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Institutions Pay Premium for Higher-Risk Bitcoin Custody

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Crypto Breaking News

Bitcoin challenges the conventional wisdom of institutional custody. As a bearer asset, its security model hinges on cryptographic keys rather than account credentials, and every on-chain transaction is final. That fundamental design—one where there is no central authority that can reverse, freeze, or recover funds—forces a rethink of how institutions should hold and govern large crypto positions. In this perspective, Kevin Loaec, CEO of Wizardsardine, argues that policy-driven, on-chain custody offers a more resilient framework than traditional custodial outsourcing, which often hides risk behind insurance and service-level agreements.

Loaec maintains that outsourcing risk to large custodians creates a hidden concentration of risk: assets pooled under a single governance umbrella, guarded by layers of internal controls, with off-chain governance and policy enforcement. When trouble hits, the absence of on-chain, protocol-enforced constraints can complicate recovery and liquidation. The result, he says, is a mismatch between the safety institutions expect from custodians and the actual safety Bitcoin beneficiaries gain from controlling the asset directly on the blockchain.

Key takeaways

  • Bitcoin’s bearer-asset nature means control is located in cryptographic keys, not in multi-party account permissions, making external intervention impossible once funds move on-chain.
  • Policy-driven, on-chain custody can embed governance into the wallet itself—requiring multi-signature approvals, time delays, and defined recovery paths that are executed deterministically by code.
  • Traditional custodial insurance often comes with caps, exclusions, and conditional payouts; on-chain custody can offer a more transparent and bounded risk model for insurers and clients alike.
  • Vendor dependence introduces outages, withdrawal freezes, and access restrictions that can impede timely actions; open, on-chain custody helps preserve access even if a service provider falters.
  • Institutions should reassess custody architecture to align risk management with the protocol’s guarantees, moving away from the illusion of safety toward engineered resilience.

Rethinking custody: from delegated control to protocol-level governance

Traditional finance treats custody as a delegated responsibility: assets are held by a large, regulated custodian, and responsibility for risk management is externalized through contracts, insurance, and service-level commitments. In Bitcoin, however, governance cannot be outsourced in the same way. Keys hold the asset, and the network enforces the rules; there is no central authority that can step in if something goes wrong off-chain.

Loaec notes that when institutions pool keys or rely on shared access models, they inadvertently create concentrated risk points. A single compromised key, misconfiguration, or a regulatory action affecting the custodian can jeopardize many parties at once. History provides cautionary examples where centralization in custody led to lengthy recovery processes and opaque outcomes for creditors and users alike. The argument is not to abandon custodians entirely, but to reframe governance so that the asset itself—via the protocol—enforces the rules of control, authorization, and recovery.

What changes, then, is not the need for robust service providers, but the architecture of control. If governance lives outside the asset, it remains vulnerable to external shocks, audits, and updates that may not align with a custodian’s business cycle. Embedding governance into the wallet, on-chain, makes the controls resilient to provider-specific failures and shifts risk toward systems that can be audited, tested, and iterated independently of any single institution.

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Policy-driven custody: enforcing rules at the protocol level

The core idea is practical: Bitcoin scripting enables custody models that reflect real organizational needs. Multisignature schemes can require several stakeholders to approve transactions, preventing unilateral movements. Time-delayed spending features can create a window for review, accident recovery, or dispute resolution. Recovery paths for lost keys can be encoded so that funds remain recoverable under predefined conditions, without exposing the asset to a single point of failure.

In effect, policy-driven wallets separate daily operations from emergency controls, while ensuring that the enforcement mechanism remains transparent and deterministic. These capabilities are not theoretical—on-chain rules operate independently of any service provider’s back-end or a particular vendor’s interface. The result is a governance model that is structural rather than procedural: the network enforces the rules, not a custodial dashboard.

As such, institutions can design custody that aligns with their internal risk appetite and regulatory expectations, without relying solely on external assurances. This shift does not eliminate the need for sound risk management or for prudent risk transfer tools, but it reframes what “control” means in a way that is more faithful to Bitcoin’s mechanics.

Insurance and risk transfer: rethinking the safety net

Custodial insurance has long been pitched as the ultimate safeguard against losses. Yet, Loaec emphasizes that coverage is frequently capped, conditional, or subject to exclusions, with payouts depending on the specifics of an incident and the custodian’s internal controls. In practice, insurance often distributes a portion of risk rather than eliminating it entirely. This dynamic can leave clients exposed in systemic events or scenarios where coverage does not scale proportionally with assets under custody.

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By contrast, individually controlled, policy-driven wallets offer a more predictable underwriting landscape. When risk is bounded and controls are transparent, insurers can model exposure more accurately, and risk remains tied to well-defined on-chain rules. The insurance narrative, therefore, should be understood as a complement—not a substitute—for robust, on-chain governance. The aim is to reduce reliance on external guarantees and to ensure that the most critical risk controls live on the asset itself.

Historical episodes underscore the tension between custodial trust and real-world outcomes. Notable episodes, including the FTX collapse and other centralized-brokerage stress events, have exposed the fragility of relying solely on third parties for asset safety and access. These events have fed the argument for reimagining custody through on-chain policy, where safeguards are built into the protocol and verification occurs in a verifiable, auditable manner.

Sovereignty is operational, not philosophical

Vendor dependence introduces another layer of operational risk that institutions may underestimate. Custodial outages, shifting policies, or regulatory interventions can render funds temporarily inaccessible, complicating cross-border operations or time-sensitive actions. In the wake of withdrawal freezes and access restrictions seen in past episodes, the case for a governance model anchored in the asset itself grows stronger.

Open-source custody systems paired with on-chain control offer a different risk landscape. If a service provider disappears or alters interfaces, the asset remains accessible because control resides on the blockchain. Interfaces may evolve or providers may be replaced, but the asset’s operability endures. This is not a blanket rejection of custodians, but a call to reduce their centrality in the critical path of asset control and to rely more on protocol-level guarantees.

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Trust the protocol, not the promise

Bitcoin presents a rare asset class where governance, recoverability, and control can be designed into the holding mechanism itself. In practice, many institutions still default to login screens, brand reputations, or insurance narratives as proxies for safety. While those signals carry comfort, they do not replace the certainty offered by on-chain rules that are independent of any single counterparty.

The critique is not anti‑custodian; it is anti‑risk management by proxy. By adopting policy-driven wallets and on-chain governance, institutions can reduce the likelihood of catastrophic failure in the first place, rather than relying on post hoc compensation after a breach. The technology to enact this shift exists today, supported by mature tooling and a growing ecosystem of practitioners focused on designing custody that aligns with Bitcoin’s native security model. What remains is the willingness to move beyond custody models rooted in another financial era.

By Kevin Loaec, CEO of Wizardsardine.

For readers tracking the broader implications, the industry has precedent in centralized custody failures and the ongoing debate over how best to align risk management with the decentralized realities of crypto markets. The path forward involves a measured blend of on-chain governance design, prudent risk transfer where appropriate, and a clear understanding that trust in the protocol must come before trust in any single service provider.

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Risk & affiliate notice: Crypto assets are volatile and capital is at risk. This article may contain affiliate links. Read full disclosure

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Analyst Says Bitcoin Just Hit the Phase That Tripled Facebook’s User Base

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Bloomberg ETF analyst Eric Balchunas argues that Bitcoin (BTC) has entered the same adoption phase that took Facebook from 1 billion to 3 billion users.

The comparison frames BTC’s loss of countercultural appeal as a sign of maturation, not decline, with spot Exchange-Traded Funds (ETFs) acting as the catalyst for mainstream entry.

ETF Expert Likens Bitcoin to Facebook’s “Uncool” Phase, Bullish?

Balchunas, Bloomberg Intelligence’s senior ETF analyst and co-host of the Trillions podcast, compares Bitcoin’s current moment to when older generations flooded Facebook.

“Bitcoin rn feels like when your parents joined Facebook. On one hand, it’s not as ‘cool’ anymore because of the Boomers, but on the other hand, Facebook’s user base grew from like 1 billion to 3 billion people since the coolness factor went away, so..,” wrote Balchunas.

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Facebook hit 1 billion monthly active users in 2012, according to Meta data. By the end of 2023, that figure reached 3.07 billion.

Year-over-year growth rates collapsed below 10% after 2013, yet the absolute user base nearly tripled during that “boring” stretch.

Statista chart showing Facebook MAU growth from 2011 to 2023 alongside declining YoY growth rates
Statista chart showing Facebook MAU growth from 2011 to 2023 alongside declining YoY growth rates, Source: Statista

The Numbers Behind the Analogy

Balchunas also asked for hard data on Bitcoin holder growth over 3, 5, and 10 years. He noted that BlackRock reported roughly 1 million people bought its iShares Bitcoin Trust (IBIT) in the fund’s first year alone.

Current estimates place the number of global Bitcoin holders at approximately 106 million, up from a range of 30 to 50 million in 2021.

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IBIT now holds 782,180 BTC, representing about 3.9% of the total supply.

BlackRock IBIT BTC Holdings
BlackRock IBIT BTC Holdings. Source: BlackRock

Meanwhile, some macro analysts note that no-coiners keep declaring Bitcoin dead, yet really, it’s just getting started.

When an asset loses its identity-driven appeal and attracts broad, passive capital, that transition often marks the start of its largest growth phase, not the end.

Can Bitcoin’s holder base follow Facebook’s trajectory from 1 billion toward 3 billion? The directional trend since ETF approval points in that direction.

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The post Analyst Says Bitcoin Just Hit the Phase That Tripled Facebook’s User Base appeared first on BeInCrypto.

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MSTR may have paused it’s BTC accumulation last week

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MSTR may have paused it's BTC accumulation last week

Strategy (MSTR), the largest publicly traded holder of bitcoin, did not seem to have increased its BTC position last week.

Executive Chairman Michael Saylor usually signals upcoming purchases on X each Sunday, followed by a detailed update around 8 a.m. ET on Monday. There was no customary Sunday “Orange Dot” post to signal a purchase. Instead, Michael Saylor posted about the company’s perpetual preferred equity offering, Stretch (STRC) instead.

The apparent pause snaps a streak of roughly thirteen consecutive weekly purchases that began in late December, acquiring 90,831 BTC in the process.

According to the company’s dashboard, the Tysons Corner, Virginia-based firm currently holds 762,099 bitcoin at an average acquisition price of $75,694 per token.

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The break in buying activity comes with MSTR still trading about 76% below its all-time high and bitcoin below $67,000.

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Bitcoin Slides to $66K as XRP, Ethereum, and Solana Crash: Here Is What Triggered the Drop

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Brian Armstrong's Bold Prediction: AI Agents Will Soon Dominate Global Financial

TLDR:

  • Bitcoin, XRP, Ethereum, and Solana each fell 6–8% this week, wiping over $80 billion from the crypto market.
  • A $14.16B Bitcoin options expiry on March 27 liquidated 122,000 traders and triggered $451M in total losses.
  • Iran’s threat to block a second oil chokepoint pushed crude above $103, accelerating the crypto selloff sharply.
  • Stablecoin supply near a record $316B signals parked capital ready to return once market conditions stabilize.

Crypto markets are facing one of their roughest stretches of 2026. Bitcoin, XRP, Ethereum, and Solana have each dropped between 6% and 8% over the past seven days.

The selloff has erased more than $80 billion in total market value since March 24. A record-breaking options expiry, rising geopolitical tension, and heavy ETF outflows all hit at once. The Fear & Greed Index now sits at 23, deep in extreme fear territory.

Three Reasons Crypto Is Crashing This Week

The single biggest catalyst was the March 27 Bitcoin options expiry on Deribit. It was the largest quarterly expiry of 2026, settling $14.16 billion in contracts.

The max pain level sat at $75,000, far above where Bitcoin was actually trading. That gap triggered forced selling across the board, liquidating over 122,000 traders. Total liquidation losses reached $451 million within 24 hours.

Iran’s threat to block the Bab el-Mandeb Strait made things significantly worse. That strait carries 12% of global seaborne oil and sits alongside the already-closed Strait of Hormuz.

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Oil crossed $103 per barrel on the news, pushing investors away from risk assets. The gold-to-crypto rotation that had helped Bitcoin recover in early March reversed sharply. Crypto sold off alongside equities as fear spread through financial markets.

ETF outflows added further weight to an already struggling market. Bitcoin ETFs bled $171 million on March 26, while Ethereum ETFs shed $92.5 million the same day.

That marked Ethereum’s seventh consecutive session of net outflows. It was also the first time in 2026 that Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Solana spot ETFs all posted outflows on the same day. Institutional selling pressure is now visible across all three major ETF categories.

The macro environment was already working against crypto before this week. The Federal Reserve revised its 2026 PCE inflation forecast upward from 2.4% to 2.7% at its March 18 meeting.

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That pushed rate cut expectations further out into the year. The 10-year Treasury yield climbed near 4.5%, and the dollar index gained 0.57% in seven days. When yields rise and the dollar strengthens, capital tends to rotate out of crypto and into bonds.

A 15% global tariff overhang has been adding pressure to risk assets since early 2026. That backdrop gave investors little reason to buy the dip when options mechanics and geopolitical risk hit simultaneously.

There was no cushion underneath the market when the selling accelerated. Each external factor compounded the next, making the crash broader and faster than it might have been otherwise.

Where Prices Stand and What a Recovery Requires

Bitcoin dropped from $71,000 at the start of the week to $66,457 as of March 28. That puts it 47% below its October 2025 all-time high of $126,080.

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The $66,000 level is now the key support to watch. A daily close below it would be the first time Bitcoin has lost that floor since February’s crash. If that happens, analysts warn a move toward $50,000 could follow.

Ethereum broke below $2,000 for the first time since mid-2024, falling 7.24% on the week. It is now 60% below its August 2025 peak of $4,953. XRP dropped to $1.33, down 7.03%, despite the SEC recently classifying it as a digital commodity.

Solana fell the hardest of the four, losing 7.62% to trade at $83.10. SOL is now 72% below its cycle high, with on-chain activity also declining alongside price.

A ceasefire or de-escalation in the Iran-Israel conflict remains the fastest path to a recovery. When ceasefire reports emerged in early March, Bitcoin gained 16% in just five days.

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Oil falling back below $90 would ease inflation pressure and bring risk appetite back to markets. The CLARITY Act is also moving toward a Senate Banking Committee markup in late April. If passed, it would give institutions the legal framework they need to increase crypto exposure.

Stablecoin supply is sitting near a record $316 billion, showing that capital has not fully left the crypto ecosystem. That liquidity could flow back into Bitcoin, Ethereum, XRP, and Solana once conditions improve.

Consecutive days of positive ETF inflows across multiple assets would signal that a recovery is beginning. Until then, the $66,000 Bitcoin level remains the market’s clearest indicator of what comes next.

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Bitcoin Longs Hit Multi-Year High on Bitfinex, Raising Downside Risk

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Bitcoin long positions on Bitfinex have surged to roughly 79,343 BTC, the highest level since November 2023. Analysts view this spike as a warning signal. 

Historically, similar buildups in leveraged longs have coincided with local price tops or sharp declines.

Bitcoin Long Positions on Bitfinex Against Price Chart. Source: X/Wu Blockchain

This metric reflects margin traders betting on higher prices. However, when positioning becomes crowded, the market often turns fragile. 

Is Bitcoin Price About to Crash Hard?

With many traders already long, fewer buyers remain to sustain upward momentum. As a result, price rallies tend to stall.

Moreover, these positions are typically leveraged. If Bitcoin drops even slightly, forced liquidations can trigger rapid selling. This creates a cascade effect, where falling prices lead to more liquidations and deeper declines. 

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Past cycles have shown this pattern repeatedly during periods of excessive long exposure.

At the same time, broader macro conditions remain uncertain. Equity markets have weakened, and geopolitical tensions continue to weigh on risk assets. 

Bitcoin has recently traded in a tight range, struggling to break resistance. In such an environment, crowded long positioning increases vulnerability to downside moves.

Large market participants also monitor these imbalances. When positioning becomes one-sided, they may push prices lower to trigger liquidations and accumulate at cheaper levels. 

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This dynamic is common in derivatives-driven markets.

Bitcoin’s current structure remains range-bound. However, the surge in Bitfinex longs suggests the market is overextended on the bullish side. 

Unless strong spot demand emerges, the risk of a sharp correction remains elevated.

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The post Bitcoin Longs Hit Multi-Year High on Bitfinex, Raising Downside Risk appeared first on BeInCrypto.

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No one is 100% happy with the stablecoin yield agreement: State of Crypto

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No one is 100% happy with the stablecoin yield agreement: State of Crypto

Industry representatives saw the crypto market structure bill’s proposed yield language on March 23 and 24. The internet — at least X (formerly Twitter) — was unhappy, but it may not matter much.

You’re reading State of Crypto, a CoinDesk newsletter looking at the intersection of cryptocurrency and government. Click here to sign up for future editions.

The narrative

We* have new language outlining how the crypto market structure bill could address stablecoin yield.

*Only some people have seen the language, though it should be released for public consumption and review next.

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Why it matters

Senator Cynthia Lummis (R-Wyo.) said earlier this month that she expected a market structure bill markup — the hearing where lawmakers debate amendments and language before voting on a bill — in the second half of April. Lawmakers have taken the first step toward that markup with an agreement on crypto market structure legislation.

Breaking it down

Crypto and banking industry representatives saw the proposed “agreement-in-principle” announced last week by Senators Angela Alsobrooks (D-Md.) and Thom Tillis (R-N.C.) at the start of this past week, with crypto representatives meeting with legislative staffers on Monday and banking representatives meeting with staffers on Tuesday.

No one appears to be particularly happy with the agreement. The language has not yet been released publicly, though it should come out this upcoming week. Concerns range from the possibility that the proposed language will call for regulators to draft new rules around permissible activity to how it might restrict stablecoin yield balances.

It’s unlikely that the language will see major revisions, though one person familiar said they expected there could be some minor changes. Many of the necessary changes are just technical tweaks, they said.

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Still, industry interests appear headed toward presenting some sort of counterproposal on the language. It remains to be seen how far that goes.

This week

  • Congress is expected to be on its two-week Easter recess, though the ongoing fight over funding the Department of Homeland Security might change things.

If you’ve got thoughts or questions on what I should discuss next week or any other feedback you’d like to share, feel free to email me at [email protected] or find me on Bluesky @nikhileshde.bsky.social.

You can also join the group conversation on Telegram.

See ya’ll next week!

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Can Retail Finally Get the Edge Before March 31st?

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Can Retail Finally Get the Edge Before March 31st?

A crypto team recently apologized for betting on their own fundraiser, a reminder that insider information moves first while retail traders find out last. This isn’t a theory; it’s the market’s default state.

DeepSnitch AI (DSNT) was built to flip this script. While teams front-run their own raises, DSNT’s five AI agents intercept malicious contracts and flag honeypots in real-time, protecting your wallet before it takes a hit.

With over $2.6 million raised and a confirmed March 31st Uniswap listing, the $0.04669 entry price is nearly history. Secure the tools to beat the insiders before the crowd arrives, and the DeepSnitch AI price prediction will take care of the rest.

P2P.me’s prediction market scandal highlights crypto’s insider trading problem

The P2P.me team recently apologized for betting on its own $6 million fundraiser on Polymarket ten days before launch. Despite only having a verbal commitment from Multicoin Capital, they wagered on their own success. The raise ultimately fell short at $5.2 million, with “insider” profits now being redirected to the DAO treasury.

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This lapse coincides with a major U.S. regulatory crackdown. This week, lawmakers introduced the PREDICT Act and the Public Integrity in Financial Prediction Markets Act, targeting insider trading by government officials.

While teams and institutions exploit information gaps, DeepSnitch AI (DSNT) levels the playing field. Its five live AI agents identify malicious contracts and honeypots in real-time. Secure your $0.04669 entry before the March 31st Uniswap listing permanently closes the door on this advantage.

Top 3 cryptos to own this year

DeepSnitch AI

The P2P.me scandal is a reminder of how crypto’s information game works. Insiders and institutions move first, leaving retail to absorb the consequences. Whether it’s coordinated ETF exits or teams front-running their own raises, retail traders are consistently the last to know and the first to get hurt.

DeepSnitch AI (DSNT) exists to close this asymmetry. Its five live AI agents intercept malicious contracts, flag honeypots, and audit risks in real-time.

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This utility is exactly why DSNT raised over $2.6 million during a hostile market. At $0.04669, the project is backed by a functional product that traders are already using to protect their capital, which in turn pushed the DeepSnitch AI price prediction into the sky.

Compare this to “wait-and-see” setups: Bitcoin Cash (BCH) needs a $500 breakout to confirm, and Solana (SOL),  despite owning 98% of on-chain equity volume, is still waiting for a monthly bullish confirmation.

DSNT doesn’t ask you to wait. The March 31st Uniswap listing is the hard deadline. This is your final opportunity to secure presale bonuses and ground-floor pricing before open-market discovery takes over. Insiders have always had the edge; now, you have the counter, and that’s why the DeepSnitch AI price prediction looks at 200x returns from now.

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Bitcoin Cash

BCH started coiling at $476 on March 27, building massive pressure beneath the $500 resistance level. This zone holds the market’s heaviest short liquidation cluster; a breach here would ignite a violent squeeze toward $560+.

While BCH builds this powerful technical floor, DeepSnitch AI (DSNT) is already in full motion. Raising $2.6 million through extreme market fear, DSNT is heading straight for its March 31st Uniswap listing.

While other assets wait for macro confirmation, DSNT delivers immediate price discovery. Secure your $0.04669 entry before the window shuts in two days;  the edge belongs to those who move now.

Solana

Solana is flashing a 4-hour TD Sequential buy signal, indicating potential exhaustion of its recent downtrend. Dominating 98% of tokenized spot equity volume and processing 826 million weekly transactions, SOL’s infrastructure lead is undeniable.

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A monthly bullish engulfing candle is currently developing, historically the precursor to every major Solana rally. While SOL awaits monthly confirmation to target $120, DeepSnitch AI (DSNT) is moving now.

With its March 31st Uniswap listing only two days away, DSNT offers immediate price discovery. Secure your $0.04669 entry before the window shuts and the open market reprices this utility permanently.

The bottom line

P2P.me’s team betting on their own fundraising confirms that information asymmetry is the real game.

Most retail traders play blind against insiders who move weeks earlier. While BCH shows textbook compression and SOL commands 98% of on-chain equity volume, both require waiting for confirmation. They don’t bridge the information gap that insiders exploit.

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DeepSnitch AI (DSNT) does. Its five live AI agents flag malicious contracts and honeypots in real-time – no institutional connections required. Having raised $2.6 million during a hostile market, DSNT proves its utility is essential.

The March 31st Uniswap listing is the definitive cutoff. This is your final opportunity to secure the $0.04669 entry before the 200x DeepSnitch AI price prediction comes true.

Visit the official website for more information, and join X and Telegram for community updates.

FAQs

What is the DeepSnitch AI price forecast heading into its Uniswap listing?

The DeepSnitch AI price prediction looks promising, with the token still at $0.04669, over $2.6M raised, and bonuses disappearing at listing as the March 31st presale close approaches.

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What is the DeepSnitch AI price target for investors buying during the presale?

The DeepSnitch AI price prediction points to significant multiples, with utility-driven adoption rather than market sentiment powering its value through real-time contract auditing and threat detection that functions regardless of market direction.

What is the DeepSnitch AI prediction for 2026 based on its fundamentals?

The DeepSnitch AI prediction for 2026 is strongly bullish, with institutional-grade tools now accessible to retail traders, honeypot detection, and contract scanning creating sustained demand that extends well beyond the initial listing day.


Disclaimer: This is a Press Release provided by a third party who is responsible for the content. Please conduct your own research before taking any action based on the content.

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Sergey Nazarov Details How Chainlink Economics 2.0 Builds a Virtuous Cycle of Security and Fees

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Brian Armstrong's Bold Prediction: AI Agents Will Soon Dominate Global Financial

TLDR:

  • Chainlink Economics 2.0 is built to support mass adoption from banks, asset managers, and millions of developers.
  • Nazarov’s universal payment model lets developers pay in any token, which then converts into LINK for security.
  • Lower payment friction means more fees flow into Chainlink, directly strengthening the network’s overall security layer.
  • Chainlink’s universal billing system may become a standalone product, reducing payment friction across other blockchain protocols.

Chainlink economics is undergoing a structural shift as the protocol prepares for mass institutional and developer adoption.

Sergey Nazarov, Chainlink’s co-founder, recently outlined how the network’s next economic phase is being designed.

The model centers on creating a self-reinforcing loop. More security drives adoption, adoption generates fees, and fees fund greater security. This cycle forms the foundation of what Nazarov calls Economics 2.0.

A Universal Payment System to Reduce Developer Friction

The core of Economics 2.0 is a flexible, universal billing infrastructure. Nazarov explained that developers should be able to pay into the system however they prefer. That includes native tokens, their own project tokens, or even cash payments.

Once received, those payments get converted into Chainlink’s native token. This conversion ensures the system maintains consistent security funding regardless of how fees arrive. The process removes unnecessary barriers for developers integrating Chainlink services.

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Nazarov described the payment model directly, stating that the goal is to have “an efficient payment system that allows users, developers of the protocol to pay into the system however they like, in whatever form they like, their own token, native tokens, some other form of payment, cash payments, whatever payments.” He added that this would then be “converted into the token of the system to create the necessary security.”

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Reducing payment friction matters because lower friction means higher participation. When developers pay more easily, more fees flow into the network. Those fees then strengthen the system’s overall security layer.

Targeting a Market That Does Not Yet Fully Exist

Chainlink’s current market is not yet operating at the scale Economics 2.0 is designed for. Nazarov noted that millions of developers, global banks, and asset managers are not yet fully on-chain. That transition remains ahead.

Economics 2.0 is being built in anticipation of that larger market. The protocol is preparing its infrastructure now so it can handle that volume when it arrives.

Nazarov was direct about the current state, saying the market adoption “is not in the millions of developers” and “not in the world of all the banks, and all the asset managers.” That is precisely the world Economics 2.0 is being built for.

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As the market grows, the value placed on security is expected to grow with it. Greater security should then attract more adoption across institutional and Web2 participants.

Nazarov summarized the broader ambition by stating, “the goal is to get as many fees into the system as possible so those fees feed back into the security of the system.”

Chainlink’s ability to provide reliable price data positions it uniquely for this role. Nazarov suggested the universal billing system could eventually become a standalone product for other protocols.

He noted that “a universal billing system, payment system will even become a product of a kind for other protocols because you do want to lower the friction that people have to go through to pay for anything.” The model is designed to scale alongside the market it serves.

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Walmart’s OnePay Adds a Dozen New Cryptos to Nascent Superapp Offering

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Walmart's OnePay Adds a Dozen New Cryptos to Nascent Superapp Offering

OnePay, which is majority-owned by Walmart, has added more than a dozen crypto tokens to its offerings that the executive responsible for digital assets said “meet a high bar” that’s been set by the banking app’s customers.

Since launching in January, offering Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH) on its its nascent crypto platform, OnePay on Thursday added SUI (SUI), Polygon (POL) and Arbitrum (ARB) just days after listing another 10 tokens, including Solana (SOL), , Cardano (ADA), Bitcoin Cash (BCH) and PAX Gold (PAXG).

“We plan on continuing to expand thoughtfully, prioritizing assets that meet a high bar: demand, liquidity, regulatory clarity and long-term utility,” Ron Rojany, OnePay’s general manager, Core App & Crypto, told Cointelegraph in an email.

“We’re less focused on chasing the latest asset and more focused on offering a curated set of assets that align with how our customers actually use and think about their money,” he said.

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Rojany would not disclose any figures on crypto adoption among OnePay’s account holders, saying only that the fintech is seeing “strong engagement, particularly among customers who are newer to crypto and are looking for an easy and integrated way to get started.”

OnePay has positioned itself as a US version of a “superapp,” modeled after China’s WeChat. The platform already offers banking services including high-yield savings accounts, credit and debit cards, loans and wireless plans.

The company also offers a digital wallet that customers can use at checkout in Walmart stores and on the retailing giant’s website. The retailing giant’s US operations had net sales of $462.4 billion in fiscal 2025, according to the company’s latest annual report.

“We’re still early and our focus is on building our crypto platform the right way: creating a trusted, safe and intuitive experience for everyday customers,” Rojany said.

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Related: BNP Paribas adds six Bitcoin, Ether ETNs for retail clients in France

Fintech pursuit of superapp gets boost from SEC chair

OnePay is not the only company  pursuing a financial services superapp. In late September, Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong outlined plans to build a crypto superapp, offering credit cards, payments and Bitcoin rewards to rival traditional banks.

Earlier this month, Japan’s Startale Group said it would use funding from a recently completed $50 million Series A investment round to develop its superapp to integrate payments, asset management and onchain services into a single platform.

US Securities and Exchange Commission Chairman Paul Atkins in September expressed support for platforms offering multiple financial services under one regulatory framework.

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The regulator’s updated strategy includes allowing platforms to operate as “super-apps” that can facilitate trading, lending and staking of digital assets under one regulatory umbrella.

“I have directed the Commission staff to develop further guidance and proposals ultimately to make this ‘super-app’ vision a reality,” Atkins said in July.

Magazine: Bitcoin may take 7 years to upgrade to post-quantum — BIP-360 co-author