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SEC Allows Broker-Dealers a 2% Haircut on Stablecoins

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The U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s staff provided regulatory clarity last week on how broker-dealers can treat stablecoin holdings for net capital purposes, allowing a 2% haircut rather than applying a full 100% deduction. The guidance appeared as an official posting in the SEC’s “Frequently Asked Questions Relating to Crypto Asset Activities and Distributed Ledger Technology,” a living document used to address practical questions about handling crypto assets within traditional market infrastructure. The change comes after broker-dealers faced ambiguity about whether stablecoins—cryptocurrency tokens pegged to the US dollar—should count toward capital requirements. Commissioner Hester Peirce publicly welcomed the middle-ground approach, arguing a 100% haircut would be unduly punitive given the reserves backing these coins. The policy frames stablecoins more like cash-equivalents in balance sheets, a move that could unlock broader participation in tokenized securities and related crypto activities, without compromising the capital backbone of broker-dealers.

Key takeaways

  • The SEC staff’s FAQ clarifies that broker-dealers may apply a 2% haircut to stablecoins when calculating net capital, reducing the capital impact compared with a full haircut.
  • The guidance positions stablecoins closer to money-market-like instruments, linking their treatment to the reserves backing the tokens and their role in settlement rails.
  • Illustratively, a broker-dealer holding $100 million in stablecoins could count $98 million toward net capital under the new guidance.
  • Commissioner Peirce described the stance as measured, noting that a 100% haircut would be punitive relative to the underlying assets backing payment-stable coins.
  • The development coincides with growing stablecoin traction in the United States, even as some officials question practical use cases and regulatory implications.

Tickers mentioned:

Sentiment: Neutral

Market context: The move reflects ongoing regulatory adjustments as stablecoins gain ground in US markets, spurred in part by recent legislation and ongoing debates about the role of crypto in mainstream finance.

Why it matters

The haircut clarification matters because it reduces the capital burden on broker-dealers that wish to hold and potentially utilize stablecoins in a broader set of activities, including trading and settlement of tokenized securities. By treating stablecoins more like cash equivalents, broker-dealers can allocate a portion of their stablecoin holdings toward capital requirements with a smaller drag on liquidity. That has implications for how these institutions manage risk, liquidity, and regulatory capital, potentially enabling more cost-effective participation in digital-asset markets.

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From a risk-management perspective, the 2% haircut aligns with the notion that stablecoins mirror short-duration, high-quality reserve assets—the same logic used to justify the treatment of money market funds. The guidance thus reduces a prior barrier to using stablecoins for on-chain settlement and liquidity provisioning in tokenized markets. It also dovetails with industry commentary about stablecoins enabling more efficient cross-asset transactions and broader adoption of on-chain finance in mainstream trading desks.

“Stablecoins are essential to transacting on blockchain rails. Using stablecoins will make it feasible for broker-dealers to engage in a broader range of business activities relating to tokenized securities and other crypto assets.”

While the SEC clarification is a positive signal for market participants seeking clearer capital rules, it does not replace comprehensive regulatory rulemaking or policy debates. The guidance is a staff-level interpretation, not a formal amendment to net capital rules, meaning future adjustments could still occur as regulators evaluate risks, reserve adequacy, and systemic implications. Nevertheless, the response from industry observers has been to view the move as a meaningful step toward practical use-cases for stablecoins within regulated financial infrastructures.

Beyond the regulatory text, market dynamics around stablecoins have remained a focal point. Data tracked by RWA.XYZ shows a stablecoin market capitalization that has hovered in the high hundreds of billions, with fluctuations tied to sentiment, regulatory developments, and policy signals. The GENIUS stablecoin bill, signed into law in July 2025 by the US President, was widely seen as a landmark in digital-asset policy, spurring a surge in interest and activity around regulated stablecoin frameworks. The market cap climbed after the signing, reaching a reported peak above $300 billion in December 2025 and a current level around $295 billion. This trajectory illustrates how regulatory clarity and legislative actions can influence the adoption and liquidity of digital-asset primitives like stablecoins.

Yet not everyone in the policy community is sold on the immediate practical value of stablecoins. Neel Kashkari, president of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis, has dismissed broad utility claims for crypto and stablecoins, at least in the sense of everyday financial transactions. In a public remarks sequence, he questioned what advantage stablecoins offer beyond existing payment rails, a stance that underscores the ongoing debate about the real-world use cases for digital assets in the U.S. financial system. The tension between regulation that enables innovation and skepticism about the utility of crypto assets as payment instruments continues to shape the regulatory narrative.

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The weekend chatter among industry observers and crypto-analysts highlighted the significance of the SEC’s clarification for market participants seeking to align risk controls with evolving capital requirements. The reaction on social platforms and among executives underscored that the guidance, while incremental, could unlock a more expansive role for stablecoins in large financial operations, particularly as broker-dealers explore new settlement mechanisms, collateral arrangements, and asset tokenization ventures. In a market where headlines can rapidly influence liquidity and pricing, even modest shifts in capital treatment can ripple through trading desks, liquidity pools, and balance sheet strategies across the traditional-crypto interface.

What to watch next

  • Whether the SEC issues additional formal guidance or rules clarifying net capital treatment for other crypto assets beyond stablecoins.
  • Broker-dealer adoption: how quickly institutions incorporate the 2% haircut guidance into internal risk models and capital planning.
  • Regulatory dialogues around stablecoins’ reserve assets and disclosure standards, particularly in relation to the GENIUS framework and related legislation.
  • Monitoring shifts in market liquidity and settlement activity as broker-dealers experiment with stablecoins for tokenized-securities trading and other crypto-asset workflows.
  • Further public commentary from policymakers, including any updates on the perspectives of central banks regarding crypto-like payments and reserve structures.

Sources & verification

  • SEC staff guidance: “Frequently Asked Questions Relating to Crypto Asset Activities and Distributed Ledger Technology.” https://www.sec.gov/rules-regulations/staff-guidance/trading-markets-frequently-asked-questions/frequently-asked-questions-relating-crypto-asset-activities-distributed-ledger-technology
  • SEC Commissioner Hester Peirce speech on stablecoins and capital requirements: https://www.sec.gov/newsroom/speeches-statements/peirce-stablecoin-021926-cutting-two-would-do
  • SEC staff clarification page referenced in coverage: https://www.sec.gov/rules-regulations/staff-guidance/trading-markets-frequently-asked-questions/frequently-asked-questions-relating-crypto-asset-activities-distributed-ledger-technology
  • RWA.XYZ stablecoins data: https://app.rwa.xyz/stablecoins
  • Trump signs GENIUS stablecoin bill into law: https://cointelegraph.com/news/donald-trump-stablecoin-law-signed
  • Associated Press video of the GENIUS signing: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FHD1G9UkCAU
  • Marc Baumann LinkedIn post on the SEC guidance impact: https://www.linkedin.com/posts/marcphilippeb_%F0%9D%97%9D%F0%9D%97%A8%F0%9D%97%A6%F0%9D%97%A7-%F0%9D%97%9C%F0%9D%97%A1-the-sec-just-quietly-put-activity-7431070237011165184-oEfq?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_desktop&rcm=ACoAAACDbMEBdyjl2O5sxzEsy9aglmivyOPP2qs

SEC clarifies 2% haircut rule for broker-dealers’ stablecoins

The publication of the SEC staff’s Frequently Asked Questions on crypto asset activities and distributed ledger technology marks a notable point in the ongoing evolution of regulatory clarity around digital assets used in traditional financial infrastructure. By allowing broker-dealers to apply a modest 2% haircut to their stablecoin holdings when calculating net capital, the staff provides a practical path forward for integrating stablecoins into regulated markets without forcing sharp, punitive reductions in capital buffers. The guidance explicitly references the Reserve- and asset-backed nature of stablecoins and positions these tokens as potential collateral and settlement assets that can support a broader spectrum of financial activities within the broker-dealer ecosystem.

In explaining the rationale, Peirce’s remarks emphasize the importance of avoiding unnecessarily punitive treatment that could hinder innovation. While the agency’s statement stops short of broad policy changes, it offers a concrete interpretive framework that market participants can incorporate into risk management, liquidity planning, and product development. The 2% haircut aligns with the conceptual approach of treating stablecoins similarly to money market instruments, which typically occupy a lower tier of capital risk in traditional finance. This alignment could lower barriers to using stablecoins as a practical tool in rapid settlement and collateralization for tokenized assets, potentially accelerating the adoption of blockchain-enabled workflows in regulated environments.

From a market perspective, the move arrives at a moment when the stablecoin sector has demonstrated resilience and growth, even as public officials debate the broader role of crypto assets in the financial system. The GENIUS law’s passage in mid-2025 and the subsequent market dynamics around stablecoins have illustrated both regulatory appetite for a clear framework and the continuing question of how these instruments will function alongside conventional payment rails. While some policymakers remain skeptical about the immediate utility of crypto-based payment methods—as reflected in cautious remarks by figures like the Federal Reserve’s Kashkari—the sector’s measured regulatory progress signals a potential for more defined, scalable usage in professional finance. As broker-dealers begin to implement and test the new haircut guidance, observers will watch for practical enrollment, risk controls, and any regulatory updates that accompany evolving supervision of digital assets.

Risk & affiliate notice: Crypto assets are volatile and capital is at risk. This article may contain affiliate links. Read full disclosure

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The S&P 500 is officially coming to crypto with its first-ever 24/7 perpetual futures product

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The S&P 500 is officially coming to crypto with its first-ever 24/7 perpetual futures product

S&P Dow Jones Indices announced Wednesday that it is bringing the S&P 500 to the blockchain via the Hyperliquid platform, making it easier for investors to trade the most widely tracked equity index 24 hours a day.

The company said it licensed its flagship stock index to Trade[XYZ], which is launching the first officially approved S&P 500 perpetual contract on the Hyperliquid blockchain.

In simple terms, this means eligible non-U.S. investors can trade the S&P 500 onchain, around the clock, without using traditional stock exchanges.

Perpetual futures contracts, or “perps,” are derivative instruments without expiration dates that allow investors to place bets on an asset’s price without owning it, using funding rates, typically every few hours, to keep prices aligned with spot markets. Their infinite duration (perpetual futures contracts never expire, unlike traditional contracts), high-leverage options, and round-the-clock access have made them extremely popular in the crypto space and have generated billions in daily trading volume across exchanges.

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For the S&P 500, it is the first time it has been turned into a perpetual product with official backing from S&P. It also uses the firm’s real-time index data, bringing a more traditional finance standard into crypto trading. This guarantees the accuracy of index trading while the traditional market remains closed.

S&P says the goal is to expand where and how its indexes can be used. “This collaboration expands access” to its benchmarks in digital markets, said S&P’s Chief Product Officer Cameron Drinkwater.

24//7 trading

The move opens the door for non-U.S. investors to get leveraged exposure to the S&P 500 through a blockchain-based platform.

For example, if big macro news hits on the weekend, when the market is closed, traders traditionally need to speculate on how the S&P 500 will move on Monday, when the market opens. However, with these new perpetual contracts, traders can place bets immediately and with accuracy as soon as news breaks. Recently, crypto traders were able to trade oil futures on decentralized exchange Hyperliquid on a weekend, when the first missile hit Iran, while traditional oil markets remained closed.

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Trade[XYZ] runs on Hyperliquid, a decentralized network built for fast trading. The platform says its markets are always open, unlike stock exchanges that close after hours and on weekends. XYZ markets have exceeded $100 billion since October, with an annualized run rate of more than $600 billion.

The news seems to have helped HYPE, the native token of the Hyperliquid platform. The token is up 2.2% over the past 24 hours, 14.2% over the past 7 days, and 35.5% over the past month. Hyperliquid has recently become a crypto trader’s favorite platform for trading markets outside traditional finance.

Recently, Maelstrom CIO and BitMEX Co-Founder Arthur Hayes said traders are increasingly using Hyperliquid to access markets unavailable on traditional platforms, noting that the HYPE token could reach $150, citing the platform’s strong revenue, real trading activity, and disciplined token supply.

Trade[XYZ] said the S&P 500 is just the starting point as it looks to bring more traditional assets onchain. “The S&P 500 is a natural starting point. It represents the most widely tracked equity index on earth and has been the defining benchmark for global equities for decades,” said Collins Belton, chief operating officer and general counsel of Trade[XYZ]’s parent company.

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The announcement builds on S&P DJI’s prior decentralized finance initiatives, including its recent launch of the S&P Digital Markets 50 index, the company said.

Read more: 2026 Marks the Inflection Point for 24/7 Capital Markets

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Ethereum Foundation Deposits Another $7.5M in ETH From Its Treasury into Morpho

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Ethereum Foundation Deposits Another $7.5M in ETH From Its Treasury into Morpho

The move follows the EF’s first deployment into the DeFi lending protocol in October, and is part of its updated treasury policy.

The Ethereum Foundation has deposited another 3,400 ETH — worth roughly $7.5 million at today’s prices, near $2,220 — into DeFi lending protocol Morpho, with 1,000 ETH allocated specifically to Morpho Vaults V2, according to a X post from the EF today, March 18.

The move follows an initial deployment in October 2025, when the EF put 2,400 ETH (~$5.3 million) and approximately $6 million in stablecoins into the protocol — bringing the Foundation’s total Morpho commitment to just under $19 million to date.

According to the post, the DeFi deployments are a direct expression of the EF’s refreshed treasury policy, first unveiled in June 2025, which codified a new “Defipunk” framework to guide on-chain capital allocation.

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As The Defiant reported at the time, the policy signaled that DeFi was no longer a sideshow for the Foundation — it was putting its ETH where its mouth is, prioritizing permissionless, immutable, audited protocols aligned with cypherpunk values over passive ETH sales to cover operations.

The EF also elaborated on why it chose to deploy in Morpho, and in particular praised Morpho Vaults V2, which launched in September. The Foundation cited the product’s GPL-2.0 open-source license — a deliberate choice, it noted, that makes the codebase permanently able to be audited and forked.

Crucially, Vaults V2’s core contracts are immutable: no admin keys, no upgrade mechanisms, no emergency switches. “The true cypherpunk infrastructure doesn’t ask you to trust its builders, and it removes the need entirely,” the Foundation wrote in its X announcement.

According to DefiLlama, Morpho is currently the second-largest DeFi lending protocol behind Aave, with a total total value locked (TVL) of over $6.9 billion. The protocol has attracted significant institutional interest in recent months, including a deal for Apollo Global Management — which manages nearly $940 billion in assets — to acquire up to 9% of Morpho’s 1 billion total token supply over four years.

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The EF framed the Morpho allocation as a question of ecosystem direction:

“What kind of DeFi ecosystem is Ethereum aiming to support, and how should it weigh short-term performance against long-term resilience and openness? Choices like licensing and architecture may seem small, but they shape which of these paths remain viable over time.”

The treasury move comes amid a busy stretch for the Foundation. Just last week, the EF published its 38-page EF Mandate, which sparked debate in the community over whether the Foundation risks taking a backseat at a critical moment for institutional adoption.

In February the EF also pledged to deepen its support for privacy-first, permissionless DeFi, forming a dedicated internal unit to support builders adhering to those principles. The Morpho deposit suggests the commitment is more than rhetorical.

This article was written with the assistance of AI workflows. All our stories are curated, edited and fact-checked by a human.

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Views for next Fed rate cut pushed back after hot inflation report

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Views for next Fed rate cut pushed back after hot inflation report

Construction work continues at the Marriner S. Eccles Federal Reserve building in Washington, DC, on Dec. 30, 2025.

Brendan Smialowski | AFP | Getty Images

A hotter-than-expected wholesale inflation reading for February had traders contemplating the possibility that the Federal Reserve won’t be lowering interest rates at all this year.

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Following a Bureau of Labor Statistics report that the producer price index posted its biggest gain in a year, futures markets took any realistic chance of a cut off the table until at least December.

Even then, odds of a reduction at the final Fed meeting of the year fell to about 60% as persistently higher inflation — brought on by tariffs, the Iran war and elevated services costs — will keep the central bank on hold. The PPI report came just hours before the Federal Open Market Committee was to release its latest interest rate decision.

The wholesale inflation reading “likely reinforces a hold decision by the Federal Reserve later today but tilts the risk toward a more hawkish tone in today’s FOMC” statement, said Eugenio Aleman, chief economist at Raymond James. “Even if rates are left unchanged and we see multiple dissents, the messaging may lean toward ‘higher for longer,’ especially with energy inflation set to re-enter the picture in coming months.”

Prior to the war that began Feb. 28, traders had been looking for interest rate cuts in both June and September, with an outside possibility of one more in December as the Fed sought to balance its dual mandate of stable prices and low unemployment.

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But odds for a June cut have now slumped to just 18.4%, July is down to 31.5% and September to 43.6%, according to the CME’s FedWatch tool, which calculates probabilities using 30-day fed funds futures contracts.

Low conviction

Chances for a December reduction were at 60.5%, indicating that traders are leaning toward a cut, though with a relatively low level of conviction. Historically, the 60% level or above has been associated with Fed moves in either direction.

Futures are implying a 3.43% fed funds rate by the end of 2026, compared to the current level of 3.64%.

To be sure, trading in fed funds futures is volatile, and the Fed could be pushed back into an easing stance if the labor market weakens further. Fed Governors Stephen Miran and Christopher Waller have been advocating for immediate cuts, though the rest of the committee seems more inclined to hold rates where they are until the economic picture clears.

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Correction: The Iran war began Feb. 28. A previous version misstated the country’s name.

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SBI VC Trade Launches USDC Lending Service for Japan Users

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SBI VC Trade Launches USDC Lending Service for Japan Users

SBI Holdings’ digital asset arm, SBI VC Trade, said it will launch a USDC lending service in Japan on Thursday, allowing retail users to lend stablecoins to the platform under fixed-term agreements in exchange for returns.

On Wednesday, the company said users will be able to lend Circle’s USDC (USDC) stablecoin to the platform and receive interest payments, with a maximum application of 5,000 USDC per offering. The product is structured as a loan to SBI VC Trade rather than a deposit, meaning users take direct counterparty risk. SBI said it may also re-lend the borrowed USDC as part of its operations.

The launch marks a further step in Japan’s stablecoin rollout, bringing a consumer-accessible USDC yield product to market through a licensed domestic platform.

SBI said the product is intended as an alternative to traditional US dollar deposits in Japan, though, unlike bank deposits, segregation protections do not cover user assets and may not be fully recoverable in the event of insolvency. Users are also unable to withdraw or transfer funds during the fixed lending term, limiting their ability to respond to market conditions.

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Translated table comparing tax treatment of USDC lending and foreign currency deposits in Japan. Source: SBI VC Trade

SBI expands stablecoin footprint

The launch follows an initial announcement in November, when SBI VC Trade said it planned to launch a USDC lending product and was exploring exchange-traded fund (ETF) products, according to Reuters. 

The development comes as SBI has been expanding its stablecoin strategy. SBI VC Trade began a full-scale USDC launch in Japan on March 26, 2025, after receiving regulatory approval earlier that month. Circle said the approval made USDC the first approved global dollar stablecoin for use in Japan.

Related: SBI Holdings targets majority stake in Singapore crypto exchange Coinhako

On Aug. 22, SBI announced the establishment of a joint venture with Circle, aiming to promote the use of USDC in Japan and create new use cases for the stablecoin in digital finance. 

On Dec. 16, the company partnered with Startale to develop a regulated yen-denominated stablecoin aimed at tokenized assets and global settlement, with a planned launch in the second quarter of 2026.

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