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Circle Internet Group faces class action over failure to stop Drift Protocol exploit funds

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Circle Internet Group faces class action over Drift Protocol exploit
Circle Internet Group faces class action over Drift Protocol exploit
  • Circle is accused of failing to freeze exploit-linked transfers.
  • Approximately $230 million in stolen funds was routed through Circle’s USDC.
  • Drift plans $147.5 million recovery backed by future revenue.

Circle Internet Group, the issuer of the USDC stablecoin, is facing a class action lawsuit over its alleged failure to stop the movement of stolen funds linked to the Drift Protocol exploit.

The lawsuit, filed by Drift investor Joshua McCollum at the US district court in Massachusetts on behalf of over 100 impacted users, centres on whether the company had both the ability and the obligation to intervene as the exploit unfolded.

Lawsuit targets Circle’s role in fund transfers

The legal action stems from the April 2026 breach of Drift Protocol, a Solana-based decentralised exchange, where attackers drained roughly $285 million.

A significant portion of those funds, estimated at around $230 million, was quickly converted into USDC.

From there, the funds were moved across chains, primarily from Solana to Ethereum, using cross-chain infrastructure.

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The transfers were not instantaneous. They occurred over several hours and were split into more than 100 transactions.

This detail sits at the centre of the lawsuit.

Plaintiffs argue that Circle had a window of opportunity to act.

According to the claim, the company could have frozen the affected wallets or halted the transfers, limiting the damage. Instead, the funds continued moving until they were fully out of reach.

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The case accuses Circle of negligence and of indirectly facilitating the loss by failing to act despite having the technical capability to do so.

This argument is reinforced by previous instances where the company has frozen wallets tied to illicit activity, showing that such intervention is not only possible but already part of its operational toolkit.

At its core, the lawsuit raises a difficult question: when a centralised entity operates within a decentralised system, where does its responsibility begin and end?

Drift’s recovery plan

In response to the exploit, Drift Protocol has outlined a structured recovery plan aimed at addressing user losses while rebuilding the platform’s liquidity and operations.

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The protocol is seeking to mobilise up to $147.5 million, with a significant portion backed by Tether and other ecosystem partners.

This figure, however, should not be viewed as immediate compensation.

A large share of the funding comes in the form of a revenue-linked credit facility estimated at around $100 million.

This means the protocol will draw funds over time and repay them using future trading fees and platform revenue rather than distributing the full amount upfront.

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To manage user claims, Drift plans to issue a new recovery token, though its official name and final structure are yet to be confirmed.

This token will be distributed to affected users and will represent their share of the recovery pool.

It is expected to be transferable, allowing users to either hold it and wait for gradual repayments or sell it on secondary markets for immediate liquidity, likely at a discount.

The recovery pool itself will not rely solely on external funding.

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It is designed to be continuously replenished through multiple sources, including protocol revenue, partner contributions, and any funds that may be recovered from the attackers.

This creates a system where repayments are tied directly to the platform’s ability to restart operations and generate consistent trading activity.

Despite these measures, there remains a clear shortfall.

With total losses estimated at approximately $285 million and recovery efforts targeting up to $150 million, a large portion of user funds is not immediately covered.

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This gap highlights that users are unlikely to be fully reimbursed in the near term, and recovery will depend heavily on Drift’s long-term performance.

To support a relaunch, part of the recovery framework is also focused on restoring liquidity.

Incentives and financial support are being directed toward market makers to rebuild order books and improve trading conditions once the platform resumes full operations.

Without sufficient liquidity, even a technically sound relaunch would struggle to attract users back.

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Another major shift is the protocol’s decision to move away from USDC as its primary settlement asset and instead adopt USDT.

This change comes after roughly $230 million of the stolen funds were converted into USDC and moved across chains during the exploit.

The switch signals a reassessment of risk and reflects a broader effort to restructure the platform’s core infrastructure following the incident.

Overall, Drift’s recovery plan is built around gradual restitution rather than immediate payouts.

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Its success will depend on how quickly the platform can regain user trust, restore liquidity, and generate enough revenue to sustain long-term repayments.

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Crypto World

Current BTC Price Action Shows Dramatic Underperformance: Analyst

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Bitcoin Price, Bitcoin Analysis, Halving, Bitcoin Halving

The current Bitcoin (BTC) market cycle is “dramatically” weaker than the three previous cycles, according to Alex Thorn, the head of firmwide research at investment firm Galaxy.

Thorn compared price action since the April 2024 Bitcoin halving to cycles triggered in 2012, 2016 and 2020; the current cycle shows significantly dampened volatility and lower upside. The all-time high above $125,000 on Oct. 5, 2025 was only 97% above the 2024 halving price around $63,000.

BTC’s price increased by about 9,294% during the 2012 halving cycle, reaching a high of about $1,163, and climbed by about 2,950% during the 2016 halving cycle, reaching a high of about $19,891. The 2020 halving saw a price increase of about 761%.

Bitcoin Price, Bitcoin Analysis, Halving, Bitcoin Halving
A comparison of Bitcoin’s price action in previous halving cycles. Source: Alex Thorn

“Cycle four is dramatically underperforming prior cycles,” Thorn said in an X post, asking, “Is this the new normal, or is it the new normal until it isn’t?”

The decreasing volatility in each successive BTC halving cycle suggests that traditional market dynamics are changing and that BTC’s price may start to be influenced more by other factors, rather than the halving or the four-year cycle market theory.

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The 30-day Bitcoin Volatility Index, which spiked to 9.64% on April 2, 2020, has not been above 3.11% in the current cycle, a reading last tipped on Aug. 24, 2024. At last look, the latest 30-day estimate for that volatility gauge is 1.75%, according to Bitbo data.

Related: Bitcoin bull run ‘still too early’ to call as demand lags exiting capital: Analyst

Critics say current cycle performance ignores the premature all-time high before 2024’s halving

BTC reached what was then the all-time high above the $70,000 level in March 2024 — one month before the April 2024 halving.

The approval of spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) in the United States in January 2024 was the primary catalyst for the price pump.

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Bitcoin Price, Bitcoin Analysis, Halving, Bitcoin Halving
The price of BTC hit an all-time high before the April 2024 halving. Source: TradingView

This historic anomaly of BTC hitting a new all-time high before the halving skewed the current cycle’s price performance, critics of Thorn’s analysis said.

Bitcoin drawdowns have also become less severe, as volatility has declined, according to Fidelity Digital Assets.

Previous Bitcoin bear markets have seen declines between 80% and 90%, according to Zack Wainwright, a Fidelity Digital Assets research analyst.

However, Bitcoin’s crash to $60,000 from the all-time high above $125,000 represents a decline just north of 50%, Fidelity’s analysis noted.

In March, Jan van Eck, CEO of asset management company VanEck, said that BTC is close to bottoming out and that he expects the price to begin gradually rising again in 2026. 

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At last look, the biggest crypto was trading at about $74,703, up almost 5% in the last seven days, according to TradingView data.

Magazine: Bitcoin will not hit $1M by 2030, says veteran trader Peter Brandt