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South Korea targets 2027 launch for tokenized securities market

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South Korea renews blockchain push with stablecoin law and crypto ETF plans

South Korea has laid out a three-stage plan to bring stocks, bonds and funds onto tokenized infrastructure, with the final phase set to connect securities settlement to stablecoin-based onchain payments.

Summary

  • South Korea will begin expanding tokenized securities in February 2027, starting with selected funds, bonds, unlisted stocks and fractional investment products.
  • The second phase will open tokenization to all publicly offered securities, while the final stage will introduce onchain payment infrastructure linked to stablecoins.
  • Existing licensed financial firms will be allowed to handle tokenized securities under their current licenses, while qualifying issuers can manage their own securities accounts.
  • Retail subscriptions will be capped at the lower of 30 million won or 5% of an issuance, with annual net purchases on OTC exchanges limited to 100 million won.

The Financial Services Commission said Friday that the roadmap will begin when amendments to the Electronic Registration Act take effect on Feb. 4, 2027, expanding tokenization beyond fractional investment products and creating a legal route for conventional securities to be issued and managed through distributed ledgers.

FSC Vice Chairman Kwon Dae-young unveiled the policy at the third meeting of a public-private consultative group attended by the Financial Supervisory Service, financial institutions, industry groups and private-sector experts.

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Authorities plan to build the system in stages, starting with a limited group of securities and institutional products before opening tokenization to publicly offered securities and eventually connecting the market to stablecoin settlement.

“Authorities will seek to lay foundations to facilitate the tokenized issuance and circulation of more traditional types of securities, including stocks, bonds, and funds,” Kwon said, describing a longer-term plan to upgrade capital market infrastructure for digital connectivity.

South Korea tokenization plan starts in February 2027

During the first phase, privately pooled money market funds and bonds reserved for institutional investors will become eligible for tokenization. Unlisted stocks issued through trust structures and publicly offered fractional investment securities will fall within the initial framework as well.

The rollout builds on amendments passed by South Korea’s National Assembly in January that recognize distributed ledgers as securities registries while keeping tokenized instruments within the country’s existing securities laws. Crypto.news previously reported that the tokenized securities rules were scheduled to take effect in February 2027 as regulators worked on standards covering issuance, trading and settlement.

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Technical infrastructure is being prepared alongside the legal framework. Samsung SDS won a contract earlier this year to develop a token securities platform for the Korea Securities Depository, with completion expected around the time the amended laws take effect.

The system is expected to connect the KSD’s existing electronic securities account infrastructure with blockchain records, covering issuance, circulation checks, rights management and monitoring.

South Korea’s second phase would open tokenization to all publicly offered securities. Regulators have not fixed a start date because implementation will depend on results from the first stage and the pace at which financial companies adopt the required technology.

Stablecoins form the final settlement layer

The third phase would introduce onchain payment infrastructure linked to stablecoins, bringing the cash side of securities transactions onto digital rails.

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Its timing remains dependent on pending stablecoin legislation as well as the results of the earlier tokenization stages. South Korean lawmakers have been working separately on a Digital Asset Framework Act expected to cover stablecoin issuance and other parts of the digital asset market.

In August, the FSC said it would accelerate consultations on the legislation as lawmakers sought to complete the framework during the fall session. Stablecoin rules have remained one of the main unresolved parts of South Korea’s digital asset regulatory program.

Tokenized settlement is already being tested outside the planned securities framework. A separate South Korean program has expanded deposit-token trials to nine banks, while the Bank of Korea has studied the use of tokenized bank deposits as settlement money for tokenized bonds and shares.

Private financial institutions are running their own trials ahead of the 2027 legal rollout. Shinhan Asset Management recently signed an agreement to test a tokenized fund denominated in Korean won using Solana, covering investor verification, issuance, distribution and onchain liquidity in a proof of concept.

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Retail limits will apply to tokenized securities

The FSC’s roadmap sets investment limits and operating requirements as regulators prepare to bring more securities onto distributed ledgers.

For non-monetary trust beneficiary certificates, the maximum individual subscription would be the lower of 30 million won, roughly $22,000, or 5% of the total issuance volume. Regulators want publicly offered allocations to include a portion reserved for retail investors, with a minimum amount distributed equally.

Retail investors using over-the-counter exchanges will face an annual net purchase ceiling of 100 million won, or roughly $74,000, on each OTC platform.

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Existing financial investment companies will not need a separate authorization solely because they handle tokenized securities. Firms already licensed for the relevant financial activity can operate within their existing permitted business areas, although intermediaries handling tokenized securities on OTC markets will need prior consultation with the Financial Supervisory Service.

Authorities plan to introduce another OTC licensing category for debt securities alongside existing categories covering unlisted stocks and non-monetary trust beneficiary certificates. The FSC expects debt-security transactions to become more common as tokenization develops.

Issuers will have another route through the new “issuer account management entity” structure. Companies approved under the system can manage securities accounts themselves instead of relying exclusively on financial institutions.

Applicants must maintain at least 4 billion won, or close to $3 million, in equity capital. Staffing requirements include personnel responsible for account management and internal controls, along with two employees assigned to computer and IT systems. Issuers must meet specified cybersecurity and technology standards.

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The Korea Securities Depository has prepared screening criteria for distributed ledgers used by securities firms. Tests will cover core issuance and circulation functions as well as contingency procedures for system failures and other disruptions.

Asian markets are testing blockchain settlement

South Korea’s plan is developing alongside blockchain settlement projects elsewhere in Asia.

Japan is studying a system that could eventually process publicly traded stocks and Japanese government bonds on blockchain infrastructure around the clock. The Financial Services Agency, Ministry of Finance, Bank of Japan and financial institutions are expected to participate, with an initial development plan targeted for early 2027 and possible operations during the 2030s.

Japanese institutions have already begun testing parts of that model. Four Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group companies launched a proof of concept in August to test JGB repo settlement on Canton Network, examining automated processing and 24-hour settlement. Tokenized deposits or stablecoins are being considered for the payment side of those transactions.

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Asia accounted for 30% of global stablecoin trading activity in 2025 and recorded the highest regional growth rate in crypto activity, according to an OECD report cited in the source material.

South Korea itself had 11.3 million verified crypto users, according to FSC data, giving regulators a sizable domestic digital asset market as the securities framework moves toward implementation.

The FSC plans to publish proposed revisions to subordinate regulations under the Financial Investment Services and Capital Markets Act and Electronic Registration Act by the end of September. Securities companies and the Korea Securities Depository will work on the required infrastructure before the first phase begins in February 2027.

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Bitcoin heads for third winning week in a row as macro pressures mount

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Bitcoin headed for its third straight winning week, as traders searched for refuge amid volatile moves in equities, currencies and bond markets.

The token is also up 4.6% week to date and hit a high of $82,272.31 overnight. That marks its highest level since May 11, when bitcoin peaked at $82,499.99. It last traded at $81,151.10.

Bitcoin had been in the doldrums for much of this year, trading roughly within the range of $60,000 to $70,000 since early June. However, the digital asset broke above $70,000 in late August, and it has continued to climb since then as the so-called debasement trade — a strategy in which traders move away from dollars into assets such as crypto or gold — regained momentum.

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Bitcoin 5-day chart

“The price breakout came towards the [end of August] with the re-emergence of the debasement trade re-igniting investor interest in BTC – the U.S. Treasury announced it would increase purchases of longer-dated Treasuries, long yields fell, the dollar weakened, and BTC and gold moved higher,” Dominika Nestarcova, Goldman Sachs executive director of digital assets, said in a note Thursday.

Other cryptocurrencies are also rising. Ether hit a high of $2,545.62 on Friday, or its most elevated level since August 27. Solana jumped to as much as about $105.70, marking its highest price since August 31.

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Trezor Says Data Breach Affects Another 67k US Customers

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Trezor Says Data Breach Affects Another 67k US Customers

The impact of hardware wallet provider Trezor’s data breach was larger than initially estimated, expanding to an additional 67,000 US customers.

The breach may endanger more US users who ordered between November 2019 and August 2021, Trezor said in a Friday X post, citing the latest update from its shipping provider, ShipMonk. 

These customers had their full details exposed, including name, email, number, shipping address and order specifics. Trezor blamed the shipping provider for not deleting the data from these orders, despite saying it had received written assurances from ShipMonk.

While Trezor systems were not compromised, the data breach may threaten the digital asset holdings of the 67,000 customers, as attackers may use the information for phishing attacks impersonating Trezor, in a bid to steal users’ seed phrases controlling their wallets.

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In August, Trezor initially estimated that only 14,000 users had their data exposed through the shipping provider. Trezor reported in January 2024 that about 66,000 users were at risk of phishing attacks if they had contacted the company’s support team since December 2021.  

Phishing attacks and social engineering don’t require exploiting code vulnerabilities. Still, these impersonation-based scams drove the majority of the crypto industry’s losses in the first quarter of the year, accounting for $306 million of the total $482 million lost, according to blockchain security company Hacken. 

In July, a crypto investor lost nearly $1 million after signing a malicious phishing token approval transaction on Ethereum. 

Related: Thai businessmen sue Tether for freezing $42M in $61M pig butchering case

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Cointelegraph is committed to independent, transparent journalism. This news article is produced in accordance with Cointelegraph’s Editorial Policy and aims to provide accurate and timely information. Readers are encouraged to verify information independently.

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Americans Lose $10 Billion a Year to Scam Compounds. The US and UK Just Teamed Up

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ZachXBT Disowns Copycat Meme Coins, Donates $25,000 to Venezuela Relief

US and UK law enforcement signed a first-of-its-kind agreement on Thursday to dismantle the overseas crypto and cyber scam compounds that strip roughly $10 billion from Americans every year.

The memorandum of understanding (MoU) binds the US Attorney’s Office for the District of Columbia, the Crown Prosecution Service of England and Wales, and the National Crime Agency, Britain’s lead body against serious organized crime.

US and UK Launch Joint Offensive Against Scam Compounds

Under the memorandum of understanding, the three agencies will run parallel investigations into shared targets. They will also trade intelligence on organized crime syndicates and settle which country prosecutes each case.

US Attorney Jeanine Ferris Pirro signed alongside Crown Prosecutor Stephen Parkinson and National Crime Agency Director General Graeme Biggar. The ceremony took place at the residence of Britain’s ambassador to the US.

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Pirro framed the arrangement as a wartime alliance against transnational crime.

“Together we will disable the Chinese TOC networks that are operating these scam compounds and depriving our citizens of their hard-earned funds, all while using human-trafficked labor to increase their profit,” he said.

Both sides have already flagged overlapping cases. Meanwhile, the National Crime Agency will host an in-person disruption operation with private industry partners in London in early October.

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Fraud Losses Climb as Enforcement Widens

The MOU extends a campaign that began in November 2025, when Pirro launched the Scam Center Strike Force. BeInCrypto reported that in April, the US Attorney’s Office, along with its partners, restrained more than $700 million in crypto tied to scam compounds. Authorities seized a further $25 million in July tied to global fraud networks.

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Private firms have joined the effort. Coinbase froze over $3 million linked to Asian fraud rings during a DOJ Disruption Week in June.

The numbers behind the crackdown keep rising. Reported losses from cyber-enabled investment fraud (CIF) hit $8.65 billion in 2025, an 89% jump from $4.57 billion in 2023.

Cyber-enabled fraud drove almost 85% of all losses logged by the FBI’s Internet Crime Complaint Center (IC3) last year. However, the agency notes most victims never file a report, so actual losses run higher.

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The post Americans Lose $10 Billion a Year to Scam Compounds. The US and UK Just Teamed Up appeared first on BeInCrypto.

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Kalshi Traffic Jumps 1,520% as Market Share Expands

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Kalshi Traffic Jumps 1,520% as Market Share Expands

Major prediction market platform Kalshi has seen its US web traffic explode over the past year, underscoring the platform’s rapid growth while regulators and courts scrutinize its expanding event-contract business.

Kalshi recorded 15.4 million visits from the United States in July, up about 1,520% from just under 1 million in August 2025, according to Similarweb traffic estimates reviewed by Cointelegraph on Friday.

US traffic accounted for nearly 80% of Kalshi’s traffic in July, up from 72.8% in August 2025, showing that its growth has remained heavily concentrated in the country.

The surge comes as Kalshi faces mounting legal challenges over whether its sports contracts fall under federal oversight or state gambling laws, with New Jersey taking the dispute to the US Supreme Court.

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Trading volume outpaces traffic growth

Kalshi’s surge in web traffic has come alongside even faster growth in trading activity, as prediction markets have expanded rapidly over the past year.

Kalshi recorded about $40 billion in monthly notional trading volume in August, up from $874 million a year earlier, an increase of roughly 4,500%, according to a Dune Analytics prediction market data dashboard.

Source: Dune Analytics

Across the prediction-market industry, monthly notional volume rose to $50.7 billion from about $2 billion over the same period, with Kalshi accounting for nearly 79% of the latest total.

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Related: Michigan authorities continue pursuit to block Kalshi as Supreme Court fight looms

Sports contracts accounted for 83% of Kalshi’s trading volume in July, Barron’s reported Thursday.

Kalshi draws growing traffic from restricted jurisdictions

Canada generated about 450,000 visits to Kalshi’s website in July, up from roughly 50,000 in August 2025, while UK traffic increased to 296,000 from 31,000.

Both Canada and the UK are among the jurisdictions where Kalshi’s member agreement currently prohibits users from directly accessing or trading on Kalshi’s platform. Kalshi partnered with Canadian financial services company Wealthsimple in June to provide access to nearly 4,000 eligible Kalshi contracts through a separate app.

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Kalshi website traffic by country in July 2026 and August 2025. Source: Similarweb

From August 2025 to July 2026, Canada’s share of Kalshi’s traffic slipped to 2.3% from 3.8%, while the UK’s share fell to 1.5% from 2.4%, even as visits from both countries increased.

Cointelegraph contacted Kalshi for comment on the traffic from restricted jurisdictions but had not received a response by publication.

Magazine: BTC will hit $1M by 2030… but Arthur Hayes is buying ETH instead

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Ethereum price retests $2,550 as RSI nears 67

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Ethereum 4-hour chart shows ETH testing $2,550 resistance near the upper Bollinger Band as RSI rises to 66.87.

Ethereum price rebounded nearly 6% from its 24-hour low to trade near $2,524 on Sept. 4, but the recovery has brought ETH back to a resistance zone that has rejected several breakout attempts.

Summary

  • Ethereum price recovered from about $2,370 to above $2,520 within 24 hours.
  • The 4-hour RSI rose to 66.87 as ETH approached the upper Bollinger Band.
  • Liquidation clusters sit near $2,540–$2,550 and between $2,485 and $2,490.
  • A weekly close above $2,550 could open a path toward $3,000, according to analyst Ted Pillows.

Ethereum price rebounds toward $2,550

According to data from crypto.news, Ethereum (ETH) price was trading around $2,524 at the time of writing, up approximately 5.7% over the previous 24 hours. The rebound followed a fall to roughly $2,370, leaving ETH about 6.5% above its intraday low.

The recovery coincided with a broader crypto rally that lifted Bitcoin above $81,000. US markets also moved higher after Federal Reserve Governor Christopher Waller said he could support keeping interest rates unchanged if inflation continued to ease.

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Waller’s comments reduced expectations for a rate increase at the Fed’s Sept. 15–16 meeting. Treasury yields and the US dollar declined as traders adjusted their interest-rate positions.

Weak US employment data added to the shift. The ADP National Employment Report showed private employers created 38,000 jobs in August, below economists’ estimate of about 47,000. The reading gave rate-sensitive assets further room to recover before the official US employment report.

Despite the rebound, ETH has not confirmed a breakout. The price reached an intraday high of approximately $2,547 before returning below $2,550, leaving the same resistance that stopped earlier advances intact.

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Whale transfers add supply risk

Blockchain tracker Lookonchain reported that one large holder received 167,855 ETH, then began transferring the tokens toward centralized exchanges.

The wallet deposited 70,739 ETH, worth approximately $174 million at the time, into several exchanges over two days. It still held 97,115 ETH, valued at nearly $237 million, when the activity was reported.

Exchange deposits can precede sales, but transfers alone do not prove that every token was sold. The remaining balance also means that reports that the holder fully liquidated the entire 167,855 ETH position are not supported by the available on-chain data.

The transfers nevertheless created a potential source of market supply as ETH struggled around $2,550. Continued deposits could pressure the recovery, particularly if the price loses its short-term support levels.

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US spot Ethereum exchange-traded funds have provided another source of demand. The products recorded $141.39 million in net inflows on Sep. 3, according to data attributed to SoSoValue.

Technical indicators favor buyers below resistance

The 4-hour ETH/USDT chart shows the price trading at $2,523.79, close to the Bollinger Band’s upper boundary at $2,544.17. The middle band, which tracks the 20-period simple moving average, stands at $2,444.67.

Ethereum 4-hour chart shows ETH testing $2,550 resistance near the upper Bollinger Band as RSI rises to 66.87.
Ethereum price 4-hour chart — Sep. 4 | Source: crypto.news

Ethereum’s 4-hour relative strength index has risen to 66.87, while its RSI moving average sits at 50.18. Momentum therefore favors buyers, but the indicator is approaching the 70 level commonly associated with overbought conditions.

A close above the upper Bollinger Band and $2,550 would strengthen the breakout case. The next visible resistance zones would sit near $2,600 and $2,700 before the psychological $3,000 mark.

Failure at $2,550 would keep $2,500 as the first level to watch. Below it, the Bollinger Band midpoint near $2,445 could serve as the next support, followed by the lower band at $2,345.

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The daily chart offers a stronger medium-term signal. ETH remains above its Supertrend line at $2,223.45, while Chaikin Money Flow stands at 0.24. A positive CMF reading indicates that buying pressure has exceeded selling pressure over the indicator’s measurement period.

Ethereum daily chart shows ETH near $2,524 above Supertrend support at $2,223, with CMF positive at 0.24.
Ethereum price daily chart — Sep. 4 | Source: crypto.news

Losing $2,445 would weaken the short-term recovery without ending the broader daily uptrend. A move below $2,345 would place the recent low near $2,370 and the wider $2,300 support area at risk.

Liquidation map puts $2,550 in focus

The 24-hour CoinGlass liquidation heatmap shows one of the nearest overhead liquidity concentrations between approximately $2,535 and $2,550. A move through that band could force leveraged short positions to close, adding buying pressure to a confirmed breakout.

Ethereum 24-hour liquidation heatmap shows major liquidity clusters near $2,485 and overhead around $2,540–$2,550.
Ethereum liquidation heatmap | Source: CoinGlass

The strongest nearby downside concentration appears around $2,485–$2,490. Additional liquidation bands are visible near $2,460 and $2,400.

The map therefore places ETH between two close pools of leveraged exposure. A break above $2,550 could trigger a short squeeze, while a fall below $2,490 could accelerate a move toward $2,460.

CoinGlass reported approximately $115 million in ETH futures liquidations over the previous 24 hours. Open interest stood near $34.23 billion, showing that a large amount of leveraged positioning remained in the market after the recovery.

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Analysts see $3,000 after a confirmed breakout

Analyst Ted Pillows said ETH had tested $2,550 and faced another rejection. He argued that a weekly close above the level could allow Ethereum to move quickly toward $3,000.

Market commentator Lucky also described $3,000 as a possible longer-term target, pointing to a breakout from a descending channel and a successful retest visible on his chart. His projection called for a potential 56% advance, although the forecast depends on ETH retaining its reclaimed trend structure.

Neither target is confirmed while Ethereum remains below $2,550. The immediate test is whether buyers can absorb selling around that level without allowing the price to fall beneath $2,490 and the 4-hour Bollinger midpoint.

For US traders, the official August jobs report and next week’s inflation readings could determine whether falling Treasury yields continue to support ETH. Stronger-than-expected data or renewed inflation pressure could restore rate-hike expectations and challenge the rebound.

Disclosure: This article does not represent investment advice. The content and materials featured on this page are for educational purposes only.

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Uniswap Buys PONS Stake, Token Jumps 40% to New All-Time High

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Uniswap Labs has purchased a stake in PONS as part of a longer-term partnership, sending the token to a new all-time high of $0.75.

The move comes as the Pons team reported rising activity on the platform, with more than 63% of Robinhood Chain launchpad volume passing through the protocol over the past 24 hours.

Uniswap Labs Confirms the Purchase

Pons announced the purchase on September 4, saying the deal would deepen its partnership with Uniswap and give the two projects “long-term alignment.” However, the post did not disclose how much PONS Uniswap Labs purchased or the value of the transaction.

Still, the market reaction was immediate. At the time of writing, PONS was trading at $0.71, up 40.2% in the last 24 hours and more than 507% in the last week, per CoinGecko. It touched as high as $0.75 earlier in the day, a new price record, before easing back, so the current price sits close to 4% below that peak.

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Volume climbed too, with $151.8 million changing hands in the past day, a 9% jump from the session before. And if you look at longer timeframes, the numbers get harder to ignore. PONS is up more than 1,769% in the last 14 days and over 2,713% for the month, a run that traces back to a low of $0.0033 in mid-July, and it’s also up close to 25% on its pairing with Bitcoin.

A Token Built Around Burning Its Own Supply

Pons has leaned on deflationary mechanics since it launched. The project says 29.34% of the total PONS supply has been burned to date, with 80% of protocol fees going toward buying back and burning more tokens on an ongoing basis.

The team has also been adding tokenized stock pairs to its platform, including UPS, Snap, Lululemon, Figma, Moderna, Pfizer, Rivian, Marvell, and Johnson & Johnson in the past day alone. Trading followed. More than 63% of all volume on Robinhood Chain’s launchpad flowed through its platform in a single 24-hour stretch, a day that saw $400 million in volume overall.

Uniswap’s PONS purchase came the same week its own token, UNI, was climbing. As CryptoPotato reported earlier, UNI gained as much as 32% over seven days, and it has since gone even higher, changing hands at just under $6.40 as of this writing, a jump of over 60% in the last 30 days.

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South Korea Regulators Draft Tokenized Securities Roadmap

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Crypto Breaking News

South Korea’s Financial Services Commission (FSC) has laid out a three-phase plan to build the legal and technical groundwork for issuing tokenized securities—an effort that, if executed on schedule, would clarify how onchain securities could fit within the country’s existing capital markets framework.

In a press release issued Friday, the FSC said tokenized securities are expected to gain formal legal recognition starting Feb. 4, 2027, following an update to the Act on Electronic Registration of Stocks and Bonds. The initiative also points toward a later phase connecting tokenized issuance and payments with stablecoins.

Key takeaways

  • The FSC plans to recognize tokenized securities legally from Feb. 4, 2027 via amendments to the Act on Electronic Registration of Stocks and Bonds.
  • Phase one covers legal recognition for tokenized versions of selected instruments, including certain funds and bonds, along with unlisted stocks and fractional investment securities.
  • Phase two would broaden tokenization to apply to all publicly offered securities.
  • Phase three targets onchain payment flows linked to stablecoins, indicating regulators see stablecoins as part of the settlement picture.
  • Before launching the roadmap, the FSC intends to collaborate with the Korea Securities Depository (KSD) on the necessary tokenization infrastructure.

A date-specific shift toward legal recognition

Until now, tokenized securities have faced regulatory uncertainty in many jurisdictions—typically tied to questions about legal status, transfer mechanisms, and settlement. South Korea’s plan attempts to remove at least one major friction point by tying recognition of tokenized securities to a concrete legislative timetable.

The FSC said that beginning Feb. 4, 2027, tokenized securities would be recognized as digitized forms of securities after the scheduled update to the Act on Electronic Registration of Stocks and Bonds takes effect. This is intended to align the tokenized form with the legal infrastructure already used for registering and handling stocks and bonds electronically.

The roadmap is described as part of the implementation of amended versions of the Capital Markets Act and the Electronic Securities Act, which the FSC framed as the country’s first tokenized securities framework.

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What the three phases cover

The FSC’s approach is staged, moving from recognition of specific instruments to broader application and then toward a more integrated onchain settlement model.

Phase one focuses on bringing tokenized securities into the regulatory and legal fold for a limited set of products. According to the FSC, legal recognition would apply to tokenized securities that include:

  • institutional money market funds
  • bonds
  • unlisted stocks
  • fractional investment securities

Phase two would expand tokenization to all publicly offered securities. For market participants, this sequencing matters: it suggests that issuers and intermediaries will be expected to adapt operational and compliance processes first for a controlled set of instruments, before the rulebook potentially broadens to cover a wider universe of public offerings.

Phase three is the most ambitious and forward-looking. The FSC said it aims to enable onchain payments connected to stablecoins. While the announcement stops short of detailing technical standards or regulatory limits for stablecoins in this context, the fact that stablecoin-linked payments are included in the final phase indicates regulators are thinking beyond token issuance alone and toward settlement and custody-to-payment workflows.

Rulemaking steps and the role of market infrastructure

Alongside the legislative timeline, the FSC laid out additional near-term administrative work. It said it plans to propose revisions to relevant subordinate regulations by the end of September—a step that typically determines how the law will function in practice, including the operational rules that govern issuance, transfer, and compliance.

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Importantly, the FSC also indicated it would decide the timetable for phase two and phase three after the subordinate revisions are prepared, meaning that the later phases are not fully locked in by the Feb. 4, 2027 recognition date.

Before the roadmap begins, the FSC said it would work with the Korea Securities Depository (KSD) to develop the tokenization infrastructure required for the framework. For investors and firms, that matters because successful tokenization depends heavily on the readiness of core market plumbing—interfaces with registries, confirmation of ownership records, and the ability to reconcile onchain activity with established capital markets processes.

Why the roadmap signals a tightening regulatory stance

This announcement comes as South Korean regulators have been steadily moving closer to a defined regime for tokenized assets. Earlier, the FSC had indicated that it would publish detailed tokenized securities rules to bring them under the country’s capital markets framework in 2027, according to reporting on the FSC’s prior stance.

In addition, South Korea has been experimenting with tokenized settlement concepts outside of securities issuance. In April, the Ministry of Economy and Finance announced a pilot project using tokenized deposits for executing government operational spending, with a full rollout planned for the fourth quarter of 2026. That effort is separate from the FSC’s tokenized securities framework, but it reinforces the broader regulatory direction: using tokenization not only for trading or issuance, but potentially for real-world payments and operational transfers.

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Viewed together, the FSC’s roadmap suggests South Korea is trying to reconcile two priorities that often clash in tokenization discussions: preserving the legal certainty of traditional capital markets while making room for blockchain-based representation and, eventually, onchain payment rails.

At the same time, the phased nature of the plan leaves practical questions open. The biggest uncertainty for market participants is likely how quickly phase two and phase three will move after the subordinate regulations are drafted, and what technical and compliance requirements will accompany stablecoin-linked onchain payments.

For readers watching this space, the next signals to track are the FSC’s subordinate regulation revisions due by the end of September and the details that emerge from its coordination with the KSD—especially anything clarifying how settlement, custody records, and stablecoin-linked payment flows will be handled under the updated legal framework.

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Notional Finance Hit by $1.7 Million Exploit From Integer Overflow Bug

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Notional Finance (NOTE) Price Performance. Source: BeInCrypto

An attacker drained roughly $1.73 million from Notional Finance’s legacy escrow contract early Friday, exploiting a coding flaw that made an enormous fabricated debt register as zero.

The stolen DAI and USDC became about 689 ether (ETH). The funds then went through Tornado Cash, a service that breaks the trail between wallets. Notional has said nothing publicly.

How the Notional Finance Exploit Worked

Notional Finance is a fixed-rate lending protocol on Ethereum. Its first version recorded future cash obligations as tokens called fCash. The system screened borrowers for collateral before letting them add debt.

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That screening converted debt into ether terms through a raw uint128 conversion. Two mints summed to exactly two raised to the power of 128. That is the single value the conversion flattens to zero, QuillAudits found.

A checked conversion would have rejected the figure instead of quietly dropping its digits. Notional used the safer method elsewhere in the same file, according to the write-up.

The account then read as debt free. Etherscan records show the setup landed at 11:58 p.m. UTC Thursday and the withdrawal three minutes later.

That second transaction moved 69,257 DAI and 1,658,524 USDC out of the escrow. The attacker also tipped block builder Titan 0.07 ETH to route the trade privately.

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Security firm PeckShield relayed a warning from on-chain monitor Specter. The escrow now holds about $60,600 in leftover tokens.

Dormant V1 Contracts Still Held Real Money

Notional wound down its third version after the November 2025 Balancer exploit cascaded into its vaults. The V1 contracts stayed live and funded, and nobody swept them.

Independently audited protocols still account for most crypto hack losses, so an old review offered no cover here. June brought a close parallel, when an attacker drained legacy Solana pools at Raydium.

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Notional’s NOTE token trades near $0.0065, up 3.5% over 24 hours, on a market value close to $400,700.

Notional Finance (NOTE) Price Performance. Source: BeInCrypto
Notional Finance (NOTE) Price Performance. Source: BeInCrypto

Notional had issued no statement, loss figure, or post-mortem at publication. Whether the drained cash belonged to users, the treasury, or a third party remains unconfirmed.

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We checked 6 years of bitcoin data. The NFP report isn't big price mover

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AUD/NZD: Fresh Hikes on Both Sides, One Chart Still Undecided

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AUD/NZD: Fresh Hikes on Both Sides, One Chart Still Undecided

The Aussie enters this week with genuine hawkish backing after Australia’s Q2 GDP surprised sharply to the upside, pushing the market-implied probability of a September RBA hike from 48% to 57%, with a November move now more than fully priced. Governor Bullock’s board has already flagged upside inflation risks tied to Middle East-driven energy costs, and rising Australian bond yields, which touched their highest level since April 2011 this week, are only reinforcing that hawkish backdrop.

Across the Tasman, the RBNZ delivered exactly what all five major New Zealand bank economists expected on Wednesday: a 25bp hike to 2.75%, the second consecutive increase after July’s tightening move. Headline inflation remains elevated at 4.1%, though the central bank’s own projections signal a likely pause in October before potentially resuming in December, leaving markets pricing roughly a 30% chance of another hike this year.

The result: two central banks now both firmly in tightening mode, though the RBA’s path still carries more near-term uncertainty than the RBNZ’s, whose next move already looks broadly telegraphed through year-end.

Technical Analysis of AUD/NZD

As the AUD/NZD chart shows, the pair staged a sharp rally from the 1.19633 low, riding a steep ascending trendline that has powered the entire late-August advance. That rally has since run into resistance near the 1.22897 high, the 0 Fibonacci level, where price is now consolidating just above the 0.236 retracement near 1.22127, caught between a shorter-term descending trendline from this week’s peak and the broader medium-term descending trendline that has capped the pair since late June.

Bullish Scenario

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Should buyers defend the 0.236 retracement and the ascending trendline while breaking above the short-term descending trendline, the path would open towards a retest of the 1.22897 high. A confirmed break above that level would mark a genuine shift in the broader multi-month structure.

Bearish Scenario

Conversely, a break below the 0.236 level and the steep ascending trendline would expose the intermediate 1.213–1.215 support zone, coinciding with the 0.5 Fibonacci retracement. A deeper slide below that zone would risk a fuller retracement of the late-August rally, back towards the 0.618–0.786 area near 1.203–1.209.

With price squeezed between a reclaimed short-term trendline, a defended ascending trendline, and the long-term descending trendline, AUD/NZD looks poised for a decisive move. Will the RBA’s hawkish momentum push the pair through resistance, or will the broader downtrend since June reassert control?

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