Mentari, who is as tall as a traffic cone, was born at Chester Zoo at the end of June

Chester Zoo has announced the birth of the world’s smallest buffalo – standing at just 50cm tall and weighing 7kg.

Mentari, a rare anoa dwarf buffalo, was was born at Chester Zoo on June 27 after Mum Darcy’s ten-month pregnancy.

The tiny arrival – who is the height of a traffic cone – could grow to weigh up to 300kg (47st) and stand a metre tall when fully grown.

Click here for the latest on Greater Manchester’s politics in our newsletter

Adorable pictures show the calf taking her first steps while being watched by proud mum Darcy.

Emma Evison, Team Manager at the zoo, said: “Mum Darcy and her new baby are doing brilliantly.

“After spending her first couple of weeks bonding with mum in the safety of their cosy den, the little one has grown in strength and confidence and is now beginning to explore the outside world.

“She’s already showing plenty of personality and seeing her take those first steps outside is a real privilege – it’s something very few people will ever get the chance to witness.

“Every anoa birth is hugely important for the future of this endangered species.”

Only 2,500 anoa are thought to be remaining in the wild, and the species is listed as endangered by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

Lowland anoa are found in the forests and swamps of a single Indonesian island, Sulawesi, and their numbers are dwindling thanks to poachers and habit loss.

The species is considered the smallest buffalo, while wild water buffalo are four times bigger at 2m (6.6ft) tall and weighing up to 1,200kg.

Chester Zoo is also part of a wider global partnership working to secure a future for anoas.

Amy Humphreys, South East Asia field conservationist, said: “Our aim is to make sure the precious genetic diversity of these amazing animals is not lost forever.

“To do this, our plans include scientific monitoring of anoas, new local education programmes in Indonesia, raising global awareness of the threats anoas face, and coordinating conservation breeding programmes.

“This new calf, born as part of that international effort, will now go on to play an important role in protecting the future of her species.”

Taylor Swift‘s decade-long friendship with Blake Lively finally imploded after the actress allegedly threatened to expose years of the superstar singer’s most intimate secrets unless she lied about Blake’s Super Bowl snub in 2025, the Daily Mail can reveal. 

Lively, 37, who famously watched the 2024 Super Bowl alongside Swift from her now husband Travis Kelce‘s VIP suite, was noticeably absent when the Kansas City Chiefs returned to the NFL championship game in New Orleans the following February. 

At the time, speculation of a falling out between the two best friends had reached fever pitch after Swift, 36, had been sensationally dragged into Lively’s bitter legal battle with It Ends With Us co-star Justin Baldoni. 

Sources familiar with the fallout now tell the Daily Mail Lively was livid and so humiliated by being left off the Super Bowl guest list she allegedly demanded – through her legal team – that Swift make a social media post about how much she regretted that Blake couldn’t join her to cheer on her boyfriend Travis.  

The proposed message, insiders tell the Daily Mail, was intended to address Lively’s unexplained absence and give the impression there was no rift between the pair, and would read along the lines of: ‘So sad, my bestie couldn’t come to the Super Bowl.’

And if Swift refused, went the thinly veiled threat, Lively possessed ‘ten years’ worth’ of private text messages and conversations chronicling her high-profile failed romances and other personal moments she would release to the public.

Taylor Swift returned to support her now husband at the Super Bowl the following year, where her one-time bestie was noticeably absent 

The new revelation sheds fresh light on the allegations that first surfaced during Lively and Baldoni’s legal dispute last year, when the actor’s attorney Bryan Freedman alleged in filings to the court that Lively’s lawyers had tried to pressure Swift into publicly siding with the actress.  

In a May 14 letter to Judge Lewis J. Liman Freeman asserted that a ‘source who is highly likely to have reliable information’ told him that Lively’s lawyers allegedly made ‘extortionate threats’ to the law firm representing Swift, demanding the singer ‘release a statement of support’ for Lively.

It further alleged that Lively had intimated that, if ‘Swift refused to do so, private text messages of a personal nature in Ms Lively’s possession would be released’.

Lively’s lawyer, Michael Gottlieb, vehemently denied the allegations saying: ‘This is categorically false. We unequivocally deny all of these so-called allegations, which are cowardly sourced to supposed anonymous sources, and completely untethered from reality.’

But Freedman then doubled down on the allegations by filing to the court a signed affidavit under the penalty of perjury to shed more light on his unnamed source and more details about the allegations.

The bombshell allegations were included in a publicly filed affidavit by Freedman that was later withdrawn after the judge ruled it was ‘improper’ and ‘irrelevant to any issue before this Court.’

The superstar singer was seen accompanied by rapper Ice Spice, Alana and Este Haim, and Ashley Avignone, sparking speculation that she and Lively were on the outs 

Advertisement

Swift and Lively had been close friends since 2015

According to insiders, Lively’s alleged Super Bowl ultimatum became the final straw, ending their decade-long relationship.

‘It was the ultimate blow to their friendship,’ the source told the Daily Mail. 

‘The threat to expose Taylor’s most intimate confidences unless she posted something to explain why Blake was missing at the Super Bowl was outrageous.

‘There was no going back from that.’

A source close to Lively told the Daily Mail: ‘Blake has never threatened to leak Taylor’s personal or private text messages.’ 

A representative for Swift declined to comment. 

Although Swift had repeatedly attempted to distance herself from the drama with Baldoni, she inevitably found herself subpoenaed for communications relating to the case by his lawyers. 

As the lawsuit escalated, the Daily Mail can now reveal, Lively also asked Swift to delete the private messages exchanged between them, as noted in Freeman’s affidavit.

Sources say Lively was furious that she was not invited to Swift’s VIP suite for the 2025 Super Bowl 

Once BFFs, Lively’s absence from the wedding illustrated the painful toll her legal battle with Justin Baldoni took on her friendship with Swift;  Lively and Swift seen in 2023 

Lively wanted Swift to release a statement expressing her support for the actress in her legal battle with Baldoni, filings revealed 

Advertisement

According to the insider, Lively’s concern was that the texts would ‘prove’ there was ‘never any mention of any sexual improprieties’ by Baldoni, after she claimed to be a victim of sexual harassment. 

‘There was only her bitching about how much she hated Justin and wanting Taylor to come to her apartment to scare this dickhead director,’ the source told the Daily Mail. 

Ultimately the Daily Mail revealed that person who provided the information about the alleged threats – first identified as ‘a person very closely linked to Taylor Swift’ – was none other than the pop star’s 74-year-old father Scott Swift after becoming concerned his daughter was being pulled into the ugly legal war.

Scott seemingly didn’t take this alleged apparent attempt to extort his 35-year-old daughter lightly, and decided to take matters into his own hands by cooperating with Baldoni and Freedman in order to protect Swift from any further legal involvement. 

Taylor’s dad, who has long managed many of her business affairs, ‘voluntarily gave up this information as part of a deal that would include [Baldoni’s team] withdrawing their subpoena for Taylor,’ sources said at the time. 

Freedman argued in court documents that their subpoena request aimed to obtain information ‘relating to witness tampering and evidence spoliation’ – specifically that Lively had attempted to ‘coerce’ Swift into publicly siding with her in her lawsuit against Baldoni. 

Scott Swift ‘voluntarily gave up this information as part of a deal that would include Wayfarer withdrawing their subpoena for Taylor,’ the source explained

Swift’s team then responded to Gossip Girl star Lively’s ‘inappropriate and apparently extortionate threats in at least one written communication’ sent to Gottlieb, according to the document.

‘It is those communications that [Baldoni’s team] seeks to obtain by way of subpoena, as they would evidence an attempt to intimidate and coerce a percipient witness in this litigation,’ the letter stated.

The actress’s lawyers later filed a motion asking the court to strike the accusations from its docket as ‘baseless, unnecessary, improper and abusive.’ The motion to dismiss the letter was granted. 

Months later, in October, a judge dismissed Baldoni’s case, and in May of this year, after a judge dismissed most of Lively’s claims, she finally agreed to settle the case with Baldoni but later sued him for $8 million in legal fees. He is fighting that claim.

And any lingering hopes that the former besties would one day reconcile were dashed earlier this month when Swift married NFL star boyfriend Travis Kelce in a lavish July 3 ceremony at Madison Square Garden. 

The bride and groom welcomed a star-studded guest list to the celebrations, which were officiated by Adam Sandler and featured performances from Stevie Nicks, Paul McCartney, and in a surprise for guests, the bride herself. 

Swift and Kelce wed in a blockbuster wedding that did not include Lively or her husband Ryan Reynolds; Swift and Kelce seen in 2026

Conspicuously absent, however, were Lively and her husband Ryan Reynolds, who for years had been among the couple’s closest celebrity friends and were once considered fixtures in Swift’s inner circle. 

Earlier this month, a source familiar with the situation told the Daily Mail Lively was devastated she was not invited. 

Lively is ‘sad and a little bit p***ed. No, a lot p***ed,’ said the insider. ‘That friendship was over before but if there was hope, it’s gone. They’ll never be friends again.’ 

Rather than celebrating with Swift and hundreds of A-list guests in Manhattan, Lively spent the weekend hundreds of miles away in Lake Placid, New York where she and Reynolds were photographed supporting their six-year-old daughter Betty as she competed in a horse show. 

Pregnant Leigh-Anne Pinnock bedazzled her bare baby bump as she took to the stage at Pride on the Park in Brighton on Saturday. 

The former Little Mix singer, 34, turned heads as she showed off her growing bump in a halterneck yellow bra top as she performed for the crowd. 

Styling her dark locks loose, Leigh-Anne donned a pair of oversized floral trousers which she teamed with a cow print belt. 

The My Love songstress kept comfortable in a pair of taupe boots as she broke out into an energetic dance routine. 

The singer, who shares twin daughters with her husband Andre Gray, announced that they are expecting a third child together last month. 

The gig comes after Leigh-Anne revealed she would be sharing more of her pregnancy by launching a Patreon.

The former Little Mix singer, 34, turned heads as she showed off her growing bump in a halterneck yellow bra top as she performed for the crowd

Patreon is a membership platform that lets fans support content creators through a regular monthly subscription.

Taking to her Instagram, the former Little Mix star announced the exciting news.

Sharing a series of clips of her documenting her blossoming bump, Leigh-Anne then sat down in front of the camera to chat with her followers.

She said: ‘Welcome to my Patreon. I am so excited to start this. 

‘I’m expecting my third child. I thought it would be really amazing to bring you on that journey with me; there’s so much that goes unsaid with pregnancy.

‘I’m super excited to share this journey with you.’

Alongside the post, the hitmaker penned: ‘So many of you were asking to see more of my pregnancy journey and now you can!

‘I’m excited to announce I’ve started a Patreon to share more of my pregnancy, bump updates, everyday life and all of the things in between as i prepare to be a mum of three. 

‘This is going to be a complete safe space to be open and honest, share advice and give you a little more insight into life right now.

‘For more information check out the link in my bio and stories x.’

Patreon is a membership platform that lets fans support content creators through a regular monthly subscription.

Styling her dark locks loose, Leigh-Anne donned a pair of oversized floral trousers which she teamed with a cow print belt

The My Love songstress kept comfortable in a pair of taupe boots as she broke out into an energetic dance routine

The star was all smiles as she performed for the crowd

The singer, who shares twin daughters with her husband Andre Gray, announced that they are expecting a third child together last month

Advertisement

The pregnant star played a number of her hits at Preston Park in Brighton 

Leigh-Anne appeared in her element as she danced around the stage 

Leigh-Anne announced her pregnancy in a sweet social media video whilst recording music in her studio.

Leigh-Anne joyfully wrote: ‘As one chapter ends, another begins.’

The singer and her footballer husband welcomed their twin daughters, four, in August 2021.

After displaying her blossoming baby bump, Leigh-Anne’s former bandmates Jade Thirlwall and Perrie Edwards shared their excitement in the comments.

‘Love you and your beautiful family,’ Jade wrote while Perrie commented heart eye emojis.

Leigh-Anne tied the knot with Andre in June 2023 after welcoming their twins together.

Leigh-Anne previously revealed she had been betrayed by Andre.

Speaking to Paloma Faith on her Mad, Sad and Bad podcast, Leigh-Anne said: ‘I went through a bit of a weird time with my husband actually and I think that sort of not being totally honest and losing trust and that kind of betrayal.

‘I think like heartbreak is wild, like it’s awful and especially someone that you’re so madly in love with and that they can hurt you.’

The singer explained how footballer Andre realised he was being ‘selfish’ after he moved abroad to Greece to play for Aris Thessaloniki.

She continued: ‘Well, I think that person has to want to change and he did. And I think you can go through things in a relationship but if they aren’t willing to change for you, forget it.

‘They have to do the work and they have to turn it around because again it’s not you, it’s not on you.

The singer is expecting her third child with husband Andre Gray (pictured at Wimbledon)

‘He went to therapy and I think for us what really helped for us, he started playing abroad and he had more time to himself to kind of look and realise that everything that he was doing was not how you make a relationship work, it’s not. It’s selfish.’

She also said the footballer ‘went out of his way’ to change for her, which led to her learning the ‘power of forgiveness’.

When she was asked what she has learnt about heartbreak, Leigh-Anne admitted she was still with the person who broke her heart.

She said: ‘Some people might say, oh well why are you still with them? Or why are you still giving them another chance? I guess that can be seen as a weakness and not putting yourself first but I think only you know what is truly right for you.’

Leigh-Anne went on to say the couple got through the ‘struggles’ and now they are in a ‘really beautiful place’.

She continued: ‘If that person can really show that they want to change, you cannot change somebody but if they go out of their way to change themselves I really do think that kind of tells you everything you need to know.

‘For me personally I had to go through these struggles and things in our relationship to get to the point where we are now, which is a really beautiful place.’

BOGOTA, Colombia (AP) — Colombia’s government said nationwide deforestation increased slightly in 2025 but that it had still surpassed its four-year target to reduce forest loss under President Gustavo Petro, with pressure on the Amazon remaining largely unchanged in the administration’s final year.

The Environment Ministry and IDEAM, the country’s meteorological agency, said late Friday that Colombia lost 119,483 hectares (295,000 acres) of forest in 2025 — about the size of Los Angeles. That was a 5% increase from the previous year.

Officials emphasized that despite the increase, forest loss remained 31% below 2021 levels, surpassing the government’s goal of reducing annual deforestation by at least 20% from that baseline.

While Colombia has kept deforestation well below 2021 levels, the latest figures underscore how difficult it has been to sustain the dramatic reductions achieved in 2023. Illegal land grabbing, cattle ranching and expanding infrastructure continue to put heavy pressure on the Amazon, even as authorities say they are increasingly targeting the criminal networks that profit from clearing the rainforest.

Petro, who leaves office next week, made protecting the Amazon a cornerstone of his environmental agenda. His administration also passed a landmark cattle traceability law aimed at preventing beef linked to illegal deforestation from entering supply chains.

The figures provide a benchmark for the incoming government of President-elect Abelardo de la Espriella, who has pledged to expand oil and mining development while reviewing several of Petro’s environmental policies.

The 2025 statistics were released after weeks of criticism from incoming Environment Minister Fabio Arjona, who accused the outgoing government in a post on X of delaying publication, saying it had withheld the figures because it knew “the scenario is tragic.”

The figures paint a more nuanced picture than the government’s announcement suggests. After Colombia reached a record low in deforestation in 2023, forest loss rose 43% in 2024, reversing much of those gains. While the increase slowed markedly this year, deforestation remains well above the historic low recorded two years ago.

More than 65% of Colombia’s forest loss again occurred in the Amazon, where 77,805 hectares (192,000 acres) were cleared in 2025, virtually unchanged from the 77,124 hectares reported in 2024.

The government’s monitoring system identified 10 active deforestation hot spots concentrated in the northwestern Amazon.

The municipalities with the highest levels of deforestation were Cartagena del Chaira in Caqueta province, followed by Mapiripan in Meta, San Vicente del Caguan in Caqueta and Calamar in Guaviare — all part of Colombia’s long-standing “arc of deforestation,” where illegal land grabbing, cattle ranching and forest clearing intensified after the 2016 peace agreement with the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, or FARC, the country’s largest guerrilla group, left a power vacuum in remote rainforest regions.

Environment Minister Irene Vélez attributed the results to greater cooperation with rural communities, expanded conservation incentives and a shift away from policies that criminalized small-scale farmers. She also highlighted a major investigation in Mapiripan that led to the arrest of 17 people allegedly linked to a criminal network involved in illegal land grabbing, deforestation and extensive cattle ranching.

The government said deforestation inside Colombia’s national parks fell nearly 19% from the previous year to 9,388 hectares (23,200 acres). Officials credited programs that pay communities to conserve forests, large-scale restoration efforts and the country’s first forestry concession, which grants rural communities long-term rights to sustainably manage public forest land.

Officials reiterated that the principal drivers of deforestation are illegal land grabbing, the expansion of extensive cattle ranching and unplanned road construction, rather than coca cultivation, the raw ingredient used to produce cocaine, which has long dominated Colombia’s anti-drug efforts.

___

The Associated Press’ climate and environmental coverage receives financial support from multiple private foundations. AP is solely responsible for all content. Find AP’s standards for working with philanthropies, a list of supporters and funded coverage areas at AP.org.

Manchester United striker Ethan Wheatley had two loan spells in League One last season and now the young star is reportedly attracting Premier League interest

Everton are reportedly preparing a transfer approach for Manchester United striker Ethan Wheatley. However, it is understood that nothing is advanced at this stage.

The 20-year-old ended last season on loan at League One side Bradford City after spending the first half of the campaign with Northampton Town. The Red Devils youngster made 12 appearances for the Bantams in 2025/26 as he sought more senior first-team football.

However, he failed to score for the West Yorkshire club and did not feature in either of their League One play-off semi-final fixtures with Bolton Wanderers. It came after Wheatley became United’s 250th academy graduate to feature for the first team, making his debut in a 4-2 win over Sheffield United in April 2024.

After impressing in the academy, he was one of several young stars who joined first-team training back in October 2024 as Erik ten Hag prepared his side for their upcoming Europa League clash against Fenerbahce.

And Premier League side Everton are now reportedly interested in a deal. Journalist Fabrizio Romano has claimed that the Toffees are preparing a formal proposal and are expected to make an official approach to United shortly.

FOLLOW OUR MAN UTD FB PAGE! Latest United news and more on our dedicated Facebook page

Our sister paper, the Liverpool Echo, understands that Everton are interested in Wheatley, but a potential deal is still some way off. It is also understood that the move is initially directed towards the club’s academy.

The young star has also been linked with German Bundesliga side Schalke 04 and Dutch club SC Cambuur, but is still on United’s books as it stands.

Advertisement

Wheatley is under contract at Old Trafford until 2028, therefore interested parties would have to fork out a fee to land him on a permanent basis.

Following his recall from Northampton in January last season, manager Kevin Nolan said Wheatley had made lots of progress during his spell at the club and shared his disappointment at the forward’s departure.

Sky Sports, HBO Max, Netflix and Disney+ with Ultimate TV package

This article contains affiliate links, we will receive a commission on any sales we generate from it. Learn more

Sky has upgraded its Ultimate TV and Sky Sports bundle to now include HBO Max, Netflix, Disney+, discovery+ and Hayu, as well as 135 channels and full Sky coverage of the Premier League and EFL.

Sky broadcasts more than 1,400 live matches across the Premier League, EFL and more with at least 215 live from the top flight alongside Formula 1, darts and golf.

Advertisement

He said: “We are disappointed Ethan has been recalled but we are proud of the work we have done with him and believe he leaves us a far better player than he arrived.

“Because of his injury picked up at Huddersfield in December, we were planning to be without him for a period anyway, but we thank Manchester United for loaning Ethan to us and wish him well for his future career.

“I know he enjoyed himself here, I know his family were appreciative of how we looked after him, and I know Manchester United were pleased with how the loan went.”

Following the count of first and second preference votes from the election held on July 30, Ms Craig was elected Mayor of Greater Manchester with a total of 309,525 votes, compared with 157,178 for Reform UK’s Sian Astley.

The Labour and Co-operative Party candidate finished with almost twice as many votes as her Reform rival across Greater Manchester, giving her a winning margin of more than 152,000 votes.

Bolton voters also backed Craig, although the race was closer locally than in some other districts.

In the first preference vote, Craig received 19,718 votes, ahead of Astley’s 12,524.

While Labour maintained a clear lead in Bolton, Reform recorded one of its stronger performances in the borough, with Astley securing around 63 per cent of Labour’s first preference total.

Across Greater Manchester as a whole, Labour’s lead was even more pronounced, with Craig polling 251,449 first preference votes compared with Astley’s 111,928.

After second preference votes were counted, Craig received an additional 4,170 votes from Bolton electors, while Astley added 4,998.

Across Greater Manchester, Craig gained 58,076 second preference votes and Astley gained 45,250.

Bolton recorded 49,213 verified ballot papers from an electorate of 217,169, representing a turnout of 23 per cent.

That was slightly below the Greater Manchester-wide turnout of 25.14 per cent.

Across the city-region, Labour led decisively from the first round.

Craig’s tally of 251,449 first preference votes was more than double that of Astley, who finished second on 111,928.

The two candidates progressed to the final stage of the count, where Craig extended her lead through second preference votes to secure the mayoralty.

The election also delivered a disappointing result for the Conservatives across Greater Manchester.

Conservative candidate Phil Eckersley finished fifth overall with 41,021 first preference votes, placing behind Labour, Reform UK, the Green Party and Restore Britain.

Green Party candidate Geraldine Coggins finished third across Greater Manchester with 64,968 votes, while Restore Britain’s Marlon West secured fourth place on 46,289 votes.

In Bolton, the Conservatives finished fourth.

Mr Eckersley received 5,041 first preference votes, comfortably trailing Labour and Reform UK, while securing just 54 votes fewer than the Greens, with Ms Coggins on 5,095 votes.

However, as was the case across Greater Manchester, the Conservatives remained ahead of the Liberal Democrats.

Liberal Democrat candidate Richard Kilpatrick secured 1,016 votes in Bolton, well behind the Conservatives’ total.

Bolton’s result closely mirrored the wider Greater Manchester picture, though the Conservatives performed marginally better within the borough.

The borough’s full first preference result saw Labour win 19,718 votes, followed by Reform UK on 12,524.

The Green Party was third with 5,095 votes, the Conservatives fourth on 5,041 votes, Restore Britain took 4,820 votes, the Liberal Democrats received 1,016 and independent candidate Marcus Farmer secured 484 votes.

Across Greater Manchester, the first preference totals were Labour on 251,449, Reform UK on 111,928, the Green Party on 64,968, Restore Britain on 46,289, the Conservatives on 41,021, the Liberal Democrats on 14,702 and independent Marcus Farmer on 2,969.

The result means Labour retains control of the Greater Manchester mayoralty, with Bolton contributing a significant share of the party’s support as Bev Craig secured a convincing victory both in the borough and across the city-region.

Have you ever heard the phrase “you only use 10% of your brain”? In reality, there is no way of measuring the percentage terms of consciousness – partly because the brain has no static baseline.

However, there is a general consensus among neuroscientists now that most of the brain’s processes are unconscious. That doesn’t mean you’re not using most of your brain though – it means there’s much more happening than you’re probably aware of.

Modern cognitive neuroscience has brought us right back to Sigmund Freud’s psychoanalytic view of the unconscious mind. This is partly because the once-thought untestable theories are gaining scientific ground.

Freud, in 1895, proposed that the unconscious mind hides sexual and aggressive wishes, in his book with his colleague Josef Breuer Studies in Hysteria. They wrote that mental health symptoms like anxiety, phobias and compulsions emerge from unresolved unconscious thoughts.

Freud’s model (conscious, preconscious, unconscious) – maps onto our current understanding of memory. Nobel laureate, neuroscientist and psychoanalyst Eric Kandell says we have declarative and non-declarative memory processes. Declarative memory recall is conscious, like trying to remember the sequence of numbers on your credit card. Non-declarative memories involve unconscious, automatic recall.

And Freud’s structural model of the mind again arguably fits in with our understanding of cognition.

Freud proposed id made up the primitive part of your psyche and that the superego stands for our moral consciousness. Last, your ego mediates between your id and super ego. His idea of the id could be equivalent to unconscious neural processes – although there are convincing arguments that pleasure processing in the id is conscious too. Ego could also be represented by metacognition (awareness of your own thought processes) which is linked to the brain’s prefrontal cortex, right behind your forehead.

The superego could be reflected in the brain’s limbic system, which regulates your emotions and behaviour, and tells you whether something feels good or not.

However, behaviourism became dominant in the 1920s, with psychologists like J.B. Watson, in his “behaviourist manifesto” championing the view that only measurable behaviour should be considered in science.

The unconscious brain is back

From the 1980s it became clearer that people’s decision making and behaviour could be influenced without their awareness.

Later, it was also clear with neuroscience experiments and brain scanners, as my team and I showed in two meta-analyses, that both unconscious memory and conscious memory play a role in brain processes. For example, neuroscientists can show study participants hidden flashes of “subliminal” happy or horrified faces and the person will have no conscious recollection of the faces. But their amygdala (the arousal region of the brain) will show increased activation, which can influence people’s decision making.

Psychologist Daniel Kahneman in his 2011 book Thinking Fast and Slow built on some of Freud’s ideas of primary and secondary processes. He proposed we have two modes of thinking where system 1 is a fast process that is impulsive and largely unconscious, whereas system 2 is a slow process that takes effort. The secondary process is reserved for when you need to pay attention to something new, dangerous or uncertain.

What neuroscience can tell us about the unconscious mind

Essential functions, like heart rate, body temperature, hunger and thirst regulation are unconsciously rooted. Similarly, coping strategies to diminish painful feelings, learned in early childhood, are not necessarily conscious. Infantile amnesia occurs until about three years old but remain in our unconscious brains for life. However, some aspects of unconscious processes could be brought into conscious awareness via talking therapy.

Other theories about how the conscious and unconscious brain areas interact, come from two prominent ideas. The Global Workspace Theory (GWT), and the Intergrated Information Theory (IIT).

GWT proposes that the mind is like a theatre stage, where the unconscious agents are busy behind the scenes making sure that the “conscious spotlight” on stage is in the right place.

IIT suggests that there are gradients of consciousness. The degree and complexity of integration between brain regions determines how “much” consciousness (“phi”) an organism has. So for example, a human with a complex network of brain regions has more “phi” than, say, a sea slug with far fewer connections. However, the problem with this theory, is how to validate the “amount” of consciousness different species have.

The founder of neuropsychoanalysis Mark Solms – along with neuroscientist and psychoanalyst Karl Friston – in 2010 pioneered a new theory integrating the idea that unconscious activity is the major force influencing our conscious decision making. In my view, it’s the best model we currently have.

This theory – called the Free Energy Principle (FEP) suggests the brain’s
main role is to predict what will keep you alive and feeling good, within the predictable bounds we have evolved to survive in. Most of the time we do this unconsciously, with an internal model of the world, as well as pages of memories from our evolutionary rulebook.

But when something uncertain or surprising happens, it is like free energy in the brain that is not bound to a prediction. This causes our brains to be ultra-conscious for a brief period of time to create a new prediction that binds our thoughts, costing the brain a lot of energy. As Kahneman stated, we do sometimes need our conscious brain to help make more difficult decisions for us, when there are many unknowns.

More recently, consciousness research has started to move away from humans altogether. Solms has argued it is possible to give AI consciousness. If he turns out to be right, then according to his own work, the unconscious processes of AI entities will be shaped by their interactions with us.

OnlyFans model Courtney Clenney has reached a plea deal, one month before she was due to stand trial for allegedly murdering her boyfriend.

Clenney, 30, was charged with second-degree murder in 2022 after her partner, 27-year-old Christian Obumseli, was found with a three-inch deep stab wound at their Miami, Florida, luxury apartment.

She called 911 herself, with first responders finding Obumseli had been knifed in the shoulder and Clenney covered in his blood.

He was taken to hospital for treatment, but he died shortly after.

At the time, officers determined that his death followed a domestic dispute, with a Miami PD spokesperson confirming there had been a ‘physical altercation’.

Following her arrest, Clenney has not denied responsibility for Obumseli’s fatal injuries but has claimed she threw the knife at her boyfriend from approximately 10 feet away in self-defence after he shoved her to the ground and tried to strangle her.

She also allegedly threatened to kill herself, leading to police evaluating the threat and implementing the Baker Act, which allows law enforcement, as well as medical professionals, to commit a person to mental health treatment for up to 72 hours.

Now, the content creator has struck a deal to plead guilty, with the terms to be made public on August 10 when presented to the Miami-Dade County court.

Clenney’s attorney, Sabrina Puglisi, told Court TV on Friday afternoon that an agreement was reached with prosecutors to resolve the charges without a trial, and awaiting a judge’s approval.

‘We will reserve further comment on the specific terms until they are placed on the record before the court.’

An attorney representing Obumseli’s family confirmed there is a deal in place, too, but said commenting further would be premature and irresponsible.

During previous hearings, the court heard how Clenney and Obumseli had a ‘tempestuous and combative relationship’, with mutual friends claiming they saw both parties hit each other.

Meanwhile, neighbours reported hearing arguments on several occasions, which had required police intervention.

Having recently moved to the Edgewater neighbourhood of Miami, Obumseli lived with his girlfriend at the One Paraiso apartment building.

Questions were also raised in the immediate aftermath of Obumseli’s death, as Clenney appeared active on her OnlyFans platform.

She was detained on April 3, but explicit content was posted on the subscription site on April 4.

Clenney used the name Courtney Tailor on social media and had over two million Instagram followers.

As for Obumseli’s family, they denied Clenney’s defence’s accusations that he was the violent one in the relationship, insisting it was actually her.

A GoFundMe was also established for them after he was killed and raised over $60,000.

The page’s bio said he died just one week before his 28th birthday.

‘Christian was extremely compassionate with a desire always to uplift those around him,’ it added.

‘He did not deserve for his life to be cut short by a heinous act of violence.’

Clenney, who has remained in jail in Miami without bond for the past four years, will be sentenced immediately after giving her guilty plea later this month.

Get in touch with our news team by emailing us at webnews@metro.co.uk.

For more stories like this, check our news page.

MORE: I’m a travel writer — these are the 7 places I regret visiting

MORE: Inside the England WAGs’ luxury Miami pads ahead of World Cup game

While much of his career has been on screen, Ben Shephard has kept his marriage to his wife, Annie Perks, largely out of the spotlight.

The pair met as students at the University of Birmingham, where the This Morning star studied dance, drama and theatre arts, while Annie studied philosophy and headed the Philosophy & Epistemology Society.

After embarking on their blossoming romance in 1995, the two eventually got married in 2004.

Although they have made red carpet appearances together, the couple maintain a private life with their two sons, Sam and Jack.

But earlier this week, Ben gave a very rare glimpse into his family as they enjoyed a trip down to Cornwall.

Taking to Instagram, the presenter shared a series of photos from his week down the British coastline to celebrate his Auntie Jan’s retirement.

Earlier this week, Ben gave a very rare glimpse into his family as they enjoyed a trip down to the British coastline 

In one snap, he posed for a beaming selfie with Annie and their son Sam, before sharing a series of sweet family moments, including a stunning family lunch at Paul Ainsworth’s restaurant and a walk along the coast. 

Alongside the snaps, Ben wrote: ‘One week like this! Family, sunshine + Cornwall❤️

‘We had a wonderful celebration of my Auntie Jan’s retirement from her musical endeavors at 85 with an amazing lunch @stenodoc which under @paulainsw6rth and his wife Emma is just as stunning as the view it overlooks. 

‘Honestly, we can’t recommend it enough it’s stunning!! Port Isaac and Port Gaverne couldn’t have looked more inviting and charming and I even squeezed some golf @stenodocholf with mates – as weeks go not sure they get much better!’

The rare family snaps come just months after Ben revealed that he and Annie live ‘separate lives’.

Explaining their differing attitudes towards spending time together, Ben told the Daily Mail: ‘Annie is much more solitary than me.

‘She’s much happier in her own company. Half the time she’s like, “I need a bit of space. Can you leave me alone for five seconds, please?”‘

He continued: ‘We do live quite separate lives.’

Taking to Instagram, the This Morning presenter shared a series of photos of his family celebrating his Auntie Jan’s retirement

Alongside the snaps, Ben wrote: ‘One week like this! Family, sunshine + Cornwall❤️’

Ben and Annie met as students at the University of Birmingham (pictured during their younger days)

Advertisement

‘I’m off working, she has her job, which is garden and interior design. If I’ve got spare time I want to do something physical.’

You can read the full Daily Mail interview here. 

After the pair tied the knot over two decades ago, they made Richmond, London, their home, before selling the property last year. 

During their marriage, Ben and Annie welcomed their two sons before purchasing their dream home for a reported £2.95million. 

However, the family of four have since offloaded the property, which was said to have sold for £5.3million and purchased a Grade II home for £3.5million. 

While she keeps out of the public eye, Annie has an impressive career of her own in the media. 

She runs an interiors website called The House Edit, and in recent years, she’s also qualified as a garden designer.

Before she became a mum, she had built a career writing for fashion and interior magazines, working for the likes of House & Garden, Glamour, Elle Deco, Elle and Red.

On her website, Annie writes: ‘For the last 15 years I’ve been raising our boys, knocking down and remodelling houses, building gardens out of mud-pits and running interiors projects.

‘I’ve studied hard and taken excellent courses, so I’ve learned both the theory of design and I’ve also learned the hard way, by creating from the ground up, wellies on and spade in hand.

Ben and Annie married in 2004 in Salcombe, Devon

They went on to welcome two sons, Sam and Jack 

Advertisement

Ben said of his sons: ‘Jack’s working as a teaching assistant before travelling. Sam’s studying maths at university and having a ball’

‘After a few mistakes and a few more successes, my friends started to ask for help with their own interiors and gardens.’

Currently, she helps people ‘create stylish, meaningful interiors and gardens that tell their story’.

Ben and Annie are currently preparing for the ‘imminent’ moment that they become ’empty-nesters’.

Their son Jack is working as a teaching assistant before going off travelling, and their eldest child, Sam, is currently studying maths at university.

Ben revealed that Jack has funded his travels by himself.

Speaking on the White Wine Question Time podcast, he told former Loose Women anchor Kate Thornton: ‘He worked really hard for his A-Levels, then worked really hard as a teaching assistant, got some money together to be able to fund his trip.

‘He’s learned how to budget, clean his clothes and make sure he’s fed and watered and all those sorts of things.

‘I did that to varying degrees when I was 19. We do miss him and Annie misses him dearly, but it’s just such an exciting time. I’m jealous they’ve got so much ahead.’

Not having young children to care for has allowed Ben to prioritise his personal health. 

His physical transformation in recent years also coincided with his milestone 50th birthday last year, which inspired the broadcaster to become the fittest he’s ever been.

He often shares updates on his social media from his workout regime, including workouts with his sons.

Ben told Men’s Health that he gets very competitive when it comes to proving to Sam and Jack that he can keep up with his sons.

Given Ben’s priority on health and fitness, he previously told the publication that his ‘wife does most of the cooking’. 

As he noted: ‘And I’m turning around saying, “I’ve got to have enough protein”.’

However, Ben added, they share an unconventional ‘agreement’ to strike the perfect balance.

He added: ‘We came up with an agreement, I’d get what I needed during the day, so I could enjoy our dinners together. 

‘You can leave stuff out that you don’t necessarily want, but we still want to share that moment in the evening.’

Ben gushed over Annie earlier this year: ‘This amazing influence who created the home for our boys to become who they are and certainly made me better at being a dad’

With their kids no longer at home, the Tipping Point host said that they’re working on finding activities that they can enjoy together.

He told the Daily Mail: ‘It’s about finding things that work for both of us – but as I say, that feels really exciting.’

Ben was eager to emphasise that, despite their differences, Annie remains the ‘most important factor in our lives as a family’.

He said: ‘This amazing influence who created the home for our boys to become who they are and certainly made me better at being a dad.’

In March, Ben marked his 22nd anniversary with Annie by sharing a rare photo of ‘the best thing to ever happen to me’.

He reminisced about their relationship as he shared a selfie of the couple from the early days of their romance.

‘So 22 yrs ago today @mrsannieshephard said “oh go on then” and that was that!’ he gushed in the caption.

‘It might have taken me 9 yrs to realise it and to ask her to marry me but she’s still the best thing to happen to me,’ he continued before joking about his other great love – West Ham legend Mark Noble.

“Today” show host Savannah Guthrie on Saturday said on social media that her family was “desperate” and “begging for help” in the disappearance of her mother, a day after authorities released two ransom notes including one saying that she had died.

Authorities released an early note in the investigation into the disappearance of 84-year-old Nancy Guthrie, hoping that someone will recognize the writing style. A second note said Guthrie died shortly after she was kidnapped and “is buried in nature now.” Both notes initially were sent to a Tucson television station days after Guthrie went missing from her home outside Tucson on Feb. 1.

Desperate plea

“We are begging for help. We are desperate. We need someone to come forward. Someone knows something. Someone suspects something. Someone recognizes the writing in the ransom demand notes,” Guthrie wrote on her Instagram account, alongside a photo of her mother.

“Someone has noticed something different, strange, troubling or just unusual – perhaps with someone they deeply love,” she wrote. “Perhaps they are afraid to come forward. Perhaps they are conflicted. Perhaps they are angry or upset for being in this situation. There is a way out – to tell what you know.”

Guthrie went on to say they “wanted to find out what happened to her, so that we can give her the dignity of a proper goodbye – a celebration of her remarkable life that she so deserves.”

Missing since February

Saturday is the six-month mark since Guthrie disappeared. No suspects have been arrested. The investigation has been dogged by unanswered questions, such as how many people are believed to have taken part in her abduction and whether she was taken by someone who knew her.

The FBI in Washington did not respond to questions about the ransom notes, including whether both messages sent to the Tucson station have been deemed legitimate.

In releasing the notes, the Pima County Sheriff’s Department said “we believe these distinctive linguistic characteristics may be recognizable to someone who knows or has interacted with the notes’ writer.”

Ransom notes released

The first note, sent Feb. 2, said Guthrie was safe but scared and would be released unharmed once her captors received $4 million in cryptocurrency, with the ransom amount increasing if the first demand was not met. It said Guthrie would be released within 12 hours if the payment was received. It also included a threat to kill her if the ransom wasn’t paid.

“Your mother is aware of this and her life is in your hands,” the first note read. “It is in the best interest of everyone to have this completed as soon as possible.”

The second note was sent Feb. 6 and said Guthrie died shortly after she was taken. “She is buried in nature now,” it said. “Nothing you could have done could have changed the outcome.” The note ended with an apology: “We are truly sorry.”

The sheriff’s department said the notes reveal a distinctive pattern of word choices and provide insight into the writer’s mindset. The agency said someone who knows the notes’ writer may recognize the patterns.

Authorities similarly used a suspect’s own writings as a tool to apprehend Theodore “Ted” Kaczynski, branded the “Unabomber” by the FBI. Kaczynski, who killed three people and injured 23 others with mail bombs over a 17-year span, pressured The Washington Post, in conjunction with The New York Times, to publish his 35,000-word manifesto in 1995.

Signs of preparations

The sheriff’s office also said Friday that two videos recovered from Guthrie’s doorbell camera might be from two separate days and indicate an unidentified male prepared ahead of when Guthrie was taken. Authorities are seeking information on anyone who was behaving differently, changed their physical appearance, suddenly left the Tucson area, or had a noticeable or unexplained interest or disinterest in the case.

“Investigators continue to pursue every available technological and investigative lead,” the sheriff’s office said. “However, community members remain a vital resource as we seek to provide answers for Nancy’s family.”

The FBI had released surveillance videos of a masked person who authorities said appeared to tamper with a camera on Nancy Guthrie’s front porch and block it with a plant. They described the person as a male about 5 feet, 9 inches (1.75 meters) tall.