themselves chanting anti-Israel and anti-Saudi slogans as they broke into the offices while smashing computers and other equipment on Friday night.

MBC, which is listed on the Saudi exchange and operates studios and offices across the region, aired a 15-minute long news report that described Sinwar, the architect of the attack on October 7 last year, as the latest in a long list of names that belong to political Islamist groups that Saudi Arabia designates as terrorist.

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In addition to Sinwar, the MBC report mentioned Osama bin Laden, the Saudi leader of al-Qaeda killed by the US; the Iranian general Qassem Soleimani, who was assassinated in an American air strike; and Hizbollah’s leader Hassan Nasrallah, who was killed by Israel last month.

Under Saudi law, it is illegal to express sympathy with designated terrorists. But in Iraq, which is dominated by political parties backed by Iran, people such as Soleimani and Nasrallah are revered and considered martyrs.

“Given the MBC satellite channel’s violation of media broadcasting regulations via its repeated violations and its attacks on the martyrs, leaders of victory, and heroic resistance leaders who are fighting the battle of honour against the usurping Zionist entity, we confirm taking all necessary legal measures and suspending it from operating in Iraq,” the Iraqi regulator said in a statement published by the state news agency.

Saudi Arabia was in advanced talks with the US over a potential deal to normalise relations with Israel before Hamas’s attack a year ago. But Riyadh has now insisted that Israel would have to end its war in Gaza and take irreversible steps towards the establishment of a Palestinian state before any agreement. It has also become increasingly frustrated with the conduct of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s government.

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MBC Group has a market capitalisation of more than $4bn. The channel, which did not respond to a request for comment, has since deleted the controversial report from its social media feeds.

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Big Tech’s dash for nuclear power

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Big Tech’s dash for nuclear power

The take-off of AI will fuel a surge in demand for electricity

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M&S shoppers rush to buy £5 chocolate Christmas gift that makes ‘lovely little stocking filler’

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M&S shoppers rush to buy £5 chocolate Christmas gift that makes 'lovely little stocking filler'

M&S shoppers have been rushing to buy a £5 chocolate Christmas gift that makes a “lovely little stocking filler” for kids.

The posh shop is selling a solid milk chocolate presents sleigh for just a fiver and customers say they are “brilliant”.

M&S shoppers have been rushing to buy a Santa chocolate sleigh

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M&S shoppers have been rushing to buy a Santa chocolate sleighCredit: Ocado

We might only be half way through October, but shoppers have already been sharing the delicious M&S must-have on social media.

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The find was posted on the Dansway Gifts and Bargains UK Facebook group alongside a photograph of the item.

The tin sleigh holds foiled solid milk chocolates inside a parcel bag.

The post was met with more than 800 likes and almost 200 comments from fellow Facebook users.

One said: “They are brilliant.”

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Another wrote: “I have recently bought one. A lovely little stocking filler for my young grandson for £5.”

A third added: “They are very good for £5.”

While a fourth explained: “I’ve got two. I think they are so cute.”

You can buy the sleigh in-store at M&S where you’ll find it on the food hall shelves.

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You can find your nearest M&S using the store finder tool.

Inside Tesco’s Christmas Showcase

If you spot one in your nearest store you might want to be quick because these Christmas items do tend to sell out fast.

It is also available to order online through Ocado.

It’s important to remember that if you order online, you will need to pay a little extra for delivery so bare this in mind.

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If you are thinking of bagging one of the sleighs though, you should have a quick shop around first as you might be able to find a similar product cheaper elsewhere.

Cadbury is selling a build-your-own Santa’s chocolate sleigh online for £14, which is pricier than M&S’ version.

Meanwhile, Morrisons is selling a Santa’s Sleigh Chocolate Mousse for £6.

Supermarkets and retailers change their prices all the time, sometimes multiple times daily, so it’s worth checking you’re getting the best price on an item.

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You can use websites like Trolley to see how the major supermarket’s compare in terms of price on any number of goods.

What else is M&S selling this Chrismas?

M&S is renowned for its Christmas food, it’s the time of year when shoppers upgrade their usual food shop and spend a little bit more as a treat.

We were lucky enough to try M&S’ huge Christmas range with 450 new items including Xmas dinner dip, turkey feast lasagne and hot honey brie.

A dip inspired by Christmas dinner featuring bacon bits, turkey, cranberry and even stuffing will be top of my shopping list this year.

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Served up on little crisp breads, or scooped up with crisps, the dish is something you could eat by the spoonful.

Not forgetting the tipples for the big day, shoppers will be pleased to see the return of the original snow globe gin liqueur after being missing from shelves last year.

In previous years the drinks have been so popular that M&S slapped them with a buying limit because of the huge demand.

This year the liqueur which contains edible gold glitter comes in just one flavour, Clementine, and in a new gifting box for £20 (70cl).

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White mulled wine (£6, 11%) is another new twist on a winter favourite, with pear, vanilla and mulled spice flavours.

How to save money on Christmas shopping

Consumer reporter Sam Walker reveals how you can save money on your Christmas shopping.

Limit the amount of presents – buying presents for all your family and friends can cost a bomb.

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Instead, why not organise a Secret Santa between your inner circles so you’re not having to buy multiple presents.

Plan ahead – if you’ve got the stamina and budget, it’s worth buying your Christmas presents for the following year in the January sales.

Make sure you shop around for the best deals by using price comparison sites so you’re not forking out more than you should though.

Buy in Boxing Day sales – some retailers start their main Christmas sales early so you can actually snap up a bargain before December 25.

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Delivery may cost you a bit more, but it can be worth it if the savings are decent.

Shop via outlet stores – you can save loads of money shopping via outlet stores like Amazon Warehouse or Office Offcuts.

They work by selling returned or slightly damaged products at a discounted rate, but usually any wear and tear is minor.

Do you have a money problem that needs sorting? Get in touch by emailing money-sm@news.co.uk.

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Plus, you can join our Sun Money Chats and Tips Facebook group to share your tips and stories

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Major UK airport reveals new security technology – as study reveals passengers now wear outfits specifically for checks

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Only 19 per cent of passengers will wear boots at an airport

A THIRD of flyers are adapting their airport attire to account for security checks, research has found.

A poll of 2,000 adults found 77 per cent have previously had to remove their shoes in airport security.

Only 19 per cent of passengers will wear boots at an airport

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Only 19 per cent of passengers will wear boots at an airport
30 per cent of passengers have previously avoided wearing boots to account for security when travelling

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30 per cent of passengers have previously avoided wearing boots to account for security when travelling

And 30 per cent feel restricted by what they can wear before jetting off.

Only 19 per cent of passengers will wear boots at an airport because of the need to take them off, and 30 per cent have previously avoided wearing boots to account for security when travelling.

The research was commissioned by London Luton Airport, which has recently installed next generation security scanners meaning passengers no longer need to remove footwear or have wardrobe worries.

It also means travellers can also leave liquids and electronic items in their bags as they pass through security.

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Neil Thompson, chief operations officer at the airport, said: “We were delighted to become one of the first major airports in the UK to offer the benefits of next generation security to passengers ahead of what was a busy and successful summer at the airport.

“This investment provides LLA with enhanced screening technology, significantly streamlining operations to ensure a simple, friendly airport experience for all of our guests.”

It also emerged from the research that a quarter of travellers cited footwear as the first item of clothing considered when deciding on their airport ‘get up’.

With this rising to 43 per cent for Gen Z 44 per cent for Millennial flyers.

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More than one in four (26 per cent) of passengers dread the prospect of having to go barefoot when at the security gates.

As many feel embarrassed (20 per cent) and self-conscious (20 per cent) at the prospect of baring their feet whilst going through security in case they have a hole in their sock.

Bu nearly half (46 per cent) are excited by the prospect of a more simplified travel process.

And as a result, many are planning on sporting heavy footwear before they next jet off, like Timberlands (26 per cent) and Dr Martens (23 per cent).

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