Connect with us
DAPA Banner

Business

Navigating Thailand’s Power Generation Transition While Balancing the Energy Trilemma

Published

on

Navigating Thailand's Power Generation Transition While Balancing the Energy Trilemma

“Promoting a low-carbon society by announcing that Thailand will achieve the goal of net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 (2050) to cope with international trade and climate change by promoting and supporting the use of clean energy such as solar energy in communities and government agencies, the use of electric vehicles and public transportation, as well as increasing energy efficiency, especially in the industrial sector.” The Prime Minister delivers the Cabinet’s Policy Statement (September 29, 2025 at the National Assembly)

The Government’s policy statement reflects the government’s commitment to support and promote the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.The power generation sector will be pivotal in helping Thailand achieve its Net Zero 2050 goals, as electricity production is projected to become the country’s largest source of greenhouse gas emissions by 2024, contributing 38% of the total emissions. This article explores the ways in which the power generation sector can achieve its goals. Net zero 2050 without breaking the “energy trilemma” or energy balance triangle.

What is energy trilemma? Why do you care?

The energy trilemma is a conceptual framework for energy policy design that is used by energy policymakers around the world. The design of energy policies must maintain a balance between 1) sustainability, 2) energy security, and 3) affordability. For example, if policymakers are primarily focused on achieving sustainability or security goals. Without taking into account the cost impact, it may increase energy prices and negatively affect electricity users in both the household and industrial sectors. In Thailand, this concept has been applied and measured as the Energy Trilemma Index (ETI).

According to the data on Thailand’s Energy Balance Index for the period 2016-2024, which is between 0 (the lowest balance index) and 5 (the largest balance index), the Environmental Sustainability Index is likely to increase from 3.17 in 2016 to 3.76 in 2024 due to the continuous higher proportion of renewable energy and renewable energy from the past. Energy security is likely to stabilize from 3.73 in 2016 to 3.76 in 2024 due to the high level of electricity access by the people nationwide and the high amount of electricity reserves. In terms of affordable prices, the index has decreased considerably from 3.46 in 2016 to 2.79 in 2024 due to the increase in electricity costs in Thailand due to the recent increase in natural gas prices. This is coupled with the high cost of electricity from the ready payment (money paid to power plants even if there is no electricity generation) for power plants to ensure the stability of the power system, as well as the payment of subsidies to renewable energy producers to promote sustainability and increase the proportion of renewable energy. Therefore, it can be seen that focusing on the implementation of policies in one dimension will also have an impact on other dimensions in the energy trilemma, for example, accelerating the transition to clean energy may help increase sustainability, but if there are no supporting measures, it may affect the cost of electricity (affordability) and affect the stability of the electricity system that must be managed by the volatility of renewable energy (Security). In order to ensure that the country’s energy transition is balanced and does not create a burden on all sectors in the country according to the framework of the energy trilemma.

Advertisement

Environmental Sustainability: Renewable Energy is the Answer

Energy Security: Technology and Distribution of Energy Sources An aid that meets the needs of securityIncreasing electricity from renewable energy is an important approach to help meet the needs of environmental sustainability. For example, generating electricity from natural gas that emits about 0.48 tonnes of CO2 per megawatt hour (t-CO2e/MWh) and from coal that emits up to 0.90 tonnes of CO2 per megawatt hour (t-CO2e/MWh) is different from electricity generation from renewable and nuclear power (SMR) with zero greenhouse gas emissions. Promoting new renewable and clean energy projects such as nuclear power plants (SMRs) is essential to help the power generation sector reduce greenhouse gases to zero. This is reflected in the draft Electricity Generation Target Plan to Achieve Net Zero by 2050 prepared by the Department of Climate Change and Environment and the Research Unit on Sustainable Energy and Built Environment at Thammasat University. Renewable energy is expected to increase from 23% (54 TWh) in 2025 to 58% (327 TWh) in 2050, and in the period 2030-2050, new clean energy technologies will contribute more to electricity generation, such as hydrogen fuel and nuclear power (SMR), with electricity from nuclear and hydrogen energy accounting for 6% (16 TWh) in 2030 and increasing to 16% (87 TWh) in 2050. In Figure 2, the proportion of electricity from natural gas and coal is declining, with electricity from natural gas decreasing from 58% (136 TWh) in 2024 to 26% (146 TWh) in 2050, while coal-fired electricity will decrease from 19% (45 TWh) in 2024 to zero in 2050. Evaluation of cost-effectiveness and production costs, including impact studies on communities and the environment.

Electricity generation from renewable energy will help meet the needs of environmental sustainability, but there are limitations that reduce the stability of transmission lines and power grids. Fluctuations in electricity quality from renewable energy that depend on weather and seasonality. For example, solar energy can only generate electricity during daylight hours or about 5-6 hours a day, and can only produce electricity at peak efficiency during periods of high solar intensity. If there are clouds that obscure the sun, such as the rainy season with a lot of clouds, it will reduce the efficiency of solar power generation. Because natural gas and coal can be stored and reserved to generate electricity 24 hours a day, the electricity obtained is of good quality from the production process that can be controlled to ensure the stability of electricity. However, with today’s advanced technology, SCB EIC found that there are at least three types of technologies that can help solve the problem of grid instability caused by renewable energy generation. As follows:

1) Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) technology: This technology helps to store electricity from renewable energy produced at different times so that it can be used throughout the day or during times of high electricity demand. For example, in many countries that use BESS to increase electricity security, such as the Waratah Super Battery project in Australia that installed up to 700 MW of BESS to increase the stability of the power grid by increasing electricity from renewable energy instead of decommissioning coal-fired power plants in New South Wales, and the Henan grid-side project in China that uses BESS for backup power during peak load times and emergency response, etc. In Thailand, BESS has already been applied to work in tandem with electricity generation from solar farms, such as the Solar + BESS project with a power sale agreement of 121 MW of GULF Group companies that have started generating electricity and selling it to ELECTRIC in 2025.

2) Smart grid technology that will work with renewable energy and battery power plants to increase “electrical stability”, especially in regional electricity consumption or areas remote from the main power grid. For example, in Australia. It is the country with the most smart grid installations in the world, both experimentally and commercially, such as the Western Downs + Broken Hill project with a total capacity of more than 320 MW. In order to strengthen the stability of the power grid by increasing electricity from solar farms in Queensland, etc.

Advertisement

3) Demand Response (DR) technology will help to visualize the overall picture of electricity demand and electricity production in various sources (Supply), from large-scale power plants down to household electricity generation from solar rooftops, so that they can participate in electricity generation to meet demand. For example, the DR installation project in 45 states in the U.S. provides real-time electricity demand awareness, allowing the government to manage electricity production and distribution to meet demand and reduce energy losses in the grid.

Increasing the proportion of electricity generation from renewable energy must be done in parallel with diversifying energy sources. This is to reduce the risk in the event that electricity generation from renewable energy is problematic and reduce the risk of the country’s supply and import of fossil fuels. For example:

  • Sourcing fuel from a variety of producers and procurement plans to reduce the risk of energy imports, such as: Providing natural gas from multiple suppliers and increasing domestic natural gas production will reduce the risk of fluctuating natural gas import prices and affect the cost of electricity generation.
  • Develop a Small Modular Reactor (SMR) nuclear power plant as a baseload power generation source as a new alternative to natural gas and coal power plants in the long term.

Strengthening energy security is an important priority for countries such as Singapore and Japan to have a fuel reserve storage strategy to reduce the risk of fluctuating energy import prices and promote the use of hydrogen as a substitute for natural gas in the long term and in emergencies.

Affordable prices (energy wealth) – High electricity costs drag on energy wealth. Therefore, it must be managed in parallel with the investment in new technology.

Electricity costs are likely to increase due to the adoption of new technologies with high production costs. Although it meets the needs of security and sustainability, it will affect the wealth that is the cost of energy for the country. Although the cost of generating electricity from renewable energy tends to decrease and is lower than the cost of generating electricity from fossil fuels, investment in new technologies to make the power system stable and sustainable. This will increase the cost of electricity production. For example, according to the draft PDP 2024 Power Generation Capacity Development Plan, the electricity bill is likely to increase from 3.76 baht per unit in 2030 to 3.98 baht per unit in 2037 due to the introduction of new clean energy technologies for electricity generation, such as the introduction of hydrogen as a fuel to replace natural gas in electricity generation in 2030, the investment in the BESS energy storage system for the power grid and the start of use in 2032, and the start of nuclear power generation (SMR) in 2037. The government must take measures to accommodate the increase in electricity bills in the future because the increase in electricity costs will affect many dimensions, including the cost of living of the people and business costs, as well as the country’s competitiveness. If you compare the electricity tariff for Thailand’s large-scale industrial sector (group with investment plans in Thailand) with other countries in the ASEAN region by 2025, it will be found that Thailand has an average electricity tariff of about 3.55 baht per unit, which is the fourth highest among the 10 countries in the ASEAN group. If Thailand’s electricity bill tends to increase in the next period, it will reduce the country’s competitiveness, and the government is the main agency that must manage the cost of electricity production appropriately during this transition. It is believed that from the Net zero goal, Thailand must increase clean energy technology and make electricity bills tend to rise. The government can alleviate this problem through at least three actions:

Advertisement

1) Supply domestic fuel in a higher proportion to reduce the import of high-priced fuels, such as the supply and production of natural gas in the Gulf of Thailand. Procurement of alternative fuels such as biogas for use in natural gas power plants, etc.

2) Purchase electricity from renewable energy at a lower price in line with the trend of declining electricity production costs in the future, such as solar energy, which is expected to reduce the cost of electricity generation to 1.1 baht per unit in 2030 and to 0.7 baht per unit in 2050, etc.

3) Enable Direct PPA (pilot project to trade electricity from renewable energy directly between data center operators and power producers) and Third Party Assessment (TPA) (allowing third parties or power producers to connect electricity to the power grid). This will not affect the electricity bills of the public and other businesses due to the government’s charging for power grid services by separating the costs arising from the investment in the new power grid in the areas where the new industrial groups are investing. Such an approach will be able to meet the needs of new industries that need clean electricity to achieve Net zero, which will encourage investment while not affecting the country’s overall electricity bill.

After all, Thailand is moving towards Net Zero 2050, which will affect all three dimensions of the energy trilemma: sustainability, security, and prosperity. But the transition also requires investment to strengthen the stability of the power system. Whether it is BESS investment, strengthening network management capabilities, and SMR development, these are all factors that may affect electricity costs and inevitably affect energy wealth. Therefore, SCB EIC has proposed three ways to help revive energy wealth. These approaches will help Thailand pursue a balanced energy transition between sustainability, security, and prosperity, while maintaining the country’s competitiveness amid increasingly fierce business competition and rapidly increasing demand for clean energy in the future.

Advertisement

Published in the Journal of Banking and Finance, the financial tidbit column for March 2026.

Source : SCB EIC brief / Net zero 2050 : ธุรกิจผลิตไฟฟ้าไทยจะเปลี่ยนผ่านอย่างไรไม่ให้เสียสมดุล Energy trilemma? | SCBEIC

Advertisement
Continue Reading
Click to comment

You must be logged in to post a comment Login

Leave a Reply

Business

Factbox-Who is Cole Allen, the suspect in the White House Correspondents’ Dinner shooting?

Published

on

Factbox-Who is Cole Allen, the suspect in the White House Correspondents’ Dinner shooting?


Factbox-Who is Cole Allen, the suspect in the White House Correspondents’ Dinner shooting?

Continue Reading

Business

Egypt economic outlook trimmed slightly due to Iran war: Reuters poll

Published

on

Egypt economic outlook trimmed slightly due to Iran war: Reuters poll


Egypt economic outlook trimmed slightly due to Iran war: Reuters poll

Continue Reading

Business

Nomura: IB Could Recover In Ebullient Q1, Macquarie Integration Costs Will Pass

Published

on

Nomura: IB Could Recover In Ebullient Q1, Macquarie Integration Costs Will Pass

Nomura: IB Could Recover In Ebullient Q1, Macquarie Integration Costs Will Pass

Continue Reading

Business

Crown Castle: The 2026 Reset Paves The Way For A Re-Rating

Published

on

Telekomunikasi Indonesia: Indonesia's Digital Backbone At An Attractive Discount And Solid Yield

Crown Castle: The 2026 Reset Paves The Way For A Re-Rating

Continue Reading

Business

Q2 catalyst: Will World Cup innovation deliver the rebound Nike and Adidas need?

Published

on


Q2 catalyst: Will World Cup innovation deliver the rebound Nike and Adidas need?

Continue Reading

Business

How the shooting at the White House Correspondents’ Dinner unfolded

Published

on

How the shooting at the White House Correspondents’ Dinner unfolded


How the shooting at the White House Correspondents’ Dinner unfolded

Continue Reading

Business

Users Report Ongoing Issues After Weekend Outages

Published

on

FTSE 100 Surges 0.8% Today as Oil Eases and Markets

SAN FRANCISCO — Character.AI faced another wave of user-reported disruptions on Sunday, April 26, 2026, with thousands complaining of slow responses, loading errors, waiting rooms and partial outages even as the official status page showed gradual improvement following Saturday night’s problems. While not a complete global shutdown, the platform’s instability frustrated millions of users who rely on the AI chatbot service for conversations, role-playing and creative interactions.

Downdetector and similar tracking sites registered elevated complaints throughout the day, with peaks in the early morning and afternoon hours. Many users encountered “human verification” loops, extremely slow reply times or complete inability to load chats. The official Character.AI status page listed several components under “Degraded Performance” or “Partial Outage” early Sunday before showing signs of recovery later in the day.

The latest issues follow a pattern of recurring technical difficulties that have intensified in 2026. On April 25, the company posted multiple “Investigating an issue” alerts spanning several hours, affecting chats, voices and character creation. Engineers worked overnight to stabilize systems, but residual problems lingered into Sunday for users in various regions, particularly during peak evening hours in North America and Europe.

Character.AI, which lets users build and chat with customizable AI personas, has grown explosively since its founding. With millions of daily active users, even brief performance dips create widespread frustration. On social media and Reddit’s r/CharacterAI, users vented about lost progress in long role-play sessions, failed voice features and intrusive waiting queues. Some reported switching to competitors like Chai or alternative platforms while waiting for resolution.

Advertisement

Company updates have been limited. Past incidents were attributed to rapid user growth overwhelming servers and challenges scaling large language model infrastructure. No official post-mortem has been released for the April 25-26 events, though the team previously asked for patience while implementing backend optimizations.

The timing adds inconvenience for many. Weekend usage tends to be higher as people seek entertainment or companionship. International users in Asia and Europe reported more severe problems due to time zone differences amplifying load on specific data centers. Some noted that mobile app performance lagged behind the website, while others found temporary relief by clearing cache or using VPNs.

This is not an isolated incident. Character.AI has faced criticism throughout 2026 for frequent outages, content filter changes and perceived decline in response quality. A popular Reddit thread from earlier in the month questioned whether the platform could “make it to the end of 2026,” reflecting growing user fatigue with technical unreliability.

Despite the frustrations, loyalty remains strong among core users who value the platform’s unique personality-driven experience over more generic AI tools. Many expressed hope that recent investments in infrastructure would eventually stabilize service. Premium subscribers, who pay for priority access and faster responses, still encountered issues during peak disruptions, prompting complaints about value.

Advertisement

Parents and educators monitoring younger users’ activity have voiced additional concerns. Outages can interrupt supervised sessions or classroom applications where Character.AI serves as an engaging tool for writing and language practice. Safety features and age restrictions add complexity when service becomes unpredictable.

Industry analysts note that running conversational AI at this scale demands enormous computational resources. Sudden traffic surges, model updates and optimization attempts can trigger cascading problems. Character.AI competes with well-funded players like OpenAI and Anthropic, making reliability a key battleground for user retention.

Workarounds shared by the community during Sunday’s issues included trying incognito mode, switching networks, or waiting 30-60 minutes for queues to clear. Some users turned to open-source alternatives or other chatbot apps as temporary substitutes. Official support channels encouraged reporting specific errors while directing users to the status page for real-time updates.

As of late Sunday afternoon, many regions reported improved performance, though scattered complaints continued. The company has not announced any scheduled maintenance that would explain the problems. Users are advised to check status.character.ai directly and avoid assuming local connection issues when widespread reports appear.

Advertisement

The repeated disruptions highlight broader challenges in the consumer AI sector. As demand for interactive, always-available chatbots grows, platforms must balance innovation with rock-solid uptime. Character.AI’s passionate community continues to advocate for the service while pushing for more transparent communication during outages.

For now, the platform appears to be stabilizing after the weekend turbulence. Those still experiencing problems should try basic troubleshooting steps or monitor official channels. Character.AI remains one of the most popular AI conversation tools despite its technical hiccups, a testament to the appeal of its customizable characters.

The coming days will reveal whether this latest wave marks the end of the recent instability or another chapter in ongoing reliability struggles. Users worldwide hope for smoother sailing as the platform matures in a highly competitive market.

Advertisement
Continue Reading

Business

Suspect in Trump WHCA Dinner Assassination Attempt

Published

on

Cole Tomas Allen

WASHINGTON — Cole Tomas Allen, the 31-year-old California teacher identified as the suspect in Saturday night’s shooting at the White House Correspondents’ Association Dinner, has emerged as a central figure in the latest apparent assassination attempt on President Donald Trump. Authorities describe him as a lone actor who allegedly bypassed security at the Washington Hilton and opened fire near the main ballroom.

Cole Tomas Allen
Cole Tomas Allen

Here are five essential things to know about Cole Allen as the investigation unfolds:

1. Background as a California Educator Allen worked as a teacher and tutor in the Torrance area of Los Angeles County. Local records show he was recognized as “Teacher of the Month” by a tutoring company in late 2024. He earned a Master of Science in Computer Science from California State University, Dominguez Hills in 2025. Colleagues described him as quiet and unremarkable, with no obvious red flags in his professional life. Investigators are examining whether his education background or interactions with students played any role in his radicalization or motives.

2. Weapons and Tactical Approach Allen arrived at the Hilton carrying a legally purchased shotgun, a handgun and multiple knives. He allegedly charged a magnetometer checkpoint outside the ballroom after initial screening, exchanging gunfire with Secret Service agents. One agent was struck but protected by body armor. The tactical nature of his approach — blending legal firearms with close-quarters aggression — has raised questions about planning and possible reconnaissance of the event.

3. Motive Still Under Investigation As of Sunday, no manifesto or clear ideological statement has surfaced. The FBI is combing through Allen’s digital devices, social media history and California residence for clues. Preliminary assessments suggest he acted alone with no immediate ties to known terrorist groups. Authorities are exploring personal grievances, political extremism or mental health factors. Trump described him as a “lone wolf whack job” in public remarks.

Advertisement

4. Registered Guest at the Event Surprisingly, Allen was a registered attendee at the Correspondents’ Dinner. This detail has intensified scrutiny of guest vetting procedures for the high-profile gathering. How a California resident obtained credentials and brought weapons into proximity of the president remains a focal point of the Secret Service after-action review. His presence as a legitimate guest may have helped him navigate outer layers of security.

5. Rapid Arrest and Ongoing Probe Secret Service and local law enforcement took Allen into custody quickly after the gunfire. He was hospitalized for evaluation but not shot. Federal charges including assault on a federal officer and use of a firearm in a crime of violence are expected Monday. The FBI’s Joint Terrorism Task Force has joined the case, with digital forensics and background checks continuing. No other suspects are being sought.

The incident occurred around 8:30 p.m. Saturday as the glitzy dinner — featuring celebrities, journalists and Trump’s first attendance as sitting president — was in full swing. Gunshots prompted immediate chaos, with Secret Service agents evacuating Trump, First Lady Melania Trump and other protectees. No guests or staff were injured, though the psychological impact on attendees has been significant.

Allen’s California roots have drawn intense media attention to Torrance, a suburban community south of Los Angeles. Neighbors expressed shock, describing him as a reserved individual who kept to himself. Former students and tutoring clients recalled him as competent but not particularly memorable. No prior criminal record has surfaced publicly.

Advertisement

The choice of the Correspondents’ Dinner as a target carries symbolic weight. Trump has long criticized the event and the media in general. His decision to attend this year marked a notable shift, possibly contributing to elevated security risks. The breach has prompted immediate calls for reform in how large Washington events screen guests and manage threats.

Law enforcement sources emphasize that while Allen appears to have acted alone, the full scope of any planning or external influences is still being determined. Travel records, financial transactions and communications are under review. His computer science education may have aided in any digital planning or evasion attempts.

Politically, the attempt has unified condemnation of violence across party lines while reigniting debates over security, mental health and the toxic tone of national discourse. Republicans highlighted the dangers Trump faces, while Democrats stressed the need to avoid politicizing the tragedy before facts are complete.

For the Secret Service, this marks another high-profile test following previous incidents in 2024 and 2025. Director praised agents’ response but acknowledged gaps that allowed Allen proximity to the venue. A comprehensive review will examine credentialing, perimeter security and intelligence sharing.

Advertisement

Allen’s hospitalization allows time for medical and psychiatric evaluation, standard in such cases. Arraignment is anticipated in federal court early this week. Prosecutors are building a strong case with video evidence from multiple angles and eyewitness accounts from agents and guests.

The broader implications extend to public events nationwide. Organizers of similar high-visibility gatherings are reassessing protocols, while the incident underscores persistent challenges in protecting leaders in an era of easy access to information and weapons.

Community leaders in Torrance have urged calm and cooperation with investigators. Schools and tutoring centers where Allen worked are reviewing their own records and offering support to staff and students affected by the news.

As details emerge, Cole Allen’s profile remains that of an ordinary educator who allegedly crossed into extraordinary violence. Whether deeper motives or personal crises drove him may take weeks to fully uncover. For now, the nation processes another close call in America’s polarized political landscape.

Advertisement

The White House Correspondents’ Association expressed relief at the outcome and commitment to continuing its mission. Future events will likely feature enhanced measures without sacrificing the dinner’s tradition of bringing together media, politics and entertainment.

Trump’s team indicated he will proceed with his schedule under heightened protection. The president used the moment to reiterate themes of strength and resilience that have defined his public persona.

This developing story continues to evolve rapidly. Additional updates on Allen’s background, court proceedings and the full investigation are expected in the coming days.

Advertisement
Continue Reading

Business

Exploring Sex Reassignment Surgery in Thailand

Published

on

Thailand Business News

The journey to sex reassignment surgery in Thailand involves navigating the path, facing struggles, and thorough preparation for trans women seeking bottom surgery.

The Journey to Thailand for Surgery

Embarking on the path to sex reassignment surgery in Thailand required careful planning and determination. Known for its skilled surgeons and quality medical facilities, Thailand became my choice for this life-changing procedure. Researching various clinics and consulting with former patients helped me make an informed decision, ensuring I was in capable hands.

Navigating the Challenges

The process was fraught with emotional and logistical challenges. Before surgery, undergoing psychological assessments and hormone therapy was necessary. Each step required patience and perseverance as I navigated complex medical and legal protocols. Support from friends and family proved invaluable during this time, offering reassurance and understanding.

Preparing for a New Beginning

Preparation was crucial, not only physically but emotionally. I engaged in counseling sessions and built a support network to help with the transition. Post-surgery, the recovery period tested my resilience, but with professional care and guidance, I began embracing my true self. This journey culminated in a deep sense of fulfillment and authenticity.

Advertisement

My Experience of Sex Reassignment Surgery in Thailand

Undergoing sex reassignment surgery in Thailand was a transformative chapter in my life as a trans woman. Renowned for its expertise and compassionate care, Thailand provided a supportive environment from consultation to recovery. The journey began with meticulous research and consultations, ensuring that I chose a reputable clinic and skilled surgeon. Navigating language barriers and understanding cultural nuances were initial challenges, but the warm hospitality eased my transition.

Preparation involved extensive medical assessments, psychological evaluations, and living authentically as a woman for over a year, as per WPATH standards. Financially, it required saving diligently and sourcing insurance support. The emotional struggles included anxiety and anticipation, but the unwavering support from my loved ones was invaluable. Ultimately, the surgery was not just a physical transformation but a profound alignment with my true self, bringing a sense of peace and authenticity.

Advertisement
Continue Reading

Business

Taiwan defiant as diplomatic mission overcomes airspace blockade

Published

on


Taiwan defiant as diplomatic mission overcomes airspace blockade

Continue Reading

Trending

Copyright © 2025