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Doctor Explains How Prostate Cancer Screening And Treatment Have Evolved To Reduce Unnecessary Biopsies

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Doctor Explains How Prostate Cancer Screening And Treatment Have Evolved

Roughly 1 in 8 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer during their lifetime, according to the American Cancer Society, and the disease remains the second-leading cause of cancer death among American men. The National Cancer Institute estimates more than 333,000 new prostate cancer cases will be diagnosed in the United States this year alone.

Despite those numbers, Dr. Mina Fam, medical director of urologic oncology at Hackensack Meridian Jersey Shore University Medical Center and medical director of robotic surgery at Ocean University Medical Center, said the outlook for most men diagnosed with the disease is considerably better than the statistics might initially suggest.

“Most men diagnosed with prostate cancer do not die from it,” Fam said, pointing to significant advances in early detection and treatment that have reshaped how doctors approach the disease in recent years.

Fam emphasized that a patient’s primary care doctor plays a central role in catching prostate cancer early, given the ongoing relationship most men already have with that physician.

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“The primary care doctor is the one who knows the patient’s medical history the best,” Fam said.

Because men can sometimes feel hesitant to discuss urinary or sexual health concerns with their doctors, Fam encouraged patients to be direct and honest about any fears or symptoms when prostate health comes up during an appointment.

The prostate-specific antigen, or PSA, blood test has returned to its position as a standard starting point for prostate cancer screening after a period during which some in the medical community had moved away from relying on it. Fam said the purpose of the test is not to trigger unnecessary alarm, but to establish a baseline that can help doctors track meaningful changes over time.

“The goal of the test isn’t to overdiagnose but rather to establish a healthy baseline and catch any potential issues early,” Fam said.

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Screening timelines vary depending on individual risk factors, according to Fam, who outlined general guidance for when men should begin discussing screening with their doctors. Men at average risk should begin those conversations around age 50. Black men and those with a family history of prostate cancer, both groups considered at higher risk, should start discussions closer to age 45. Men with a known genetic predisposition, such as a BRCA mutation, face hereditary risk and should begin screening conversations between ages 40 and 45.

Fam stressed that interpreting PSA results requires more nuance than simply checking whether a number falls above or below a specific threshold.

“A PSA test isn’t a simple ‘pass or fail,’” Fam said. “It’s the trend — how your PSA levels change over time — along with your age and prostate density, that is far more revealing than the absolute number on your lab report.”

One of the more significant shifts in prostate cancer care in recent years involves how doctors respond to an elevated PSA reading. According to Fam, an elevated score once led almost automatically to a prostate biopsy, a pattern that has since changed considerably as newer diagnostic tools have become available.

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“In the past, anyone with an elevated PSA would get a prostate biopsy, but that’s not the case anymore,” Fam said. “Today, specialists utilize advanced MRI tests, alongside new blood and urine biomarkers, to accurately determine if a biopsy is truly necessary.”

For patients who do ultimately need a biopsy, Fam said technological improvements have made the procedure considerably safer and more tolerable than many men expect.

“While doctors are always mindful of minimizing risks like sepsis, modern biopsies are not always the highly invasive or painful procedures men might fear,” Fam said.

Fam also addressed a common misconception surrounding prostate cancer symptoms, noting that sudden urinary changes are frequently misinterpreted by patients as a likely sign of cancer.

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“Frequently point to completely benign non-cancerous prostate conditions,” Fam said of such symptoms, adding that early-stage prostate cancer often presents with no noticeable symptoms at all, a key reason routine screening remains so important for catching the disease before it advances.

Even when a diagnosis is confirmed, Fam said patients should not assume aggressive treatment is automatically necessary. Depending on the specific characteristics of a given cancer, he said many men are well-suited to a strategy known as active surveillance, in which doctors closely monitor the cancer over time rather than pursuing immediate intervention.

“Many men are excellent candidates for active surveillance, which is a safe strategy of closely monitoring the cancer without immediate medical intervention,” Fam said.

Fam closed by encouraging men not to let discomfort or fear stand in the way of prioritizing their long-term health.

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“Don’t let fear or embarrassment keep you from prioritizing your health,” Fam said. “Routine screenings are simple, highly individualized, and life-saving.”

The broader shift Fam described, from reflexive biopsies toward more targeted, individualized diagnostic pathways using MRI imaging and newer biomarker tests, reflects a wider trend across oncology in recent years, as doctors increasingly aim to avoid unnecessary invasive procedures while still catching aggressive cancers early enough to treat them effectively. For prostate cancer specifically, that shift has meant fewer men undergoing biopsies that ultimately reveal no cancer or only slow-growing disease unlikely to ever threaten their health, while still preserving the ability to identify and treat more aggressive cases before they progress.

As with any specific health concern, men with questions about their individual prostate cancer risk, screening schedule or treatment options are encouraged to discuss their circumstances directly with their own doctor, given how significantly personal factors such as age, race, family history and genetic background can shape the most appropriate approach to screening and care.

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Primo Brands: Strong Q2 Confirms Bullish Thesis (NYSE:PRMB)

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Primo Brands: Strong Q2 Confirms Bullish Thesis (NYSE:PRMB)

This article was written by

I am a specialist in Asian equities after having been a sellside analyst for 13 years. In addition, I have also spent time covering US hardware and semiconductor stocks on the sellside. Within Asia, I have covered the casino, automotive, industrial, consumer and technology sectors. I have also worked on the buyside as a fund manager in long only and as an analyst in hedge funds all covering Asian equities where I have developed a keen understanding of Asian companies and economies with a focus on China. From a global equities perspective, I enjoy covering companies globally by examining key metrics such as financial statements strength, valuation upside, and conducting proper analysis of the competitive advantages of the company. Throughout my career, I have found and written on undiscovered small cap companies which have increased in equity value by multiple times. I would like to write for Seeking Alpha where my goal is to help investors cut through the noise and to focus on fundamentals and the company’s competitive outlook instead of the momentum trade.

Analyst’s Disclosure: I/we have no stock, option or similar derivative position in any of the companies mentioned, and no plans to initiate any such positions within the next 72 hours. I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article.

Seeking Alpha’s Disclosure: Past performance is no guarantee of future results. No recommendation or advice is being given as to whether any investment is suitable for a particular investor. Any views or opinions expressed above may not reflect those of Seeking Alpha as a whole. Seeking Alpha is not a licensed securities dealer, broker or US investment adviser or investment bank. Our analysts are third party authors that include both professional investors and individual investors who may not be licensed or certified by any institute or regulatory body.

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Best Business Credit Cards In The Philippines

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business credit cards

Running a business requires more than just hard work—it also requires smart financial management. Whether you’re a startup founder, freelancer, online seller, contractor, or owner of a growing SME, having the best business credit card in the Philippines can help improve cash flow, earn valuable rewards, simplify expense tracking, and even provide emergency funding when needed.

Business credit cards have become an essential financial tool for entrepreneurs because they offer benefits that personal credit cards often don’t. From cashback on office supplies to travel rewards for business trips and extended payment terms for inventory purchases, choosing the right card can save your business thousands of pesos every year.

business credit cards

In this guide, we’ll discuss how business credit cards work, their advantages, and the factors you should consider before applying.

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Why Your Business Needs a Business Credit Card

Many Filipino entrepreneurs still rely on personal credit cards for business expenses. While this may work initially, it often creates accounting problems and makes expense tracking difficult.

A dedicated business credit card allows you to:

  • Separate personal and business expenses.
  • Improve bookkeeping and accounting.
  • Manage company cash flow more effectively.
  • Build your business credit profile.
  • Earn cashback, travel miles, or reward points.
  • Receive purchase protection and insurance benefits.
  • Access installment plans for large purchases.

For businesses that regularly purchase supplies, pay for digital advertising, or travel frequently, these benefits can quickly outweigh the annual fees.

Benefits of Business Credit Cards

1. Better Cash Flow Management

One of the biggest advantages is extending your payment period. Instead of paying suppliers immediately, you can use your credit card and pay during the next billing cycle.

This provides additional working capital that can be used for inventory, payroll, or operational expenses.

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2. Cashback Rewards

Many business credit cards offer cashback on categories such as:

  • Fuel
  • Office supplies
  • Utilities
  • Dining
  • Online advertising
  • Telecommunications

These savings accumulate over time and reduce overall operating costs.

3. Reward Points

Reward points can often be redeemed for:

  • Gift certificates
  • Office equipment
  • Travel vouchers
  • Airline miles
  • Cash credits

For businesses with high monthly spending, rewards can become a valuable source of additional savings.

4. Travel Benefits

Business owners who travel frequently can enjoy:

  • Airport lounge access
  • Travel insurance
  • Airline miles
  • Hotel discounts
  • Priority check-in

These perks improve the overall travel experience while reducing travel expenses.

Features to Look for in a Business Credit Card

Low Annual Fees

Compare annual membership fees and determine whether the benefits justify the cost. Some banks waive annual fees based on spending requirements.

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High Credit Limits

Businesses with significant monthly expenses should look for higher credit limits to avoid maxing out their cards.

Flexible Installment Options

Installment conversion allows businesses to spread payments over several months without straining cash flow.

Expense Management Tools

Some banks provide online dashboards and downloadable statements that simplify accounting and tax preparation.

Fraud Protection

Choose cards with:

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  • Real-time SMS alerts
  • Mobile app controls
  • Purchase protection
  • Zero liability protection

Common Business Expenses You Can Charge

  • Office rent
  • Utilities
  • Internet subscriptions
  • Software subscriptions
  • Facebook Ads
  • Google Ads
  • Office furniture
  • Laptops
  • Printers
  • Business travel
  • Hotel bookings
  • Fuel
  • Inventory purchases
  • Courier services
  • Employee meals during meetings

How to Choose the Right Business Credit Card

Not every business has the same spending habits.

Consider these questions:

  • Do you spend heavily on fuel?
  • Do you travel frequently?
  • Do you run online advertisements?
  • Do you need installment financing?
  • Do you prefer cashback over reward points?
  • Will multiple employees use supplementary cards?

Answering these questions helps narrow down the most suitable option.

Tips for Using Business Credit Cards Responsibly

Pay the Full Balance Every Month

Avoid carrying balances whenever possible. Interest charges can quickly outweigh any cashback or rewards earned.

Track Employee Spending

If your company issues supplementary cards, establish clear spending limits and regularly review transactions.

Keep Receipts

Maintain receipts for accounting, tax filing, and auditing purposes.

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Monitor Your Statements

Review your monthly statement to identify unauthorized transactions and billing errors.

Who Should Get a Business Credit Card?

Business credit cards are ideal for:

  • Small business owners
  • Freelancers
  • Online sellers
  • Importers
  • Contractors
  • Consultants
  • Professionals with business expenses
  • Corporations
  • Partnerships
  • Startups

Common Requirements When Applying

Although requirements vary by bank, applicants are commonly asked to provide:

  • Government-issued IDs
  • Business permits
  • SEC or DTI registration
  • BIR Certificate of Registration
  • Latest Income Tax Return
  • Bank statements
  • Financial statements
  • Proof of business income

Some banks may also require a minimum annual business revenue or years in operation.

Mistakes to Avoid

  • Using business cards for personal shopping.
  • Making only minimum payments.
  • Applying for multiple cards simultaneously.
  • Ignoring annual fees.
  • Missing payment due dates.
  • Not monitoring employee purchases.
  • Exceeding your available credit limit.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can sole proprietors apply?

Yes. Many Philippine banks allow sole proprietors with registered businesses to apply, provided they meet income and documentation requirements.

Can freelancers get a business credit card?

Yes. Freelancers with consistent income and proper business registration may qualify depending on the bank’s underwriting policies.

Is a business credit card different from a corporate card?

Yes. Business credit cards are generally intended for small businesses and entrepreneurs, while corporate cards are designed for larger companies with multiple employees and centralized expense management.

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Does using a business credit card improve credit history?

Responsible usage, such as paying on time and maintaining low balances, can strengthen your financial profile with the issuing bank and may support future financing applications.

The right business credit card is more than just a convenient payment method—it is a valuable financial tool that helps entrepreneurs manage cash flow, simplify accounting, earn rewards, and finance business growth.

Before applying, compare annual fees, interest rates, reward programs, cashback categories, travel benefits, and eligibility requirements. The best choice depends on your company’s spending habits and financial goals.

Used responsibly, a business credit card can become an important part of your company’s financial strategy while helping you save money, improve operational efficiency, and access additional purchasing power whenever opportunities arise.

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China’s exports up 25% y/y in August, imports surge 28.2%

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China’s exports up 25% y/y in August, imports surge 28.2%

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Gold rises as yen surge weakens dollar; oil and Fed bets cap gains

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Gold rises as yen surge weakens dollar; oil and Fed bets cap gains

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1,500 pounds of ready-to-eat pork recalled over Listeria contamination risk

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1,500 pounds of ready-to-eat pork recalled over Listeria contamination risk

More than 1,500 pounds of imported ready-to-eat pork products have been recalled over concerns about possible listeria contamination.

Two U.S.-based companies are issuing recalls for a total of about 1,513 pounds of dry-cured pork jowl products, also known as guanciale, the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service (FSIS) announced on Sunday.

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The recall is classified as a Class I recall, the USDA’s most serious recall classification, indicating there is a reasonable probability that consuming the products could cause serious adverse health consequences or death.

Florida-based Prime Line Distributors, Inc. and New Jersey-based Ferrarini USA, Inc. recalled two products each over fears they “may be adulterated with Listeria monocytogenes (Lm),” FSIS said in its announcement.

E COLI BLUEBERRY EXPANDING TO FROZEN MIXED BERRY PACKAGES SOLD AT WALMART IN 16 STATES

Prime Line Distributors, Inc. Pork Jowl

More than 1,500 pounds of imported ready-to-eat pork products have been recalled over concerns about possible listeria contamination. (U.S. Department of Agriculture’s Food Safety and Inspection Service)

Prime Line Distributors recalled various weight cardboard cases of two individually vacuum-packed “Prime Line Distributors, Inc. Guanciale Pork Jowl Product of Italy” items and various weight individually vacuum-packaged “Guanciale Pork Jowl Product of Italy” items.

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Ferrarini USA recalled various weight cardboard cases with two pieces of individually vacuum-packed “Guanciale Pork Jowl Product of Italy” and various weight individually vacuum-packed “Ferrarini Guanciale Dry-Cured Pork Jowl” products.

Each of these recalled products include a best if used by date of May 16, 2027, and a lot number of 263311US printed on the label. The items also have the establishment number IT 1937 L CE printed inside the Italian mark of inspection or on the items’ case label.

The affected food items were produced at Est. 1937L Bome SRL in Italy on May 21 and imported into the U.S. in July.

Chopped dry-cured pork cheeks - Italian guanchiale

The issue was discovered during routine import reinspection testing, when a product sample confirmed positive for Listeria monocytogenes (Lm). (Getty Images / Getty Images)

The recalled Prime Line Distributors food items were sent to food service and retail companies in Florida, while the Ferrarini USA products were shipped to distributors and food service locations in California, Florida, Idaho, Illinois, Michigan, New Jersey, New York and Texas.

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The issue was discovered during routine import reinspection testing, when a product sample confirmed positive for Listeria monocytogenes (Lm).

Consumption of food contaminated with Lm can cause listeriosis, a serious infection that primarily affects older adults, people with weakened immune systems and pregnant women and their newborns.

Listeriosis can cause fever, muscle aches, headache, stiff neck, confusion, loss of balance and convulsions, sometimes preceded by diarrhea or other gastrointestinal symptoms. An invasive infection spreads beyond the gastrointestinal tract.

POPULAR SQUISHY TOYS RECALLED OVER POTENTIALLY DEADLY WATER BEAD HAZARD

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Outside of the USDA building.

FSIS is concerned that some products may be in food service and retail refrigerators and freezers. (J. David Ake/Getty Images / Getty Images)

In pregnant women, the infection can cause miscarriages, stillbirths, premature delivery or life-threatening infection of the newborn. In addition, serious and sometimes fatal infections can occur in older adults and people with weakened immune systems.

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FSIS advised that people in higher-risk groups experiencing flu-like symptoms within two months of eating contaminated items should seek medical attention.

There have been no confirmed reports of illness in connection with the consumption of these products. Anyone concerned about an illness is urged to contact a healthcare provider.

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“FSIS is concerned that some products may be in food service and retail refrigerators and freezers. Food service and retail locations are urged not to serve or sell these products,” the agency said.

Food items affected by the recall should be discarded or returned to the place of purchase.

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Gold rises as dollar eases; US inflation data on radar

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Gold rises as dollar eases; US inflation data on radar
Gold prices nudged higher on Tuesday as the U.S. dollar slipped, with focus on upcoming inflation data that could shape expectations for the Federal Reserve’s next policy move.

FUNDAMENTALS

Spot gold was up 0.3% at $4,418.79 per ounce, as of 0048 GMT. U.S. gold futures ‌for December ⁠delivery ⁠were down 0.3% at $4,464.80.
The U.S. dollar index slipped 0.3%, making greenback-priced metals more affordable for other currency holders.

The U.S. producer price index ​data is due on Thursday, and the consumer price index data is scheduled for Friday.

Gold prices fell ​on Sept. 4 after data showed ⁠U.S. job growth ‌accelerated sharply in August, while the ​unemployment rate held ​steady at 4.1%.

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According to the CME ⁠FedWatch Tool, traders currently see a 60% chance ​of a rate hike at the Fed’s ​policy meeting next week.
Despite being known as an inflation hedge, elevated rates tend to reduce the appeal of non-yielding gold.Deutsche Bank now expects the European Central Bank to raise interest rates by 25 basis points ‌in December in addition to a September hike, as persistent energy risks keep pressure on the ​inflation outlook.

On the geopolitical ⁠front, Iran threatened to retaliate against any new U.S. attacks on its assets, warning that energy infrastructure across the Gulf, including ​U.S. oil and gas interests, was vulnerable.

Among other metals, spot silver gained 0.3% at $66.34 per ounce, platinum rose 0.6% at $1,836.97 and palladium climbed 0.9% to $1,401.47.

DATA/EVENTS (GMT)

N/A China Exports, Imports YY Aug

N/A China Trade Balance USD Aug

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Global Market Today: Asia stocks waver as yen surges, Iran warns of retaliation

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Global Market Today: Asia stocks waver as yen surges, Iran warns of retaliation
SINGAPORE: The yen surged on Tuesday, while Asian markets struggled for direction as a mixed batch of regional economic data and fresh Iranian threats in the Persian Gulf drove oil prices and bond yields higher.

Japan’s Nikkei 225 fluctuated between gains and losses before ‌edging up 0.2%, ⁠as ⁠the yen jumped as much as 0.6% to 153.51, its strongest level since February 18.

MSCI’s broadest index of Asia-Pacific shares ​outside Japan was up 0.2%, led by a 1.2% gain in the KOSPI. S&P 500 e-mini futures were down 0.1% after ​a holiday in the U.S. on Monday.

“While U.S. Labor Day made for a somewhat quieter start to the week for trading volumes, the weekend’s tit-for-tat strikes between the U.S. and Iran continued to ​put upward pressure on oil prices, acting as a drag ⁠on risk sentiment ‌more broadly,” Westpac analysts said.

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Oil prices moved higher for a third day as trading resumed in Asia, with Brent crude futures edging up 0.04% to $97.04 a barrel, after ⁠hitting a six-week high on Monday after Iran threatened to retaliate against any new attacks by targeting energy infrastructure across the Gulf, including U.S. oil and gas interests.


The yield on the U.S. 10-year Treasury bond was up 0.6 basis points at 4.788%. Traders are still pricing an implied 60% probability of a 25-basis-points hike at its next two-day meeting on September 16, according to the CME Group’s FedWatch tool, about the same chance as a week ago.
The U.S. dollar index, which measures the greenback’s strength against a basket of six currencies, ‌was trading around a two-week low of 98.82.On the broader economic front, the growth picture appeared mixed as data released Tuesday blew hot and cold.

Japan’s economy grew ​faster than ​initially estimated in the April-June quarter ⁠from the previous three months, supported by business spending, revised data showed on Tuesday, but the figure still lagged analysts’ forecasts.

Meanwhile, data showed Japanese real wages rose 2.4% in July from a year earlier, ​marking the biggest increase since May 2021.

“With wage growth going from strength to strength, the case for the Bank of Japan to hasten the pace of tightening is becoming increasingly compelling,” Capital Economics analysts wrote in a research report.

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Over in Australia, shares slumped 0.6% after a measure of local consumer sentiment fell sharply in September.

Gold was up 0.5% at $4,428.23, while in cryptocurrencies, bitcoin nudged 0.1% higher to $79,333.01, while ether climbed 0.2% to $2,498.94.

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‘I performed on stage to get my first job’ – the firms turning recruitment into competitions

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A woman with short reddish hair with a neutral expression faces the camera while sitting a room with black and brown wallpaper.

Melissa Alcruz now works in marketing for a US real estate business based in New York City, but in the past she did the same job for TV channel MTV.

While at MTV she competed in an internal competition for a promotion that she says was referred to as a “bake-off”. Candidates had to come up with sponsorship and marketing campaigns, and then pitch to a room of seven people.

“This is intimidating, even for a seasoned professional. I ultimately got the job, but even though I won I disliked the process,” says Alcruz.

She points out that she already had a demanding full-time role at the company, and was then “expected to complete several substantial projects” for the competition in her spare time.

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MTV’s current parent company, Paramount Skydance Corporation, has been asked for a comment.

Former recruitment consultant Katrina Collier, now an author, speaker and recruiter trainer, is concerned that competition-based recruitment processes that potentially require candidates to give up lots of their time for free can create “economic discrimination”.

“Not everyone can take time, possibly months, to participate in the challenges for the chance to secure one of a limited number of roles,” she says. “Does that mean only people from financially strong backgrounds proceed?

“Is that leaving talented applicants who don’t have the bank of mum or dad, for example, unable to take part?”

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Trump threatens to stop sale of Canadian Bombardier jets in US

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A woman with short reddish hair with a neutral expression faces the camera while sitting a room with black and brown wallpaper.

President Donald Trump has warned Canadian aircraft company Bombardier that it can no longer sell in the US unless it moves its manufacturing there.

“NO MORE SELLING BOMBARDIER IN THE UNITED STATES!” Trump wrote in a Truth Social post on Monday. “If they want our Market, they must build here, and stop treating America like a ‘piggybank’.”

The move comes amid an escalating trade war between the two neighbours, and hours before Canadian retaliatory tariffs are set to be imposed on $20bn (£14.7bn) worth of US goods.

In a statement, Bombardier underscored that it employed thousands of American workers and said it valued its partnerships with American companies.

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The BBC has reached out to Prime Minister Mark Carney’s office for comment.

It is unclear how Trump intends to block Bombardier from doing business in the US.

The Montreal-based company already operates a factory in the US state of Kansas that builds special mission military planes, and employs 3,500 American workers.

It also operates sites in Texas, Arizona, Florida, Connecticut, Illinois, Delaware, California, DC and New Jersey.

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About half of its fleet – 5,100 aircraft – is operated by Bombardier customers based in the US.

In a statement on Monday, Bombardier did not address Trump’s threat directly, but said its operations “create tens of thousands of US jobs through the company’s growing American footprint”.

“Bombardier values its great partnership with American companies and its US employees,” its statement said. “Our plan is to continue to invest in our people, our customers and the communities in which we operate across the country.”

Bombardier’s jets are built at facilities in Canada, the US and Mexico, according to the company’s website. They also comply with the North American free trade agreement signed by Trump during his first term, known as CUSMA in Canada and the USMCA in the US.

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The company is one of Canada’s largest, having contributed C$7.4bn ($5.4bn; £4bn) to the country’s GDP in 2024, according to a report commissioned by Bombardier.

It is also one of the largest employers in Quebec’s manufacturing sector.

In a post on X on Monday, Quebec premier Christine Fréchette called the company “a source of pride” for her province and “a flagship of our economy”.

She added that she has reached out to Bombardier CEO Éric Martel and offered her government’s full support.

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On Trump’s threat, Fréchette wrote: “I will not respond to provocation with provocation.”

“Quebec will not allow anyone to dictate where our companies must produce in order to access a market.”

Trade talks between Canada and the US collapsed late last month after Canada walked away from the negotiating table, after which the US imposed new 50% tariffs on a range of Canadian goods.

Prime Minister Carney accused the Trump administration of presenting last-minute terms that were “unfair” and “uneconomic”, while US officials accused him of refusing to sign a deal for political reasons because of Trump’s unpopularity in Canada – an accusation he denied.

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Filmmaker Alex Gibney Says New Elon Musk Documentary ‘Upends The Myth’ Of Tech Titan’s Genius

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Disney Channels Remain Blocked on YouTube TV, Causing $30 Million

VENICE, Italy — Documentary filmmaker Alex Gibney says his nearly four-hour film “Musk,” which premiered this week at the Venice Film Festival, dismantles the popular image of Elon Musk as a modern-day inventor, arguing instead that the billionaire’s true skill lies in convincing investors to believe in visions that rarely align with reality.

Gibney, whose past subjects have included Enron, Theranos founder Elizabeth Holmes, the Church of Scientology, and U.S. military abuses at Bagram and Abu Ghraib, told The Associated Press that nothing in his career compares to the sheer scope of power held by Musk. Bleecker Street is set to release the documentary in theaters in October.

Asked why he chose to make a film about Musk, Gibney said the project began with an outside pitch in early 2023 that he was initially hesitant to pursue.

“A number of people came to me a few years ago, actually early 2023, and said, would you like to make a film about him?” Gibney said. “And I initially wasn’t sure, but a really good friend of mine convinced me that it was a good idea because it would be a portrait of kind of 21st century power. And so with that, I dug in.”

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Gibney said his research led him to a conclusion that reframes the source of Musk’s influence entirely, tracing it not to invention but to his ability to project confidence about ambitious futures.

“I think the source of his power comes from, how should I put this, bulls—?” Gibney said. “That is to say, his ability to speak with confidence about the future in ways that convince people to invest in his companies. It’s really a future that rarely is in sync with facts or evidence or any remote possibility. So that is really what I discovered. That and the fact I think his genius, if there is a genius, is that he is not an inventor, he’s an investor. His genius is stock pumping.”

The documentary also examines Musk’s political shift toward President Donald Trump, a move Gibney said surprised many who had previously viewed Musk as a favorite of environmentally minded audiences because of his leadership at Tesla. Gibney said his research pointed to two underlying motivations he had initially underestimated.

“I discovered two things,” Gibney said. “One is, in a way, it was a predictable transition because he goes where the federal government money is. But the other reason is his companies were facing an enormous number of federal investigations. And indeed, Tesla was under criminal investigation. But out of that case, there was a good chance that under a Kamala Harris administration, he might go to prison. He joked about that on the Tucker Carlson show. I think those were two key motivators that I had initially underestimated.”

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Gibney said common explanations attributing Musk’s political shift to opposition against progressive social movements did not hold up under closer scrutiny.

“A lot of people clocked it to the woke mind virus,” Gibney said. “After doing some research, I didn’t see it that way.”

Reflecting on how Musk compares to the other powerful figures and institutions he has profiled throughout his career, Gibney said the scale of Musk’s influence stands apart, even as the underlying psychological pattern feels familiar.

“Nothing compares to this in terms of the scope of his power,” Gibney said. “What’s interesting about Musk is it’s not so much something that’s new as an old wine in a new bottle.” Gibney described Musk as exhibiting what he called “noble cause corruption,” in which a genuine belief in an important mission, in Musk’s case making humanity multiplanetary and advancing sustainable energy, becomes a justification for increasingly questionable conduct in pursuit of that goal.

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“Musk is not dissimilar from the guys at Enron,” Gibney said. “He’s not dissimilar from Elizabeth Holmes in the way that he bent the truth to serve his impulses. The one big difference with Musk is that he has companies, SpaceX and Tesla, which contain a great number of very qualified engineers and executive leaders.”

Gibney’s film has already drawn a public response from its subject. Musk previously called the documentary a “hit piece” on social media, prompting a direct reply from Gibney asking how Musk could make that judgment. Asked whether he approaches his subjects willing to have his own assumptions challenged, Gibney said bias is inevitable but that he remains committed to following facts wherever they lead.

“There is always bias, but I’m always willing to have my assumptions challenged,” Gibney said. “I started off as a kind of an admirer and was honest in my desire to want to talk to him, but ultimately he didn’t want to talk to me. Then you start digging into the facts and you follow them where they lead. And where they led for me was to a place that upended the myth, I would say, of Elon Musk as a kind of modern Leonardo da Vinci.”

Asked whether Musk attempted to interfere with the film’s production, Gibney said the more significant obstacle came not from Musk directly but from the fear he inspired in people close to him, including both supporters and critics within his companies.

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“He didn’t really except in so far as the fact that people were terribly afraid to speak to me on the record, or at least on camera,” Gibney said. “They were just terrified of Elon. And these were people in his companies. These were people who knew him well. These were supporters and critics. A lot of people close to him who were his admirers would say, ‘I can’t talk to you unless I get Elon’s permission.’ I thought, wow, for such a big and powerful person, that seems awfully weak.”

Given the film’s nearly four-hour runtime, Gibney addressed a question he said comes up frequently when people learn of the project’s length.

“When I told people that there was going to be a nearly four-hour Elon Musk documentary, the first question was ‘did he make it about himself?’” Gibney was asked, to which he responded that the film differs substantially from other recent documentaries centered on public figures close to political power, joking that “this probably doesn’t share that much with the Melania documentary.” Gibney added that despite its serious subject matter, he intended the film itself to remain engaging for audiences.

“One of the things I would say about the film is it’s a dark and dangerous topic, but the film itself is a fun ride,” Gibney said.

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“Musk” is among the most anticipated titles at this year’s Venice Film Festival, arriving amid sustained public fascination with the billionaire’s expanding influence across technology, politics and global business. With its theatrical release set for October through Bleecker Street, the documentary is expected to reignite public debate over Musk’s legacy and the sources of his power, following its high-profile premiere on the festival’s international stage this week.

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