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Revolutionising AI Application Development with Language Models

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Revolutionising AI Application Development with Language Models

by Gonzalo Wangüemert Villalba

4 September 2025

Introduction The open-source AI ecosystem reached a turning point in August 2025 when Elon Musk’s company xAI released Grok 2.5 and, almost simultaneously, OpenAI launched two new models under the names GPT-OSS-20B and GPT-OSS-120B. While both announcements signalled a commitment to transparency and broader accessibility, the details of these releases highlight strikingly different approaches to what open AI should mean. This article explores the architecture, accessibility, performance benchmarks, regulatory compliance and wider industry impact of these three models. The aim is to clarify whether xAI’s Grok or OpenAI’s GPT-OSS family currently offers more value for developers, businesses and regulators in Europe and beyond. What Was Released Grok 2.5, described by xAI as a 270 billion parameter model, was made available through the release of its weights and tokenizer. These files amount to roughly half a terabyte and were published on Hugging Face. Yet the release lacks critical elements such as training code, detailed architectural notes or dataset documentation. Most importantly, Grok 2.5 comes with a bespoke licence drafted by xAI that has not yet been clearly scrutinised by legal or open-source communities. Analysts have noted that its terms could be revocable or carry restrictions that prevent the model from being considered genuinely open source. Elon Musk promised on social media that Grok 3 would be published in the same manner within six months, suggesting this is just the beginning of a broader strategy by xAI to join the open-source race. By contrast, OpenAI unveiled GPT-OSS-20B and GPT-OSS-120B on 5 August 2025 with a far more comprehensive package. The models were released under the widely recognised Apache 2.0 licence, which is permissive, business-friendly and in line with requirements of the European Union’s AI Act. OpenAI did not only share the weights but also architectural details, training methodology, evaluation benchmarks, code samples and usage guidelines. This represents one of the most transparent releases ever made by the company, which historically faced criticism for keeping its frontier models proprietary. Architectural Approach The architectural differences between these models reveal much about their intended use. Grok 2.5 is a dense transformer with all 270 billion parameters engaged in computation. Without detailed documentation, it is unclear how efficiently it handles scaling or what kinds of attention mechanisms are employed. Meanwhile, GPT-OSS-20B and GPT-OSS-120B make use of a Mixture-of-Experts design. In practice this means that although the models contain 21 and 117 billion parameters respectively, only a small subset of those parameters are activated for each token. GPT-OSS-20B activates 3.6 billion and GPT-OSS-120B activates just over 5 billion. This architecture leads to far greater efficiency, allowing the smaller of the two to run comfortably on devices with only 16 gigabytes of memory, including Snapdragon laptops and consumer-grade graphics cards. The larger model requires 80 gigabytes of GPU memory, placing it in the range of high-end professional hardware, yet still far more efficient than a dense model of similar size. This is a deliberate choice by OpenAI to ensure that open-weight models are not only theoretically available but practically usable. Documentation and Transparency The difference in documentation further separates the two releases. OpenAI’s GPT-OSS models include explanations of their sparse attention layers, grouped multi-query attention, and support for extended context lengths up to 128,000 tokens. These details allow independent researchers to understand, test and even modify the architecture. By contrast, Grok 2.5 offers little more than its weight files and tokenizer, making it effectively a black box. From a developer’s perspective this is crucial: having access to weights without knowing how the system was trained or structured limits reproducibility and hinders adaptation. Transparency also affects regulatory compliance and community trust, making OpenAI’s approach significantly more robust. Performance and Benchmarks Benchmark performance is another area where GPT-OSS models shine. According to OpenAI’s technical documentation and independent testing, GPT-OSS-120B rivals or exceeds the reasoning ability of the company’s o4-mini model, while GPT-OSS-20B achieves parity with the o3-mini. On benchmarks such as MMLU, Codeforces, HealthBench and the AIME mathematics tests from 2024 and 2025, the models perform strongly, especially considering their efficient architecture. GPT-OSS-20B in particular impressed researchers by outperforming much larger competitors such as Qwen3-32B on certain coding and reasoning tasks, despite using less energy and memory. Academic studies published on arXiv in August 2025 highlighted that the model achieved nearly 32 per cent higher throughput and more than 25 per cent lower energy consumption per 1,000 tokens than rival models. Interestingly, one paper noted that GPT-OSS-20B outperformed its larger sibling GPT-OSS-120B on some human evaluation benchmarks, suggesting that sparse scaling does not always correlate linearly with capability. In terms of safety and robustness, the GPT-OSS models again appear carefully designed. They perform comparably to o4-mini on jailbreak resistance and bias testing, though they display higher hallucination rates in simple factual question-answering tasks. This transparency allows researchers to target weaknesses directly, which is part of the value of an open-weight release. Grok 2.5, however, lacks publicly available benchmarks altogether. Without independent testing, its actual capabilities remain uncertain, leaving the community with only Musk’s promotional statements to go by. Regulatory Compliance Regulatory compliance is a particularly important issue for organisations in Europe under the EU AI Act. The legislation requires general-purpose AI models to be released under genuinely open licences, accompanied by detailed technical documentation, information on training and testing datasets, and usage reporting. For models that exceed systemic risk thresholds, such as those trained with more than 10²⁵ floating point operations, further obligations apply, including risk assessment and registration. Grok 2.5, by virtue of its vague licence and lack of documentation, appears non-compliant on several counts. Unless xAI publishes more details or adapts its licensing, European businesses may find it difficult or legally risky to adopt Grok in their workflows. GPT-OSS-20B and 120B, by contrast, seem carefully aligned with the requirements of the AI Act. Their Apache 2.0 licence is recognised under the Act, their documentation meets transparency demands, and OpenAI has signalled a commitment to provide usage reporting. From a regulatory standpoint, OpenAI’s releases are safer bets for integration within the UK and EU. Community Reception The reception from the AI community reflects these differences. Developers welcomed OpenAI’s move as a long-awaited recognition of the open-source movement, especially after years of criticism that the company had become overly protective of its models. Some users, however, expressed frustration with the mixture-of-experts design, reporting that it can lead to repetitive tool-calling behaviours and less engaging conversational output. Yet most acknowledged that for tasks requiring structured reasoning, coding or mathematical precision, the GPT-OSS family performs exceptionally well. Grok 2.5’s release was greeted with more scepticism. While some praised Musk for at least releasing weights, others argued that without a proper licence or documentation it was little more than a symbolic gesture designed to signal openness while avoiding true transparency. Strategic Implications The strategic motivations behind these releases are also worth considering. For xAI, releasing Grok 2.5 may be less about immediate usability and more about positioning in the competitive AI landscape, particularly against Chinese developers and American rivals. For OpenAI, the move appears to be a balancing act: maintaining leadership in proprietary frontier models like GPT-5 while offering credible open-weight alternatives that address regulatory scrutiny and community pressure. This dual strategy could prove effective, enabling the company to dominate both commercial and open-source markets. Conclusion Ultimately, the comparison between Grok 2.5 and GPT-OSS-20B and 120B is not merely technical but philosophical. xAI’s release demonstrates a willingness to participate in the open-source movement but stops short of true openness. OpenAI, on the other hand, has set a new standard for what open-weight releases should look like in 2025: efficient architectures, extensive documentation, clear licensing, strong benchmark performance and regulatory compliance. For European businesses and policymakers evaluating open-source AI options, GPT-OSS currently represents the more practical, compliant and capable choice.  In conclusion, while both xAI and OpenAI contributed to the momentum of open-source AI in August 2025, the details reveal that not all openness is created equal. Grok 2.5 stands as an important symbolic release, but OpenAI’s GPT-OSS family sets the benchmark for practical usability, compliance with the EU AI Act, and genuine transparency.

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Where Is The Best Place To Turn $500 Into $5,000? Remittix Rewards Presale Investors With 300% Bonus

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Where Is The Best Place To Turn $500 Into $5,000? Remittix Rewards Presale Investors With 300% Bonus

As investors search for high-upside opportunities in a cautious crypto market, Remittix is drawing serious attention. The PayFi-focused project has already raised over $28.9 million, launched a live wallet and is now offering a limited 300% bonus to presale participants.

With real product traction and tightening supply, Remittix is increasingly viewed as a rare early-stage setup with asymmetric potential.

Why Remittix Is Drawing Capital Right Now

Remittix is not competing on hype. It is competing on usefulness. The project is building a full PayFi ecosystem that allows users to convert crypto into fiat and send funds directly to bank accounts worldwide. No delays. No hidden charges. No complex steps.

This focus on everyday payments is resonating with both retail investors and businesses. Remittix solves that problem directly.

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Momentum is already visible. Over 701 million tokens have been sold and the token price has climbed steadily to $0.123. The Remittix Wallet is live on the App Store. This will give users hands-on access to the ecosystem before the core crypto-to-fiat feature launches on February 9th 2026.

Security and credibility also matter in this stage of the market. Remittix has been fully verified by CertiK, with audited smart contracts and a public development roadmap. Exchange exposure is lining up as well, with BitMart confirmed and LBank announced.

These factors explain why many analysts now describe Remittix as a best crypto to buy now for investors seeking real utility rather than narrative-driven speculation. With the presale entering its final stretch, some are already framing RTX as a top crypto under $1 that still offers early-entry dynamics.

The 300% Bonus Is Driving Urgency

The strongest short-term catalyst is the limited 300% bonus, available for just 72 hours. This incentive dramatically increases token allocation for early participants and has accelerated inflows across the presale.

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Combined with a referral program that rewards community growth, the structure favors fast movers rather than passive observers.

What presale investors are getting right now

  • A time-limited 300% bonus that multiplies initial token allocation
  • A 15% referral reward paid in USDT and claimable every 24 hours
  • Confirmed centralized exchange listings starting with BitMart
  • A live wallet product with crypto-to-fiat functionality launching next

This combination is why some investors believe Remittix offers one of the clearest risk-reward profiles currently available. Turning $500 into $5,000 is never guaranteed. However, bonus mechanics, fixed supply and early-stage pricing significantly shift the math.

At $0.123, RTX still sits firmly in top crypto under $1 territory. With supply tightening and bonuses expiring, many see this window as unusually short. That urgency is also why Remittix keeps appearing in conversations around the best crypto presale opportunities this cycle.

A Long-Term PayFi Thesis With Short-Term Catalysts

Beyond bonuses, Remittix is structured for durability. The project targets the global payments market. This is a market estimated in the tens of trillions annually. That means that even modest adoption translates into sustained demand for the RTX token.

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Unlike meme-driven assets, Remittix benefits from usage. Every transfer, every settlement and every business integration reinforces the network. That is why some analysts are already labeling it a best new altcoin candidate with staying power beyond launch.

Upcoming exchange listings are expected to enhance both liquidity and market visibility. The wallet rollout reduces onboarding friction for new users, while the planned February 2026 crypto-to-fiat launch completes the PayFi loop. Together, these milestones are advancing at a rapid pace.

From an investment perspective, this mix of near-term incentives and long-term utility is rare. It is also why Remittix is increasingly compared to earlier breakout projects that combined real-world relevance with early-stage pricing. Some market watchers even position RTX as a next big altcoin 2026 contender if execution continues as planned.

The referral program adds another layer of momentum, encouraging organic growth rather than paid hype. Community-driven expansion has historically supported stronger post-launch price stability.

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For investors scanning the market for the best crypto to buy now, Remittix ticks multiple boxes at once. It pairs a best crypto presale structure with tangible delivery, clear timelines and shrinking availability. With the 300% bonus clock running down and tokens moving quickly, the question for many is not whether Remittix will launch, but how much of the early allocation will still be available when the window closes.

That same calculus is why some are already treating RTX as a potential next big altcoin 2026 story in the making, rather than just another short-lived presale.

Discover the future of PayFi with Remittix by checking out their project here:

Website: https://remittix.io/

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Socials: https://linktr.ee/remittix


Disclaimer: This is a Press Release provided by a third party who is responsible for the content. Please conduct your own research before taking any action based on the content.

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Is Hyperliquid Losing Ground? On-Chain Data Highlights Rising HFDX Adoption

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Some parts of the crypto world think Hyperliquid might be slowing down. That talk comes as new numbers show traders and capital flow shifting toward new DeFi projects like HFDX. On-chain data shows trading patterns and volume trends that hint at real changes in where users spend their time and capital.

Meanwhile crypto prices, news, and expert views shape how people see these projects today. In this piece, we look at Hyperliquid’s recent situation and then contrast it with what HFDX is doing. The goal is to give you a clear snapshot of the current state of play.

Hyperliquid: On-Chain Data, Price Moves and What Experts Say

Hyperliquid’s native token HYPE has had a mixed run lately. Some reports show that HYPE had strong periods of trading and network activity in 2025. At times, its prices climbed after large on-chain liquidity and network upgrades that lowered fees and drew traders to its perpetual markets. On-chain figures show huge trading volumes and growing open interest, which helped push HYPE toward past price highs.

But recent market chatter suggests pressure on the token. Some news points to price slides or sideways trading around current levels, even though earlier in late 2025 it rallied thanks to on-chain liquidity innovations.

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Analysts and price prediction models still talk about potential upside for HYPE into future years. Some long-term price outlooks suggest that if adoption and volume remain strong, HYPE could trade significantly higher in the medium term.

Still, not all views are upbeat. Some experts say the market overall remains weak, and the hype around early growth may fade as users look for fresh opportunities. The idea that Hyperliquid is losing ground is tied to how traders react to alternatives and look for new ways to manage capital and risk.

HFDX: On-Chain Futures and Structured Yield Momentum

HFDX is a newer protocol that offers non-custodial perpetual futures trading along with structured yield frameworks based on real protocol revenue. It targets active traders and investors who want precise tools without giving up control of their assets. HFDX runs entirely on-chain, and all actions, whether trades or liquidity participation, happen in smart contracts.

On-chain data shows some traders migrating from legacy decentralized exchanges to HFDX because of its risk-managed liquidity strategies and transparent fee structure. Reports that Bitcoin perpetual traders have been splitting volume between Hyperliquid and HFDX point to a real shift in user priorities. HFDX’s structured approach draws those who want returns tied to actual trading revenue and borrowing fees rather than just speculation.

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HFDX’s technical design mixes deep liquidity with risk controls that appeal to DeFi-native users. The liquidity loan note (LLN) strategies let participants put capital into protocol liquidity and receive fixed rates that reflect real activity. This model may attract users seeking a different balance of risk and return.

What HFDX offers:

  • On-chain perpetual futures with full user custody
  • Trades that clear against shared liquidity pools
  • Pricing based on decentralized oracle feeds
  • Liquidity Loan Note strategies with fixed terms
  • Yield tied to trading fees and borrow costs
  • Smart contracts that manage risk rules on-chain

Experts Note A Shifting Landscape

In the short term, Hyperliquid still holds significant on-chain volume and active user counts. Its upgrades and network features helped it achieve strong adoption in earlier phases, and experts continue to discuss its price prospects. Still, recent market signals and trader behavior hints that some of its user base is looking elsewhere.

HFDX’s rise does not mean Hyperliquid is done. It just shows the market is evolving. Traders now split capital, test new products, and choose platforms based on what fits their goals. HFDX’s structured yield options and transparent execution are part of that shift. The next few months will be critical for both protocols as price trends, on-chain metrics, and user choices play out in real time.

Make Your Money Work Smarter And Unlock A Wealth Of Opportunities With HFDX Today!

Website: https://hfdx.xyz/ 

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Telegram: https://t.me/HFDXTrading 

X: https://x.com/HfdxProtocol 


Disclaimer: This is a Press Release provided by a third party who is responsible for the content. Please conduct your own research before taking any action based on the content.

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Pudgy Penguins, Known For NFT Toys, Dives Deeper Into Soccer

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Pudgy Penguins, a globally recognized non-fungible token brand known for creating NFT-inspired toys, has expanded into soccer through significant NFT partnerships with two leading football clubs. Pudgy Penguins NFT team, which partnered with Spain’s soccer club CD Castellón last year, has now partnered with England’s Premier League soccer club Manchester City. In this article, we shall explore this expansion journey further.

Pudgy Penguins’ Journey From Toys To Soccer

Over the weekend, the Pudgy Penguins team, via its official X account, confirmed that it has dived deeper into the world of soccer. Launched in July 2021, the Pudgy Penguins is a digital asset incubation studio known for creating Pudgy Penguins, a globally recognized non-fungible token collection featuring a fixed set of 8,888 unique digital penguin characters on the Ethereum blockchain network.

Pudgy Penguins is also the brainchild behind Lil Pudgy, a non-fungible token series that features a fixed supply of 22,222 smaller NFTs hosted on the Ethereum blockchain network, Pudgy Rod, a companion collection of fishing rod NFTs that were airdropped to original holders in 2021 and are now used as multipliers in the ecosystem and soulbound tokens, a non-transferable tokens such as ‘Opensea x Penguins SBTs’ launched to recognize community engagement, loyalty, and licensing participation.

Pudgy Penguins entered the physical retail space in May 2023 with the release of its first line of toys. Initially launched online through Amazon, the collection sold over 20,000 units in its first 48 hours and generated more than $500,000 USD in sales. This was clear evidence of a strong demand beyond the NFT community. Later that year, the toys were stocked in more than 2,000 Walmart stores across the U.S., and within 12 months of launching, over 1 million plushies had been sold worldwide. These plushies are now available in the United States, Europe, Asia, and Hong Kong.

Pudgy Penguins Dives Deeper Into Soccer

Pudgy Penguins NFT team partnered with the Spanish soccer club CD Castellón in January 2025 to feature their characters on the team’s official jerseys and shorts. As part of the collaboration, an open edition NFT was released, and some holders of that NFT were eligible to be featured in some way related to the partnership. Pudgy Penguins and Lil Pudgys characters appeared directly on CD Castellón’s jerseys.

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In the latest news, the Pudgy Penguins NFT team has announced a “landmark partnership” with English Premier League champions Manchester City to launch a premium co-branded NFT line targeted at an adult audience. This move is considered one of the highest-profile crossovers between a web3-native brand and a global sports giant, aimed at bringing the Pudgy Penguins intellectual property to a massive, mainstream audience. The merchandise drop was scheduled for January 17, 2026.

These ventures are part of the Pudgy Penguins’ broader strategy to evolve beyond their digital origins and toy lines into a mainstream, global intellectual property (IP) through real-world utility and high-profile brand building, bridging the gap between digital assets and traditional markets. This integration will provide tangible ways for NFT holders to feel part of the brand’s journey, reinforcing holder identity and community.

Related NFT News:

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XRP Risks Another 23% Drop as Price Slides Below $1.60

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XRP Risks Another 23% Drop as Price Slides Below $1.60

XRP (XRP) price dropped below $1.50 over the weekend, its lowest level in over 14 months. Now, a bearish technical setup on the charts suggests that the downtrend may extend throughout February.

Key takeaways:

  • XRP’s bear pennant on the four-hour chart targets $1.22.

  • XRP futures open interest dropped to $2.61 billion, which gives some hope for the bulls.

XRP/USD daily chart. Source: Cointelegraph/TradingView

XRP price chart shows a textbook bear pennant

On Saturday, XRP price fell about 14% from a high of $1.75 to a low of $1.50, losing the $1.60 support level for the first time since November 2024. 

The latest drop has put it into the breakdown phase of its bear pennant setup, as shown on the four-hour chart below.

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Related: Price predictions 1/30: BTC, ETH, BNB, XRP, SOL, DOGE, ADA, BCH, HYPE, XMR

XRP dropped below the pennant’s lower trendline on Tuesday, then rebounded to retest it as support. The price is likely to drop lower if the retest fails and a four-hour candlestick closes below this level at $1.58.

The measured target of the bear pennant, calculated by adding the height of the initial drop to the breakout point, is $1.22, representing a 23% drop from the current price.

XRP/USD four-hour chart. Source: Cointelegraph/TradingView

XRP’s recovery to $2.40 in January turned out to be a “fakeout” as the price continued to form “price formed a fresh lower lows,” pseudonymous analyst AltCryptoGems said in a recent post on X, adding:

“The downtrend remains intact and we are on the verge of a disastrous collapse in a huge no-support zone.”

XRP/USD daily chart. Source: AltCryptoGems

Trader and investor Alex Clay said that after breaching the support line of a double bottom pattern at $1.60, the path is now cleared for a drop toward $1 or lower.

Cryptocurrencies, XRP, Markets, Price Analysis, Market Analysis, Altcoin Watch
Source: X/Alex Clay

As Cointelegraph reported, XRP’s next major support level is near its aggregated realized price at $1.48. If this level is lost, it would put the average holder underwater, a setup that closely matches the 2022 bear phase that ultimately ended in a 50% drawdown toward $0.30.

XRP buyers step back

The 90-day Spot Taker Cumulative Volume Delta (CVD), a metric that tracks whether market orders are driven by buyers or sellers, reveals that buy-orders (taker buy) have been declining sharply since early January.

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While demand-side pressure has dominated the order book since November 2025, buy orders have dropped sharply over the last 30 days, according to CryptoQuant.

This indicates waning enthusiasm or exhaustion among XRP investors, signaling reduced bullish momentum and increasing downside risk for the price. 

Previous sharp drops in spot CVD have been accompanied by 28%-50% price drawdowns within weeks.

XRP spot taker CVD. Source: CryptoQuant

However, in the current downtrend, one hope for the bulls is the declining XRP futures open interest (OI). It has dropped sharply to $2.61 billion on Wednesday, from $4.55 billion on Jan. 6. 

When OI declines in combination with falling prices, it indicates a weakening bearish trend or a potential trend reversal.

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This could provide some fuel for the bulls to test the important overhead resistance at around $1.85, a level that served as support throughout most of 2025.

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XRP Open Interest. Source: CoinGlass