No matter how hot it gets, many men will not wear shorts to work for fear of appearing unprofessional.
The UK is experiencing an intense heatwave which is expected to see temperatures surge to nearly 40°C. The Met Office has issued a very rare red warning for extreme heat and schools in parts of England are closing early. In Wales, schools have been given the choice whether to close.
But no matter how hot it gets, many men will not swap trousers for shorts in the workplace — but is this because their employer has told them not to? Or is it for fear of standing out, appearing unprofessional or believing that it would be “frowned on”?
Of course, there are two separate considerations here: one is where you stand from a legal or professional standpoint, the other is where you stand from a fashion or sartorial standpoint.
Can it be legally too hot to work?
The Unison and TUC unions want “a specific legal maximum temperature for indoor work of 30°C, or 27°C for strenuous work”. However, the UK’s Health and Safety Executive says: “There’s no law for maximum working temperature, or when it’s too hot to work, because every workplace is different. No meaningful upper limit can be imposed because in many indoor workplaces high temperatures are not seasonal but created by work activity, for example in bakeries or foundries.”
However, it also says that employers must stick to health and safety at work law, including “keeping the temperature at a comfortable level” and “providing clean and fresh air”.
The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations “require employers to provide a reasonable indoor temperature in the workplace”. And under the Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations, employers must “assess the risks to workers” and “put controls in place to protect them”.
The HSE says: “Temperature in the workplace is one of the risks you should assess, whether the work is being done indoors or outdoors. You should consult with workers or their representatives on the best ways to cope with high or low temperatures.”
While the Approved Code of Practice on the Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations does suggest a minimum temperature for working indoors (normally at least 16°C or 13°C “if much of the work involves rigorous physical effort”), there is no maximum temperature for workplaces.
Instead, all workers are “entitled to an environment where risks to their health and safety are properly controlled”. Heat is classed as a hazard and comes with legal obligations like any other hazard and so employers must decide what a reasonable temperature should be in the workplace.
Can I refuse to work if it’s too hot?
You can, but you would probably not be protected in law. Allan McDougall Solicitors state that “although the Employment Rights Act 1996 states that where a worker reasonably believes that they are in serious and imminent danger and they cannot reasonably be expected to avert that danger, they have the right not be dismissed or subject to detriment (such as wage docking) if they leave or refuse to attend work while the danger persists”.
However, they stress that “the wording of these statutes does not give an absolute right to withdraw your labour if you consider the workplace is too hot” and add “there is no guarantee that should you leave site or refuse to attend work and then be dismissed or subject to detriment, that you would have a legal remedy, or be successful at tribunal”.
Can I wear shorts to work?
The Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations require employers to provide a reasonable indoor temperature in the workplace. An employer should assess the risks to its workers and put controls in place to protect them. Temperature certainly counts as a risk.
And while there is no legal maximum temperature for working, the HSE says employers should provide “a reasonable working temperature in workrooms”, though it leaves the definition of “reasonable” to the employer. It says that employers can consider changing usual work arrangements to avoid people getting too hot and that this includes
- flexible working patterns
- allowing enough breaks to allow workers to get cold drinks or cool down
- relaxing formal dress codes.
When it comes to relaxing the dress code, Allan McDougall Solicitors state that “although an employee can compel you to wear a certain uniform or abide by a dress code, depending on the circumstances of your workplace it may be reasonable for an employer to relax formal dress code policies to reduce the risk of excessive heat”.
But for many people the question is less a legal one than a fashion one. Sophie Jordan, menswear buying director at fashion firm Mytheresa, told Esquire: “It ultimately depends on the culture of the workplace, but shorts can feel entirely appropriate when approached with a more refined sensibility.”
Kit Swann, fashion editor at Mr Porter, told Esquire: “For me, it depends on the shorts and where you work, but largely I don’t see a reason why you couldn’t wear shorts to the office.”

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