David Schwartz, co-founder of the XRP Ledger and Ripple CTO Emeritus, has proposed a two-component transaction reservation mechanism to address front-running and sandwich attack risks on XRPL’s native DEX and AMM.

The proposal, surfaced in response to concerns raised by XRP-focused analytics account XRPresso.io, introduces priority execution guarantees for users willing to pay a reservation fee, a market-integrity measure with direct relevance as institutional inflows into XRP products continue to scale.

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The proposal is currently under community discussion and has not been formalized as a network amendment. That distinction matters: on the XRP Ledger, protocol changes require a supermajority of validators to vote in favor before activation, meaning Schwartz’s design carries weight but faces a defined governance process before it touches mainnet.

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How the Ripple XRP ReservedTxns Mechanism Actually Works

The scheme introduces two new protocol components. The first is a ReservedTxns ledger object, which stores a target ledger sequence number and an array of up to 32 transaction IDs.

When that specific ledger executes, any listed transactions present in the consensus set are processed first, ahead of all other transactions, after which the object is deleted. The second component is a TxnReserve transaction type, which allows a user to claim a priority slot for one or more future transactions by submitting a reservation before the target ledger closes.

Three constraints govern the TxnReserve: the reservation fee must be at least twice the standard transaction fee; the target ledger must fall within 16 ledgers of the current one; and the actual transaction must set its LastLedgerSequence to match the reserved ledger.

Those rules are not incidental, they define both the economic cost of using the system and the narrow time window in which it operates. The 16-ledger ceiling keeps reservations tightly coupled to near-term execution, preventing the mechanism from being weaponized as a general-purpose queue-gaming tool.

DoS protection is built in through dynamic fee scaling: as reservation slots fill past 16, fees step upward, reaching several multiples of the base reserve near 30 slots. Schwartz also specified that XRPL server software would hold reserved transactions and release them only close to when the prior ledger’s proposals are known, compressing the pre-execution visibility window.

“This guarantees that you can execute your transaction ahead of any transaction that was formed after your transaction was disclosed,” Schwartz said. “You would use this approach any time you want to perform a transaction that you want to ensure cannot be sandwiched or front run.”

The XRPL-Specific Front-Running Problem Schwartz Is Solving

XRPresso’s concern centers on a structural feature of the XRP Ledger: pending transactions sit in a publicly visible queue before a ledger closes, giving validators and well-connected nodes advance sight of incoming trades.

Because canonical transaction ordering on XRPL is determined by a known, deterministic formula involving transaction hashes, a sophisticated actor can submit similar transactions repeatedly to increase the probability of landing in a favorable slot relative to a target trade, the mechanistic basis for a sandwich attack on the DEX or AMM.

Schwartz acknowledged the exposure but contested the framing. He argued that all participants have equal access to the public queue, and that validators gain no structural ordering advantage unless several conspire.

“If multiple validators did conspire, or a single validator attempted it, it would be very obvious to everyone exactly who was doing this,” he said, adding that no such attempt has been confirmed outside of a proof-of-concept.

He also flagged a practical profitability constraint: extracting meaningful value requires simultaneously high liquidity (to generate volume worth targeting) and low liquidity (to move price at manageable cost), a combination rarely present on XRPL.

That argument has not fully satisfied critics, but it does distinguish XRPL’s current risk profile from Ethereum’s historically active MEV environment.

The front-running debate in DeFi is not isolated to the XRP ecosystem. Binance co-founder Changpeng Zhao proposed a dark pool perpetuals DEX last year using zero-knowledge cryptography to conceal order data until execution, an approach that drew its own criticism from decentralization advocates who argued it recreates the information asymmetries crypto was designed to eliminate.

XRPresso made a similar argument in response to Schwartz, contending that targeted confidentiality for pending transaction details would be a cleaner long-term fix than a reservation fee layer, and pointing to implementations already live on competing chains.

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The post Ripple CTO Proposes ReservedTxns to Block Front-Running on XRPL DEX appeared first on Cryptonews.

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• REAL launches private execution layer for RWA institutions.
• ZKsync tech enables confidential on-chain settlement via Ethereum.
• Platform aims to bridge the privacy gap in institutional blockchain use.

REAL has introduced a confidential execution layer designed to support regulated financial institutions operating in tokenized real-world asset (RWA) markets, addressing one of the key barriers to broader institutional adoption of blockchain-based finance.

The new layer, built using ZKsync’s Prividium technology, operates alongside REAL’s public Layer 1 network.

According to the company, it enables institutions to keep positions, allocations, and counterparty data private while still benefiting from public settlement and liquidity through Ethereum.

The company said the confidential layer is intended to provide privacy controls without compromising compliance, liquidity, or distribution, allowing institutions to participate in onchain markets while maintaining the confidentiality required for regulated financial operations.

Confidential infrastructure targets institutional needs

REAL said the new execution layer is designed to bridge the gap between public blockchain infrastructure and the operational requirements of regulated financial institutions.

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While public blockchains offer benefits such as global access, instant settlement, and composability, the company noted that institutions have been reluctant to conduct business on networks where sensitive information—including positions, treasury strategies, and counterparty relationships—is publicly visible.

Because the confidential layer settles transactions on Ethereum, institutions can access the broader onchain capital market while maintaining operational privacy instead of operating within isolated private networks.

Platform supports regulated financial workflows

According to REAL, the confidential execution layer is built to support a range of institutional workflows where privacy is considered essential.

These include wealth and asset management activities that require protected portfolio information, balance sheet operations, tokenized deposit models, and selective disclosure capabilities for auditors, compliance teams, and regulators when necessary.

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The company said institutions using the platform will continue to benefit from blockchain-native settlement, distribution, and liquidity while avoiding the need to expose sensitive business activity on fully public networks.

The launch also expands REAL’s broader strategy of supporting the entire lifecycle of tokenized real-world assets within a compliance-focused infrastructure.

The company said its platform covers issuance, risk assessment, insurance, trading, and institutional execution under a single architecture designed for regulated financial markets.

REAL expands institutional blockchain offering

REAL describes itself as an institutional blockchain infrastructure provider focused on compliant real-world asset tokenization and risk-managed capital flows.

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Built on Cosmos Tendermint, the platform supports multiple stages of onchain financial products, including issuance, compliance, liquidity, insurance, risk assessment, and trading.

The company said its dual-validator architecture combines technical validators with business validators such as tokenizers, risk scorers, insurers, and credit agencies to provide an infrastructure aimed at institutional trust.

The confidential execution layer uses ZKsync’s Prividium privacy technology, which is designed to enable regulated entities to operate onchain with configurable confidentiality, selective disclosure, and settlement on Ethereum.

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Key Takeaways

• RZLV shares advance 9.42% following shareholder endorsement of $300M share repurchase authorization

• Company anticipates UK Court clearance by mid-September 2026

• Rezolve Ai maintains FY26 revenue projection of approximately $360 million

• Company aims for minimum $500 million annual recurring revenue by year-end 2026

• Repurchase program provides board discretion without mandating specific share quantities

Rezolve AI PLC (RZLV) shares climbed 9.42% to reach $2.8450 following shareholder authorization of a substantial share repurchase program. The stock experienced an early jump after market open and maintained strength throughout the session near session highs. This approval provides the company with a strategic mechanism to address what management views as a market valuation disconnect.

Rezolve AI PLC, RZLV

Annual Meeting Delivers Buyback Mandate

During the company’s Annual General Meeting, Rezolve Ai shareholders voted to authorize both capital reduction and share repurchase capabilities. This mandate permits the board to execute buybacks totaling up to $300 million. The initiative still requires customary UK Court confirmation before any share repurchases can commence.

This authorization grants Rezolve Ai operational latitude to acquire ordinary shares in accordance with UK Companies Act 2006 provisions. Management anticipates completing the court approval process by mid-September 2026. Following judicial clearance, the company intends to initiate repurchases when market dynamics align with strategic board determinations.

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According to Rezolve Ai’s announcement, the repurchase program may leverage open market acquisitions, block transactions, or private negotiations. The company noted it may occasionally repurchase shares from BTIG. Importantly, the program establishes no obligation to purchase any predetermined share volume.

Company Connects Repurchase Plan to Expansion Trajectory

Rezolve Ai characterized the shareholder vote as validation of its strategic direction and expansion prospects. Management stated that current market capitalization fails to capture the company’s operational scale. The company also highlighted accelerating commercial traction within its enterprise client portfolio.

The firm disclosed it currently supports over 1,000 enterprise clients worldwide. Additionally, Rezolve Ai reported approximately $60 million in preliminary revenue for the first quarter of 2026. Management reiterated its full fiscal year 2026 revenue target of roughly $360 million.

This projection represents approximately 7.5 times the company’s fiscal 2025 revenue baseline. Rezolve Ai also forecasts exiting 2026 with no less than $500 million in annual recurring revenue. Consequently, the buyback authorization coincides with an aggressive growth narrative the company continues to advance.

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Brain Suite Platform Powers Digital Commerce Strategy

Rezolve Ai competes in the AI-powered commerce sector through its Brain Suite platform. This technology assists retailers, consumer brands, and financial services organizations in optimizing digital sales workflows. The platform facilitates search functionality, customer interaction, product suggestions, and transaction completion.

The company markets Brain Suite as foundational infrastructure for instantaneous commerce intelligence. It serves enterprises requiring accelerated product discovery and enhanced customer personalization. Accordingly, Rezolve Ai attributes its growth trajectory to rising enterprise adoption of automated commerce solutions.

RZLV’s rally demonstrated robust investor response to the buyback authorization combined with refreshed growth indicators. The stock’s 9.42% appreciation renewed market attention following the shareholder decision. Nevertheless, the repurchase program remains contingent upon court confirmation and board execution.

 

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XRP price is holding above the $1.00 level, sitting between $1.04 and $1.06 with a slightly bullish prediction. Over the past 24 hours, it has been up nearly 2 percent, but the move still looks like a recovery within a volatile range.

Sentiment remains heavily negative, with the Fear and Greed index near 15 in extreme fear, with around 74 percent of readings still leaning bearish. This suggests participation is cautious and mostly retail-driven. As a result, upside moves remain fragile under risk-off conditions.

Technically, XRP has reclaimed short-term support after the prior decline, with momentum turned slightly positive on intraday readings. However, resistance remains concentrated around $1.08 to $1.10. Price action in this zone will decide near-term direction.

If buyers break above resistance, a base formation could develop; otherwise, rejection may confirm another failed bounce. Overall structure remains undecided despite the recent recovery. The market still waits for stronger confirmation.

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XRP Price Prediction: Reclaim $1.10 and Push Toward $2.00?

XRP is trading around $1.04 to $1.06, sitting in a sensitive technical zone, and near-term support sits between $1.02 and $1.04, holding recent pullbacks. Resistance builds from $1.10 to $1.11, where sellers previously absorbed momentum with volume near $1.58 billion, and remains steady but lacks breakout conviction.

If XRP holds $1.02–$1.04, momentum could rebuild gradually. A breakout above $1.10 may trigger stronger upside continuation. Upside extension targets $1.50 to $1.80 in that scenario. Some 2026 outlooks extend toward $2.80 under structural recovery.

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XRP likely consolidates between $1.02 and $1.11 in the near term, and price action may remain range-bound as sentiment slowly stabilizes. Not helping the case, the current market structure appears neutral, neither confirming a breakout nor a breakdown.

A daily close below $1.00 would weaken psychological support and reopen downside toward sub-$0.90 levels as sentiment near extreme fear increases volatility risk across markets. Longer-term projections remain conditional on macro stability returning.

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Bitcoin Hyper Targets Early-Mover Upside as XRP Tests Key Levels

XRP at $1.04 is a recovery, not a repricing. Traders who bought the highs above $3.00 are still significantly underwater, and even a move to $2.80 represents a long hold against a market index screaming fear. That gap between current price and meaningful upside is exactly where early-stage infrastructure plays become worth sizing up alongside established large-caps.

Bitcoin Hyper ($HYPER) is positioning as the first-ever Bitcoin Layer 2 with Solana Virtual Machine (SVM) integration, a combination that targets Bitcoin’s core structural limitations: slow finality, high fees, and near-zero programmability.

The project has raised close to $33 million at a current presale price of $0.01368, with staking active for early participants. The SVM integration is the differentiator worth scrutinizing: it aims to deliver smart contract execution speed exceeding Solana’s own performance, anchored to Bitcoin’s security layer via a decentralized canonical bridge.

For traders watching XRP consolidate while seeking asymmetric early exposure, research Bitcoin Hyper’s presale terms before the current stage closes.

The post XRP Price Prediction: XRP Regains Momentum After Reclaiming Key Support appeared first on Cryptonews.

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XRP (XRP) is holding above the $1.00 support zone amid a broader downturn. Yet, on-chain activity is rising. 

New wallet, whale, and exchange-traded fund (ETF) activity suggest users are stepping in while the price looks fragile, pointing to demand below the surface.

XRP Price Slump Meets Steady Demand

XRP, like the broader market, has seen notable declines this month. The altcoin touched a 19-month low of $1.01 on June 25. It now trades near $1.05, down 0.18% over the past day.

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Yet, on-chain data paint a different picture. Santiment reported that the XRP Ledger added 4,941 new wallets in a single day, marking its strongest network growth in more than three months.

Social sentiment has also flipped bullish. The positive/negative social ratio reached 3.7 positive comments for every bearish one, a three-month high in FOMO, according to Santiment. Traders appear to treat the $1.00 to $1.05 band as a dip-buy area.

“Part of this optimism comes from XRP’s familiar rebound history, ongoing ETF and institutional narratives, and the idea that larger holders have continued building exposure even during ugly price action,” the firm said.

On-Chain Signals Point to Accumulation

On-chain data support that view. Santiment data shows accumulation across all three large cohorts in June despite a 21% price dip. The 10 million to 100 million XRP tier led with 160 million XRP added, the strongest bullish signal of the group.

Smaller cohorts followed. Wallets holding 100,000 to 1 million XRP added 30 million tokens, while those holding 1 million to 10 million XRP gained 20 million tokens. This suggested that large holders continued to accumulate despite the decline.

Institutional demand has also remained resilient. US spot XRP exchange-traded funds (ETFs) attracted $22.99 million in net inflows last week, extending their inflow streak to eight consecutive weeks. 

The new week also began on a positive note, with the funds recording $15.34 million in net inflows on Monday. This trend stands in sharp contrast to Bitcoin and Ethereum ETFs.

Bitcoin ETFs have recorded seven consecutive weeks of net outflows totaling approximately $7.7 billion. Investors pulled another $231 million on Monday.

Ethereum ETFs have also experienced consecutive weekly outflows. XRP ETFs, by contrast, have not recorded a single day of net outflows since June 3, although several sessions have ended with flat flows.

Santiment said the open question is whether this wallet surge converts into sustained buying pressure or fades as short-term FOMO. With XRP sitting so close to $1.00, the coming sessions should reveal which way the on-chain demand breaks.

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The post XRP Demand Builds On-Chain Even as Price Sinks to 19-Month Low appeared first on BeInCrypto.

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Shares of Circle Internet Group (CRCL) fell on Tuesday after Open Standard unveiled Open USD (OUSD), a dollar stablecoin backed by more than 140 companies, including Visa, Mastercard, and Coinbase, that targets the market its USD Coin (USDC) token leads.

The launch puts payment networks, banks, and crypto firms behind a single token. It lands as Circle’s USDC and Tether’s USDT control most of the stablecoin market.

Why Circle’s USDC Faces Pressure

Open USD goes after the enterprise users that drive USDC adoption. Businesses can mint and redeem it for free, and partners keep the earnings on its reserves after a small fee.

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That model strikes at how Circle makes money. Reserve interest produced 99% of its revenue in 2024, its filing shows.

Circle paid Coinbase $908 million that year to distribute USDC. Now Coinbase has joined a rival that lets partners keep those reserve earnings.

Circle stock fell nearly 15% on the news, touching its lowest level of the session. It extended a weak run after Circle’s stock rally from $50 to $129 in six weeks earlier this year.

The bigger risk is distribution. Circle gained ground as USDC overtook Tether in corporate transfers. Yet Open USD’s backers include the networks that move most of that money.

Circle still holds advantages. Its USDC carries regulatory standing in the US and Europe and deep exchange liquidity.

A Consortium Stands Behind Open USD

Open Standard will run the token through an independent board of its partners. Zach Abrams leads the company on an interim basis. He co-founded Bridge, the stablecoin firm Stripe bought for $1.1 billion in 2025.

The backers span finance and technology, from BlackRock and BNY to Google and Shopify. Many already run their own stablecoins or build stablecoin infrastructure firms, echoing Mastercard’s recent stablecoin payment integrations.

Stripe tied its payments business directly to the token.

“Open USD will be the default stablecoin for businesses running on Stripe…” read an excerpt in the announcement, citing Will Gaybrick, president of technology and business at Stripe.

Circle, Tether, and PayPal all sat out the venture. Tether’s USDT leads at about $185 billion and Circle’s USDC follows near $74 billion.

All these notwithstanding, the history is not encouraging for consortiums. Visa, Mastercard, and Stripe each backed Facebook’s Libra stablecoin in 2019, then abandoned it within months under regulatory pressure.

Open USD goes live later this year on Plasma and other chains built for stablecoin payments.

The timing matters for Circle, whose USDC revenue-sharing deal with Coinbase comes up for renewal in August.

The post Circle Stock Falls 15% as New Rival Stablecoin Targets USDC’s Enterprise Users appeared first on BeInCrypto.

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The transitional grace period under the Markets in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) regulation officially ends across the EU on July 1, 2026.

It means that any firm still operating without a MiCA license will be breaking the law.

MiCA Rules Force Crypto Firms to Adjust

The European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA) had ordered all unauthorized digital asset providers to close their businesses before the end of the transition period. The directive formed part of the EU’s MiCA rules that require firms to obtain authorization from a national regulator to continue operating.

Pre-MiCA categorization data suggested that Europe had over 3,000 legitimate virtual asset providers, but now, several exchanges have already announced changes to their European services. For instance, Binance said that it will suspend some of its operations in the market after failing to secure a MiCA license.

In an interview with the Block, former CEO Changpeng Zhao (CZ) revealed that the exchange’s license application in Greece had been “fully compliant” and days away from approval before political forces reportedly forced it to be withdrawn, with journalist Gareth Jenkinson alleging that sources had informed him that Christine Lagarde, the ECB president, had asked Greek authorities not to greenlight the permit.

The company is now seeking the same approval in other EU member states such as France, Ireland, and Latvia.

According to OKX’s European CEO Erald Ghoos, who was quoted in a recent report by CoinDesk, 80% of crypto companies won’t survive MiCA and will be pushed out of the EU completely. Some corroboration was offered in the same report by Dubai lawyer Irina Heaver, who said inquiries from European founders had surged as they weighed relocating to the UAE, where licensing through the Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority can take days instead of months.

For consumers, ESMA urged caution, saying that investors should verify whether their provider appears in the MiCA register and confirm which legal entity is actually holding their assets.

It also added that they should consider transferring funds if their platform remains unauthorized after July 1 since those using unauthorized providers may face reduced legal protections and a greater risk of losing access to their crypto assets.

Trading Surge Reported Elsewhere

But not every signal is pointing toward exodus. While policy analysts debate the theoretical impacts of the new framework, crypto platforms on the ground are already seeing a shift in capital deployment. Konstantins Vasilenko, co-founder and CBDO of Paybis, notes that the new rules are successfully unlocking access to larger institutional participants who require regulatory certainty before deploying capital.

Vasilenko shared directly with CryptoPotato that since securing their MiCA and PSD2 licenses in Latvia this past May, their EU trading volume has surged by 70% quarter-over-quarter, even as transaction counts held steady.

The post MiCA Deadline: New Rules Could Force 80% of Crypto Firms Out of EU appeared first on CryptoPotato.

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Theo, an onchain capital markets platform, has invested $20 million in Fidelity International’s USD Digital Liquidity Fund (FILQ). Theo said the investment makes it the first crypto-native platform to allocate capital to the asset manager’s tokenized fund.

Executed through Sygnum, a Swiss digital asset bank that provides regulated banking, custody and tokenization services for institutional clients, the allocation adds FILQ to Theo’s institutional tokenized Treasury product, thBILL.

FILQ is a Moody’s Aaa-mf-rated tokenized US dollar liquidity fund built on Sygnum’s Desygnate platform that invests in diversified short-term money market instruments designed to preserve capital and liquidity. Chainlink provides onchain net asset value and distribution data for the fund through its Runtime Environment, while JPMorgan receives and approves the daily NAV data, according to the release.

Fidelity International managed $1.06 trillion in total assets as of March 31, according to the company, while Theo said its products have processed more than $1 billion in cumulative trading volume across more than 80,000 users in over 60 countries.

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RWA.xyz data shows FILQ currently manages about $55.1 million in onchain assets, suggesting Theo’s $20 million allocation represents a significant share of the fund.

Source: RWA.xzy

Related: Franklin Templeton launches dedicated crypto division after closing 250 Digital acquisition

Traditional asset managers expand tokenized fund offerings

Tokenized US Treasury products have become the largest segment of the tokenized real-world asset market. According to RWA.xyz, the sector has more than doubled over the past year, growing from about $6.9 billion in distributed value in late June 2025 to approximately $14.6 billion as of late June 2026.

RWA.xyz tracks 83 tokenized Treasury products held by more than 64,000 investors, with offerings from Circle, BlackRock, Ondo, Franklin Templeton and Securitize each managing more than $2 billion in distributed value.

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Tokenized US Treasuries. Source: RWA.xyz

The market’s growth has been accompanied by new fund launches and distribution partnerships from traditional financial firms. In May, JPMorgan launched JLTXX, a tokenized government money market fund on Ethereum (ETH) that invests in US Treasury bills and overnight repurchase agreements.

The following month, Franklin Templeton partnered with MoonPay to expand institutional access to its BENJI tokenized money market fund, allowing eligible institutions to move between supported stablecoins and tokenized fund exposure through an onchain trading workflow.

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