Polish prosecutors investigating the troubled crypto exchange Zondacrypto have filed formal criminal charges against an individual identified as Romana Ż., accusing him of involvement in an organized criminal group and of misappropriating approximately 7.8 million zlotys (about $2.1 million) in user funds. Prosecutors also requested that the Katowice-Wschód District Court order pretrial detention, arguing that the suspect could flee or attempt to disrupt the investigation, according to an official statement from Poland’s National Prosecutor’s Office.

According to the filing, Romana Ż. was detained on Sept. 5 and later questioned by prosecutors. The suspect denied the accusations and submitted a statement, the announcement said. Prosecutors’ motion for detention will be considered by the court.

Key takeaways

• Prosecutors accuse Romana Ż. of participating in an organized criminal group and misappropriating about 7.8 million zlotys from exchange user funds.
• The case focuses on alleged unauthorized computer-record changes and interference with how Zondacrypto processed and transmitted exchange data.
• Prosecutors seek pretrial detention, citing risks of flight and evidence or investigation interference.
• The new charges build on earlier arrests in the Zondacrypto probe, where multiple suspects were also ordered held in custody.
• Broader investigations tied to the exchange have expanded over time, including a probe connected to Sylwester Suszek and BitBay’s later transition to Zondacrypto.

What prosecutors say Romana Ż. did

In their official announcement, prosecutors alleged that Romana Ż. worked with others to misappropriate funds entrusted to Zondacrypto. The accusation centers on alleged manipulation of computer records without authorization and interference with the processing and transmission of exchange data.

The prosecution’s request for pretrial detention reflects practical concerns beyond the underlying allegations. Prosecutors argued that keeping the suspect free could increase the risk he would not appear for proceedings, or could otherwise interfere with the investigation, according to the Monday announcement. The court’s decision will be relevant to how quickly the case proceeds and whether investigators can broaden or refine their evidence package.

Earlier arrests and custody requests in the same investigation

These charges follow the prosecution’s earlier action in the broader Zondacrypto investigation. On Sept. 2, three other individuals were detained and subsequently charged with allegations that included money laundering, misappropriation of company assets, and participation in an organized criminal group.

Polish authorities said a court ordered all three to be held in pretrial detention for up to three months. Together with the Romana Ż. filing, this suggests prosecutors are pursuing the case as a coordinated matter rather than treating it as a set of isolated incidents.

For market participants, such steps typically matter because they can signal to investors that the case is moving from preliminary inquiries into a more evidence-driven phase. They can also affect how quickly affected parties seek restitution, particularly when user funds are involved and the exchange’s operational structure has already collapsed.

How the Zondacrypto probe widened over time

Earlier coverage from Cointelegraph noted that prosecutors estimated total losses connected to Zondacrypto at no less than 350 million zlotys. The current charges against Romana Ż. do not change that larger figure in the provided material, but they add detail on a specific alleged component of the overall misconduct: manipulation of exchange-related records and disruption of data handling.

Cointelegraph also previously reported that the investigation was merged in July with a separate probe involving the 2022 disappearance of Sylwester Suszek, the founder of BitBay, which was later renamed Zondacrypto. While the newly detailed allegations relate to unauthorized changes to computer records and interference with exchange data processing, the procedural merger indicates investigators have been looking across multiple threads connected to the same corporate and operational history.

This is one of the reasons the case is being watched closely: when investigations are consolidated, it can reduce the chance that key evidence or patterns remain fragmented across separate legal tracks.

Bankruptcy proceedings continue in parallel

Outside the criminal investigation, Zondacrypto’s corporate operator has also been drawn into a formal insolvency process. The exchange’s Estonian operator, BB Trade Estonia, was declared bankrupt in August, with the first creditors’ meeting scheduled for Sept. 17, according to the information provided.

While the criminal case and insolvency proceedings are distinct, they can interact in important ways. Criminal proceedings may affect how evidence is characterized and what claims can be pursued by creditors and affected users, while insolvency proceedings are typically where restitution and asset recovery efforts move forward—often on a separate timeline.

For users trying to understand recovery prospects, the practical takeaway is that the bankruptcy process is already underway, and criminal charges can shape the long-term narrative of alleged conduct—without necessarily determining the pace or outcome of creditor negotiations in the near term.

What happens next

Readers should watch for the Katowice-Wschód District Court’s decision on prosecutors’ request for pretrial detention, as well as any subsequent charges as the case develops. With bankruptcy proceedings scheduled to move into the next phase and the investigation spanning multiple alleged misconduct theories, the coming weeks are likely to determine both how fast the criminal matter progresses and how creditors interpret the scale of alleged losses.

Ethereum developer Derek Chiang said on Sept. 7 that EIP-8141’s authors had found a way to express several transaction features as programmable contract calls instead of adding them separately to Ethereum’s transaction envelope.

Chiang, an EIP-8141 co-author and Ethlabs contributor, described the development as a “design breakthrough” in a post discussing recent work by the proposal’s authors. The approach treats transaction expiry, aggregate signatures, privacy-pool Merkle roots and post-transaction assertions as calls called “frames.”

The official draft specification defines a Frame Transaction as a sequence of contract calls. Different frames can validate a transaction, approve its gas payment or execute user operations. The proposal currently provides three modes: DEFAULT, VERIFY and SENDER.

A VERIFY frame can check whether a required condition is satisfied. A SENDER frame executes an operation from the account identified as the transaction sender. Frames can also be grouped into atomic batches, meaning every operation in a batch succeeds together or the entire group reverts.

The proposal still defines a base transaction envelope containing fields such as the chain identifier, nonce, sender, fees, signatures and frame list. Chiang’s point is narrower: developers may be able to introduce more functionality through new frame targets and call patterns without creating another envelope format for every feature.

A stable envelope could reduce coordination work

Changing an Ethereum transaction envelope affects more than execution clients. Wallets, Layer 2 networks, block explorers, signing devices, software libraries and infrastructure providers must all understand the new format.

Chiang said Ethereum upgrades occur roughly every nine months, making repeated envelope changes slow and coordination-heavy. A sufficiently general frame format could serve as a stable interface while contracts or designated protocol components provide new validation methods.

That does not mean future functionality would never require a network upgrade. EIP-8141 itself changes Ethereum’s consensus rules and requires client implementation. New opcodes, precompiles or gas rules could also require hard forks. The proposed benefit is that developers would not necessarily need to redesign the transaction container each time.

The EIP-8141 specification lists native account abstraction among its main goals. It could support key rotation, alternative signature systems, sponsored gas payments and transaction batching. It also aims to reduce Ethereum accounts’ dependence on the secp256k1 signature system used by conventional externally owned accounts.

As crypto.news reported in its coverage of Vitalik Buterin’s proposed Ethereum transaction redesign, programmable validation could eventually help Ethereum adopt new authentication systems without replacing one fixed signature scheme with another.

EIP-8130 could make frames easier to inspect

Chiang also acknowledged a tradeoff. Highly abstract transactions can become difficult for wallets, sequencers and other infrastructure to analyze before execution. An Layer 2 sequencer might, for example, want to accept only specified signature methods because their computational costs are predictable.

Developers are therefore exploring how frames could work with EIP-8130, another draft account-abstraction proposal. EIP-8130 creates an onchain keystore where accounts register actors and authenticator contracts. Transactions explicitly identify their authentication method.

That structure allows a node to determine which validation process a transaction requires before running arbitrary wallet code. Under EIP-8130’s proposed Layer 2 profile, a chain could restrict its transaction path to a canonical set of fixed-cost authenticators while leaving other authentication methods available through ordinary EVM execution.

Chiang said EIP-8130 could impose defined structures over EIP-8141 frames. The collaboration could preserve the flexibility of frames while giving wallets and high-throughput chains a more legible transaction format. The combined design has not been finalized, and both specifications remain open to revision.

Earlier crypto.news coverage examined the competition between EIP-8141 and EIP-8130 during the initial Hegotá scoping process. The latest comments suggest developers are now looking for compatible elements rather than treating the proposals only as mutually exclusive alternatives.

Buterin connects frames with parallel validation

Vitalik Buterin expanded on the technical direction in a separate post, distinguishing between transaction “actions” and “dependencies.” An action changes Ethereum’s state, such as transferring ETH. A dependency is a condition that must be satisfied, such as a signature, Merkle proof or zero-knowledge proof.

Buterin argued that independent dependencies could be checked in parallel. Conditions that do not access Ethereum state could potentially be processed once by the mempool instead of being repeated during execution. Multiple checks might eventually be represented by a recursive STARK proof, although that remains a research direction rather than an approved feature.

The distinction could also help clients separate predictable transactions from operations requiring Ethereum’s full dynamic execution environment. Buterin said more statically analyzable activity could receive lower gas costs and scale further. No such fee schedule has been approved.

The frame model provides a potential interface for that approach because validation and execution appear as identifiable calls. Ethereum would retain flexible contract execution while allowing simpler transactions to declare more information about their requirements.

EIP-8141 is scheduled, but dates remain open

The official Hegotá Meta EIP now lists Frame Transactions and FOCIL as scheduled for inclusion in Ethereum’s Hegotá upgrade. That represents stronger status than earlier consideration, but it does not freeze EIP-8141’s current technical design.

EIP-8141 remains marked as a draft Core proposal. Its authors can revise the frame modes, signature handling, gas accounting and relationship with EIP-8130 as implementation work continues. The Hegotá document also leaves the Sepolia, Hoodi and mainnet activation fields blank.

The next measurable steps include updated specifications, execution-client implementations, development networks and interoperability testing with wallets and Layer 2 systems. Developers must also examine mempool denial-of-service risks because programmable validation can make rejecting invalid transactions more computationally expensive.

Testing will determine whether the proposed combination of flexible frames and structured authenticators can meet the needs of Ethereum’s base layer and faster EVM chains. Until activation parameters are published, EIP-8141 remains a scheduled but unfinished part of Hegotá.

Amid a shift in capital flows from Wall Street, US spot XRP ETFs recorded net inflows for 11 consecutive trading days, attracting a total of approximately $170 million during that period. 

Recent data indicates that since the launch of these products, US spot XRP ETFs have seen cumulative net inflows of around $1.68 billion. What do these inflows signify? The sustained influx of capital has heightened market focus on the long-term investment value of XRP, prompting many holders to consider a question: beyond simply waiting for asset appreciation, is it possible to generate additional returns on these digital assets while holding them?

From “holding XRP” to “growing asset value”

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XRP Healthcare said 4,011 XRPH Wallet accounts were affected by unauthorized transactions beginning Sept. 3, with approximately $452,000 in XRP and related assets removed.

XRP Healthcare traces stolen funds to Ethereum

XRP Healthcare initially confirmed unauthorized transactions involving XRP, XRPH, XRPHAI and other assets. The company instructed users to stop using XRPH Wallet until further notice while its developers investigated the compromise.

A subsequent update placed the affected wallet count at approximately 4,011 and the estimated loss at $452,000. The company said investigators traced the assets to one Ethereum address and contacted exchanges and other parties about freezing or recovering them.

Independent on-chain researcher Handy Andy reported that the affected accounts lost 267,664 XRP and approximately 23.2 million XRPH tokens. The researcher said the assets were converted into roughly 445,198 DAI on Ethereum and remained in the destination wallet at the time of the update.

Investigators examine a possible seed phrase leak

Independent investigators attributed the XRPH Wallet breach to its staking function. Their analysis alleged that activating staking caused users’ seed phrases to be transmitted to a remote server.

XRP Healthcare had not published source code, server logs or an independent forensic report confirming that explanation when this article was prepared. The seed phrase exposure therefore remains a researcher finding rather than a company-confirmed root cause.

A seed phrase provides control over every private key generated by a wallet. Anyone obtaining it can reproduce the wallet and authorize transactions without accessing the victim’s phone. Crypto.news previously explained how seed phrases function as master recovery keys and why they should never leave the user’s secure environment.

The reported failure resembles a July incident in which a compromised software package transmitted private keys through a fraudulent telemetry function. However, no evidence currently connects the two cases or their perpetrators.

Former Ripple developers revive earlier concerns

The breach prompted public criticism from developers previously associated with Ripple and the XRP Ledger ecosystem. BiasGoose said he had rejected an earlier grant application from the project because the application showed what he considered clear warning signs.

He later alleged that the team had misrepresented partnerships in its application. Hazard Cookie said earlier reviewers had identified risks that were not publicly visible at the time.

Former Ripple developer Matt Hamilton also referred to the project’s earlier reputation within the community. These statements represent the developers’ accounts. Public grant records or complete audit documents substantiating every allegation were not available.

XRP Healthcare rejected the tone of the criticism and accused former developers of celebrating another team’s losses. Its response called that conduct “genuinely pathetic” and said the company had put its own reputation and capital at risk. The exchange did not resolve the technical questions surrounding the wallet.

Users need new wallets before moving remaining assets

XRP Healthcare must now establish the precise entry point, determine when seed information may have been exposed and identify which application versions were affected. A full postmortem should also explain whether the reported server retained seed phrases and who could access them.

Users who created or imported seed phrases into the affected application cannot rely solely on an app update if those phrases were exposed. Remaining funds should be transferred to newly generated wallets using trusted software. Reusing an old seed would preserve the attacker’s access.

The company has not announced a reimbursement program or recovery deadline. It also has not confirmed whether law enforcement or any exchange successfully froze the traced funds. Users should rely on official channels and reject unsolicited recovery offers requesting keys, seed phrases or payments.

The incident follows a wider rise in wallet and infrastructure compromises. As crypto.news reported, operational security failures caused 74% of stolen funds during the first half of 2026. Separately, Ripple’s recent audit program identified 96 vulnerabilities across proposed XRPL amendments, showing the value of testing before software reaches users.

What is cloud mining?

Since the emergence of Bitcoin in 2009, cryptocurrency mining has become a well-known method of earning profits.

However, the steep costs involved in acquiring the necessary equipment, understanding the technical aspects, and consuming high amounts of energy often deter potential investors. Cloud mining is stepping in as a solution to these barriers, offering a new and accessible way for individuals to participate in Bitcoin mining without the need for expensive hardware or deep technical expertise.

Cloud mining has become the preferred method for individuals and investors to earn Bitcoin. Among the top platforms in 2026, poweralgo stands out for its highly profitable investment plans, secure transactions, and user-friendly mobile applications.

Poweralgo: A leader in cloud mining

Among the companies making waves in the cloud mining space, poweralgo stands out for its innovative approach to leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) in cryptocurrency mining. The platform provides a legal, transparent, and environmentally friendly service that allows users to mine Bitcoin efficiently. With the integration of AI, poweralgo reduces operational costs while enhancing the mining process, ensuring users can focus on maximizing their returns.

AI integration for better efficiency

The success of AI integration in cryptocurrency mining has been a cornerstone of poweralgo’s growth. AI systems help optimize the use of resources, manage equipment more efficiently, and monitor the performance of mining hardware. These improvements result in significant cost savings, enabling the company to pass on benefits to users in the form of more profitable mining operations.

Easy access for global users

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Solana price fell 1.4% on Sept. 7 after another rejection near $107, while weakening capital flows and nearby liquidation clusters increased the risk of further volatility.

Solana price retreats after $107 rejection

According to data from crypto.news, Solana (SOL) price traded lower on Sept. 7 as buyers failed to push the token through a resistance cluster between $106.80 and $107.50.

SOL opened the daily session at $106.46 and rose to an intraday high of $106.80 before reversing. The token subsequently fell as low as $104.22 and closed at $104.97, representing a 1.4% daily decline.

The move kept Solana near the psychological $105 level, which now separates a renewed test of recent highs from a deeper pullback toward its short-term moving averages.

Price action on the 4-hour chart shows that SOL has entered a period of consolidation after a strong rally from around $75 in mid-August. The token reached approximately $110 on Aug. 28 before losing momentum and falling toward $98 at the start of September.

Buyers defended that correction and drove SOL back above $106, but repeated failures around $107 suggest that sellers remain active below the August peak.

Trading activity also appeared to weaken during the latest advance. Reduced participation makes it more difficult for buyers to absorb sell orders and can produce sharper moves around leveraged positions.

SOL remains above key moving averages

Despite the daily decline, Solana continues to trade above all four moving averages shown on the 4-hour chart.

The 20-period simple moving average stands at $103.93, while the 50-period average sits slightly lower at $102.98. Those levels form the first important support area between $103 and $104.

SOL’s 100-period moving average is positioned at $101.26. A decisive 4-hour close below that level would weaken the current recovery structure and expose the psychological $100 mark.

The broader trend remains strong while Solana holds above its 200-period moving average at $89.21. A wide gap between the market price and that longer-term average reflects the scale of the rally that began in August, although it also leaves room for a larger correction if short-term support fails.

Moving-average alignment remains bullish because the shorter averages are positioned above the longer ones. However, Chaikin Money Flow has fallen to -0.15, showing that selling pressure has exceeded buying pressure over the indicator’s measurement period.

Negative CMF readings do not confirm an immediate breakdown, but the divergence between price and capital flows suggests that the latest rebound lacks strong spot-market support.

Liquidation map puts $108 and $103 in focus

CoinGlass’ 24-hour liquidation heatmap shows the largest nearby concentration of leveraged positions around $108.

The bright liquidity band at that level could attract price if SOL recovers above $106 and breaks through the $107 resistance area. Such a move could force short sellers to close positions, potentially accelerating an advance toward $109 and the recent peak near $110.

Additional overhead liquidity appears around $108.80, $109.50, and $110. A sustained breakout above $110 would establish a higher high and support an extension of the August rally.

Downside liquidity is more dispersed. The closest notable clusters appear between $103 and $104, followed by another concentration around $102.50. A break below $104 could therefore trigger long liquidations and pull SOL toward the $102.98–$103.93 moving-average zone.

The $101.26 average would become the next technical defense if that area fails. Below it, $100 represents both a psychological level and the approximate base of Solana’s latest rebound.

Daily signals show momentum is cooling

The daily chart presents a mixed outlook. Solana remains above its Supertrend support at $90.68, leaving the wider recovery structure intact despite the rejection from $109.

Aroon readings, however, show that near-term momentum has weakened. The Aroon Up indicator stands at 0%, while Aroon Down is at 21.43%. Neither reading signals a strong trend, but the lack of a recent high explains why buyers have struggled to extend the rally.

The chart places the next major Supertrend resistance near $110.68. SOL would need to close above that level to strengthen the bullish case and open a possible move into the $115 region.

A daily close below $100 would shift attention toward $95 and the Supertrend support near $90.68. That level also marks the point below which the broader bullish structure would face a more serious test.

Analysts see another Solana move developing

Analyst Wayne Liang said Solana could begin another upward leg after the token’s roughly 45% rally from an earlier buy signal near $75 to a sell signal around $109.

Liang said his indicator may be approaching another buy signal, although the chart had not confirmed one at the time of the post. The analyst’s view supports a possible continuation scenario but depends on SOL maintaining its rising trend structure.

Team LAMBO Charts separately described the $70–$95 range as an accumulation zone preceding an expansion phase. However, the post said SOL was already above $140, a figure that conflicts with both the attached chart and the observed market price near $105. The broader accumulation-to-expansion interpretation may still apply, but the stated price cannot be treated as current.

For US traders, expectations around Federal Reserve policy remain an external risk for SOL and other high-beta crypto assets. Higher-for-longer interest rates generally reduce demand for speculative assets, while any shift toward easier financial conditions could improve the backdrop for an upside breakout.

In the short term, $103–$104 is the main support zone, while $107–$108 remains the first barrier. Whichever side breaks first could determine whether SOL retests $110 or returns toward $100.