Researchers have discovered a muscle-targeted therapy that could help protect muscle during weight loss treatment.
Weight loss medication has become widely popular over the past couple of years as it helps users cut out food noise and reduce their intake. However, there has been a growing concern these treatments that lead to rapid weight loss could also lead to loss of muscle.
In order to combat this, a new study suggests taking an additional medicine alongside the weight loss injections may help reduce the risk of muscle loss. For the research, a muscle-targeted therapy called apitegromab was tested to compare the effects on current jab users.
Apitegromab is an antibody that stops the activation of myostatin, which is a protein that regulates muscle mass. If the myostatin is activated it can inhibit muscle growth, which could later lead to fragility and issues with metabolism if left untreated.
Previous studies have found an absence of this gene has been associated with an increase in muscle strength and mass. To see how this antibody would work on weight loss injection users, researchers examined data from 102 adults taking weekly jab Mounjaro, otherwise known as tirzepatide.
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For the study, half of the group was given apitegromab alongside the jab while the other half were given a placebo which wouldn’t change the outcome of their results of using Mounjaro alone. The results found both groups saw similar overall weight loss.
However, people who took apitegromab alongside Mounjaro were found to lose significantly less lean mass, around 1.9kg less, in six months in comparison to those who took the placebo.
The study, which was led by experts from AdventHealth Translational Research Institute in the US, found lean mass accounts for 14.6 per cent of total weight loss in the apitegromab group.
According to phase two of the study, which was published in the Nature Medicine journal, this is almost half of the lean mass weight loss in the placebo group – which sat at 30.2 per cent.
While the findings seem promising, the researchers have called for more work to help confirm their findings on a larger scale.
However, they did state the study demonstrates “clinical proof of concept for a highly selective anti-myostatin antibody to preserve lean mass with tirzepatide therapy”.
Commenting on the study, Dr Marie Spreckley, from the University of Cambridge, said: “These findings suggest that apitegromab may improve the composition of weight loss by preserving lean mass while maintaining similar overall weight reduction.
“This is an important area of research because substantial weight loss, whether achieved through medication, dietary interventions or bariatric surgery, is often accompanied by some loss of lean mass.
“Strategies that help preserve lean mass while maintaining the benefits of weight reduction are of considerable interest, but whether they improve longer-term health outcomes remains to be established.”
She added: “Importantly, although apitegromab preserved lean mass, the study did not demonstrate clear improvements in physical function or cardiometabolic outcomes over the 24-week treatment period.
“Preserving lean mass is biologically plausible and potentially beneficial, but larger and longer studies will be needed to determine whether these changes translate into meaningful improvements in strength, physical function, quality of life, or long-term health outcomes.”

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