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$290M Kelp DAO Breach Tied to Lazarus Group and Weak Bridge Security

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Brian Armstrong's Bold Prediction: AI Agents Will Soon Dominate Global Financial

Key Takeaways

  • Approximately $290–293 million was stolen from Kelp DAO following a sophisticated attack on RPC nodes connected to LayerZero’s verification system
  • Kelp DAO allegedly disregarded LayerZero’s security recommendations to implement multiple verifiers, operating with only one verifier
  • Preliminary evidence points to North Korea’s Lazarus Group as the perpetrators behind this security breach
  • Nine DeFi platforms, most notably Aave, experienced cascading damage, with Aave’s total value locked declining by $6 billion
  • Moving forward, LayerZero has declared it will refuse to support applications operating with single-verifier configurations

In what represents one of 2026’s most significant decentralized finance security breaches, Kelp DAO suffered losses totaling approximately $290–293 million during a weekend attack. LayerZero, the cross-chain messaging protocol utilized in the incident, has attributed the vulnerability to Kelp’s infrastructure decisions.

The breach focused on Kelp’s rsETH token transfer mechanism across different blockchain networks. Operating with a single-verifier architecture meant only one authority needed to validate cross-chain transfers. According to LayerZero, the company had explicitly cautioned Kelp about this configuration and urged adoption of multiple independent verification sources.

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The hackers infiltrated two remote procedure call nodes—specialized servers enabling software to interact with blockchain data. These legitimate nodes were replaced with compromised versions that delivered fraudulent information to LayerZero’s verification system while maintaining normal appearances to other infrastructure components.

Since LayerZero’s verification process also consulted legitimate external nodes, the attackers launched a distributed denial-of-service campaign to disable those systems. This tactic redirected network traffic through the compromised infrastructure during a 80-minute window from 10:20 a.m. to 11:40 a.m. Pacific Time on Saturday.

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When the failover mechanism activated, the malicious nodes transmitted confirmation of a legitimate transaction to the verifier. Kelp’s bridge protocol subsequently released 116,500 rsETH to the attackers’ wallets. The hostile software then eliminated itself, erasing all forensic evidence from the affected servers.

Cascading Impact Throughout DeFi Ecosystem

The stolen rsETH tokens were deployed as collateral across various lending platforms, enabling the attackers to withdraw genuine assets. Aave, the dominant decentralized lending platform, absorbed the most substantial damage.

Aave found itself holding illiquid rsETH collateral while valuable assets such as ETH had already been extracted through borrowing mechanisms. Aave’s native token plummeted approximately 15% within a 24-hour period, while the protocol experienced roughly $6 billion in withdrawals as participants scrambled to remove their funds.

No fewer than nine DeFi applications experienced damage, including Fluid, Compound Finance, SparkLend, and Euler. Cybersecurity firm Cyvers characterized the incident as a “cross-protocol contagion event” extending far beyond a single platform vulnerability.

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With preliminary confidence, LayerZero has connected this attack to North Korea’s Lazarus Group, specifically its TraderTraitor division. This same organization was implicated in the $285 million Drift Protocol breach on April 1, indicating Lazarus has extracted over $575 million from decentralized finance within an 18-day period using two distinct attack methodologies.

Security Protocol Adjustments

LayerZero reports no evidence of vulnerability spreading to applications operating with multi-verifier architectures. The company has restored its verification service and announced a permanent policy refusing to process messages for any application utilizing single-verifier configurations.

Curve Finance founder Michael Egorov emphasized that this breach demonstrates the inherent risks of relying on solitary transaction verification sources. He additionally cautioned against utilizing cross-chain infrastructure unless operationally essential.

According to Ledger CTO Charles Guillemet, 2026 will “most likely be the worst year in terms of hacks.” Cryptocurrency-related security breach losses have already surpassed $482 million during Q1 2026.

Kelp has remained silent regarding LayerZero’s version of events and has not addressed why the protocol continued operating with a single-verifier architecture despite receiving explicit security warnings.

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Moody’s exec warns stablecoins could erode bank market share as adoption scales

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U.S. Treasury launches public consultation on GENIUS Act stablecoin rules

Traditional banks could see their market dominance challenged by the rise of stablecoins and tokenized real-world assets as these digital currencies move beyond their current niche uses.

Summary

  • Moody’s Investors Service suggests that the disruption risk for the banking sector remains limited at this stage because current U.S. rules prevent stablecoins from paying yield.
  • The growth of tokenized real-world assets and stablecoins could eventually place pressure on traditional banks by causing deposit outflows and reducing their overall lending capacity.

Moody’s Investors Service Digital Economy Group associate vice president Abhi Srivastava told crypto media that stablecoin use remains “limited” for now, even though the sector’s market capitalization climbed past $300 billion by the end of last year. 

While the role of these assets in cross-border commerce and on-chain finance is expanding, the existing US payment landscape is currently fast and trusted enough to keep disruption at bay. 

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Srivastava observed that “for the banking sector, at this stage, disruption risk appears limited,” largely because US rules prevent stablecoins from paying yield to holders.

According to him, domestic deposits are unlikely to be replaced at scale while these yield restrictions remain in place. However, long-term growth in stablecoins and tokenized RWAs—physical or financial assets represented by blockchain tokens—could eventually trigger deposit outflows. 

Such a trend would reduce the lending capacity of traditional banks by placing “pressure” on their core business models, he added.

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Legislative gridlock over yield and oversight

Regulatory policy regarding stablecoins has turned into a major point of contention between the crypto industry and the banking sector. The primary concern centers on yield-bearing stablecoins, which banks fear will directly compete for their customers.

This specific issue has become a major stumbling block for the Digital Asset Market Clarity Act of 2025, or the CLARITY Act.

The Digital Asset Market Clarity Act of 2025, or the CLARITY Act, has hit a wall in Congress as lawmakers struggle to balance the interests of the crypto industry with those of the bank lobby. The framework was designed to set clear rules for asset classification and regulatory oversight, but it stalled after major players like Coinbase voiced opposition to specific provisions.

The ban on yield-bearing stablecoins and a lack of legal safeguards for open-source developers remain the primary points of contention. 

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Banks have lobbied heavily against allowing stablecoins to offer interest, fearing such a move would trigger massive deposit outflows and sap their ability to provide loans. Srivastava warned that over time, the growth of tokenized RWAs—physical assets represented on a blockchain—could place significant “pressure” on traditional financial institutions.

Senator Thom Tillis of North Carolina recently signaled plans to introduce a compromise draft to bridge the gap between crypto firms and traditional banks. However, this updated proposal has already faced resistance and remains unreleased to the public. 

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Crypto ETFs Haul $1.37 Billion in Biggest Week Since January 2026, Altcoins Join Rally

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Trump’s Pro-Bitcoin Fed Pick Kevin Warsh Named in Epstein Files

Spot Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH) exchange-traded funds (ETFs) drew $1.27 billion in combined net inflows during the week ending April 17. This marked their strongest week since mid-January.

Across the five major spot crypto ETF products, total weekly inflows reached roughly $1.37 billion, including XRP, Solana, and Chainlink funds, a near 40% jump from the prior week.

Crypto ETF Flows Rebound After Q1 Drawdown

Bitcoin ETFs pulled in $996.38 million, while Ethereum ETFs added $275.83 million, according to SoSoValue data. Both marked the largest weekly inflows since the week of January 16.

The rebound comes after a difficult first quarter. BTC ETF assets fell nearly 35% from their $128 billion mid-January high to $83.40 billion by February 27.

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In addition, ETH ETF assets dropped 46% over the same period. Now, the inflow surge has pushed total Bitcoin ETF net assets back above $100 billion.

Moreover, the move extends a third straight week of positive BTC ETF flows and a second for Ethereum products.

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The recovery was not isolated to the two largest assets. XRP ETFs took in $55.39 million, nearly matching their 2026’s peak week in mid-January. Solana funds drew $35.17 million, reversing three consecutive weeks of outflows, while Chainlink ETFs added $5.30 million.

This marked the largest inflow outside its December launch week. Notably, LINK ETFs have not recorded a single week of net outflows.

Inflows picked up on the back of easing expectations around US–Iran tensions, but the backdrop remains fragile. Sentiment could come under renewed pressure after US naval forces fired on and seized an Iranian cargo ship in the Gulf of Oman, marking a clear escalation in the conflict.

At the same time, uncertainty surrounding Iran’s participation in the upcoming talks in Islamabad has added to market caution. Geopolitical developments, including the trajectory of negotiations and potential retaliation risks, are likely to remain a key driver of market sentiment in the near term.

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3 Altcoins to Watch in the 4th Week of April 2026

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DEXE/USDT daily chart

Three altcoins are entering next week with fresh bullish setups on their daily charts. DeXe (DEXE) leads with a 63.8% weekly gain, while Ethena (ENA) and MemeCore (M) show technical breakouts that suggest follow-through upside.

Each chart shows a distinct setup. DEXE has cleared a key Fibonacci retracement with strong momentum, ENA has broken a multi-month downtrend line, and M is riding an exponential support curve above a confirmed breakout zone.

Altcoin to Watch: DeXe Leads the Week With a 64% Rally

DeXe (DEXE) is the strongest performer on this watchlist, up 63.8% over the last seven days. Nearly 10% of that gain came in the last two sessions, with price trading at $15.85 and sitting directly on the 0.618 Fibonacci retracement at $15.61.

The coin has already cleared the $12.50 to $13 resistance zone, a level flagged in prior DeXe coverage. That area now acts as the first support if buyers step back.

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The next major target on the upside is the 0.786 retracement at $19.39. Above that level, the chart shows a final target at the 1.0 retracement near $24.20, which would mark a full recovery to the February 2025 high.

Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD) remains elevated and positively sloped, which continues to support momentum. However, the Relative Strength Index (RSI) has reached the upper band and is showing the first hints of bearish divergence, a shift that could signal cooling ahead.

Volume has been declining across the advance, a typical sign that the move lacks fresh participation. The uptrend could stall if new buyers do not step in at higher prices.

If momentum reverses, the first downside target is $13. The second support sits at $10.31, which is the 0.382 Fibonacci retracement and the line that would define a deeper correction.

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DEXE/USDT daily chart
DEXE/USDT daily chart / Source: Tradingview

Ethena Breaks a Multi-Month Downtrend Line

Ethena (ENA) has gained 27.1% over the past week, the second-strongest performer on this list. Price trades near $0.1162 after a short-term pullback on the day, yet the weekly structure remains constructive.

Three days ago, the price pushed above a descending trend line. That line had guided the full move from the November 11 high at $0.3603 into the April 5 low at $0.0765.

The Fibonacci retracement anchored from those two points places the first resistance at $0.1435, which is the 0.236 level. Price is consolidating just below that zone, which is marked in red on the chart.

A confirmed close above $0.1435 would open the 0.382 retracement at $0.1849 and the 0.5 retracement at $0.2184. The 0.618 retracement at $0.2519 remains the primary target for a larger breakout. That level would represent a 116% gain from current prices (green).

Volume has been rising on bullish candles, signaling stronger buyer participation. RSI has climbed out of oversold without reaching overbought, which leaves room for further upside. Other altcoins have shown similar recovery setups heading into April.

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The final bullish target sits at $0.3603, the breakdown zone from November. That path is ambitious, yet the chart no longer prints fresh lower lows, and the break of the trend line is the first structural shift in months.

ENA/USDT daily chart / Source: Tradingview

MemeCore Holds Breakout Support After a 24% Weekly Gain

MemeCore (M) posted a 24.2% gain over the last seven days, rounding out this week’s three altcoins. The token broke out of a multi-month resistance zone on April 16 and has since converted that zone into support.

That resistance had capped gains since September 17, 2025. It now sits between $2.80 and $3.00 on the daily chart, and a retest on April 19 confirmed the area as support.

An exponential curve drawn on the chart (black) continues to track the price from below. A break of that curve would be the first clear sign that the trend structure has shifted.

M/USDT daily chart / Source: Tradingview

The most recent pullback tagged the 0.5 Fibonacci retracement, which sits inside the same support band. A deeper correction would shift attention to the 0.618 retracement near $2.54, the last defense for the bullish thesis. Prior MemeCore coverage tracked a similar breakout attempt earlier this cycle.

RSI shows no bearish divergence, and MACD remains constructive. Volume has been trending lower even as price extends, a divergence that suggests the rally needs fresh buyers to sustain the current pace.

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The post 3 Altcoins to Watch in the 4th Week of April 2026 appeared first on BeInCrypto.

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Solana DeFi Protocols Hit Critical Liquidity Levels After KelpDAO Security Breach

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Brian Armstrong's Bold Prediction: AI Agents Will Soon Dominate Global Financial

Key Takeaways

  • A security breach affecting KelpDAO’s rsETH product on April 20 created cascading effects throughout Solana’s DeFi infrastructure
  • Stablecoin lending platforms across the network have experienced dramatic spikes in utilization metrics
  • Jupiter Lend currently shows 99% utilization with only $81 million remaining from its $421 million USDC reserves
  • Both Kamino and Marginfi face severe liquidity constraints as borrowing rates exceed 8%
  • The available capital for lending across Solana’s ecosystem has reached critically low levels

A security incident targeting KelpDAO’s rsETH infrastructure on April 20, 2026, has triggered widespread disruption across the Solana blockchain’s decentralized finance landscape.

The repercussions materialized quickly. Capital started evacuating from DeFi applications, creating a squeeze on stablecoin availability throughout Solana’s lending infrastructure. Multiple prominent platforms now operate with minimal reserves remaining.

Jupiter Lend faces particularly acute pressure. The protocol manages $421 million in total USDC deposits, of which $340 million has been distributed to borrowers. When factoring in mandatory reserve requirements, the platform operates at approximately 99% capacity. Current annual percentage yields for lenders stand at 4.36%.

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Kamino Prime Market experiences similar stress conditions. Data indicates total USDC deposits of roughly $186.8 million against outstanding loans of $178.8 million. This configuration produces utilization approaching 96%, while lending yields have climbed to 8.92%.

Kamino’s Main Market exhibits comparable dynamics. The platform holds approximately $172 million in USDC deposits supporting $164 million in active loans. Utilization metrics hover around 95.75%, with lending returns reaching 10.2%.

Secondary Platforms Experience Significant Pressure

Marginfi data reveals USDC lending utilization at 88.32%, accompanied by lending yields of 7.65%. Save Finance, the rebranded iteration of Solend, has witnessed utilization climb beyond 70%, with corresponding lending rates at 3.9%.

These metrics demonstrate that liquidity stress extends well beyond flagship platforms. The pressure has permeated Solana’s entire lending infrastructure.

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Elevated utilization percentages indicate extremely limited USDC availability for new borrowers. Users requiring access to capital face restricted options alongside escalating costs.

The constricted market conditions have additionally impacted derivative markets tracking Solana’s token valuation. Prediction markets estimating Solana above $150 during the April 13–19 window show only 0.4% probability on the affirmative side. These markets lack actual USDC trading volume, undermining their credibility as price signals.

Market Data Reveals Investor Sentiment

For April 16, certain prediction markets price Solana exceeding $100 at 100% certainty. However, with zero verifiable transaction volume supporting this figure, the indicator provides minimal analytical value.

Affirmative position shares betting on Solana reaching $150 by mid-April trade at merely 0.4 cents while offering $1 payouts upon correct resolution. This potential 250x multiplier underscores profound market doubt regarding imminent price appreciation.

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The liquidity impact stemming from the KelpDAO security incident remains unresolved. Borrowing costs continue their upward trajectory as utilization persists at heightened levels throughout Solana’s primary lending protocols.

As of April 20, Kamino’s Main Market lending yield of 10.2% represents the peak rate documented among impacted platforms.

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Saylor Hints at New BTC Buy, Strategy Eyes Semi-Monthly Dividends

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Saylor Hints at New BTC Buy, Strategy Eyes Semi-Monthly Dividends

Strategy co-founder Michael Saylor has hinted at another large Bitcoin purchase, just a week after the company disclosed that it bought around $1 billion of Bitcoin in the second week of April. 

Strategy disclosed last Monday that it acquired 13,927 Bitcoin for $1 billion between April 6 and 12, at an average price of $71,902 per coin, posting “Think ₿igger” the day before the filing. 

However, Saylor posted “Think Even ₿igger” on X on Sunday along with a chart of Strategy’s purchase history, something he has historically done to hint at another purchase announcement. 

It comes just days after the Bitcoin treasury company proposed to increase the frequency of dividend payments to stockholders in the hopes of stabilizing the price and growing demand.

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Source: Michael Saylor

In a video presentation to shareholders shared by Saylor on Friday, Strategy CEO Phong Le said the company hopes to pay dividends twice a month — on the 15th and again at the end of each month — for a total of 24 a year at the current rate of 11.5%.

“What do we think this will do, it should stabilize the price, dampen cyclicality, drive further liquidity and grow demand,” Le said.

A preliminary proxy filing was sent to the US Securities and Exchange Commission on Friday. The definitive proxy filing is expected on April 28, when voting opens to approve or reject the measure. Voting closes on June 8 at the annual shareholder meeting, with the new schedule expected to start mid-July if approved.

Demand plunging after dividend dates, said Le

Le said one of the main reasons for the proposed change was to address a drop in demand after investors were no longer eligible for the upcoming dividend, which cooled buying activity and slowed the pace of new share sales.

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“If we were to move forward with paying STRC to semi-monthly, we would be in category 1, the only preferred in the world that pays semi-monthly dividends. We think this is unique and this is attractive,” he added.

The company went through dozens of iterations before settling on the semi-monthly schedule and had considered weekly and even daily dividend record dates. The NASDAQ stock exchange, which lists Strategy’s stock, follows industry rules requiring a minimum gap of ten days between the record date and the payment date, according to Le.

Related: Strategy’s Michael Saylor signals impending Bitcoin purchase

Strategy has the largest Bitcoin (BTC) stash among publicly traded companies with 780,897 coins, worth $58.2 billion, according to Bitbo. It’s also one of the most frequent buyers with regular weekly purchases.

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The company’s stock (MSTR) jumped 11.8% on Friday to $166.52. It’s still down more than 47% over the past year, according to Google Finance.  

Strategy’s Bitcoin buying comes despite the company sitting on significant unrealized losses on its holdings. Earlier this month, Strategy reported in its first-quarter financial results that its unrealized losses on digital assets amounted to $14.46 billion.

Magazine: Will the CLARITY Act be good — or bad — for DeFi?