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Coinbase Publishes First Paper on Quantum Computing Position for Crypto

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Coinbase Publishes First Paper on Quantum Computing Position for Crypto

Coinbase’s Independent Advisory Board on Quantum Computing and Blockchain has published its first position paper, warning that the crypto industry must begin preparing for quantum threats now.

The board includes researchers from Stanford, UT Austin, the Ethereum Foundation, Eigen Labs, Bar-Ilan University, and UC Santa Barbara. Their assessment is direct. Digital assets are safe today, but a quantum computer capable of breaking blockchain cryptography will eventually be built.

What the Coinbase Paper Found

The paper identifies wallet-level cryptography as the primary vulnerability. Digital signatures that prove asset ownership could one day be broken by a sufficiently powerful quantum machine.

For Bitcoin (BTC), an estimated 6.9 million BTC sit in wallets where key information is publicly visible on-chain.

Bitcoin’s core infrastructure, including mining and hash functions, faces no meaningful quantum threat. However, proof-of-stake networks like Ethereum (ETH) carry additional exposure through validator signature schemes.

Ethereum has already published a dedicated post-quantum roadmap targeting Layer 1 upgrades.

“Your crypto is safe today. But a quantum computer capable of threatening blockchain cryptography will eventually be built, and the industry needs to start preparing now, not when it’s urgent,” Coinbase CSO Phillip Martin explained.

Migration Challenges Ahead

The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has already standardized several quantum-resistant cryptographic schemes.

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The building blocks for migration exist. However, new quantum-safe signatures are significantly larger than current ones, affecting transaction speed, costs, and storage.

Migrating millions of wallets across decentralized networks requires every user to take action. That coordination challenge surpasses anything traditional finance faces.

Solana (SOL), Algorand (ALGO), and Aptos (APT) have each begun offering or planning quantum-resistant options for users.

The paper also raises a difficult question for every blockchain community. Wallets that never upgrade, whether from lost keys, inactive holders, or abandoned accounts, will remain exposed.

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Each network will need to decide whether to freeze, revoke, or leave those assets vulnerable.

The board recommends those decisions be made and communicated publicly as soon as possible.

Coinbase says it is building flexible systems to adopt new cryptographic standards quickly and working with infrastructure partners on upgrade readiness.

The post Coinbase Publishes First Paper on Quantum Computing Position for Crypto appeared first on BeInCrypto.

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Stellar (XLM) gains 3.3% while index moves lower

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9am CoinDesk 20 Update for 2026-04-21: vertical

CoinDesk Indices presents its daily market update, highlighting the performance of leaders and laggards in the CoinDesk 20 Index.

The CoinDesk 20 is currently trading at 2101.48, down 0.2% (-4.06) since 4 p.m. ET on Monday.

Ten of 20 assets are trading higher.

9am CoinDesk 20 Update for 2026-04-21: vertical

Leaders: XLM (+3.3%) and AAVE (+1.9%).

Laggards: ETH (-0.9%) and APT (-0.6%).

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The CoinDesk 20 is a broad-based index traded on multiple platforms in several regions globally.

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Bipartisan PACE Act Targets Cheaper Payments for Fintechs and Crypto Firms

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Bipartisan PACE Act Targets Cheaper Payments for Fintechs and Crypto Firms

US Reps. Young Kim (R-CA) and Sam Liccardo (D-CA) introduced the bipartisan Payments Access and Consumer Efficiency (PACE) Act on Tuesday, proposing a federal framework that would give fintechs and crypto companies direct access to Federal Reserve payment rails.

The bill targets a longstanding bottleneck in US payments. Currently, only legacy banks can connect directly to the Fed’s clearing and settlement systems, charging nonbank providers markups of up to 100 times the Fed’s own per-item fee, according to the bill’s fact sheet.

What the PACE Act Would Change

Under the proposed law, qualified nonbank payment companies could register for an optional federal supervisory framework administered by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC).

Registered providers would gain access to Fedwire, FedNow, and FedACH.

The bill requires providers to maintain 1:1 reserves in safe, liquid assets and meet risk management and recordkeeping standards.

It also aligns with the “skinny master accounts” concept championed by Federal Reserve Governor Christopher Waller.

Crypto exchange Kraken became the first digital asset firm to receive such an account earlier in March.

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The measure arrives alongside other pro-crypto legislative efforts, including the GENIUS Act for stablecoins.

However, the PACE Act focuses narrowly on payment infrastructure rather than market structure or token classification.

“We can reduce the burden of bank fees borne by too many American families by enabling broader access to innovative payment systems that deliver cheaper, faster, more reliable service,” Eleanor Terrett reported, citing Rep. Sam Liccardo.

Industry Groups Rally Behind the Bill

The Blockchain Association, Crypto Council for Innovation, Financial Technology Association, and the Digital Chamber all endorsed the PACE Act.

Blockchain Association CEO Summer Mersinger called it an “important step forward,” noting that digital asset payment companies have long been “locked out” of financial infrastructure available to competitors.

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The bill now heads to committee, where traditional banking lobbies may push back against provisions that reduce their role as intermediaries in payments.

The post Bipartisan PACE Act Targets Cheaper Payments for Fintechs and Crypto Firms appeared first on BeInCrypto.

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Kalshi Ventures Into Cryptocurrency Derivatives With Perpetual Futures Trading

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Brian Armstrong's Bold Prediction: AI Agents Will Soon Dominate Global Financial

Key Highlights

  • Platform transitions from prediction markets to continuous crypto derivatives trading

  • Regulated perpetual futures set for April 27 rollout with USD collateral

  • Monthly trading volumes surpassed $1 billion mark in March 2025

  • Stablecoin collateral integration planned for Q2 following initial launch

  • Strategic positioning against established players like Coinbase and Binance

Kalshi is set to enter the cryptocurrency derivatives arena with a regulated perpetual futures offering scheduled for April 27. This strategic expansion represents a significant departure from the platform’s traditional event-driven contract model, introducing continuous trading instruments linked to digital asset valuations. The initiative enables Kalshi to directly challenge incumbent crypto exchanges while capitalizing on its compliant operational framework.

Platform Diversification Through Derivative Instruments

The upcoming launch introduces perpetual futures contracts that provide price exposure to cryptocurrencies without predetermined settlement dates. Unlike conventional event-based markets that conclude upon specific outcomes, these instruments facilitate ongoing position management. Consequently, this product evolution significantly enhances Kalshi’s trading infrastructure and market relevance.

These derivative contracts utilize funding rate mechanisms to synchronize contract valuations with underlying spot market prices continuously. This technical framework enables Kalshi to deliver stable pricing dynamics alongside adaptable trading parameters. Additionally, the perpetual structure accommodates extended investment horizons beyond what binary outcome markets traditionally provide.

Initial trading will utilize U.S. dollar denominated collateral requirements. Subsequently, Kalshi has outlined intentions to integrate stablecoin collateral options during the second quarter. This phased implementation strategy permits methodical expansion while adhering to regulatory compliance standards.

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Expanding Digital Asset Trading Momentum

Cryptocurrency-related trading activity on Kalshi has demonstrated substantial acceleration throughout recent periods. March 2025 marked a milestone achievement with monthly transaction volumes crossing the one billion dollar threshold initially. This performance trajectory validates considerable market appetite and reinforces the strategic rationale for derivatives expansion.

Perpetual futures contracts currently constitute the dominant segment of worldwide cryptocurrency trading volume, particularly across offshore exchange venues. Nevertheless, regulated access within United States markets remains constrained, presenting a strategic opening for Kalshi. The platform can effectively capture traders prioritizing compliant pathways to crypto derivative exposure.

Beyond digital currencies, the company envisions extending its perpetual futures framework into commodities and additional asset categories. This comprehensive development timeline reflects broader strategic ambitions consistent with multi-asset platform evolution. Through this approach, Kalshi reinforces its competitive positioning for sustained market participation.

Competitive Landscape And Sector Dynamics

This strategic expansion positions Kalshi in direct rivalry with major platforms including Coinbase Global and Binance. These established exchanges currently provide cryptocurrency trading services, encompassing derivative products across various regulatory jurisdictions. Kalshi’s distinguishing characteristic stems from its comprehensive U.S. regulatory oversight structure.

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The prediction markets sector has witnessed explosive expansion, with transactional activity achieving unprecedented benchmarks throughout 2026. This industry momentum reinforces Kalshi’s integrated approach merging prediction market infrastructure with perpetual futures execution. This hybrid architecture enables more effective liquidity aggregation and capital efficiency.

The platform has secured substantial capital backing, achieving multi-billion dollar valuation metrics. Industry intelligence indicates potential plans for a public market debut within an approximate two-year timeframe. These developments underscore Kalshi’s ongoing operational scaling efforts concurrent with strategic entry into additional financial product categories.

 

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No Talks Under Threats, Tehran Says

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Iran strikes Gulf energy network as oil surges past $110

Iran war news escalated Tuesday as parliament speaker Mohammad Bagher Ghalibaf stated publicly that Tehran will not accept negotiations under conditions it considers coercive, with the 10-day US-Iran ceasefire set to expire Wednesday and both sides sharpening rhetoric ahead of prospective talks in Islamabad.

Summary

  • Ghalibaf warned that Iran has spent the past two weeks preparing “new cards on the battlefield” and accused Trump of violating the ceasefire by maintaining the naval blockade and seeking Iran’s surrender.
  • Iran’s foreign ministry said it has no plans for a second round of negotiations, while IRIB cited Iranian sources confirming no decision has been made to participate in Islamabad talks.
  • Trump told CNBC he is “ready to go” back to war if no deal is reached and said he would not extend the ceasefire, while also saying he expects a “great deal” and that Iran has “no choice.”

Iran war news turned sharply negative Tuesday as Iranian officials delivered a unified message hours before the US negotiating team led by Vice President JD Vance was expected to arrive in Islamabad. Tehran’s position, as expressed through multiple official channels, is that it will not enter talks while the US naval blockade of its ports continues and while American officials publicly threaten expanded military strikes.

“We do not accept negotiations under the shadow of threats, and in the past two weeks, we have prepared to reveal new cards on the battlefield,” Ghalibaf wrote on X. He accused Trump of using the ceasefire period to seek Iran’s surrender rather than a genuine agreement, calling the US posture “warmongering.”

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Iran’s foreign ministry spokesperson Esmaeil Baqaei confirmed at a weekly press briefing that “as of now, we have no plans for the next round of negotiation, and no decision has been made in this regard.”

Why Tehran Is Holding Its Position

The core Iranian complaint is structural. The US imposed a naval blockade of Iranian ports on the same day the ceasefire was announced, treating it as a tool of coercion rather than a genuine pause in hostilities. Iran has maintained since Sunday that continuing participation in any talks depends on the US changing its behavior, specifically lifting the blockade and stopping what Tehran describes as ceasefire violations.

Iranian President Massoud Pezeshkian separately criticized US officials for sending “unconstructive and contradictory signals,” noting that Trump publicly claimed Iran had agreed to give up its enriched uranium stockpile while Iran denied this within hours of the claim. The gap between what each side says the other agreed to is itself a structural obstacle to building the trust necessary for second-round talks.

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The Hormuz Situation and What Happens at Midnight

The ceasefire expires Wednesday. The Strait of Hormuz, which Iran briefly reopened before closing again after the Touska cargo ship seizure, remains effectively closed to normal traffic. Iran sent drones toward US military ships after the Touska was boarded by US forces, signaling that its military posture remains active. The USS Gerald R. Ford carrier operates in the Mediterranean while the USS Abraham Lincoln is in the north Arabian Sea, with a third carrier group expected in the region by month’s end.

Trump told CNBC he is “ready to go” if talks fail and said he would not be rushed. He also said Iran has “no choice” but to negotiate. The contradiction between those statements and Iran’s stated refusal to talk under threat defines the standoff heading into the Wednesday deadline.

What This Means for Oil and Crypto Markets

The ceasefire hopes that lifted Bitcoin to $72,700 and pushed oil down 13% on April 8 are now at direct risk. A resumption of hostilities at midnight Wednesday would push Brent crude above $100 again and remove the macro tailwind that has supported crypto markets over the past two weeks. The oil price channel into inflation expectations, Fed rate policy, and risk asset positioning means that the outcome of Wednesday’s deadline is the single largest near-term variable for Bitcoin and the broader crypto market.

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One-Third of EU Investors May Switch Banks Due to Crypto Interest: Survey

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One-Third of EU Investors May Switch Banks Due to Crypto Interest: Survey

Cryptocurrency offerings are starting to influence how European investors are choosing their bank providers, but regulatory uncertainty continues to hinder mainstream adoption, according to a new survey.

A Börse Stuttgart Digital survey released Tuesday found that 35% of European investors would consider switching banks if another institution offered better cryptocurrency investment options, suggesting crypto is starting to influence how some customers choose financial providers.

Nearly one in five respondents said they expect their main bank to offer crypto access within the next three years, according to the survey, which covered about 6,000 investors in Germany, Italy, Spain and France. The findings suggest crypto is moving closer to the mainstream banking relationship, at least among investors already open to digital assets.

Still, regulations and a lack of education remain the biggest hurdles to adoption, with 76% seeing crypto assets as insufficiently regulated, while over 60% feel poorly informed about digital assets.

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MiCA increased trust in digital assets for nearly half of European investors

European Union regulation appears to be helping on that front. The EU’s Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA) went into full effect for crypto asset service providers on Dec. 30, 2024.

Nearly half of the surveyed investors said that the MiCA framework increased their trust in digital assets, making them “safer and more attractive.”

“Trust and clear regulation are essential for the next phase of crypto adoption in Europe. With MiCAR bringing transparency and legal certainty, investors gain the clarity they expect,” said Matthias Voelkel, the CEO of Börse Stuttgart Group.

The results land as traditional financial institutions across Europe keep inching deeper into crypto. Börse Stuttgart Digital said in January 2025 that it had become the first German provider of crypto asset services to receive an EU-wide MiCA license through its custody subsidiary, positioning itself as a regulated infrastructure provider for banks, brokers and asset managers.

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Related: Deutsche Börse invests $200 million in Kraken parent Payward

Spain leads European crypto adoption

Among the surveyed countries, Spain showed the highest crypto adoption rate with nearly 28% of investors already owning digital assets. Germany was second with 25%, Italy followed with 24% and France with 23%.

Of the respondents, 25% said they had already invested in crypto, and 36% said they are likely to invest again within the next five years, showing “sustained interest despite market volatility,” according to the report.

Top countries within the wider European region by total value received, July 2024 – June 2025. Source: Chainalysis

According to a Chainalysis report published in October 2025, Russia had the largest crypto market in Europe with $376 billion of value received between July 2024 and June 2025, trailed by the United Kingdom with $273 billion and Germany with $219 billion.

Magazine: Will the CLARITY Act be good — or bad — for DeFi?

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