Crypto World
What Is Wrapped Bitcoin (WBTC)? How It Works and Risks
Bitcoin is the largest pool of value in crypto, but on its own, it cannot touch Ethereum’s world of lending, borrowing, and yield. Wrapped Bitcoin is the bridge. This guide explains how WBTC works, the mint-and-burn model behind it, the alternatives, and the custodial risks that set it apart from holding real BTC.
Summary
- Wrapped Bitcoin (WBTC) is an ERC-20 token on Ethereum backed 1:1 by real Bitcoin held in reserve by a custodian, letting Bitcoin’s value be used inside Ethereum’s decentralized finance ecosystem.
- It exists because native Bitcoin cannot operate inside Ethereum smart contracts, so WBTC bridges the largest pool of crypto value into the largest arena for DeFi.
- WBTC works through a mint-and-burn model run by three parties: custodians who hold the Bitcoin, merchants who handle verification and distribution, and users, all overseen by the WBTC DAO.
- WBTC tracks Bitcoin’s price and can be used for lending, borrowing, yield farming, and as collateral, but it is not the same as holding native BTC because it adds custodial, smart contract, and bridge risks.
- Alternatives such as Coinbase’s cbBTC and the more decentralized tBTC offer different custody models, and the choice among them comes down to which trust assumptions you are comfortable with.
Wrapped Bitcoin, known by its ticker WBTC, is an ERC-20 token that runs on the Ethereum blockchain and is backed 1:1 by real Bitcoin held in reserve, so that one WBTC is always meant to equal one Bitcoin. Its entire purpose is to solve a fundamental incompatibility in crypto: Bitcoin, the largest and most valuable cryptocurrency, lives on its own blockchain and cannot natively participate in the decentralized finance applications built on Ethereum, because those applications run on smart contracts that Bitcoin’s design does not support.
An enormous amount of crypto wealth sits in Bitcoin, while an enormous amount of programmable financial activity happens on Ethereum, and for years, there was no way to bring the two together. Wrapped Bitcoin is the bridge. By locking real Bitcoin with a custodian and issuing an equivalent Ethereum token against it, WBTC lets Bitcoin holders put their Bitcoin’s value to work inside Ethereum’s ecosystem, lending it, borrowing against it, trading it, supplying it to liquidity pools, and using it as collateral, all without selling their Bitcoin exposure. It was the first widely adopted way to do this, and it remains one of the most integrated.
The idea is simple, but the details are where the important nuances live, and they are worth understanding before using WBTC, because the convenience comes with trade-offs that holding plain Bitcoin does not have. A wrapped token introduces extra parties and extra trust assumptions, and the question of who holds the underlying Bitcoin, and whether you can always get it back, sits at the center of the whole arrangement.
This guide explains what WBTC is, why it is needed, exactly how the mint-and-burn mechanism works, who the custodians and merchants are, and why they matter, a concrete example of using WBTC in practice, how it compares to native Bitcoin and to newer alternatives like cbBTC and tBTC, and the specific risks that come with holding a wrapped asset rather than the real thing. The aim is to let you decide whether wrapped Bitcoin fits your needs or whether plain Bitcoin is the cleaner choice.
Why Bitcoin needs wrapping
To understand why WBTC exists, you have to understand a basic limitation of Bitcoin. Bitcoin was designed as a secure, decentralized system for holding and transferring value, and it does that job extremely well, but its scripting language is deliberately limited and is not built to run the complex, self-executing programs known as smart contracts.
Ethereum, by contrast, was built specifically to run smart contracts, and decentralized finance, the ecosystem of lending protocols, decentralized exchanges, and yield platforms, is constructed almost entirely on Ethereum and similar smart-contract blockchains.
The consequence is that Bitcoin, despite being the largest store of value in crypto, simply cannot plug into these applications directly. A Bitcoin holder who wanted to earn yield or use their holdings as collateral in DeFi had no native way to do so.
This is the gap wrapping fills. The core problem is one of interoperability, the ability to use an asset from one blockchain on another, and wrapping is one of the earliest and most widely used solutions to it. By representing Bitcoin as a token that conforms to Ethereum’s technical standards, specifically the ERC-20 standard that Ethereum applications are built to recognize, wrapped Bitcoin makes Bitcoin-linked value fully usable inside the Ethereum environment.
The ERC-20 standard is a set of rules that makes a token fully compatible and interchangeable across Ethereum’s smart contracts, so a wrapped Bitcoin token can be lent, borrowed, swapped, and used as collateral exactly like any other Ethereum token.
Wrapping, therefore, reduces the fragmentation between Bitcoin’s huge liquidity and Ethereum’s rich application layer, turning Bitcoin from an asset that sits outside DeFi into one that can be put to work within it. That is the entire reason wrapped Bitcoin was created, and why it found immediate demand.
How the mint-and-burn model works
The mechanism that keeps wrapped Bitcoin backed 1:1 by real Bitcoin is called mint and burn, and it relies on a three-party system of custodians, merchants, and users.
The custodian is a regulated entity that holds the actual Bitcoin in secure reserve; for WBTC, this role has been played by the digital-asset custody firm BitGo. The merchant is an intermediary, such as an exchange or crypto business, that interacts with users, performs the necessary identity and compliance checks, and distributes the wrapped tokens. The user is the person who wants to convert between Bitcoin and wrapped Bitcoin. These three parties, coordinated by a set of smart contracts, keep the supply of WBTC matched to the Bitcoin held in reserve.
The process works in two directions. To create, or mint, wrapped Bitcoin, a user requests WBTC from a merchant, who carries out know-your-customer and anti-money-laundering checks to verify the user’s identity. The merchant then sends the corresponding Bitcoin to the custodian, who holds it in reserve and mints an equal amount of WBTC on Ethereum, which makes its way to the user.
To reverse the process, or burn the tokens, a user who wants their Bitcoin back submits a redemption request, the WBTC is destroyed in what is called a burn transaction, and the custodian releases the equivalent Bitcoin from reserve. Because every WBTC in existence is meant to correspond to a Bitcoin locked with the custodian, the token maintains its 1:1 peg, and its price tracks Bitcoin’s price closely.
Importantly, both the minting and the burning are recorded publicly on the Ethereum and Bitcoin blockchains, so anyone can verify the activity, and the system is periodically subjected to proof-of-reserve checks that confirm the Bitcoin backing actually exists. This transparency is meant to give holders confidence that the wrapped tokens are genuinely backed, though, as the risks section explains, it does not remove the reliance on the custodian.
Who governs WBTC, and why it matters
A wrapped token raises an obvious question: who controls the system, decides which custodians and merchants are trusted, and can change how it works. For WBTC, the answer is a decentralized autonomous organization known as the WBTC DAO, a governing body made up of a group of stakeholders that has included prominent names in the crypto space.
The DAO operates through a multi-signature wallet, meaning that changes require the agreement of multiple keyholders rather than any single party, and its members can vote to add or remove custodians and merchants and to make changes to the smart contracts on which the system runs. This governance structure exists specifically to reduce the centralization risk that would come from a single company controlling the entire arrangement, spreading authority across a set of stakeholders instead.
Why this matters became vivid in 2024, in what served as the clearest real-world stress test of WBTC’s governance. The custodian BitGo announced a change to its custody arrangements involving a partnership with another firm, and that change sparked significant concern across decentralized finance because of the new partner’s perceived links to a controversial figure and ecosystem.
The episode mattered because it went to the heart of the trust assumption underlying WBTC: holders were trusting that the Bitcoin backing their tokens was held safely and by parties they considered reliable, and a change in who effectively controlled that custody was enough to shake confidence and prompt many users and protocols to reconsider. It also accelerated the rise of alternative wrapped Bitcoin products with different custody models.
The lesson is that the governance and custody arrangements of a wrapped token are not background details; they are central to its safety, because the whole value of WBTC rests on the Bitcoin being there and being controlled by trustworthy parties. Who governs the system, and how, is therefore something a prospective holder should actually look into rather than take for granted.
A worked example: putting Bitcoin to work
A concrete example shows why someone would bother wrapping their Bitcoin in the first place. Imagine a person named Ezra who holds $2,000 worth of Bitcoin and believes in it as a long-term holding, but who also wants to earn a return on that value instead of letting it sit idle. The problem is that the lending protocol Ezra wants to use, which would pay interest on deposited assets, runs on Ethereum, and Ezra’s Bitcoin cannot be deposited there directly because it lives on a different blockchain that the protocol cannot interact with. Without wrapping, Ezra’s only options would be to sell the Bitcoin for an Ethereum-native asset, giving up his Bitcoin exposure, or to leave it earning nothing.
Wrapping solves this. Ezra converts his Bitcoin into wrapped Bitcoin, either by going through a merchant to mint it directly or, more commonly for an ordinary user, by simply swapping his Bitcoin for WBTC on an exchange or decentralized exchange, which avoids the need to interact with the custodians himself. Now holding WBTC, which is an Ethereum token tracking Bitcoin’s price 1:1, Ezra can deposit it into the lending protocol and earn interest, all while his position still rises and falls with the price of Bitcoin. He has kept his Bitcoin exposure and put it to work at the same time. Beyond lending, WBTC opens the same doors that any Ethereum token enjoys: Ezra could supply it to a liquidity pool on a decentralized exchange to earn trading fees, use it as collateral to borrow other assets, or deposit it into yield strategies.
A further practical benefit is speed, since transactions in WBTC settle on Ethereum, which produces blocks far more frequently than Bitcoin, so moving wrapped Bitcoin between Ethereum wallets and applications is quicker than moving native Bitcoin. This is the everyday appeal of wrapped Bitcoin: it lets Bitcoin holders participate in the full range of Ethereum-based finance without selling the Bitcoin they want to keep.
WBTC versus native Bitcoin and the alternatives
It is essential to be clear that wrapped Bitcoin is not the same as holding native Bitcoin, even though the two share a price.
With native Bitcoin, the only real question about safety is whether you control your own private keys; if you do, the Bitcoin is yours, secured by the Bitcoin network itself. With WBTC, the question expands considerably, because you are now also relying on the custodian to actually hold the backing Bitcoin, on the integrity of the reserves, on the governance of the system, and on the redemption process working when you want to convert back.
You may hold the WBTC token in your own wallet, but the wrapped asset still depends on institutional actors operating correctly behind the scenes. WBTC tracks Bitcoin’s market value, but it does not inherit Bitcoin’s trust model, and that difference is the single most important thing to understand about it. If your only goal is to hold Bitcoin for the long term and you have no interest in DeFi, native Bitcoin is the cleaner and simpler choice.
The 2024 custody controversy spurred the growth of alternative tokenized Bitcoin products, and they are worth knowing because they offer different trade-offs. One prominent alternative is cbBTC, issued by the exchange Coinbase, which appeals to users who already trust Coinbase’s custody and operate within its ecosystem. Another is tBTC, built by the Threshold Network, which is designed to avoid reliance on a single custodian in favor of a more decentralized model, appealing to users for whom minimizing custodial trust matters more than convenience.
There are others as well, and the broader point is that the tokenized Bitcoin market has become fragmented, offering distinct choices for different priorities. The decision among them is fundamentally about trust model and use case instead of price, since they all track Bitcoin: choose WBTC for the deepest liquidity and the widest integration across established DeFi protocols, choose cbBTC if you prefer Coinbase’s custody, choose tBTC if avoiding a single custodian is your priority, and choose native Bitcoin if you do not need DeFi at all. Wrapped Bitcoin products are tools for a specific purpose, not upgrades to Bitcoin.
Risks and what to check before wrapping
The risks of wrapped Bitcoin all stem from the fact that it adds layers of trust on top of simply holding Bitcoin, and understanding them is essential before wrapping any meaningful amount. The primary risk is custodial centralization. Because the wrapped token is only as good as the Bitcoin held in reserve, the failure of the custodian, whether through a hack, insolvency, mismanagement, or loss of access, could impair the backing and leave holders with tokens that no longer correspond to real Bitcoin.
This is not a theoretical concern: history offers cautionary examples of wrapped or bridged Bitcoin products that became impossible to redeem after the entity backing them failed, turning Bitcoin-backed tokens supposedly into worthless or stranded assets. The custody arrangement is the foundation, and if it fails, everything built on it fails with it.
Several other risks compound the custodial one. Smart contract risk means that bugs or vulnerabilities in the Ethereum-side code, or errors in governance, could affect the token. Bridge risk arises when wrapped Bitcoin is moved onto other networks, such as Ethereum layer-two chains, through additional bridges, since each bridging layer adds another set of trust assumptions and another potential point of failure, and you may encounter bridged representations that wrap an already-wrapped token, compounding the risk further. Governance risk means that the parties controlling the system could make decisions, such as the contested custody change, that holders dislike or distrust. And regulatory risk means that official actions could affect redemptions or lead to address restrictions.
The practical advice that follows from all this is to verify before you wrap: check which specific wrapped token and contract you are holding, understand its custody model and who controls the reserves, confirm that proof-of-reserve attestations are current, and make sure you understand the redemption path back to native Bitcoin.
Reviewing the custodian’s transparency, the governance records, and any reputable audits or incident reports before committing meaningful funds is simply prudent. Wrapped Bitcoin is a useful tool that fills a real gap, but it should never be treated as identical to the Bitcoin it represents, because the trust model behind it is fundamentally different.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Wrapped Bitcoin (WBTC) in simple terms?
Wrapped Bitcoin is an Ethereum token backed one-to-one by real Bitcoin held in reserve by a custodian, so one WBTC is meant to always equal one Bitcoin. It exists because native Bitcoin cannot be used inside Ethereum’s decentralized finance applications, which run on smart contracts that Bitcoin does not support. By locking real Bitcoin and issuing an equivalent Ethereum token against it, WBTC lets Bitcoin holders use their Bitcoin’s value for lending, borrowing, trading, and collateral within Ethereum’s ecosystem, without selling their Bitcoin exposure. It tracks Bitcoin’s price closely because every WBTC corresponds to a Bitcoin in reserve.
How does Wrapped Bitcoin work?
It works through a mint-and-burn model involving three parties: custodians who hold the Bitcoin, merchants who handle verification and distribution, and users. To create WBTC, a user requests it from a merchant who performs identity checks, the corresponding Bitcoin is sent to the custodian, and an equal amount of WBTC is minted on Ethereum. To convert back, the user submits a redemption request, the WBTC is burned, and the custodian releases the Bitcoin. Both minting and burning are recorded publicly on both blockchains, and proof-of-reserve checks confirm the backing exists. The whole system is overseen by the WBTC DAO.
Is Wrapped Bitcoin the same as Bitcoin?
No, and this distinction is crucial. WBTC tracks Bitcoin’s price and can be redeemed one-to-one for Bitcoin, but it is not the same as holding native Bitcoin. With native Bitcoin, your only real concern is controlling your private keys. With WBTC, you also depend on the custodian actually holding the backing Bitcoin, on the reserves being intact, on the governance functioning, and on redemption working. WBTC shares Bitcoin’s price but not its trust model. If you only want to hold Bitcoin long term and do not need decentralized finance, native Bitcoin is the cleaner, simpler choice.
What can you do with Wrapped Bitcoin?
WBTC opens up the full range of Ethereum-based decentralized finance to Bitcoin’s value. Because it behaves like any Ethereum token, it can be lent out to earn interest, used as collateral to borrow other assets, supplied to liquidity pools on decentralized exchanges to earn trading fees, and deposited into yield strategies. This lets a Bitcoin holder earn returns or access liquidity while keeping their Bitcoin exposure, instead of selling. WBTC transactions also settle on Ethereum, which produces blocks far more frequently than Bitcoin, so moving wrapped Bitcoin between Ethereum wallets and applications is faster than moving native Bitcoin.
What are the alternatives to WBTC?
The main alternatives are other tokenized Bitcoin products with different custody models. cbBTC, issued by Coinbase, suits users who trust Coinbase’s custody and ecosystem. tBTC, built by the Threshold Network, is designed to avoid reliance on a single custodian in favor of a more decentralized model, appealing to those who prioritize minimizing custodial trust. The tokenized Bitcoin market is fragmented, and the choice among options comes down to trust model and use case instead of price. WBTC offers the deepest liquidity and widest DeFi integration, cbBTC offers Coinbase custody, tBTC offers more decentralization, and native Bitcoin is best if you do not need DeFi.
What are the risks of Wrapped Bitcoin?
The main risk is custodial centralization: because WBTC is only as good as the Bitcoin held in reserve, the failure of the custodian through a hack, insolvency, or loss of access could impair the backing, and history includes wrapped Bitcoin products that became unredeemable after their backers failed. Additional risks include smart contract vulnerabilities, bridge risk when WBTC is moved to other networks, governance decisions that holders may distrust, and regulatory actions affecting redemption. Before wrapping, verify which token and contract you hold, understand the custody model and reserves, confirm proof-of-reserve attestations, and make sure you understand the redemption path back to native Bitcoin.
This article is educational information, not financial advice. Wrapped Bitcoin and decentralized finance involve significant risks, including custodial failure, smart contract vulnerabilities, and loss of funds. Details of custodians, governance, and alternatives reflect information available as of June 26, 2026, and can change. Verify the current custody model, reserves, and redemption process of any wrapped token from primary sources, and consider your own circumstances before making any decision.
Crypto World
Sberbank to Deploy Crypto Trading Infrastructure in 2024, Russia
Sberbank, Russia’s largest bank, says it plans to roll out cryptocurrency trading infrastructure by Dec. 1, including a “digital depository” designed to record customers’ crypto ownership and handle transactions largely outside the public blockchain.
Interfax reported that the depository will track rights in clients’ cryptocurrency positions and process most transfers off-chain, while Sberbank will also run active wallets for deposits, withdrawals, and client-initiated transfers.
Key takeaways
- Sberbank’s scheduled Dec. 1 rollout would add a regulated-style custody and settlement layer, using a digital depository to record ownership and process transactions off-chain.
- Russia’s crypto market framework is progressing toward an effective date of Sept. 1, 2026, defining regulated participant categories and expanding central bank oversight.
- Regulatory preparation is unfolding alongside intensifying EU and UK sanctions affecting crypto-asset service providers linked to Russia-related activity.
- Investors and market participants should watch how Russia’s central bank sets licensing rules and eligibility for which assets can be offered through intermediaries.
Sberbank’s digital depository: custody and off-chain settlement
According to Interfax, the digital depository will serve as the core component of Sberbank’s planned infrastructure. It is intended to maintain records of customers’ cryptocurrency rights and to account for transactions outside the main blockchain.
The state-affiliated press service quoted Alexander Vedyakhin, Sberbank’s first deputy chairman of the management board, explaining that the depository would also support transfers requested through “active wallets.” In other words, customers’ interactions—depositing, withdrawing, and moving crypto via the bank—would be handled through a banking-operated system that mirrors custody and payment workflows more than traditional on-chain exchange mechanics.
The practical implication is that, if implemented as described, Sberbank could reduce reliance on direct peer-to-peer blockchain settlement for everyday client movements, instead concentrating transaction processing and ownership accounting inside the bank’s infrastructure.
Russia’s regulated crypto framework heads toward 2026
The Sberbank announcement arrives as Russia’s legislators have advanced the country’s first comprehensive crypto market framework. Earlier in the month, lawmakers completed final readings on a bill intended to bring crypto trading, custody, and settlement into a regulated financial system.
Earlier coverage from Cointelegraph noted that the bill would grant the Bank of Russia broad oversight of the regulated market. That oversight would include determining which crypto assets may be offered via licensed intermediaries and issuing implementing regulations.
Cointelegraph’s reporting also highlighted that the central bank has established liquidity thresholds for participating in the regulated market. Those thresholds include an average market capitalization above 5 trillion rubles (about $64 billion) and an average daily volume above 1 trillion rubles (about $12.8 billion) over a two-year period.
Once the framework takes effect, it establishes five categories of regulated market participants: crypto exchanges, brokers, asset managers, custodians, and exchange service providers. The framework is set to define what market participants can do—such as buying, selling, holding, and exchanging crypto assets—as of the effective date, Sept. 1, 2026.
Infrastructure rollout meets tightening sanctions environment
While Russia builds out domestic infrastructure, external compliance pressure continues to rise. The move toward a working crypto system inside Russia is unfolding as the European Union expands sanctions targeting Russia amid its war on Ukraine.
Last week, the EU listed cryptocurrency exchange HTX (formerly Huobi Global) among sanctioned entities. In a Thursday decision, the European Council amended earlier measures “in view of Russia’s actions destabilizing the situation in Ukraine,” adding HTX to a list of 18 entities “providing crypto-assets services or payment services established outside of the Union that are significantly frustrating the purpose of the prohibitions” against Russia.
Earlier, Cointelegraph reported that EU officials said they would prohibit Belarusian nationals and residents from owning, controlling, or managing crypto exchanges and digital asset service providers, aligning the approach with the EU’s Markets in Crypto Assets (MiCA) framework.
The sanctions on HTX were not limited to the EU. The UK government imposed similar measures in May, stating there were “reasonable grounds to suspect” HTX supported Russia’s government by using financial services and funds facilitated by sanctioned entities.
For market participants, the key tension is that Russia is tightening domestic regulation while many foreign-facing crypto service providers remain exposed to sanction risks and compliance constraints. That gap can shape where liquidity flows, which counterparties can operate with certain clients, and how banks and exchanges structure their services.
What to watch next: licensing mechanics and depository operations
Sberbank’s planned digital depository—alongside the broader Russia framework set for Sept. 1, 2026—puts the spotlight on implementation details. Readers should watch how the Bank of Russia operationalizes licensing requirements, how asset eligibility is defined under the liquidity thresholds, and whether bank-operated off-chain custody and transfer accounting becomes a model for other regulated intermediaries.
Outside Russia, the sanctions trajectory suggests that cross-border partnerships and access to international payment rails may remain a moving target for crypto businesses tied to the region.
Crypto World
Nobody Wants to Unstake Ethereum Anymore: Here’s Why It’s a Big Deal
It was less than a year ago when the Ethereum validator exit queue had stretched for 45 days as millions of tokens waited to be unlocked from staking.
Today, that queue has completely emptied out, while the number of ETH actually staked continues to grow to a new record.
No One Wants to Unstake ETH
Current data from ValidatorQueue shows that there are zero ETH waiting to be unstaked from the network. This means that if anyone decides to unstake their altcoin holdings, they can do so immediately, subject only to the protocol’s normal withdrawal process.
This is a significant turnaround from Q3 last year, when the exit queue had swelled to roughly 2.6 million coins. Validators were forced to wait up to 45 days before they could withdraw their holdings. At the time, Ethereum co-founder Vitalik Buterin defended the extensive period, arguing that it’s an important element of the network’s defense.
The narrative has completely flipped now. ValidatorQueue shows that over 2.5 million ETH is currently waiting to enter staking, translating into an estimated activation delay of nearly 44 days. Investors are willing to wait for a month and a half just to begin earning staking rewards on their ETH holdings.
This shifted imbalance suggests that investors are confident in Ethereum’s long-term outlook to remain strong despite the year-to-date price retracement. It also removes one of the most significant concerns from last year – that millions of staked ETH could suddenly flood exchanges if validators decide to cash out.

Record ETH Is Locked
The broader staking picture has also continued improving as the total number of active validators securing the network has neared 900,000. Almost 41 million ETH is currently staked, which is equivalent to roughly 33.6% of the entire circulating supply. This is the highest percentage in the network’s history, and it means that every one out of three ETH is locked in staking rather than sitting on exchanges or actively circulating.
Tom Lee’s Bitmine remains a leader in this field, having staked over 4.9 million tokens through its institutional platform MAVAN.
Although staked ETH is not permanently removed from supply, it is generally considered less liquid because validators must go through Ethereum’s withdrawal process before they receive access to those holdings.
However, Merlijn The Trader reported a rather intriguing and unexpected twist. The record amount of staked ETH comes even as staking rewards are down to 2.62% per year from 3.05% and issuance has increased from 0.757% to 0.842%.
The post Nobody Wants to Unstake Ethereum Anymore: Here’s Why It’s a Big Deal appeared first on CryptoPotato.
Crypto World
People Found Crypto Wallet Data in Claude Chats Indexed by Google
People shared private chats with Claude. Then strangers found those Claude chats indexed by Google, wallet details and all.
The chats also held access keys, CVs and company files. Anthropic, the company behind Claude, had not addressed the matter as of this writing.
Claude Chats Indexed by Google, Explained
A Reddit thread over the weekend showed the problem. One simple search brought up page after page of shared Claude chats.
People in the thread blamed a missing “noindex” tag. That tag tells Google to hide a page. The real cause looks different. Anthropic’s robots.txt file tells search engines to skip its share pages.
Here is the catch. Google will not open a blocked page. So it never sees the hide tag inside.
Picture a locked door with a note taped behind it. Nobody gets in. Nobody reads the note either.
Google can still show the web address. Other sites link to it, so Google knows it exists. Google just cannot see what sits on the page. Its own guide spells this out.
That fits the screenshots going round on X. Under each Claude link, Google said “No information is available for this page.” Bing showed a similar line.
So the chats never appeared in search previews. But anyone who spotted a link could click it and read the lot.
What the Share Button Really Does
Claude chats are private by default. That changes only when a user clicks Share.
Share builds a public web page. It holds every message sent up to that moment.
Two things stay out, according to Anthropic’s own help pages. Uploaded files are not included. Nor is raw data pulled in by connected tools.
Team and Enterprise accounts cannot share in public at all. This one lands on free, Pro and Max users.
Old links sit under Settings, Privacy, then Shared chats. Click Unshare to kill one.
Why Crypto Users Should Care
Developers flagged it, noting that wallet details and login credentials sat among the results, with some allegedly being able to read strangers’ chats through Brave Search.
For crypto, the stakes differ. A leaked password can be changed. A leaked private key cannot, as BeInCrypto has shown in past private key leak losses.
Small wallets are already the main target. Chainalysis counted 158,000 personal wallet hacks in 2025. Those hit 80,000 people and cost $713 million.
The 2022 figure was 54,000. None of it is tied to AI chats. It simply shows where thieves now spend their time.
More traders also connect AI to wallets to move funds and check code. Researchers have flagged tools that could expose wallet seed phrases as well.
One caution belongs here. Nobody has confirmed a seed phrase or a working key in the indexed chats. Nobody has reported stolen funds either.
Some developers pushed back too. Those pages were public by choice, they argued.
What Happens Next
The pages have gone from search. They have not gone away. Anyone with a saved link can still open the chat. Only the owner can stop that, by unsharing.
This has happened before. Google indexed just under 600 Claude chats in September 2025, as Forbes reported. OpenAI had dropped its own public sharing option a month earlier. It now faces a ChatGPT data sharing lawsuit.
A clean fix exists. Let Google open the share pages, then add the hide tag there.
Whether Anthropic does it will decide if this happens a third time.
The post People Found Crypto Wallet Data in Claude Chats Indexed by Google appeared first on BeInCrypto.
Crypto World
CFTC Issues Second Warning to Prediction Markets Over Template Self-Certs
The U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) has issued another warning to prediction market operators, urging them to ensure that contract “self-certifications” are detailed and product-specific when event contracts cover a wide range of outcomes.
In an advisory published Friday, the CFTC said that—despite ongoing policy discussions and proposed rulemaking for prediction markets—operators may still certify certain event contracts as compliant with the Commodity Exchange Act and applicable CFTC regulations under the existing self-certification framework, so long as they follow the statutory requirements.
Key takeaways
- The CFTC warned that platforms should not use broad, template-style self-certifications for events contracts that cover many permutations.
- According to the agency, “self-certified” submissions must include the terms and conditions for each proposed variation and a concise explanation of compliance for the product as structured.
- The latest advisory echoes a prior CFTC warning earlier this year about overly generalized filings.
- The guidance arrives shortly before the CFTC’s July 27 deadline for comments on proposed rule amendments tied to public interest determinations for certain event contracts.
Why the CFTC is pushing back on template certifications
The CFTC’s Friday notice focused on how operators describe and certify event contracts under the agency’s jurisdiction. The regulator highlighted concerns with the number of instances where platforms have “self-certified” event contracts without providing sufficient detail for each version of the product.
In particular, the CFTC criticized submissions that do not include, for each proposed permutation of the contract, the terms and conditions and a concise explanation and analysis addressing compliance with respect to the product’s terms, the underlying commodity, and the product’s regulatory compliance.
As the CFTC put it in its July 24 announcement, the guidance “reiterates that broad, template-style certifications should not be submitted.” The agency framed this as a compliance issue rather than a change to the underlying legal concept of self-certification.
A repeat warning earlier this year
This is the second time in 2026 that the CFTC has flagged the same type of problem. In March, the Commission issued an earlier warning about submissions that were “overly generalized,” again indicating that template-level descriptions are not adequate when contracts are structured to cover a broad range of event outcomes.
By issuing a follow-up advisory in July, the CFTC effectively signaled that its concerns are ongoing and that it expects operators to make practical adjustments to how they document certifications—especially for contracts with multiple permutations rather than a single, narrowly defined instrument.
The practical takeaway for platforms is straightforward: if an operator is certifying a wide slate of event outcomes under one certification approach, the filing must still be organized in a way that maps to each contract variation and explains how the design fits regulatory requirements.
Advisory timing ahead of public interest rulemaking
The advisory landed just days before the July 27 deadline for submitting comments on the CFTC’s proposed rule amendments related to public interest determinations for certain event contracts that fall under the Commodity Exchange Act’s enumerated activities.
While the Friday guidance largely addresses self-certification behavior, the timing matters because it underscores that multiple regulatory strands for prediction markets are moving at once: day-to-day product certification practices, and longer-term rules for determining when specific types of event contracts should be evaluated or restricted on public interest grounds.
The CFTC has proposed amendments that outline how it determines whether certain event contracts are contrary to the public interest. In the agency’s proposal, it would apply a three-step analytical framework to evaluate contracts, including those involving activities such as terrorism or assassination, as well as gaming-related considerations tied to the enumerated activities listed in the Commodity Exchange Act.
If those proposed amendments are adopted, the CFTC said they would reshape parts of the regulatory landscape for prediction markets by clarifying the evaluation method used for specific contract types. Legal analysis cited in the source notes that the proposal could represent a meaningful shift in how prediction markets are assessed from a public interest standpoint.
What operators and traders should watch next
For prediction market operators, the CFTC’s warning increases pressure to ensure certification workflows produce filings that are not only legally sufficient but also detailed enough to match each contract permutation and the underlying product structure. Investors and traders should watch for how platforms revise their certification documents—and whether the CFTC’s public interest rule amendments, due to be shaped by the July 27 comment process, later alter the types of event contracts that can be listed or how they are evaluated for regulatory compatibility.
Crypto World
10 Stocks Lost Over 40% in 2026 as Investors Dumped Everything AI Might Kill
The S&P 500 rose 8.28% this year. However, ten of its own stocks lost more than 40%.
Both things are true at once. Investors are paying almost anything for AI. They are dumping whatever they think AI will kill.
AI Fear Crushed Software and Consulting Stocks
The damage is concentrated. Software, consulting and advertising names fill the bottom of the Slickcharts list.
It started in February. Anthropic released a new AI model. Enterprise software stocks sold off hard. Traders called it the SaaS-pocalypse.
Intuit (INTU) is the clearest victim, down 55.27%. It owns TurboTax, which brings in about a quarter of company revenue and profit.
Then cheap AI tax tools arrived. Goldman Sachs analyst Gabriela Borges cut her price target in June to $276, down from $519.
Intuit moved fast. It cut 17% of staff, roughly 3,000 jobs. It also lowered its TurboTax forecast.
The company is now worth about $88 billion, Forbes reported. A year earlier it was worth more than $219 billion.
Accenture (ACN) tells a similar story, down 45.21%. Clients are spending on AI instead of consultants.
New client orders slipped to $19.3 billion from $19.7 billion. Accenture cut its sales growth forecast to between 3% and 4%. The stock fell almost 18% in one day.
Cognizant (CTSH), Gartner (IT) and The Trade Desk (TTD) each lost 44% to 55%. All three sell work that AI can copy.
But the Two Biggest Losers Had Nothing to do with AI
Here is the twist. The two worst stocks fell for old-fashioned reasons.
CoStar Group (CSGP) is down 58.86%, the weakest in the index. Its problem is spending, not AI.
CoStar owns Homes.com, a property listings site. In January it said the site will not cover its own costs until 2029. Profit is not expected until 2030.
The core business is fine. Revenue jumped 23% to $897 million last quarter. Profit was just $3 million.
Investors lost patience. In February, hedge fund D.E. Shaw told CoStar to quit or shrink Homes.com. It said the move could unlock more than $10 billion. CoStar called the campaign “activism malpractice.”
Shareholders backed the board in June. Nasdaq had already dropped the stock from its Nasdaq-100 index in May.
Boston Scientific (BSX) is down 53.59%. It simply grew slower than promised.
In February it expected sales to grow 10% to 11%. By April it cut that to between 6.5% and 8%.
A rival explains why. Medtronic said its heart device sales rose 124% in the United States. It took “an additional 8 points of U.S. share.”
Then bad news piled up. Boston Scientific recalled its Accolade pacemakers. Regulators tied the fault to four deaths and 2,557 serious injuries. It also agreed to buy Penumbra for $14.5 billion.
Where the Money Went Instead
Chip and memory makers took it. Sandisk (SNDK) is up 505.17% this year. Dell Technologies (DELL) rose 247.55%. Micron Technology (MU) gained 222.68%.
Small investors piled in too, feeding the AI capex boom through chip funds. A narrow group of winners now drives the whole index, as data on AI stocks driving gains shows.
Everything else got punished for any slip. Expensive stocks fell hardest when forecasts came down, a danger flagged in recent earnings bubble warnings.
CoStar and Boston Scientific both report results this week. Those numbers will show whether investors were right or just impatient.
The post 10 Stocks Lost Over 40% in 2026 as Investors Dumped Everything AI Might Kill appeared first on BeInCrypto.
Crypto World
2 weeks left for Clarity: State of Crypto
The crypto industry, naturally, is urging passage. The common refrain online is that Clarity includes some investor protection rules and creates some structure for crypto products, while not passing the bill would mean there are no investor protections.
If the bill is to pass the Senate before summer recess begins, the first thing to watch for is a motion to proceed on Monday or Tuesday. This kicks off the formal process. If the motion to proceed is filed by Wednesday, one individual following the process said, that would still give the Senate enough time to vote on the bill before August 7, the last day of the summer session.
If the motion to proceed ripens — meaning it’s been an hour into the second day after the motion is filed, according to the Congressional Institute, a not-for-profit organization — there can be a cloture vote, most likely on the amendment in the nature of a substitute (i.e. the new text of the bill). If that passes, there can be another cloture vote later on for the actual passage of the bill.
“Recess deadlines are powerful tools,” Kristin Smith, the president of the Solana Policy Institute, told CoinDesk.
On a practical note, what this most likely means is we’ll see the motion to proceed Monday or Tuesday, two industry sources told CoinDesk, with a possible vote late next week.
Crypto World
CFTC Warns Again as Prediction Markets Use Standardized Self-Certification
The US Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) has issued another warning to prediction market operators, urging them to follow its rules when certifying event contracts that cover a wide range of possible outcomes. The regulator said some platforms are submitting “self-certified” listings without providing the specific terms and compliance analysis required for each contract permutation.
In an advisory released on July 24 and published as part of a Friday notice, the CFTC reiterated that—despite ongoing policy discussions and proposed rulemaking—operators may still self-certify certain event contracts as compliant with the Commodity Exchange Act (CEA) and CFTC regulations, as long as they do so within the statutory self-certification framework.
Key takeaways
- The CFTC warned that broad, template-style self-certifications for event contracts are not acceptable for listings under its jurisdiction.
- Operators are expected to submit the terms and conditions for each proposed permutation, along with concise explanations tied to the product and the relevant commodity and compliance requirements.
- The advisory underscores the regulator’s view that generalized submissions have been a recurring issue, with a similar warning issued earlier this year.
- The latest move comes just before a public comment deadline tied to the CFTC’s proposed amendments on public interest determinations for certain event contracts.
Why the CFTC is pushing back on “self-certified” event contracts
According to the CFTC’s July 24 announcement, the agency has observed multiple instances where event contracts are being self-certified by platforms without supplying the full details the CFTC says it needs. Specifically, the regulator criticized submissions that do not include the terms and conditions of each proposed permutation, nor a concise explanation and analysis explaining how the product’s terms and conditions relate to compliance expectations.
The advisory frames this as a compliance execution problem rather than a blanket prohibition on prediction market products. The CFTC emphasized that operators can certify certain event contracts without seeking prior commission approval, but they must do so properly under the self-certification structure established by law and CFTC regulations.
In the regulator’s words, broad, template-style certifications should not be submitted. The CFTC’s concern is that generalized paperwork makes it harder to evaluate whether each individual contract listing complies with the CEA and applicable CFTC requirements—particularly when a contract covers a wide swath of events and permutations.
A warning issued twice in 2026
The July 24 advisory is not the first time the CFTC has flagged the issue this year. The agency referenced a similar warning on March 12, again targeting overly generalized submissions. By issuing the guidance for a second time, the CFTC is effectively signaling that it expects corrective action and that it views continued template-style filings as a repeated compliance failure.
For operators, this matters because self-certification is often treated as a faster path to listing products compared with seeking affirmative approval. If the CFTC continues to find that filings lack the required detail, platforms may face heightened regulatory scrutiny, which can translate into delays, requests for additional information, or more direct enforcement consequences—especially for contracts built around broad event categories.
Regulatory timeline: comments due before rule amendments
The advisory arrives shortly before the CFTC’s July 27 deadline for submitting comments on proposed rule amendments related to how the agency conducts public interest determinations for certain event contracts.
Those proposed amendments aim to clarify how the CFTC determines whether specific event contracts are contrary to the public interest under the CEA. The CFTC described the approach as a three-step analytical framework intended to evaluate contracts based on their involvement in certain enumerated activities—such as terrorism, assassination, or gaming—so that only appropriate contracts are listed for trading.
The proximity between the self-certification warning and the comment period is likely not accidental. For prediction market businesses, the next regulatory phase could change how contracts are assessed for public interest risks even if self-certification remains available in some circumstances. Operators will therefore need to reconcile two parallel expectations: submit sufficiently detailed self-certifications now, while also preparing for potential changes in the CFTC’s public interest evaluation standards later.
What changes for operators: from templates to permutation-specific filings
The practical thrust of the CFTC’s message is straightforward: when an event contract can take many forms—or when it is designed to cover numerous permutations—operators need documentation that matches that complexity. The CFTC’s criticism centered on certifications that do not provide, for each proposed permutation, the terms and conditions and a concise compliance explanation tailored to the product’s conditions, the underlying commodity, and applicable compliance considerations.
That means the template approach that may be common for scaled product development—where only a few parameters are varied across listings—could be viewed by the CFTC as insufficient when the certification is expected to demonstrate compliance for each unique configuration.
For market participants such as traders and liquidity providers, the filing quality issue may not directly change how contracts trade day-to-day, but it does affect listing stability and regulatory risk. If contract certifications are challenged, the availability of products could be disrupted, and participants may face sudden changes in trading access or contract availability.
Legal practitioners have also pointed to how the pending amendments could alter the regulatory landscape. Earlier coverage noted that law firm Ropes & Gray said the CFTC’s proposed changes could “rewrite the rulebook” for prediction market contracts, reflecting how significant the public interest determination framework could be if adopted.
What to watch next
With comments due July 27 on the proposed public interest determinations framework, prediction market operators should expect follow-on developments that could refine what the CFTC considers acceptable contract listings and how self-certification must be documented. The key question ahead is whether operators will update certification practices to avoid template-style submissions and how the CFTC will translate its three-step framework into enforceable guidance if the proposed amendments move forward.
Crypto World
South Korea’s Biggest Bank Taps JPMorgan Blockchain for Trade Payments
KB Kookmin Bank will launch a blockchain payment service for import and export companies in August.
The bank will initially process US dollar payments for those clients over JPMorgan’s Kinexys network. It announced the plan on July 26.
South Korean Bank Moves Dollar Trade Payments Onto JPMorgan Blockchain
Kinexys is JPMorgan’s blockchain unit, formerly known as Onyx. It runs institutional payments, tokenization, and digital asset settlement.
The platform has processed more than $4 trillion since its launch. Average daily transactions exceed $7 billion.
The service will initially support dollar remittances to 10 countries, including South Korea, according to local media reports. The list covers the US, Singapore, Saudi Arabia, India, Thailand, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, and South Africa. Korean branches and KB Kookmin’s Singapore office will offer the service.
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This comes just days after KB Kookmin was selected for a government-backed deposit token payment project. The Ministry of Science and ICT and the Korea Internet & Security Agency run the program.
Whether other Korean lenders adopt Kinexys will test how far tokenized deposits reach beyond JPMorgan’s clients.
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The post South Korea’s Biggest Bank Taps JPMorgan Blockchain for Trade Payments appeared first on BeInCrypto.
Crypto World
CFTC Warns Prediction Markets Over Vague Self-Certification
For the second time this year, the US Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) issued a warning to prediction markets operators to follow the rules when creating contract certifications that operators consider cover a broad swath of events contracts.
The CFTC, which claims to be the primary regulator of prediction markets, on Friday issued an advisory clarifying that, notwithstanding ongoing policy discussions and proposed rulemaking concerning prediction markets, the markets retain the ability to certify event contracts as compliant with the Commodity Exchange Act and CFTC regulations without prior commission approval, subject to the statutory framework governing self-certification.
The agency on Friday warned about the number of instances of events contracts that are “self-certified” by the platforms under the agency’s jurisdiction “without supplying the terms and conditions of each proposed permutation and a concise explanation and analysis with respect to the product’s terms and conditions, the underlying commodity, and the product’s compliance.”
“The guidance reiterates that broad, template-style certifications should not be submitted,” the CFTC said in its July 24 announcement. The regulator issued a similar warning about overly generalized submissions on March 12.
The advisory was issued just days ahead of the CFTC’s July 27 deadline to submit comments on its proposed rule amendments governing public interest determinations for certain event contracts involving the Commodity Exchange Act’s enumerated activities.
The CFTC has proposed amendments to clarify how it determines whether certain event contracts are contrary to the public interest, establishing a three-step analytical framework for evaluation.
This framework will help assess contracts based on their involvement in activities like terrorism, assassination, or gaming, ensuring that only appropriate contracts are listed for trading.
The proposed rule, if adopted, would fundamentally reshape aspects of the regulatory landscape for prediction markets, law firm Ropes & Gray said in June.
Crypto World
Tron TRX Ends 16% Slide With Two Bullish Signals
The crypto market has remained volatile throughout 2026 as investors continue debating when Bitcoin (BTC) will establish a durable bottom.
While broader market sentiment remains uncertain, some altcoins have shown resilience. Among them, TRON (TRX) is now flashing technical and on-chain signals that raise questions about its bottom.
TRX Price Action Steadies After a 16% Slide
According to 10x Research, TRX fell around 16% from its May high before finding support in late June. It now sits above both the 7-day and 30-day moving averages.
The firm reads both reclaims as bullish momentum signals. The altcoin has gained 2.2% over the past week and recovered 6% from its lows. Still, TRX remains 11% below its May peak.
The token trades near $0.33, about 23% under its record high of $0.4313.
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Stablecoin Activity and Treasury Buying Support the Bullish Case
Beyond the improving technical picture, growing institutional accumulation and strong network usage are reinforcing the positive outlook for TRX.
Nasdaq-listed Tron Inc. has continued expanding its treasury, purchasing another 150,742 TRX on Sunday at an average price of $0.3317. The acquisition lifted its holdings to more than 706.9 million TRX.
The Nasdaq-listed company purchases roughly $50,000 of TRX daily under a 360-day accumulation plan.
“We are executing a deliberate accumulation strategy that reflects our confidence in TRON’s scalability, real-world utility, and long-term value creation,” Rich Miller, CEO, Tron Inc., noted in a filing.
Network fundamentals also remain strong. According to a July CryptoQuant report, the TRON blockchain now hosts roughly $90 billion in circulating Tether (USDT). The network processes around $24 billion in daily transfer volume across approximately 2.2 million USDT transactions.
“This surging stablecoin demand reinforces the network’s position as a primary global settlement layer for retail payments,” 10x Research wrote.
Lower transaction costs have further strengthened network activity. Following last year’s gas fee reduction, average transaction fees have fallen 65% year over year to around $0.49.
While TRX remains below its May high, the combination of improving technical momentum, continued treasury accumulation, and strong stablecoin activity suggests downside pressure may be easing.
Whether the token has established a lasting bottom will likely depend on broader crypto market sentiment and Bitcoin’s next major move.
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The post Tron TRX Ends 16% Slide With Two Bullish Signals appeared first on BeInCrypto.
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