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Bitcoin, Gold Post Worst YTD Returns Among Major Assets, Challenging Their Safe Haven Status

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Bitcoin (BTC) and gold are the only two major asset classes in the red so far in 2026, posting year-to-date losses of 27% and 3%, respectively, according to market analyst Charlie Bilello.

What makes it unusual is not just the losses themselves but the combination, with both assets never having finished as the two worst performers among the majors in a calendar year, going back to 2011.

Rotation Showing Up Across Markets

The backdrop makes the situation harder to explain, as Bilello pointed out in a recent market report. Data he shared showed the S&P 500 was up around 9% on the year, and small-cap stocks had gained 19% in the same period. Furthermore, he noted that value stocks have jumped 15%, and emerging market equities were outperforming expectations.

Basically, everything is in positive territory except for gold and BTC, the two assets most commonly associated with protection against uncertain times as well as monetary debasement.

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The analyst’s chart, which has tracked annual returns for the last 15 years, showed just how out of character this performance is for both assets. Gold posted gains of 63.7% in 2025 and 26.7% in 2024, while Bitcoin returned 121% in 2024 and had one of its best showings in 2013 when total returns hit 5,500%.

Looking at the long-run numbers, they’re also quite impressive, with BTC’s cumulative returns since 2011 sitting at 21,000,000%, annualized at 121.6%, while gold has returned 179% in total over the same period. And while the current drawdown doesn’t erase that history, it’s certainly raising questions about what role these assets are playing in 2026.

According to Bilello, part of what’s happening is down to rotation, with the tech sector seeing a 28% outperformance vs. the S&P 500 off the March lows, which he says is the largest such move ever recorded, being even bigger than the 1999-2000 dot-com run.

Tech now accounts for close to 40% of the S&P 500, some way above the 35% peak seen at the height of the dot-com bubble, and in such an environment, the market observer says capital has opted to move to assets with earnings momentum rather than staying on stores of value with little to no yield.

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Price Action in Gold and BTC

At the time of writing, the world’s foremost cryptocurrency was trading above $66,000, having touched $67,000 for the first time in two weeks earlier in the day. That uptick followed news that the United States and Iran were due to sign a peace deal later in the week in Switzerland, which briefly lifted sentiment across risk assets.

Gold, meanwhile, is trading around $4,300 per troy ounce, with a weekly range between $4,025 and $4,340, and a 3% year-to-date dip that looks modest when compared to the cryptocurrency’s, even though it still represents an unusual reversal for an asset that spent much of the last two years at or near record highs.

The post Bitcoin, Gold Post Worst YTD Returns Among Major Assets, Challenging Their Safe Haven Status appeared first on CryptoPotato.

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Solana Scores Crypto’s First Moody’s Credit Ratings Onchain

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Solana Scores Crypto’s First Moody’s Credit Ratings Onchain

Breaking Solana news: Moody’s Ratings deployed its credit ratings infrastructure on Solana mainnet on June 17, 2026, through a partnership with AlphaLedger, making Solana the first major public, permissionless blockchain to carry live Moody’s credit ratings in machine-readable form.

The integration embeds ratings directly into the token metadata of tokenized bonds and other fixed income securities, meaning the credit signal travels with the asset on-chain rather than sitting behind a proprietary terminal.

For institutional participants building on Solana’s RWA stack, this closes one of the most obvious gaps in tokenized debt markets: access to standardized, independent credit analysis at the protocol level.

The distinction from Moody’s earlier Canton Network rollout matters structurally. Canton is a permissioned, institutional-grade blockchain with a defined set of vetted participants.

Solana is open infrastructure, any wallet, trading venue, or DeFi protocol can now query Moody’s credit data directly from on-chain token metadata without credentialing through a closed network. That shift from permissioned to permissionless delivery is what makes this announcement materially different from what Moody’s has done before.

Discover: The Best Crypto to Diversify Your Portfolio

Solana News: How the Token Integration Engine Actually Works on Solana

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Moody’s Token Integration Engine, known as TIE, is designed as network-agnostic infrastructure: ratings are assigned off-chain using Moody’s standard methodology, then pushed on-chain via API through

AlphaLedger’s platform, where they are embedded into the token metadata of the underlying security. When a rating changes, upgrade or downgrade, that update propagates on-chain automatically, so any application consuming the data gets a live credit signal rather than a static snapshot.

The system was first validated in a June 2025 proof-of-concept on Solana’s devnet, where AlphaLedger simulated a municipal bond issuance, Moody’s ran a full credit assessment, and the resulting rating was written into the token’s metadata and made queryable by smart contracts.

The mainnet rollout scales that proof-of-concept to production, with early focus on U.S. municipal bonds and other fixed income instruments.

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Manish Dutta, Chief Executive Officer of AlphaLedger, said the integration allows tokenized markets to use the same credit information that investors rely on in traditional fixed-income markets. That framing is precise: the goal is not to create a parallel ratings system but to make the existing one programmatically accessible on a public chain.

Rajeev Bamra, Head of Digital Economy Strategy at Moody’s Ratings, said investors increasingly need access to independent credit analysis in on-chain environments.

The specific problem TIE targets is automated risk management, giving DeFi protocols and digital asset platforms a trusted, machine-readable credit input they can use for collateral decisions, margin policies, and investment eligibility filters without routing through proprietary data feeds.

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That use case has been largely theoretical in tokenized bond markets until now.

Discover: The Best Token Presales

Solana’s Institutional RWA Position: What This Integration Confirms

The Moody’s integration arrives as Solana’s institutional real-world assets pipeline has deepened considerably. Western Union launched a U.S. dollar stablecoin on the network targeting lower-cost remittances.

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Blockchain developer R3, whose Corda network counts HSBC, Bank of America, the Bank of Italy, and the Monetary Authority of Singapore as participants, partnered with the Solana Foundation to port tokenized assets from Corda onto Solana.

Asset managers including BlackRock, Franklin Templeton, and Apollo have already launched tokenized investment products across the broader RWA space. Boston Consulting Group and Ripple estimate the tokenized asset market could reach $18.9 trillion by 2033.

Source: Total RWA Value on Solana / RWA.XYZ

Nick Ducoff, Head of Institutional Growth at the Solana Foundation, said the Moody’s integration improves transparency and accessibility for tokenized assets on the network.

The more concrete read is that embedding Big Three credit ratings into on-chain securities removes a key objection from fixed income desks evaluating Solana-based products: the absence of standardized, independently verifiable credit data.

Institutional fixed income buyers do not price risk without Moody’s, S&P, or Fitch, having that layer queryable on a public chain is a structural prerequisite for serious adoption, not a cosmetic feature.

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Moody’s has indicated TIE will expand beyond municipal bonds to corporate, sovereign, and structured finance instruments as tokenization volumes grow, and will extend to additional blockchains beyond Canton and Solana.

The multi-chain framing is deliberate, Moody’s is positioning TIE as ratings infrastructure for the tokenized debt market broadly, not as a Solana-exclusive product.

Solana’s accelerating institutional deal flow suggests the network is establishing a durable lead in public-chain RWA issuance, but the Moody’s deployment itself is chain-agnostic by design.

Whether that early-mover position compounds or gets competed away depends on how quickly issuers and protocols integrate TIE data into live products, and how fast the rest of the tokenized fixed income stack catches up to meet it.

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SOL’s price performance has been tracking broader market conditions more than protocol-level news, which is consistent with where institutional adoption sits right now: real infrastructure progress, not yet reflected in near-term price catalysts.

The post Solana Scores Crypto’s First Moody’s Credit Ratings Onchain appeared first on Cryptonews.

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Bitcoin News: Zimbabwe Just Regulated Crypto, But Could a Bitcoin Treasury Save Its Economy?

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Bitcoin News: Zimbabwe Just Regulated Crypto, But Could a Bitcoin Treasury Save Its Economy?

In the most recent Bitcoin News, Zimbabwe’s Financial Intelligence Unit issued a binding mandate on June 16, 2026 requiring all virtual asset service providers to register under Statutory Instrument 99 of 2026, the country’s first dedicated crypto regulatory framework, effective immediately, with criminal liability for non-compliance.

The framework formalizes what has been an eight-year grey market built largely on hyperinflation-driven demand for dollar-denominated alternatives to a succession of collapsing local currencies.

Source: Techzim

The regulatory event is straightforward. The question it reopens is not: if Zimbabwe can build the institutional scaffolding to supervise crypto, is there a coherent case for the state itself to hold a Bitcoin reserve as a monetary anchor? The answer cuts both ways, and the arithmetic deserves a serious look.

Discover: The Best Crypto to Diversify Your Portfolio

Bitcoin News: SI 99 of 2026: What the FIU Mandate Actually Covers

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The legal chain is worth anchoring precisely. The Finance Act No. 7 of 2025, passed in December 2025, amended Section 2 of Zimbabwe’s Money Laundering and Proceeds of Crime Act to incorporate VASPs into the statutory definition of a financial institution.

Acting under those expanded powers, the Zimbabwean Minister of Finance gazetted the Money Laundering and Proceeds of Crime (Virtual Asset Service Providers Registration) Regulations on June 10, 2026, codified as Statutory Instrument 99, and the FIU issued its public enforcement mandate six days later.

The scope is broad and technology-neutral. Any entity exchanging cryptocurrencies for fiat, providing custody services, or facilitating crypto-related financial transactions must register. Notably, decentralization is not an exemption: if an operator can adjust smart contracts, route funds, or set transaction fees, the FIU considers them a VASP.

Registration carries a US$500 initial fee and US$400 annual renewals, requires a locally incorporated entity, director background checks, KYC implementation, transaction monitoring, and compliance with the FATF Travel Rule.

The FIU was explicit about what registration does not provide. “Registration with the FIU for AML/CFT purposes does not, in itself, constitute authorization to carry on business in Zimbabwe,” the public notice stated.

VASPs still need separate operational approvals from the Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe or the Securities and Exchange Commission of Zimbabwe, depending on their business model. This two-layer structure – crypto regulation for AML monitoring on one track, commercial licensing on another, is standard FATF architecture, and Zimbabwe is explicitly aligning itself with those international standards.

The historical context makes the policy shift sharper. In 2018, the RBZ issued Circular No. 2/2018 ordering all banks to cease servicing crypto exchanges and exit existing relationships within 60 days.

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Local exchange Golix challenged the ban in court and obtained a provisional High Court order lifting it specifically against Golix, but broader regulatory uncertainty persisted for years.

SI 99 is effectively the formal end of that ambiguity, a supervised integration model replacing blanket exclusion, driven by the recognition that hyperinflation and chronic currency instability had already pushed citizens into crypto regardless of official policy.

Discover: The Best Token Presales

The post Bitcoin News: Zimbabwe Just Regulated Crypto, But Could a Bitcoin Treasury Save Its Economy? appeared first on Cryptonews.

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HIVE Signs $220M GPU Cloud Contract for Cohere AI Workloads

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HIVE Signs $220M GPU Cloud Contract for Cohere AI Workloads

Canadian Bitcoin miner HIVE Digital Technologies said its AI subsidiary BUZZ HPC has signed a three-year GPU cloud contract worth approximately $220 million with Bell AI Fabric for AI startup Cohere, expanding the company’s push into high-performance computing (HPC) and AI infrastructure.

The agreement calls for BUZZ HPC to deploy 2,304 NVIDIA Grace Blackwell GPUs at a Bell Canada data center in British Columbia, where the infrastructure will support Cohere’s artificial intelligence models and services for enterprise and government customers.

After the deployment enters service, HIVE expects the project to contribute about $70 million in contracted annual recurring revenue, increasing its contracted HPC revenue target to more than $100 million, according to the company.

HIVE said it will fund the purchase of the AI infrastructure using a portion of the proceeds from the $115 million convertible note financing it completed in April.

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The company’s stock price was up around 9% at the time of writing and almost 24% in the past month, according to Yahoo Finance data. Sector tracking exchange-traded fund CoinShares Bitcoin Mining ETF (WGMI) was up 5.4% on the day, and up more than 30% in the past month. HIVE stock is the fund’s eighth-biggest holding.

Source: Yahoo Finance

Related: Georgia targets illegal crypto mining in Mestia crackdown: Report

HIVE grows AI business as Bitcoin holdings decline

The deal is the latest move in HIVE’s broader expansion into AI infrastructure. In May, the company said its BUZZ HPC subsidiary planned a 320-megawatt AI data center campus near Toronto, capable of supporting more than 100,000 GPUs.

Earlier this month, HIVE reported that revenue from its HPC division increased to $19.5 million in fiscal 2026, nearly doubling from a year earlier. The company also said contracted annual recurring revenue from the business reached $35 million, supported by deployments of Nvidia-powered GPU clusters and new enterprise contracts.

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HIVE also reported a decline in its Bitcoin (BTC) treasury holdings, which fell to 150 BTC from 481 BTC a quarter earlier.

Source: BitcoinTreasuries.NET

Related: Nvidia’s $20 billion debt boom reinforces Bitcoin miners’ AI pivot

Hashrate declines as AI investments grow

On Thursday, The Energy Mag (formerly The Miner Mag) noted that Bitcoin mining difficulty, a measure of how hard it is for miners to produce new blocks, fell 10.09% on June 14, one of the largest downward adjustments in the network’s history.

The publication attributed the decline to weaker mining economics, Bitcoin’s price decline, seasonal power curtailment in Texas and broader power-market dynamics. It also argued that miners dedicating power to AI and HPC projects could alter future hashrate growth by reducing the amount of capacity available for Bitcoin mining.

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Bitcoin mining difficulty. Source: Coinwarz.com

The decline came days after Cointelegraph reported that Bitcoin mining profitability had fallen to record lows, making it harder for some operators to remain profitable.

Meanwhile, miners continue expanding into AI and high-performance computing. On Tuesday, IREN completed its acquisition of Spanish data center developer Nostrum Group, while TeraWulf recently added a Kentucky development site that it said could eventually support more than 1 gigawatt of AI and HPC capacity.

Magazine: Does ‘Paper Bitcoin’ mean there’s an unlimited supply of BTC?

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CME Sues the CFTC Challenging Crypto Perpetual Futures Rules

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Crypto Breaking News

The Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME) Group has filed a lawsuit in federal court challenging the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) over its approvals of cryptocurrency-linked perpetual futures. The complaint, submitted to the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia, targets the CFTC, its chair Michael Selig, and asks the court to vacate the agency’s actions.

The case highlights an expanding regulatory dispute over how U.S. derivatives rules apply to crypto products that do not fit neatly into traditional futures structures. For crypto exchanges, broker-dealers, market operators, and institutional investors, the outcome could affect product design, compliance expectations, and supervisory oversight of crypto derivatives—particularly where regulatory interpretations hinge on whether a contract is treated as a “futures” product or as a “swap” under the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA).

Key takeaways

  • CME filed a D.C. federal lawsuit against the CFTC and chair Michael Selig relating to the agency’s approval of crypto perpetual futures tied to Bitcoin spot prices.
  • The complaint centers on a CFTC notice dated May 29 involving Kalshi prediction market products and a no-action position for similar products involving Coinbase.
  • CME alleges the CFTC improperly applied the CEA by effectively treating “futures” as “swaps” with expiration dates, and argues Selig acted without a full five-commissioner panel.
  • The CFTC, through a spokesperson, rejected the claims as “frivolous” and characterized CME’s litigation approach as “lawfare.”

CME’s lawsuit challenges CFTC approvals for crypto perpetual futures

In its Thursday filing, CME sought judicial review of CFTC actions approving certain perpetual futures contracts linked to Bitcoin’s spot price. The dispute traces back to a May 29 CFTC notice that (1) approved perpetual futures contracts tied to Bitcoin for Kalshi, a platform operating prediction markets, and (2) issued a “no-action” position for similar perpetual products referenced in connection with Coinbase.

CME’s complaint argues that the CFTC’s approach conflicts with directives from Congress, particularly by treating “futures” as “swaps” for purposes of regulatory classification. Under CME’s theory, the classification matters because it determines which statutory and regulatory requirements apply to the relevant derivatives framework.

Beyond the substantive challenge, CME also raised procedural concerns. The exchange contends that Selig acted unilaterally rather than through a full panel of five CFTC commissioners, implying that the agency’s internal governance or decision-making process was not properly followed for the actions at issue.

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“With one stroke of his pen, [Selig] overrode Congress’s definition of the term ‘swap’ and circumvented the regulatory regime Congress required for that form of derivative.”

CME further asserted that the CFTC’s handling of these approvals could harm competition and destabilize derivatives markets, arguing the agency failed to apply the CEA consistently and evenly.

Congress, contract classification, and why the dispute matters

At the core of CME’s legal argument is the classification of perpetual futures contracts—contracts that, in typical market practice, can be designed to trade without a fixed expiration date, while still resembling derivative instruments whose regulatory treatment depends on statutory definitions.

From a compliance standpoint, how a product is categorized can determine whether market participants must register, seek approvals, adopt particular operational controls, and comply with specific surveillance or reporting expectations under U.S. derivatives oversight. The lawsuit therefore sits at the intersection of contract engineering and statutory interpretation: market operators and intermediaries may need clarity on whether certain crypto-linked “perpetual” structures fit within futures frameworks or instead trigger swap-like regulatory pathways.

The broader institutional issue is that perpetual crypto derivatives have increasingly blurred lines between legacy derivative categories. That raises practical uncertainty for exchanges and clearing entities, and it can create compliance friction for financial institutions that must meet regulatory expectations for eligible contract types and risk controls. In that context, CME’s challenge is not merely a technical disagreement: it is aimed at shaping the legal boundaries that govern future approvals and market access.

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Selig’s position and the CFTC’s response

The dispute escalated publicly shortly before CME’s filing. One day earlier, CME CEO Terrence Duffy said the exchange operator would take legal action against the CFTC. In a subsequent interview, Selig maintained that perpetual futures contracts “trade very similarly” to other derivatives and argued that the CEA does not define the term “futures contract.”

The CFTC rejected CME’s complaint. A CFTC spokesperson told Cointelegraph that CME had engaged in “lawfare” against the agency and the administration’s broader crypto policy approach, characterizing the lawsuit as “frivolous.” The exchange’s response, in turn, underscores a high-stakes policy conflict: if courts accept CME’s reading, it could compel the agency to revisit approvals tied to its prior interpretive stance and potentially adjust how it evaluates similar applications or regulatory notices.

CFTC leadership structure and timing: a procedural and policy flashpoint

CFTC chair Michael Selig was confirmed by the U.S. Senate in December 2025 and, as of the time of CME’s filing, remains the chair and sole commissioner in a leadership panel intended to include five commissioners. The lawsuit comes amid uncertainty about whether the CFTC’s full bipartisan composition will be restored in time for complex contested decisions—an issue that CME highlights through its allegation that Selig acted without a complete panel.

Political context also matters for the regulatory process. As of Thursday, President Donald Trump had not announced nominations to fill the CFTC seats, despite calls from members of Congress to do so. That governance vacuum can become consequential when markets depend on consistent, multi-member commission decision-making for contested interpretations of the CEA.

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The dispute also arrives as crypto perpetual derivatives are proliferating across U.S. venues and regulated infrastructure. For example, Kraken announced it would offer perpetual futures to U.S. users through a CFTC-regulated platform, Bitnomial. While that development is separate from CME’s lawsuit, it reflects the practical stakes of regulatory clarity: product expansion continues, but the legal foundations supporting classification and approval pathways are actively contested.

What to watch next

Courts will determine whether CME’s claims succeed on statutory interpretation and whether the challenged approvals can stand procedurally under the CFTC’s decision-making requirements. For market participants, the most immediate watchpoints are how the court frames the futures-versus-swaps classification issue and whether the CFTC revises its approach to approvals of crypto perpetual derivatives pending the litigation’s outcome.

Risk & affiliate notice: Crypto assets are volatile and capital is at risk. This article may contain affiliate links. Read full disclosure

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Kraken bets on Solana’s long tail while SOL extends losses

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Solana price chart.

Kraken has expanded access to more than 2,500 Solana-based tokens through on-chain trading while SOL has fallen nearly 8% amid a wider crypto market selloff.

Summary

  • Kraken has launched on-chain trading for more than 2,500 Solana-based tokens across 100+ countries.
  • The feature gives users access to many unlisted Solana tokens using USD or USDC.
  • SOL fell nearly 8% as a broader crypto market selloff outweighed the positive platform update.

According to Kraken, customers in the United States and more than 100 countries can now trade thousands of Solana ecosystem tokens directly through the exchange’s platform, including assets that have not yet been listed on centralized exchanges.

The rollout allows users to buy and sell eligible Solana tokens using USD or USDC without relying on separate self-custody wallets or external decentralized finance tools.

Kraken said the feature removes several steps that have traditionally required users to manage seed phrases, bridge assets between platforms, or interact with multiple applications.

Speaking on the launch, Kraken Chief Data Officer Kamo Asatryan said the company wants to simplify access to blockchain-based assets by reducing the complexity associated with activities such as paying gas fees and moving funds across networks.

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Kraken expands beyond traditional exchange listings

Rather than focusing only on tokens that pass through the centralized exchange listing process, Kraken is opening access to a much larger segment of the Solana ecosystem. According to the company, many of the newly available assets are not listed on conventional trading platforms.

“Our customers in the US and more than 100 countries can now trade 2,500+ Solana-based tokens directly from the Kraken app they already use, including many not yet listed on any centralized exchange.” 

The launch adds another product line to Kraken’s recent expansion efforts. As crypto.news reported on June 15, the exchange introduced perpetual futures for eligible U.S. customers through a Commodity Futures Trading Commission-regulated venue.

Following the rollout, eligible users can trade perpetual futures on Kraken Pro alongside spot, margin, and traditional futures products within a single account. The offering was enabled by Kraken parent company Payward’s acquisition of Bitnomial, a CFTC-licensed derivatives platform acquired earlier this year.

Kraken noted that support for additional blockchain networks is expected in the future, which would allow users to trade assets from ecosystems beyond Solana through the same interface.

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Market weakness keeps pressure on SOL

Despite the exchange’s latest Solana-focused product launch, the token has remained under pressure as risk appetite continues to weaken across digital asset markets.

At the time of writing, Solana (SOL) was trading at $68.45, down nearly 7% over the previous 24 hours. The decline has unfolded alongside a broader market downturn that pushed the total cryptocurrency market capitalization down roughly 4% to $2.24 trillion.

Solana price chart.
Solana price chart — June 18 | Source: crypto.news

According to a previous crypto.news analysis, a break below the key $70 support level could shift attention back to the June low around $62 and increase the likelihood of a move toward the $60 region.

Elsewhere in the market, Bitcoin traded near $62,620 after falling more than 4%, adding to pressure across major altcoins and speculative digital assets.

Recent activity suggests Kraken continues to increase its presence across multiple parts of the crypto market.

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In May, the exchange launched regulated margin trading services, while earlier this month it joined several industry organizations in urging the U.S. Senate to advance the CLARITY Act, legislation designed to establish a clearer regulatory framework for digital assets.

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Aztec Network loses over $4 million in three days to two subsequent hacks

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Aztec Network loses over $4 million in two exploits
Aztec Network loses over $4 million in two exploits
  • Legacy Aztec Network contracts were drained of over $4M in three days.
  • Attacks exploited flaws in zero-knowledge proof verification logic.
  • The core Aztec network and AZTEC token were not affected by the exploits.

Aztec’s legacy infrastructure has come under a coordinated wave of attacks, leading to losses that crossed $4 million within just three days.

The exploits targeted deprecated smart contracts that had already been shut down years earlier but still held on-chain liquidity.

Despite being labelled as inactive and immutable, the contracts remained accessible to attackers who exploited weaknesses in zero-knowledge proof verification logic.

While the attacks did not affect the current Aztec network or its AZTEC token, they exposed long-standing risks tied to retired DeFi systems that continue to exist on Ethereum without active maintenance or upgrade paths.

First breach: Aztec Connect drained of $2.1 million

The first incident occurred on June 14, when attackers exploited the Aztec Connect protocol, a deprecated privacy-focused bridge that had been officially shut down after its retirement phase.

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The contract was already considered inactive, yet it still contained residual funds.

The attacker managed to drain approximately $2.1 million in digital assets, including around 909 ETH, 270,000 DAI, and 167 wstETH, alongside other smaller holdings.

The exploit was linked to flaws in the way rollup proof verification was handled, allowing invalid or manipulated proofs to be accepted as legitimate.

What made the situation more critical was the nature of the contract itself.

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Aztec Connect was described as immutable, meaning it could not be paused or patched once deployed.

Even though users had previously been encouraged to withdraw funds before shutdown, the remaining balance became an easy target for exploitation years later.

Security teams reviewing the incident pointed to a breakdown in the relationship between zero-knowledge proof validation and on-chain settlement logic.

In simple terms, the system accepted proofs that did not correctly match the underlying transaction state, allowing the attacker to trigger unauthorised withdrawals.

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Second attack: Private Rollup Bridge exploited for $2.15 million

Just three days later, a second exploit hit another legacy system known as the Private Rollup Bridge.

This contract was also part of Aztec’s older infrastructure and had been deprecated following the transition away from earlier rollup designs.

In this case, attackers drained roughly 1,158 ETH, valued at close to $2.15 million at the time of the incident.

The method used was different in execution but similar in technical root cause.

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Instead of directly manipulating withdrawals through basic proof mismatch, the attacker leveraged a vulnerable “escape hatch” mechanism embedded in the bridge design.

By submitting a specially crafted zero-knowledge proof, the attacker was able to trigger the contract’s exit logic.

The system incorrectly validated the proof and released funds without proper verification of the underlying state transitions.

This allowed the attacker to extract liquidity in a single coordinated sequence.

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Like the earlier exploit, this breach did not involve private key compromise or reentrancy vulnerabilities.

Instead, it highlighted deeper issues in how proof validation was structured in legacy rollup systems, particularly when contracts remain permanently active on-chain after being officially sunset.

Response from Aztec and security firms

Following both incidents, Aztec Labs and the Aztec Foundation confirmed that the affected systems were deprecated products with no connection to the current Aztec network or AZTEC token ecosystem.

They emphasised that neither contract could be upgraded, paused, or controlled, as both were designed to be immutable at deployment.

Security firm CertiK Alert also flagged the Private Rollup Bridge exploit, identifying the attacker’s address and confirming the movement of funds tied to a specific Ethereum transaction.

Their analysis aligned with other reviews, suggesting that the vulnerability stemmed from flaws in zero-knowledge proof verification rather than conventional smart contract bugs.

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Aztec representatives also clarified that the Private Rollup Bridge and Aztec Connect incidents were separate events, even though they occurred within a short timeframe and shared similar technical weaknesses.

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Bitcoin’s (BTC) nemesis, the Dollar Index (DXY), is on the verge of a major breakout: Daybook: Crypto Daily

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ParaFi defies crypto market downturn with $125 million raise for new fund

Bitcoin and the Dollar Index (DXY) are moving in opposite directions, with the latter on the verge of a major move that may embolden crypto bears.

The largest cryptocurrency is under pressure for a third straight day, trading near $63,900 and down nearly 1% since midnight UTC. The broader market is mostly showing similar losses, with the exception of a few tokens such as HASH, XLM and ENA, which gained 7% or more.

The Dollar Index, which tracks the U.S. currency’s value against major fiat currencies, has gained 0.26% to 100.66, extending Wednesday’s 0.8% rise. What’s notable is that the index is now on the verge of firmly breaking out of a 13-month-long trading range.

This type of setup usually leads to more momentum chasing by traders, resulting in further gains. Strength in the greenback typically weighs on dollar-denominated assets such as bitcoin.

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BTC has historically tended to move in the opposite direction to the dollar. Its 90-day correlation coefficient with the DXY was recently minus 0.82.

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Mounting AI costs and weaker performance are driving investors toward AI infrastructure

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Mounting AI costs and weaker performance are driving investors toward AI infrastructure

The biggest winners from the rotation have been memory and semiconductor stocks. Memory-chip maker Sandisk (SNDK) has surged roughly 800% this year and the Global X Artificial Intelligence & Technology ETF, which focuses on memory-related companies (DRAM), is up about 140%. In microprocessors, Micron Technology (MU) has gained about 230% this year, and the VanEck Semiconductor ETF (SMH) 67%.

The investments highlight a growing preference for the companies supplying the infrastructure behind the AI boom rather than the hyperscalers funding it.

In addition, capital has been attracted SpaceX (SPCX), Elon Musk’s space exploration company that is also expanding into AI. Last week, the company raised $75 billion in the largest IPO in history.

While AI has become the market’s dominant investment theme, the cash required to feed the growth is rising even faster. Google parent Alphabet (GOOGL), Amazon, Microsoft and Meta are expected to spend a combined $725 billion on capital expenditures this year, a 77% increase from last year’s record level.

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Free cash flow is no longer fully funding these ambitions. Alphabet, Amazon and Meta, collectively borrowed some $93 billion last year, accounting for roughly 6% of total corporate bond issuance.

Another source of support is also fading. Share repurchases have fallen 33% to $132 billion in 2025, reducing a key pillar of demand for these stocks.

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Bitcoin Dips Below $64K Again: Here’s How Whales Reacted

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After showing signs of recovery, Bitcoin (BTC) lost momentum and dipped below $64,000 earlier today before finding support there.

While short-term sentiment weakened, the largest BTC holders appeared unfazed, using the decline as a buying opportunity.

Whale Accumulation Returns

Bitcoin whales holding at least 1,000 BTC have increased their combined holdings to 7.17 million BTC, according to Santiment’s latest findings. This is the highest level recorded since March 14. These large holders now control 35.82% of Bitcoin’s available supply, while the number of wallets holding at least 1,000 BTC stands at 2,044.

Additionally, crypto analyst Darkfost revealed that addresses holding more than 1 BTC have increased their combined holdings to a new all-time high of over 16.8 million BTC. The total supply held by this group continues to rise.

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Darkfost explained that this trend could be linked to Bitcoin’s gradual institutionalization, although he stressed that such a development should be viewed from a long-term perspective.

Retail investors are also showing signs of renewed accumulation, but at a slower pace. This group is currently estimated to hold around 1.7 million BTC, which remains below the peak recorded in December 2023. The analyst went on to add that some retail participants may have taken profits during previous rallies, while others could have shifted their exposure to Bitcoin exchange-traded funds, which are easier to manage.

Despite these differences, both large holders and retail investors appear to be increasingly viewing the current market environment as an opportunity to accumulate Bitcoin.

Fed Takes Center Stage

Markets reacted strongly after the latest FOMC meeting. Bitcoin dropped below its “liquidity defense line.” Bitunix analyst Dean Chen said these moves suggest that investors are adjusting portfolios for a longer period of high interest rates rather than expecting an economic slowdown or easier monetary conditions. In a statement to CryptoPotato, Chen said that Federal Reserve policy is becoming a bigger driver of crypto markets than Middle East developments.

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The analyst also warned that tighter liquidity, a stronger dollar, and rising Treasury yields could increase pressure on risk assets in the months ahead.

 “Now, Warsh has explicitly anchored policy priorities to inflation control and rebuilding Fed credibility, meaning liquidity expectations could continue to tighten in the coming months. If the dollar remains strong and Treasury yields continue to climb, capital will increasingly favor the greenback and fixed-income assets, leaving risk assets to face higher valuation pressures.”

The post Bitcoin Dips Below $64K Again: Here’s How Whales Reacted appeared first on CryptoPotato.

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420,000,000 Dogecoin (DOGE) in 7 Days: Crash Signal or False Alarms?

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The OG meme coin has fared poorly over the past several months, dropping out of the elite top 10 crypto club.

While some market observers remain optimistic that a recovery could be on the way, recent whale behavior suggests that a deeper collapse is also plausible.

DOGE Whales ‘Paying Rent’

The popular analyst Ali Martinez revealed that 420 million coins have been distributed by such large investors over the past seven days. As of current rates, the USD equivalent of this stash is around $35 million, while whales now collectively own nearly 35 billion DOGE, 22.7% of the token’s circulating supply.

The development doesn’t guarantee that the meme coin’s price is headed for further decline, but it signals that these investors are preparing for such a scenario.

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Some believe these market participants are experienced players who may have access to inside information, enabling them to position themselves effectively ahead of major moves. In any case, their actions are closely monitored by retail investors, who could follow suit, thereby intensifying the sell-off.

Others took a more humorous approach to explaining the recent behavior. X user Lynor, for instance, said that DOGE whales cashed out so they can “pay rent this week.”

Time to Rally?

Martinez has been quite vocal on DOGE lately, and his previous comments were quite optimistic. Earlier in June, he disclosed that the Tom DeMark Sequential indicator flashed a buy signal on the asset, suggesting a rebound could be on the way. It’s worth mentioning that this technical tool accurately predicted the meme coin’s pullback in early May, when the valuation dropped from $0.113 to $0.078.

Later on, the analyst paid special attention to $0.081, classifying it as “the lower mid-range boundary” of a five-year parallel channel dating back to 2021. He argued that holding above that level could open the door for another “parabolic move.”

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DOGE’s Relative Strength Index (RSI) supports the bullish scenario. The ratio has fallen to 30, meaning that the asset has entered oversold territory and could be due for a resurgence. The technical analysis tool ranges from 0 to 100, with anything above 70 considered a warning of a possible correction.

DOGE RSI
DOGE RSI, Source: RSI Hunter

Last but not least, we will take a look at DOGE’s exchange netflow. Over the past several weeks, outflows have surpassed inflows, reflecting a growing investor preference for self-custody – a trend that naturally reduces immediate selling pressure.

DOGE Exchange Netflow
DOGE Exchange Netflow, Source: CoinGlass

The post 420,000,000 Dogecoin (DOGE) in 7 Days: Crash Signal or False Alarms? appeared first on CryptoPotato.

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