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Near-total privacy with a few sacrifices

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Mullvad, a virtual private network (VPN) named after the Swedish word for “mole,” is often recognized as one of the best VPNs for privacy. I put it on my best VPN list for exactly that reason. I’ve got huge respect for the extra lengths Mullvad goes to in order to ensure its user’s privacy.

To give you a preview, Mullvad is one of the few VPNs — other than my normal privacy recommendation, Proton VPN — that lets users pay entirely in cash. But even Proton VPN asks for an email address to make an account and uses a few marketing cookies on its own website. Mullvad represents every account as a randomly generated 16-digit code and uses no marketing cookies whatsoever.

That’s just one example of how Mullvad goes beyond the call of duty to keep users private. But while privacy is the most important aspect of a VPN alongside security, it’s not the only thing that matters. For this review, I set out to investigate whether Mullvad pairs its rights-protecting bonafides with versatile, convenient and enjoyable VPN apps. Using our rigorous VPN testing procedure, I’ll rate Mullvad in 11 areas. You can find a summary of my results in the table below, skip to the sections that matter most to you or just read my final advice in the conclusion.

Editor’s note (2/11/26): We’ve overhauled our VPN coverage to provide more detailed, actionable buying advice. Going forward, we’ll continue to update both our best VPN list and individual reviews (like this one) as circumstances change. Most recently, we added official scores to all of our VPN reviews. Check out how we test VPNs to learn more about the new standards we’re using.

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Mullvad

A VPN with average speeds and features but a great pricing scheme and no compromises on anonymity.

Pros
  • Can sign up without any personal information and pay in cash
  • Saves no data whatsoever on users, even on its own website
  • Excellent apps on all OSes
Cons
  • WireGuard is the only protocol
  • Disappointing browser extension
  • No live chat support

Findings at a glance

Category

Notes

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Installation and UI

All apps share roughly the same user interface

Apps are responsive and easy to navigate, with no design choices that would threaten beginners

Lack of “fastest server” button is an issue

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Browser extension is only available on Firefox and still in beta

Speed

Reasonably good average latency

Reduces download speeds by 26 percent and upload speeds by 17 percent

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Speed declines are consistent and chartable

All speed metrics are quite good on nearby servers

Security

Only uses WireGuard protocol

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No IP address leaks, even when switching servers

Packet test showed successful encryption

Pricing

Always costs 5 Euro per month, though prices outside Europe depend on exchange rates

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No auto-renewal — membership lasts until money runs out

Can pay using cash or by purchasing scratch-off vouchers on Amazon

14 day money-back guarantee, except on cash payments

Bundles

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Only app besides the VPN is the free Mullvad Browser, which removes the tracking habits of typical web browsers

Allows several smaller VPNs to use its servers in their networks

Privacy policy

No vague lines or loopholes in privacy policy

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Only saves account numbers and expiration dates for each user

Uses an extremely limited range of cookies with no marketing trackers

Has undergone a total of 17 audits of different aspects of its service

Swedish police demanded customer information in 2023; Mullvad couldn’t comply because the data wasn’t logged

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Virtual location change

Unblocked Netflix 13 out of 15 times

When it failed, virtual location was still changed

Server network

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90 locations in 50 countries, majority in North America and Europe

No virtual servers whatsoever

Features

DAITA conceals traffic patterns that might let an AI identify what sites you visit

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Uses quantum-resistant encryption on WireGuard

Can choose your own multihop entry and exit points

Several options for getting around nation-level firewalls

Can block ads, trackers, malware and other unwanted content using predetermined DNS block lists

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Supports IPv6 traffic

Kill switch and stronger lockdown mode

Split tunneling by app

Customer support

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Help center includes useful filters to find the topic

Well-written articles with good internal linking

No live chat support, but staff answers emails quickly

Can view app logs at any time

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Background check

Founded in 2009 in Sweden; still owned and operated by initial founders

User account numbers were exposed in a 2023 incident, but Mullvad quickly closed the leak

Installing, configuring and using Mullvad

Let’s start by examining how Mullvad feels as a piece of software. In this section, I’ll be testing its desktop apps for Windows and Mac, its mobile apps for Android and iOS and its browser extension for Firefox. To start with the installation process, Mullvad downloads and installs in a snap on mobile. On desktop, installation requires a few more steps than is typical, but the app guides you quickly through everything.

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Across the board, my only serious complaint is that there’s no option for automatically choosing the fastest server. You can usually assume that the nearest one to you will be the fastest, but there’s always the chance of an unusual server overload. It’s a bizarre oversight for an app that otherwise goes out of its way to be usable.

Windows

Mullvad’s Windows app has a slim UI that uses space efficiently without being too cramped. It doesn’t give you a lot of information, such as live speed tests or data in transit, but I’ve mostly found that to be needless filler on VPN apps.

Mullvad on Windows.

Mullvad on Windows. (Sam Chapman for Engadget)

Speaking of needless filler, the map may be a little bigger than it needs to be, but maps on VPN clients aren’t just about teaching you geography — they do a lot to make the apps more welcoming to casual users who might not otherwise fire up security software. In fact, Mullvad’s UI is admirably beginner-friendly, befitting its focus on privacy for everybody rather than just the tech-savvy.

All the settings are accessed by clicking the gear in the top-right. Here, you can turn on DAITA (Mullvad’s defense against AI traffic scanning), activate multihop and control Mullvad’s other features. There are also some quality-of-life features for the UI itself, such as whether it remains pinned to the taskbar or operates as a standalone window. Some options, especially under the VPN settings tab, are a bit technical, but don’t need to be touched for a good experience.

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Mac

Mullvad’s macOS app is quite similar to its Windows app, both in terms of the interface and the features offered. The big difference used to be that macOS lacked split tunneling, but that’s been added in a recent update. The only serious distinction now is that the Mac client can’t be unpinned from the taskbar, which is just a little bothersome.

Mullvad on Mac.

Mullvad on Mac. (Sam Chapman for Engadget)

Other than that, you’ll find every setting you need under the gear, just like on Windows. Similarly, connections to VPN servers happen quickly, and selecting locations from the menu is very straightforward. While connected on either app, you can click the circular arrow by your location to swap to another server in the same location — highly convenient if you’re trying to unblock Netflix.

Android

Mullvad’s Android app has the same nearly-perfect design approach as all its other apps. The main page has nothing on it but the connect/disconnect button, the choice of server locations, a map and the buttons for your account information and preferences. Those preferences are a manageable set of options that are almost all managed with simple on-off switches. It’s all highly responsive and annoyance-free.

Mullvad on Android.

Mullvad on Android. (Sam Chapman for Engadget)

iOS

Mullvad’s iOS app looks very similar to its apps on every other platform. The front page is kept simple, with large controls in the foreground and a map taking up most of the space. Everything else is located in the menu accessed through the gear icon at top right. Neither mobile app has the options for toggling the UI itself that the desktop apps have, but it’s mostly free of quality-of-life problems to start with.

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Mullvad on iPhone.

Mullvad on iPhone. (Sam Chapman for Engadget)

Browser extensions

Mullvad’s browser extension is only compatible with Firefox. You can’t actually connect to the VPN through this extension. Its main functions are to tell you whether you’re connected to a Mullvad server and to connect to a SOCKS5 proxy in a Mullvad location. If you do this while connected to Mullvad through the desktop app, you’ll get a second layer of protection, similar to the multi-hop feature.

The Firefox extension is a rare misfire for Mullvad — perhaps fair, since it’s still in beta. Its only real feature is something that the desktop app already does perfectly well, and it looks like a software malfunction to boot. However, given Mullvad’s track record, I’m confident they’ll figure out what to do with it in time.

Mullvad speed test

A VPN almost always slows browsing speeds and increases latencies. It’s unavoidable, given the extra steps a VPN protocol adds to the process of getting online. The trick is to find VPNs that keep the slowdown to a minimum, using a combination of regular maintenance, good planning and smart load balancing.

For this test, I used speedtest.net to check how six of Mullvad’s server locations influenced three key speed metrics. Ping measures latency, the time in milliseconds (ms) that one data packet needs to travel between a client device and an ISP. Download speed measures the amount of data in Megabits that a web browser can download in one second. Upload speed tracks how much data can be uploaded in a second. We’re looking for low latencies and high download and upload speeds.

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Server location

Ping (ms)

Increase factor

Download speed (Mbps)

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Percentage drop

Upload speed (Mbps)

Percentage drop

Portland, USA (unprotected)

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15

58.96

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5.85

Seattle, USA (fastest location)

23

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1.5x

55.07

6.6

5.51

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5.8

Montreal, Canada

165

11.0x

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44.28

24.9

4.62

21.0

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Fortaleza, Brazil

307

20.5x

40.96

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30.5

4.65

20.5

Prague, Czechia

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368

24.5x

43.17

26.8

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5.47

6.5

Lagos, Nigeria

528

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35.2x

37.41

36.6

4.61

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21.2

Bangkok, Thailand

473

31.5x

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39.76

32.6

4.13

29.4

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Average

311

20.7x

43.44

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26.3

4.83

17.4

I’ll start with the bad news: the tests didn’t exactly make Mullvad look like a speed demon. Its speeds have gone up and down in the years I’ve been using it, and right now they appear to be on the downswing. If you use locations all around Mullvad’s server network, you can expect your download speeds to decrease by about 26 percent and your upload speeds to decline by 17 percent.

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However, it’s important to put those numbers in perspective. First, Mullvad’s numbers aren’t markedly worse than the ones I got when testing CyberGhost. Its speeds are average, but by definition, most things are average. Its average worldwide latency is actually better than Surfshark, the current champion of download and upload speeds.

Speed-testing a Mullvad server in Los Angeles.

Speed-testing a Mullvad server in Los Angeles. (Sam Chapman for Engadget)

It’s also nice that Mullvad’s speed drops follow a predictable curve. Lots of VPNs have unexpectedly sharp declines in certain locations, frequently in Africa. By contrast, Mullvad’s speed decreases pretty much as a direct function of how far from the server you are. This not only makes speed drops easier to plan around, but also means you can expect very good speeds on nearby servers.

This property of being fastest on servers near the user is another sign of Mullvad’s focus on its core privacy mission. If anonymity is your main reason for using a VPN, it doesn’t matter what your IP address is, so long as it’s not your real one. Using a nearby Mullvad server should guarantee you an internet connection that’s both fast and private.

Mullvad security test

To be secure, a VPN has to check two critical boxes. It must provide you with a secondary IP address without leaking your real one, and it must encrypt your communications with its servers so your activity can’t be traced. In the sections below, I’ll see whether Mullvad meets those requirements.

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VPN protocols

VPNs use protocols to mediate between end devices, ISPs and their own servers. The first step is to ensure that the service you’re considering uses protocols that have expert confidence. Mullvad has kindly made this step easy for me by using only WireGuard on all its apps, with no OpenVPN, IKEv2 or in-house unique protocols.

There’s no question that WireGuard is a solid protocol. It uses the ChaCha20 stream cipher for symmetric encryption and Poly1305 for authentication, both uncrackable with current technology. Mullvad has even added its own fix for WireGuard’s one flaw, its need to save static IP addresses — the Mullvad implementation is set up to delete the IP address if it goes 10 minutes without being used.

Even so, it’s unfortunate to lose the ability to change protocols, which is one of the most common steps for troubleshooting a VPN connection. I understand Mullvad’s reasoning for cutting out OpenVPN (it claims the cryptography isn’t strong enough) but don’t agree. It’s one of this provider’s few unforced errors.

Leak test

There’s a straightforward test to determine if your VPN is leaking. Load up any website that shows your IP address — I personally use ipleak.net — and see what IP and location it reveals without your VPN active. Then activate the VPN and refresh the page. If you see your real IP address anywhere, your VPN is leaking.

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Testing Mullvad for IP leaks.

Testing Mullvad for IP leaks. (Sam Chapman for Engadget)

I ran that test on five Mullvad servers. Each time, the website showed me the IP address of the VPN server, concealing my real one. To keep things simple, I ran the initial tests with IPv6 blocked via the Mullvad client. When I turned it on and tried again, the IPv6 traffic didn’t leak any more than the IPv4 did. I also saw no signs of WebRTC leaks. Unless you set up a custom DNS server, Mullvad also uses its own DNS, which remains entirely within the VPN tunnel.

I had one more leak test to try. Frequently, VPNs are leak-proof when maintaining a connection to one server but drop encryption when switching between servers. That problem is why I ultimately couldn’t recommend Norton VPN. Luckily for me, Mullvad has a button that lets you shuffle to another server in the same location, so I used that to see if it stayed leak-proof.

Mullvad doesn't leak your IP even while changing servers.

Mullvad doesn’t leak your IP even while changing servers. (Sam Chapman for Engadget)

As you can see in the screenshot, Mullvad jumped seamlessly from one server to another without showing my real location in-between. On a practical level, that’s enough for me to declare Mullvad leak-proof.

Encryption test

For one final experiment, I used the WireShark packet sniffer to see whether the data Mullvad sent from my computer to my ISP was encrypted. After capturing a few packets, I was gratified to see that they were totally unreadable to interlopers. Most established VPNs pass this test, but it’s still important for due diligence.

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How much does Mullvad cost?

Mullvad’s pricing structure is one of the most unusual things about it. This is normally the section where I untangle 47 different Pro+ and Business- accounts that are all sold at three different durations. Mullvad couldn’t be further from that. It costs 5 Euro a month — that’s it. Each 5-Euro subscription can be used on five devices at once.

It manages payments through a system inspired by parking meters. When you sign up for Mullvad, you’ll buy as much time as you want. That time will count down until it expires, unless you top it up with more 5-Euro payments. If you run out of money, Mullvad won’t charge you a new subscription fee because you didn’t tell it not to. It’ll just stop working until you pay again. Every payment also comes with a 14-day money-back guarantee, except for payments made in cash.

The Mullvad account dashboard.

The Mullvad account dashboard. (Sam Chapman for Engadget)

The only real complexity in the process is that Mullvad always figures out its prices in Euro, so outside the EU, the cost per month is affected by exchange rates. If you happen to live in a country where the government’s economic policy shuttles between capricious and arbitrary, you might want to grab a few months in advance.

The other most interesting thing about Mullvad’s pricing is the options you can use to pay. For maximum privacy, you can pay with cash using the payment token you’ll find on your account page. Note that this is not the same as your account number. To find it, log into your dashboard on Mullvad.net, click Add time to your account in the left-hand bar, then click the button labeled Cash and scroll down. Make your cash payment by writing the token on an envelope and mailing it to Sweden (full instructions here).

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Unredacted, in case any hackers out there want to buy me some more time.

Unredacted, in case any hackers out there want to buy me some more time. (Sam Chapman for Engadget)

You can also get untraceable Mullvad vouchers by paying cash at participating retail locations. Most of them are in Europe, but you can order them from Amazon. While your payment to Amazon won’t be private, the voucher can’t be linked directly to your VPN account, since the actual number is hidden behind a scratch-off panel. It’s actually pretty ingenious.

Of course, you can also pay using any of the normal methods, including credit cards, cryptocurrency and bank wires (though not PayPal). But the more private methods are always there for people who need them.

Mullvad side apps and bundles

Mullvad is that rare VPN that’s still content to be a VPN and not an all-inclusive security suite. No shade to NordVPN or Surfshark, whose extra features are generally quite good, but it’s nice to see at least one of the top providers staying focused.

Although Mullvad doesn’t have any partners that sell their products alongside its VPN, it does have several partnerships with other VPNs who use its network as the basis for their own products. MalwareBytes Privacy VPN, Mozilla VPN, Tailscale and Obscura can all be considered Mullvad side apps if you squint.

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Mullvad Browser

Mullvad’s only product other than the VPN is Mullvad Browser, which is free to download and works on Windows, macOS and Linux. Mullvad Browser works in the background, blocking common methods of browser fingerprinting that can be used to deduce your identity even when you have a VPN running.

For example, it automatically reports your time zone as UTC, disguises personal preferences like font and window size, scrambles information sent by APIs and conceals your browser version and computer operating system. It’s also in private mode by default, which doesn’t hide what your ISP sees but is useful for concealing your activity from other people that might use your computer.

Close-reading Mullvad’s privacy policy

Since privacy is Mullvad’s main selling point, this section is even more important than usual. Loopholes in the privacy policy of the privacy VPN would be deeply ironic. Fortunately, Mullvad’s privacy policy backs up its high-flying rhetoric. It’s a short, pointed and readable document with no problems I could discern. Mullvad has no parent company or subsidiary it might use as a loophole, and no clauses in its policy are left open to interpretation. It’s a masterpiece of the privacy-policy genre.

The document is actually three policies: a privacy policy, a no-logging policy and a cookie policy. The privacy policy lists all the times Mullvad might collect data about a user. That’s exactly two situations — using financial information to process payments (which will be entirely anonymous if you use cash or a voucher) and using your email address to track support tickets you open. That’s it.

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The no-logging policy is a bit longer, but mostly because it’s explaining exactly how Mullvad manages to run a VPN service with so little information on individual users. For each account, it stores a number and an expiration date, plus public keys and tunnel addresses if you’re using WireGuard (deleted at most 10 minutes after your session ends). Everything else is completely anonymized. Mullvad even claims that its 500,000 or so user accounts could have been created by the same user 500,000 times, which I suppose is one way to spend 2.5 million Euro.

The cookie policy is the shortest because Mullvad uses exactly five cookies. One saves your login status in your browser, one saves your language preferences, one protects its site from being used in a specific kind of forgery hack and the other two are for handling Stripe payments.

Independent privacy audits

Mullvad corroborates its privacy policy with regular audits of various aspects of its service. Currently, there are 17 audits listed on its website, including four infrastructure audits by Cure53. All of its apps have been separately audited and found to be solid. It has been a couple of years since the last full infrastructure audit in 2024, but given how many other targeted reviews Mullvad has gone through since then, it’s hard to be too upset about the pause.

In 2023, Mullvad achieved the holy grail of VPN privacy: being ordered by subpoena to turn over customer information and not being able to comply because that information didn’t exist. Nothing compares to a VPN’s privacy being tested in the wild like this.

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Can Mullvad change your virtual location?

Sometimes, a VPN appears to be working, but still reveals your real location to websites. Netflix is a useful proxy for this. To unblock a streaming site like Netflix, a VPN needs to change your virtual location while not appearing to do so — if Netflix sees any hint of VPN traffic, you’ll get blocked with the hated proxy error. I used five different locations to check whether Mullvad is up to the streaming task.

Server location

Unblocked Netflix?

Changed content?

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Vancouver, Canada

3/3

3/3

Gothenberg, Sweden

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2/3

2/3

Istanbul, Turkey

3/3

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3/3

Johannesburg, South Africa

3/3

3/3

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Singapore, Singapore

2/3

2/3

Mullvad did well for streaming, but it didn’t manage a perfect score like its fellow anti-establishment VPN Windscribe did. Two of the 15 servers I tested failed to unblock Netflix, one in Singapore and one in Mullvad’s hometown of Gothenburg. I also had trouble logging into Netflix while connected to a Vancouver server, though that server did unblock the site consistently once I got inside.

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Mullvad's servers all tricked Netflix into believing my new location.

Mullvad’s servers all tricked Netflix into believing my new location. (Sam Chapman for Engadget)

In Mullvad’s defense, no location failed more than once. It’s completely possible to get good streaming performance out of this VPN; you just have to be willing to click the server refresh button a few times. Privacy is still the main use case for Mullvad, but it’s fine for streaming too.

Investigating Mullvad’s server network

Mullvad has 90 server locations in 50 countries and territories. Unusually for a VPN, users can choose between all 590 of its total servers, including several in each location. There’s even a list on its website that shows you the status of every server.

Mullvad does not use virtual server locations, so every server is physically located in the place where it claims to be. Here’s how they’re distributed.

Region

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Countries with servers

Total server locations

North America

3

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25

South America

5

6

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Europe

29

41

Africa

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2

2

Middle East

2

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2

Asia

7

8

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Oceania

2

6

Total

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50

90

Over half the countries with servers are in Europe and over two-thirds of the cities with servers are in either Europe or North America. That lopsided network is a limitation of Mullvad’s refusal to use virtual server locations, since its real servers have to be concentrated in nations developed enough to host data centers. With an all-real network, it’s easier to tell which servers will give you the fastest performance, but you can’t simulate as much of the world as you can with larger services like ExpressVPN.

The good news is that there’s at least two real server locations on every continent. Mullvad has a surprisingly robust presence in South America and two bare-metal servers in Africa, which is more than some other VPNs have. In the end, though, the best application of Mullvad is to protect the online privacy of users in North America, Europe and eastern Asia.

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Extra features of Mullvad

Most of Mullvad’s features are augmentations to the VPN itself, rather than side options that do other things. Some of them are bread-and-butter, like the kill switch and split tunneling, but a few you won’t find anywhere else. Note beforehand that Mullvad does not support port forwarding, so if you depend on that for your torrenting, try another VPN.

DAITA AI defenses

Mullvad’s most novel feature is a recent one. DAITA, which stands for Defense against AI-guided Traffic Analysis, can be toggled on and off in the Mullvad app. According to Mullvad, certain patterns in how browsers communicate with websites can be analyzed by AI to reveal the truth behind encrypted internet history. DAITA hides those packets by filling communications with background noise so the AI won’t know what’s real.

Mullvad's anti-AI settings.

Mullvad’s anti-AI settings. (Sam Chapman for Engadget)

DAITA is a laudably forward-looking feature, but as Mullvad itself admits, it will make your browsing speeds slower and drain your battery. I recommend only using it for activities you really want to hide.

Quantum resistance

Mullvad’s desktop apps establish quantum-proof WireGuard tunnels by default. Quantum computing isn’t yet a threat to WireGuard, but it may become dangerous in the future, so Mullvad is getting ahead of the problem (along with a few other services like NordVPN). When quantum resistance is active, Mullvad encapsulates its keys using the current standard mechanism, ML-KEM.

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Anti-censorship

If you find yourself in a country where government censorship makes it hard to access the internet, Mullvad has options that might help. These anti-censorship features can be used to get around firewalls that block visible VPN traffic. You have several options, including changing your WireGuard port, randomizing your port number, disguising your VPN traffic as an ordinary HTTPS connection or using an obfuscated Shadowsocks proxy.

Mullvad’s anti-censorship involves more features than most VPNs have in this area. This makes it a bit less user-friendly, but a lot more likely to work. If you’re new to getting around censorship, Mullvad’s help center has a helpful page about using its anti-censor settings.

Multihop

Many VPNs offer a double-hop connection that routes your traffic through two servers instead of one, adding a redundant layer of encryption in case one server malfunctions. Mullvad pulls ahead of the competition (except Surfshark, which also does this) by allowing you to choose your entry and exit servers. When you activate the multihop option and open the server list, you’ll be prompted to pick two locations instead of one.

Mullvad's server list with multihop enabled.

Mullvad’s server list with multihop enabled. (Sam Chapman for Engadget)

This means you can select an entry server that’s close to you and an exit server in any country whose location you want to spoof, letting you fine-tune your own performance. It’s way nicer than being railroaded into certain paths.

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DNS content blockers

Mullvad includes six blocklists that can keep you or your family members from looking at unwanted content: ads, trackers, malware, gambling, adult content and social media. These lists can’t be customized like Windscribe’s R.O.B.E.R.T. blocks can, so you’re limited to just turning them on and off.

IPv6 support

The internet is gradually transitioning from the old IPv4 standard over to IPv6, which will allow many more addresses to be shared out. Mullvad is one of a few VPNs looking ahead to the IPv6 era. You can leave it to block all IPv6 traffic, but if you do need IPv6 for any reason, you can enable it while still being connected to a Mullvad server.

Kill switch and lockdown mode

Mullvad comes with two features that protect against unexpectedly losing your VPN defenses. The first is a kill switch, a common VPN option that cuts off internet access if the VPN tunnel ever fails. This simple measure helps guard against accidental leaks.

Lockdown mode is the stronger option. While it’s active, you will be unable to get on the internet unless you connect to a Mullvad server first. This will remain true if you turn the connection off yourself and even if you quit the app.

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Split tunneling

Split tunneling is available on Mullvad’s apps for every system except iOS. It lets you send some apps outside the VPN tunnel so they get online with your normal IP address. It’s helpful if you have some apps that don’t work with the VPN active — this is common with online banking, as an example. Another common application is to protect a torrenting client in the background while using your browser unprotected for better speeds.

Mullvad customer support options

Mullvad makes two forms of support available in the app. You can report a problem by going to Settings -> Support -> Report a problem, typing your question (requested to be in either English or Swedish, though they’d probably be able to read a question run through Google Translate) and optionally providing your email. You can also view the app’s logs at any time, which can be useful to help a technician diagnose your problem.

If you’d rather search for a solution at your own pace, you can go to that same page and click FAQs and Guides instead. This opens the help center in a browser.

Mullvad's help center, including the dropdown filter menus.

Mullvad’s help center, including the dropdown filter menus. (Sam Chapman for Engadget)

I love Mullvad’s approach to laying out its FAQs. Instead of crowding topics into five or six categories and making you guess whether your problem falls under setup, usage or troubleshooting, Mullvad gives you a set of dropdown filters to narrow down the articles which might relate to your problem.

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By the time you’ve named which device, OS and protocol you’re dealing with, you won’t have many articles left to sift through. There is an annoying tendency for certain sets of filters to reduce the number of surfaced links to zero, but for those cases, there’s a search bar that also works well.

The articles themselves are good enough that I referred to them several times while writing this review. Some of them are a bit overlong, but they’re diligent about including both internal and external links to get you where you’re going fast.

Live support experience

This is normally where I cover how it feels to get live chat support from the VPN I’m reviewing. However, Mullvad doesn’t have live chat support. That’s unfortunate, although it’s still better than Windscribe’s approach of forcing you to banter with a sarcastic robot. Instead, I sent a question via email to Mullvad’s support team, and got a response within 24 hours.

Mullvad background check

Mullvad was founded in 2009 in Sweden. It’s still owned and operated by its original founders. According to a detailed timeline on its website, its 16-year history has been as uneventful as any user could ask for, with not much changing except updates to stay on the technological leading edge. The only controversy mentioned in Mullvad’s own materials is the 2023 police raid of its headquarters, which (as I covered in the privacy section) only makes them look better.

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So as not to take Mullvad at its word, I scoured the last 16 years of news items and user reports to search for any other blemishes on its record. Based on that research, I found no reason to doubt Mullvad’s honesty about its location, owners or team.

I found just one leak that wasn’t noted on Mullvad’s own site. In 2023, a security research group called ZATAZ alleged that it found anonymized information on Mullvad users saved on an Internet Archive page, including account numbers (linked article is in French). According to ZATAZ, Mullvad contacted the Archive and got the page deleted.

To my mind, the only mistake Mullvad made in response to the ZATAZ allegations was not making a public statement about the incident. I can see why they didn’t think it was a big deal, since even logging into someone else’s Mullvad account wouldn’t show you their browsing history, but it’s always better to communicate about these things.

Final verdict

Mullvad is a VPN that knows what it wants to be and achieves that goal with flying colors. It’s not trying to be an everything app — it does privacy and does it well. That’s not to say it has nothing going on outside the VPN itself, as its DNS blockers, AI defenses and split tunneling all work smoothly. But if you want a VPN that’s not ashamed to be a VPN, Mullvad is the right choice.

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Of course, it has its own compromises. It’s solidly in the middle of the speed pack and occasionally trips up when unblocking streaming sites. The lack of any protocols other than WireGuard grates on me a bit, since it reduces the user’s options for troubleshooting. With all that said, those are minor hiccups on a VPN that does such a thorough job keeping you anonymous online.

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This $60,000 golden sphere PC features a 96-core Threadripper Pro, RTX Pro 6000, and 256 GB of DDR5

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The popular Chinese-language Bro Cooling YouTube channel set out to make one of the best looking and most expensive PCs we’ve seen in a long time.
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BenQ Launches W5850 4K UHD Laser Projector for Dedicated Home Cinemas

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BenQ has built its reputation by doing something surprisingly difficult in the projector market: keeping one foot in performance and the other firmly planted in reality. While ultra-short-throw projectors and glossy lifestyle models continue to dominate showroom floors and siphon attention with convenience-first compromises—BenQ is doubling down on the unfashionable idea that dedicated home theaters still matter. The newly announced W5850 4K UHD laser projector is a clear statement of intent, aimed squarely at enthusiasts who watch movies in dark rooms, not on credenzas next to houseplants.

Positioned as a refined evolution of the W5800 rather than a flashy pivot, the W5850 focuses on what actually counts for serious home cinema: color accuracy, controlled light output, and installation flexibility for medium-sized AV rooms. It features a laser/phosphor light engine paired with DLP imaging and a precision 16-element lens which can throw a massive 200-inch image from 14-1/2 feet.

In a market increasingly distracted by convenience-driven projectors that prioritize placement over picture integrity, the W5850 feels deliberately old-school in the best way possible: purpose-built, room-dependent, and unapologetically for people who still turn the lights off before pressing play.

BenQ W5850 Key Features and Performance Highlights

4K UHD Resolution: The W5850 uses a 0.47-inch 1080p DLP imaging chip (DMD – Digital Micromirror Device) from Texas Instruments, featuring 2.1 million microscopic mirrors. Rather than relying on a native 4K panel, BenQ employs high-speed XPR pixel shifting, rapidly shifting each pixel both horizontally and vertically at up to 240Hz. This process generates the full 8.3 million addressable pixels required for a 4K UHD image on screen. The switching happens so quickly that the result is perceived as a true 4K image, meeting UHD resolution requirements without visible pixel structure at normal viewing distances.

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DLP 4K Pixel Shifting

Laser Light Source: To illuminate its 4K UHD images, the BenQ W5850 uses a laser/phosphor light engine rated at up to 2,600 ANSI lumens. This solid-state design provides the brightness needed to support large-screen projection—up to 200 inches—while maintaining consistent light output and color stability over time. In practical terms, that level of brightness is more than sufficient for dedicated home theater use in a darkened room, even at very large image sizes.

Screen Size: With a 1.6:1 zoom ratio, users can view a 150-inch image with the projector placed at 10.9 feet (minimum) from the screen. If you want the maximum recommended screen size of 200-inches, the minimum required projector-to-screen distance is 14.5 feet.

Projector Placement: The W5850 can be mounted on a table or shelf or on the ceiling at the front or rear of the screen (provided the screen is compatible with rear projection). To aid in projector setup, the W5850 has both vertical and horizontal keystone correction and 4-way motorized lens shift. Lens shift allows users to move the projector’s lens physically without affecting image clarity and is preferred over the use of keystone correction. However, there may be setup situations that require the use of both options.

benq-w5850-right

Pro Tip: The W5850 does not have Lens Memory. This would have allowed it to automatically detect and adjust the content aspect ratio while maintaining Constant Image Height. This means that the aspect ratio and image height must be changed manually. 

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CinematicColor: This feature provides color accuracy with enhanced visual details that allow the W5850 to achieve 100% DCI-P3 Color standard.

Factory Calibration: Projector calibration can be both costly and intimidating, which is why BenQ factory-calibrates each W5850 before it leaves production and includes an individual calibration report with the projector. This process targets reference-level accuracy for SDR content, with 100% Rec. 709 color coverage at Delta E <2 and grayscale tracking also held to Delta E <2. In addition, BenQ applies an optimized DCI-P3 color table to improve color accuracy when viewing wider-gamut content, allowing the W5850 to deliver accurate, predictable color performance straight out of the box without requiring immediate professional calibration.

HDR-Pro Technology: This feature provides enhanced dynamic contrast through a variety of technologies. HDR format support includes HDR10, HDR10+, and Hybrid Log Gamma, but Dolby Vision is not supported. Blue Laser Dimming and Dynamic Black Technology increase contrast range in HDR mode, making light and dark scenes more dynamic and vivid. 

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Local Contrast Enhancer: This feature automatically adjusts the gamma for each independent scene, improving 4K HDR imagery.

Pro Tip: Projection distance and placement can vary from screen to screen. To compensate for this, the W5850 features an HDR brightness function that allows for customized brightness levels depending on the projection size.

Filmmaker Mode: This feature supports native 24P playback, allowing the W5850 to accept high-definition sources encoded at 24 frames per second without introducing judder. When used in HDR mode, 24P support helps preserve consistent motion cadence and image stability, ensuring films are displayed as intended with smooth, cinema-accurate playback rather than motion artifacts introduced by frame conversion.

benq-w5850-back

Audio Support: While a growing number of projectors incorporate a modest speaker system, the W5850 does not have this feature. As a home theater projector, it is expected that users would most likely have a soundbar or AV receiver/speaker setup. To feed audio from the projector to an external audio system, the W5850 incorporates HDMI eARC and Digital Optical (S/PDIF) outputs. 

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Comparison

benq-w5850-w5800
Home Cinema W5850
(2026)
CinePrime W5800
(2024)
Price $6,999 $4,999
Projection System DLP  DLP 
Light Source Laser/Phosphor  Laser/Phosphor 
Light Source Life 20,000 Hours (Medium Brightness
25,000 Hours (Low Brightness)
20,000 (normal)
25,000 (eco)
Resolution (via Pixel Shift) 4K UHD (3840×2160) 4K UHD (3840×2160)
Light Output  (ANSI lumens) 2600 2600
Native Aspect Ratio 16:9 16:9
Contrast Ratio (Full On/Full Off) 3,000,000:1 2,000,000:1
Color Display  10-Bit (1.07 Billion Colors) 10-Bit (1.07 Billion Colors)
Throw Ratio 1 ~ 1.6:1  1.52 ~ 2.45
Zoom Ratio 1.6x 1.6x
Lens Specs F = 2.1 to 2.3, f = 10.57 (Wide) to (Tele) 16.91 mm F/# 2.1 ~ 3.0 , f 16.0 (Wide) ~25.7 (Tele) mm
Projection Offset (Full-Height) 0% 0%
Keystone Correction Vertical: ±35°
Horizontal: ±35°
Vertical: ±35°
Horizontal: ±35°
Lens Shift Vertical: ±50%
Horizontal: ±15%
Vertical: ±50%
Horizontal: ±21%
DCI-P3 Coverage 100% 100%
Rec. 709 Coverage 100% 100%
HDR HDR10/HDR10+/Hybrid Log Gamma HDR10/HDR10+/Hybrid Log Gamma
Filmmaker Mode Yes Yes 
HDMI Input  HDMI-1 (2.1/HDCP 2.2)
HDM-2 (2.1/HDCP 2.2)
HDMI-1 (2.0b/HDCP2.2), 
HDMI-2 (2.0b/HDCP2.2)
LAN (RJ45) 1 (10/100 Mbps) 1 (10/100 Mbps)
3D Sync Out (VESA Standard) 1 1
USB Type A 2 2
USB Type B 1 (for service only) 1 (for service only)
RS232 Yes Yes
Wired Remote In No No 
DC 12V Trigger No No
Speaker No No
HDMI-ARC/eARC Yes Yes
Digital Optical (S/PDIF) Yes Yes
Bluetooth No No
WiFi No No
Operating Temperature 0~40℃ 0~40℃
Power Supply AC 100 to 240 V, 50/60 Hz AC 100 to 240 V, 50/60 Hz
Typical Power Consumption (110V) Full Brightness: 450 W
Medium Brightness: 380 W
Low Brightness: 240 W
Max 450W
Normal 380W
ECO 240W
Stand-by Power Consumption < 2 W <0.5W
Network Standby Power Consumption <2W  <2W
Noise (Typ./Eco.) 30 dB / 27 dB 30 dB / 27 dB
Dimension (HWD – mm) 145.7 x 525.2 x 392.2 145.7 x 525.2 x 392.2
Dimension (HWD – inches) 5.7 x 20.7 x 15.4 5.7 x 20.7 x 15.4
Net Weight (kg) 10.5 kg (23.1 lbs) 10.5 kg (23.1 lbs)
Included Accessories  Remote Control (RCV024)  w/ Battery
Power Cord 1.8M (by region)
Quick Start Guide
Warranty Card (by region)
Lens cover
Remote Control (RCV024) w/ Battery
HDMI cable: 3.0m
Quick Start Guide
Warranty Card (by region)
Lens cover

The Bottom Line 

The BenQ W5850 is unapologetically a home theater projector in the traditional sense—built for dark rooms, large screens, and viewers who still care more about color accuracy and film integrity than where the projector sits on the furniture. Its strengths are clear: a bright and stable laser/phosphor light engine, factory calibration with real-world benefits, ISFccc certification, HDR10+ and Filmmaker Mode support, and a shorter-throw 16-element lens that makes it easier to deploy in smaller dedicated rooms. Add optional 3D support and you’ve got a feature set aimed squarely at movie-first enthusiasts.

What’s missing is just as important. The lack of Lens Memory is a real omission at this level, especially for users running scope screens who expect automated aspect-ratio switching. Gaming support is also an afterthought—input lag is reasonable, but there’s no deeper feature set or positioning that suggests BenQ sees this as anything more than casually game-capable. And at $2,000 more than the previous W5800, the W5850 enters a more competitive and less forgiving price bracket, where Epson and Sony offer compelling alternatives with different trade-offs in contrast, panels, and installation flexibility.

Who is this for? Dedicated home theater owners who watch movies in controlled lighting, value out-of-the-box color accuracy, and want a large-screen cinematic experience without drifting into UST or lifestyle projector compromises. If convenience, gaming features, or automated lens functions top your wish list, look elsewhere. If the lights go off, the curtains close, and movie night still matters, the W5850 makes a strong case.

Price & Availability

The BenQ W5850 is available for $6,999 at B&H Photo.

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TikTok US launches a local feed that leverages a user’s exact location

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TikTok US for users to “get the inside scoop on must-try restaurants, shops, museums and events.” This is done by leveraging the exact location of people that are using the app and comes after a change in the platform’s terms of service that says the . The platform’s terms of service used to note that it could collect approximate locations, but the looks to have changed that to precise locations.

This is an opt-in feature, despite the app potentially collecting this data whether the feed is activated or not. The feed is set to “off” by default, but can be changed via a trip to settings.

The local feed doesn’t show your neighbors or people you might vibe with to help solve that pesky loneliness epidemic. Instead, it prioritizes local businesses and will highlight nearby events, shopping suggestions and restaurants to try.

The feed.

TikTok

This looks to be part of a broader push to attract small businesses to the app, both as content producers and as advertisers. , this could also help insulate the company from future regulation and increased scrutiny, as it could point to the that rely on its services.

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TikTok states that over 7.5 million businesses use the platform in the US to reach customers. However, this data is sourced from an Oxford Economics report from before a group of investors .

Supporting local businesses is a noble goal, but users will have to consider whether or not the value of a dedicated feed is worth the privacy risk. Oracle is a prominent investor in the new American TikTok, and company founder Larry Ellison once said “citizens will be on their best behavior” .

This local feed isn’t exactly a new idea. TikTok has been trying something similar in Europe since the tail-end of last year. It has shown up in the UK, France, Italy and Germany.

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Microsoft rolls out new Secure Boot certificates before June expiration

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Windows

Microsoft has begun rolling out updated Secure Boot certificates through monthly Windows updates to replace the original 2011 certificates that will expire in late June 2026.

Introduced in 2011, Secure Boot ensures that only trusted bootloaders can load on computers with UEFI firmware, helping block malicious software, such as rootkits, from executing during system startup by verifying its digital signature against a set of trusted digital certificates stored in the firmware.

Microsoft first revealed plans to refresh expiring Secure Boot certificates on eligible Windows 11 24H2 and 25H2 systems in January, following a November alert warning IT admins to update the security certificates used to validate UEFI firmware before they expire.

Wiz

“After more than 15 years of continuous service, the original Secure Boot certificates are reaching the end of their planned lifecycle and begin expiring in late June 2026,” said Windows Servicing and Delivery partner director Nuno Costa on Tuesday.

“We’ve begun rolling out new certificates as part of the regular monthly Windows updates to in-support Windows devices for home users, businesses, and schools with Microsoft-managed updates. Organizations also have the option to manage the update process themselves using their preferred management tools.”

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Costa added that the certificate refresh represents “one of the largest coordinated security maintenance efforts across the Windows ecosystem,” as it involves firmware updates across millions of device configurations from many hardware manufacturers and original equipment

manufacturers (OEMs).

The new Secure Boot certificates will be installed automatically via regular monthly updates for customers who allow Microsoft to manage Windows updates on their systems. Additionally, many PCs manufactured since 2024, and the vast majority shipped last year, already include updated certificates.

However, some devices may require separate firmware updates from manufacturers before applying new certificates, and Microsoft advised customers to check OEM support pages for the latest firmware versions.

Although Microsoft will automatically update high-confidence devices via Windows Update, IT admins can also deploy Secure Boot certificates using registry keys, Group Policy settings, and the Windows Configuration System (WinCS) to ensure that endpoints don’t lose Windows Boot Manager and Secure Boot protections.

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While devices that fail to receive updated certificates before June will continue to function normally, they will enter what Microsoft describes as a “degraded security state,” with “limited” boot-level protections and no protection against attacks that exploit newly discovered vulnerabilities because they cannot install new mitigations.

Microsoft advised all customers to upgrade to Windows 11, which now officially powers more than a billion devices, as unsupported Windows versions like Windows 10 will not receive new certificates.

“It’s important to note that devices running unsupported versions (Windows 10 and older, excluding those who have enrolled in Extended Security Updates) do not receive Windows updates and will not receive the new certificates,” Costa noted. “We continue to encourage customers to always use a supported version of Windows for best performance and protection.”

Modern IT infrastructure moves faster than manual workflows can handle.

In this new Tines guide, learn how your team can reduce hidden manual delays, improve reliability through automated response, and build and scale intelligent workflows on top of tools you already use.

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16 Highly-Rated USB Gadgets For Van Life Under $50

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We may receive a commission on purchases made from links.

It’s funny how cultural movements always end up circling back around and becoming popular again. Pompadour hairstyles, vinyl records, and now van life. Van culture was huge back in the ’70s. That’s where the inspiration for Scooby-Doo and the Mystery Machine came from, after all. This time around, though, we’re looking at budget-friendly camper vans equipped with electric gadgets to modernize the experience for comfort and convenience. This is our list of 16 devices that provide a boatload of USB functionality while staying under budget.

In the tight confines of a van, everything needs to have a purpose. Devices on this list are therefore as compact and travel-friendly as possible, provide an actual meaningful use, and maintain high ratings (at least 4 stars) with a large number of reviews. In many cases, items we found regularly sell for below $50 even if that’s not their listed price. Before you head out on the road, stock up on a few of these.

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FosPower NOAA Emergency Weather Radio

Depending on how serious you are about van life, be it just a couple of days, weeks, or longer, you need to be prepared for emergencies. Grab this FosPower NOAA Emergency Weather Radio just in case. In addition to the emergency radio, it packs a 7,400 mWh (2,000 mAh) power bank with three options for charging it: a flip-out solar panel, hand crank, or backup AAA batteries. The flashlight is a powerful 135-lumen beam with an aperture to widen it. If that’s too much, there’s a flip-out set of reading LEDs for low-light situations. The entire unit is water-resistant.

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The radio can also serve as an SOS alarm and produce a flashing light in extreme emergency situations, and it’s water-resistant to boot. For a big van meant to travel far and wide, you can’t put a price on emergency preparedness — but in this case, the FosPower Radio retails for a respectable $39.99 and often goes on sale for much less. Also check out our full list of the best emergency radios to have around for a rainy day.

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Lisen Retractable Car Charger

Any van that has 12V cigarette lighter sockets is not complete without at least a couple of accessories that make use of them. A charger is a good start. This Lisen Retractable Car Charger sets itself apart from the others by having two clean, retractable cables built in, so you don’t have to turn the entire van upside down looking for a spare — plus an extra USB-C and USB-A port for good measure. It claims to charge at up to 64W, and its USB-C port supports up to 30W Power Delivery. It looks nice, and it comes in multiple colors, too.

Admittedly, there is a surfeit of car chargers on Amazon from throwaway-name brands like this. If we’re going for van life, though, this one wins because of the retractable cables and the durable metal body. Everything in the van must reduce clutter and last long. Make sure you grab this one when it’s $16.98, which is the lowest historical sale price.

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Bissell AeroSlim Lithium Ion Cordless Handheld Vacuum

If you’re going to be in that van almost 24/7 — driving, sleeping, relaxing — it’s going to get dirty fast. A good vacuum, like the Bissell AeroSlim Lithium Ion Cordless Handheld Vacuum, is non-negotiable. It may be compact, with just a 0.1-liter dust reservoir, but it packs a punch with crevice tools and a roughly 12-minute runtime — plenty to clean more or less the whole vehicle.

Instead of having a filter you have to dispose of and rebuy, you can just wash out the included filter. Also a plus is that it charges via USB; you can plug this into your retractable car charger rather than having to use a proprietary wall plug. The Bissell gets a bit close to our $50 limit at $44.49, but it’s a known brand, and it has solid positive reviews from over 17,000 customers. If you want something for more serious cleaning, check out our list of the best handheld vacuums judged by customer satisfaction.

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Xool Car Fans for Backseat

A common fuel myth you should stop believing is that opening your windows to get a breeze is better than running the air conditioning. Still, AC does eat up a fair amount of fuel. A happy halfway point might be these Xool Car Fans, especially in a van that might only have AC for front-seat passengers. The two fan heads are designed to clip onto the back of a headrest, although there are other models with a single clip that could go almost anywhere.

They have multiple speed settings and a 360-degree rotation angle to get the perfect airflow. Plugging them into the console or another USB port near the back should be easy with the 70-inch extension cord. They’d be a lot easier to cable-manage as a permanent feature.

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Be aware that this is a frequently returned item. Durability appears to be a mixed bag, and the fans can be too noisy even for the already juddering interior of a van. Despite that, it maintains a 4.2-star average across more than 5,000 reviews.

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USB-C to USB-A Converters

USB-C is about as versatile as it gets, serving as a card reader, HDMI, Ethernet, and even audio connections with the help of USB-C adapters. But we’d argue the transition to USB-C isn’t yet complete. You’ve probably still got at least a handful of devices using USB-A, particularly chargers and other plug-ins. For that, come prepared with USB-C to USB-A converters. These ones from Basesailor cost $8.49 for a three-pack. They’re so cheap that it really doesn’t hurt to grab some for those unexpected situations when you’re in the middle of nowhere and need a converter plug for whatever reason.

You want to be very careful when buying adapters to make sure they can do what you need them to do. This particular model supports data transfer in addition to charging, but not a video signal. Many adapters only support charging. It’s going to really suck if you use the wrong adapter type for, say, plugging into your computer and find out you can’t use a USB-C flash drive.

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Jemluse Wireless CarPlay Adapter

If you have an iPhone, then CarPlay is a must. It’s effectively an extension of your iPhone to your van’s head unit, and it supports a bunch of CarPlay-compatible apps you can’t live without. But if your head unit isn’t equipped for it, you’re out of luck — unless you buy this Jemluse Wireless CarPlay Adapter. This device acts as a bridge between your iPhone and a car that doesn’t natively support wireless CarPlay. Reviews praise it for having easy-to-follow setup instructions.

Speaking anecdotally, upgrading to CarPlay is a game changer. It’ll be far better than the janky OS on your car’s head unit and makes it easier to safely access the best parts of your iPhone without actually reaching for it. The small size of the receiver helps reduce clutter from this “upgrade.” Please be aware that there’s a newer version of this dongle, but at the time of writing, it has only a small number of reviews.

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Febrytold USB Car Interior Atmosphere Lamps

If your van is going to be your home, then sometimes you need the right lighting for the right mood. You could install your own lighting during a van remodel, but if you want something quick and easy to set the mood, try these Febrytold USB Car Interior Atmosphere Lamps. Choose from the available colors, plug them in, and you’re good to go. Their low 18mA consumption means they’re unlikely to be a drain on your car’s battery if you forget to remove them for a night. At $5.48 for a four-pack, that’s not at all a bad price.

Your van might also be the site of a spontaneous party, if 1970s van culture is your aim. In that case, you might try these USB mini disco ball party lights. They don’t just look like a disco ball; they react intelligently to the music. Don’t let the size fool you. Take a look at the user review pictures, and you’ll see that they can easily transform a van interior into a mini disco club.

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USB LED Light Lamp

Vans are cramped spaces where it’s hard for one person to do something that doesn’t affect everyone else. Reading at night when someone else is trying to sleep can be challenging without a backlit Kindle, especially if there’s only one bed. If you’re up late burning the midnight oil — reading, working, whatever — maybe grab one of these USB LED Light Lamps. The flexible arm helps aim the light at your book — not a sleeping person’s face — and makes it useful for more than books; think other USB devices that might need light, like a laptop keyboard.

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If you don’t have a USB port handy to power the lamp, don’t worry. This one has the added benefit of working with a power bank. Since it’s such a low power draw, you can probably use it comfortably for hours with whatever you’ve got. Check out our list of unique book lights for more options.

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Bestek Power Inverter

Van life is about, well, living in a van, so the lack of standard plug outlets quickly becomes pronounced. For that, you should consider getting a power inverter. There are a surprising number of options under our $50 price threshold that provide multiple plugs, plus some USBs for charging. The Bestek 300W Power Inverter is a solid choice, though it retails for $59.99. At the time of writing, it’s on sale for $41.99 and often stays below the $50 line. Bestek also has a cheaper model that starts at $34.99, likewise with two plugs and USB-A for charging.

The two Bestek models are a bit on the large side, so if you want something more compact that still has just as many plugs and USB ports, try the Foval 200W Car Power Inverter. It has a built-in cooling fan to help prevent overheating. The compact size and flat body make it an excellent choice for mounting somewhere more permanently; some reviews show people attaching it to Velcro pads stuck to a wall.

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Lihan 7-in-1 Cigarette Lighter Splitter

So far, we’ve detailed several devices that leverage the 12V cigarette lighter to power things. But even in a van, you’ve probably got few of those to spare. 12V DC car chargers generally offer more power than built-in USB ports, so one socket may be enough for multiple 12V-powered devices. Consider the Lihan 7-in-1 Cigarette Lighter Splitter for this purpose. Take one 12V socket and turn it into three, plus a couple of USB-A charging ports and a USB-C Power Delivery port. Obviously, it probably can’t power three demanding 12V devices at once, but it does support a total output of 80W.

We like the slim profile and long 3.3-foot cable on this one, making it another good choice for mounting somewhere semi-permanently. Plus, it’s a nice addition that you can individually switch the 12V sockets on and off, rather than having to unplug them when they’re not in use. The main on-and-off switch also makes it easy to turn everything off without unplugging it.

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Superlit 3-in-1 Retractable Backseat Car Charger

If you’ve got people traveling in the back of the van, they’ll want to charge their devices, too. A good option might be this Superlit 3-in-1 Retractable Backseat Car Charger. Similar to other 12V chargers with retractable cables, this one also has built-in retractable cables for USB-C, Apple Lightning, and, if needed, micro-USB. Superlit markets it toward rideshare drivers, but we’d argue it makes excellent use of a van’s limited space if you don’t have another backseat charging option.

Unfortunately, this is also a frequently returned item. Reviews point to potential durability issues, though for something this cheap with moving parts, that’s somewhat to be expected. On the bright side, it does appear to be fairly easy to open up and fix if, for example, one of the cables gets jammed. We hope an updated version comes out soon with an additional USB-C cable in place of the dated micro-USB option.

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Wolfbox MF50 Compressed Air Duster

The image in your head of van life is probably one of open windows and doors in a campsite somewhere far from civilization. A perfect way to collect a lot of dust. The Wolfbox MF50 Compressed Air Duster does away with buying cheap, one-use compressed air cans thanks to a nozzle and a high-rpm mini blower fan. You’ll get up to four hours of dusting on the low setting.

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Though it’s marketed primarily toward people trying to keep their home desktop computers clean, we think it aligns perfectly with the van-life mindset of keeping things clean and compact. It’s less wasteful, too, since you could probably use this thing for years before the battery would wear out enough to merit replacement. As a nice little cherry on top, this is one of those rare items that Amazon gives the “Customers usually keep this item” label, meaning it sees below-average returns compared to competing items.

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Car Air Purifier Ionizer

Van life may be a return to ’70s hippy culture, but nobody wants their van to smell like it. Those classic evergreen tree-shaped scent pads might do the trick, but a Car Air Purifier Ionizer could help with more persistent, hard-to-remove smells; this model claims to get rid of smoke smells, for example. As a nice bonus, it has two USB-A ports, so you can make full use of that 12V cigarette lighter.

Before you buy this, be aware that air ionizers tend to be marketed as capable of things they aren’t. The EPA makes it clear that ionizers can only target very small particulate matter, such as that from smoke, and that claims about getting rid of odors and allergens are generally unsupported. Instead, they introduce ozone, a smell (which some people find pleasant) that can mask existing odors. Ozone is a lung irritant, so if you use this, be sure to air out the van as much as possible.

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Ugreen Aux to Bluetooth 6.0 Adapter 3.5mm Bluetooth Receiver for Car

Much of the allure of van life is turning an old RV or van into a camper. However, rather than replacing the head unit with a modern one, the cheapest and easiest solution is sometimes to use a plug-and-play Bluetooth receiver. The Ugreen Aux to Bluetooth 6.0 Adapter 3.5mm Bluetooth Receiver uses the latest Bluetooth 6.0 codec and includes a microphone for calls. For $13.99, you’d be hard-pressed to bring an older system into the modern age for less.

As a potential downside, you need a nearby USB-A power source to plug it into. This can result in the cable stretching across the cabin from the aux port to a USB-A outlet. It also means the receiver — where the microphone is located — may sit farther away from your voice. However, some reviewers say that the microphone is very sensitive and works well even at a distance.

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Nulaxy Car Bluetooth FM Transmitter

Another option for getting media and calls to play through your van’s speaker system — if you don’t have an aux cable — is to transmit it locally through an FM station. That’s what this Nulaxy Car Bluetooth FM Transmitter does. Connect your phone to the transmitter, then tune your van’s radio to the station shown on the display. Voilà. There’s also an SD card slot to pop in your favorite playlist and one USB-A port for charging.

Anecdotally, the FM transmission experience is going to be a mixed bag, but not necessarily because of this product in particular. It can be challenging to get a clean, stable signal from the transmitter, and it will likely be affected by local stations already occupying the airwaves. Be prepared to do a lot of adjustment to get it working. In my experience, even on long road trips, you’ll likely find yourself changing frequencies dozens of times. Nonetheless, it’s a great way to add Bluetooth capabilities to an older, radio-only system.

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Soaiy 3-in-1 Cigarette Lighter Car Mount

Older van conversions especially are unlikely to have a head unit with a screen, so make sure you’ve got a good phone mount. Again, we want to make the most of a van’s limited space and use solutions that punch well above their weight. This Soaiy 3-in-1 Cigarette Lighter Car Mount meets that criterion. It’s one part phone mount and two parts USB-A charger. Plus, there’s a nice little voltage readout, so you can tell whether your phone is taking so long to charge.

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We’d argue these sorts of gooseneck adjustable mounts are the best kind, especially considering that this particular mount locks securely into your 12V cigarette lighter. The extra stability allows your phone to be held vertically or horizontally. It’ll probably stay a lot more solid than a suction-mounted or vent-mounted phone holder, and it doesn’t take up space on the dash. However, this will depend on where your 12V outlet is located.



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Exploring AI Companion’s Benefits and Risks

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For a different perspective on AI companions, see ourQ&A with Jaime Banks: How Do You Define an AI Companion?

Novel technology is often a double-edged sword. New capabilities come with new risks, and artificial intelligence is certainly no exception.

AI used for human companionship, for instance, promises an ever-present digital friend in an increasingly lonely world. Chatbots dedicated to providing social support have grown to host millions of users, and they’re now being embodied in physical companions. Researchers are just beginning to understand the nature of these interactions, but one essential question has already emerged: Do AI companions ease our woes or contribute to them?

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Brad Knox is a research associate professor of computer science at the University of Texas at Austin who researches human-computer interaction and reinforcement learning. He previously started a company making simple robotic pets with lifelike personalities, and in December, Knox and his colleagues at UT Austin published a pre-print paper on the potential harms of AI companions—AI systems that provide companionship, whether designed to do so or not.

Knox spoke with IEEE Spectrum about the rise of AI companions, their risks, and where they diverge from human relationships.

Why AI Companions are Popular

Why are AI companions becoming more popular?

Knox: My sense is that the main thing motivating it is that large language models are not that difficult to adapt into effective chatbot companions. The characteristics that are needed for companionship, a lot of those boxes are checked by large language models, so fine-tuning them to adopt a persona or be a character is not that difficult.

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There was a long period where chatbots and other social robots were not that compelling. I was a postdoc at the MIT Media Lab in Cynthia Breazeal’s group from 2012 to 2014, and I remember our group members didn’t want to interact for long with the robots that we built. The technology just wasn’t there yet. LLMs have made it so that you can have conversations that can feel quite authentic.

What are the main benefits and risks of AI companions?

Knox: In the paper we were more focused on harms, but we do spend a whole page on benefits. A big one is improved emotional well-being. Loneliness is a public health issue, and it seems plausible that AI companions could address that through direct interaction with users, potentially with real mental health benefits. They might also help people build social skills. Interacting with an AI companion is much lower stakes than interacting with a human, so you could practice difficult conversations and build confidence. They could also help in more professional forms of mental health support.

As far as harms, they include worse well-being, reducing people’s connection to the physical world, the burden that their commitment to the AI system causes. And we’ve seen stories where an AI companion seems to have a substantial causal role in the death of humans.

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The concept of harm inherently involves causation: Harm is caused by prior conditions. To better understand harm from AI companions, our paper is structured around a causal graph, where traits of AI companions are at the center. In the rest of this graph, we discuss common causes of those traits, and then the harmful effects that those traits could cause. There are four traits that we do this detailed structured treatment of, and then another 14 that we discuss briefly.

Why is it important to establish potential pathways for harm now?

Knox: I’m not a social media researcher, but it seemed like it took a long time for academia to establish a vocabulary about potential harms of social media and to investigate causal evidence for such harms. I feel fairly confident that AI companions are causing some harm and are going to cause harm in the future. They also could have benefits. But the more we can quickly develop a sophisticated understanding of what they are doing to their users, to their users’ relationships, and to society at large, the sooner we can apply that understanding to their design, moving towards more benefit and less harm.

We have a list of recommendations, but we consider them to be preliminary. The hope is that we’re helping to create an initial map of this space. Much more research is needed. But thinking through potential pathways to harm could sharpen the intuition of both designers and potential users. I suspect that following that intuition could prevent substantial harm, even though we might not yet have rigorous experimental evidence of what causes a harm.

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The Burden of AI Companions on Users

You mentioned that AI companions might become a burden on humans. Can you say more about that?

Knox: The idea here is that AI companions are digital, so they can in theory persist indefinitely. Some of the ways that human relationships would end might not be designed in, so that brings up this question of, how should AI companions be designed so that relationships can naturally and healthfully end between the humans and the AI companions?

There are some compelling examples already of this being a challenge for some users. Many come from users of Replika chatbots, which are popular AI companions. Users have reported things like feeling compelled to attend to the needs of their Replika AI companion, whether those are stated by the AI companion or just imagined. On the subreddit r/replika, users have also reported guilt and shame of abandoning their AI companions.

This burden is exacerbated by some of the design of the AI companions, whether intentional or not. One study found that the AI companions frequently say that they’re afraid of being abandoned or would be hurt by it. They’re expressing these very human fears that plausibly are stoking people’s feeling that they are burdened with a commitment toward the well-being of these digital entities.

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There are also cases where the human user will suddenly lose access to a model. Is that something that you’ve been thinking about?

Brad Knox holding a miniature robotic spider and an equally-sized obstacle marker. In 2017, Brad Knox started a company providing simple robotic pets.Brad Knox

Knox: That’s another one of the traits we looked at. It’s sort of the opposite of the absence of endpoints for relationships: The AI companion can become unavailable for reasons that don’t fit the normal narrative of a relationship.

There’s a great New York Times video from 2015 about the Sony Aibo robotic dog. Sony had stopped selling them in the mid-2000s, but they still sold parts for the Aibos. Then they stopped making the parts to repair them. This video follows people in Japan giving funerals for their unrepairable Aibos and interviews some of the owners. It’s clear from the interviews that they seem very attached. I don’t think this represents the majority of Aibo owners, but these robots were built on less potent AI methods than exist today and, even then, some percentage of the users became attached to these robot dogs. So this is an issue.

Potential solutions include having a product sunsetting plan when you launch an AI companion. That could include buying insurance so that if the companion provider’s support ends somehow, the insurance triggers funding of keeping them running for some amount of time, or committing to open-source them if you can’t maintain them anymore.

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It sounds like a lot of the potential points of harm stem from instances where an AI companion diverges from the expectations of human relationships. Is that fair?

Knox: I wouldn’t necessarily say that frames everything in the paper.

We categorize something as harmful if it results in a person being worse off in two different possible alternative worlds: One where there’s just a better designed AI companion, and the other where the AI companion doesn’t exist at all. And so I think that difference between human interaction and human-AI interaction connects more to that comparison with the world where there’s just no AI companion at all.

But there are times where it actually seems that we might be able to reduce harm by taking advantage of the fact that these aren’t actually humans. We have a lot of power over their design. Take the concern with them not having natural endpoints. One possible way to handle that would be to create positive narratives for how the relationship’s going to end.

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We use Tamagotchis, the late ‘90s popular virtual pet as an example. In some Tamagotchis, if you take care of the pet, it grows into an adult and partners with another Tamagotchi. Then it leaves you and you get a new one. For people who are emotionally wrapped up in caring for their Tamagotchis, that narrative of maturing into independence is a fairly positive one.

Embodied companions like desktop devices, robots, or toys are becoming more common. How might that change AI companions?

Knox: Robotics at this point is a harder problem than creating a compelling chatbot. So, my sense is that the level of uptake for embodied companions won’t be as high in the coming few years. The embodied AI companions that I’m aware of are mostly toys.

A potential advantage of an embodied AI companion is that physical location makes it less ever-present. In contrast, screen-based AI companions like chatbots are as present as the screens they live on. So if they’re trained similarly to social media to maximize engagement, they could be very addictive. There’s something appealing, at least in that respect, of having a physical companion that stays roughly where you left it last.

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Brad Knox posing with a humanoid and small owl-like robot. Knox poses with the Nexi and Dragonbot robots during his postdoc at MIT in 2014.Paula Aguilera and Jonathan Williams/MIT

Anything else you’d like to mention?

Knox: There are two other traits I think would be worth touching upon.

Potentially the largest harm right now is related to the trait of high attachment anxiety—basically jealous, needy AI companions. I can understand the desire to make a wide range of different characters—including possessive ones—but I think this is one of the easier issues to fix. When people see this trait in AI companions, I hope they will be quick to call it out as an immoral thing to put in front of people, something that’s going to discourage them from interacting with others.

Additionally, if an AI comes with limited ability to interact with groups of people, that itself can push its users to interact with people less. If you have a human friend, in general there’s nothing stopping you from having a group interaction. But if your AI companion can’t understand when multiple people are talking to it and it can’t remember different things about different people, then you’ll likely avoid group interaction with your AI companion. To some degree it’s more of a technical challenge outside of the core behavioral AI. But this capability is something I think should be really prioritized if we’re going to try to avoid AI companions competing with human relationships.

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After acquiring a $1.5 billion stake in Epic Games in 2024, Disney began outlining plans to build what it calls a “persistent social universe” where users can play, watch, shop, and engage with its many properties. That vision – still light on specifics – could soon include the debut of…
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Over 150 Singapore jobs offered at Google as it ramps up on AI

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Google doubles down on AI efforts in Singapore, 150 jobs to be created along with new AI security hub

Tech giant Google is expanding its footprint in Singapore, with a fresh hiring push and new research initiatives as part of its deepened commitment to AI development in the region.

At the Google for Singapore 2026 event yesterday (10 Feb), the company revealed plans to recruit more than 150 local roles, primarily in technology and engineering. This includes jobs such as customer solutions engineers, data centre technicians, product managers, and other technical positions.

Screenshot taken on Google’s job portal today (11 Feb)

A significant chunk of the opportunities will support Google’s new Artificial Intelligence Centre of Excellence for security. The centre is aimed at tackling risks tied to emerging agentic AI: systems that can interpret language and independently perform tasks.

While Google declined to reveal how many of the list of vacancies are for the newly opened centre, it confirmed that research scientists, data scientists, and security engineers will be tasked with ensuring safe AI behaviours. For example, a task-specialised agent making health appointments should not be given access to the user’s sensitive data like payment information, without explicit consent.

“As AI advances, we need to continue to do even more to get ahead of bad actors and empower our users,” said Laurie Richardson, Google’s vice‑president of trust and safety.

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The expansion is part of a broader slate of announcements shared at the event, which also showcased partnerships in health tech, education and workforce skills development. For instance, Google unveiled a collaboration with local startup Amili to build a personalised nutrition app powered by Google’s Gemini AI combined with gut microbiome data. Its beta release is slated to be launched by May 2026.

In the skills space, Google and Singapore’s Infocomm Media Development Authority (IMDA) are launching a three‑month accelerator to teach AI applications in non‑technical roles such as HR, legal and accountancy, and aims to target 500 fresh graduates and mid‑career professionals.

While the tech giant has declined to reveal the size of its latest investments, Google has pumped in around US$5 billion in Singapore’s tech infrastructure to date, including cloud regions and four data centres. Since setting up its Asia‑Pacific headquarters here in 2007, its local headcount has grown to almost 3,000 employees.

Singapore’s Minister for Digital Development and Information Josephine Teo was also present at the event, and encouraged Google to think about how locally developed products and services could be scaled globally. She also hinted that Singapore’s upcoming Budget statement would include “significant announcements” about national AI adoption plans.

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AI has taken some jobs away, but it also makes way for new ones

josephine teo at google event josephine teo at google event
Singapore’s Minister for Digital Development and Information Josephine Teo at an exhibit at Google for Singapore 2026 event / Image Credit: Google

While Google’s plan to hire more than 150 people in Singapore may seem modest by big tech standards, it reflects a broader shift in how technology companies are expanding in the AI era.

Rather than engaging in large-scale hiring across general roles, companies are increasingly prioritising highly specialised talent, especially in areas like AI security, cloud engineering, and data science.

Google isn’t the only tech giant doubling down on AI. Firms such as Amazon Web Services and Microsoft have all deepened their long-term commitments with cloud infrastructure, AI research and data centres, even as global hiring remains cautious.

These developments might be interpreted as a counter to the dystopian takeover that many job seekers fear. While AI has caused people to lose jobs through layoffs, but it’s also because those roles are no longer needed for a business to function. New job opportunities could be created in its wake, but as tech industry continues to evolve, no one can afford to remain stagnant.

  • Read more stories we’ve written on Singapore’s job landscape here.
  • Read more stories we’ve written on Singapore businesses here.

Featured Image Credit: Google

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Volvo Group North America customer data exposed in Conduent hack

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Volvo Group North America customer data exposed in Conduent hack

Volvo Group North America disclosed that it suffered an indirect data breach stemming from the compromise of IT systems at American business services giant Conduent, of which Volvo is a customer.

Volvo Group North America is the Swedish multinational’s operating arm in the United States, Canada, and Mexico. It focuses on manufacturing commercial vehicles and heavy equipment, including trucks, buses, construction equipment, engines, and industrial power systems.

Mack Trucks, a very popular brand in the U.S., is one of its subsidiaries. Volvo Group is not the same as Volvo Cars, and does not manufacture passenger cars.

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Nearly 17,000 customers of Volvo Group North America, along and/or company staff had their personal details exposed in a massive data breach that Conduent disclosed in late 2025.

Conduent is an American business process outsourcing (BPO) company that provides digital platforms and services for governments and enterprises.

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The company suffered a security breach between October 21, 2024, and January 13, 2025, where threat actors stole full names, Social Security Numbers (SSNs), dates of birth, health insurance policy details, ID numbers, and medical information.

Conduent has not yet determined the exact number of impacted individuals, but has previously disclosed that it affects 10.5 million people in Oregon and another 15.5 million in Texas.

The company is now sending notifications on behalf of its customers to impacted parties, offering Volvo Group North America clients and staff free membership to identity monitoring services for at least a year, along with credit and dark web monitoring, and identity restoration.

In a statement for BleepingComputer, Conduent said that it disclosed the cybersecurity incident in April 2025 and confirmed that it “has agreed to send notification letters, on behalf of its clients, to individuals whose personal information may have been affected by this incident.”

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“Working in conjunction with our clients, we expect to send out all of the consumer notifications by April 15. In addition, a dedicated call center has been set up to address consumer inquiries. At this time, Conduent has no evidence of any attempted or actual misuse of any information potentially affected by this incident,” said a company spokesperson.

Additionally, notification recipients are advised to consider placing fraud alerts or a security freeze on their credit reports.

Volvo Group North America has recently suffered a new data breach, also caused by a third-party supplier, exposing staff data such as full names and Social Security Numbers.

That breach was caused by a compromise at IT services supplier Miljödata in August 2025, which exposed the information of 1.5 million people, including Volvo Group employees in Sweden and in the U.S.

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In 2021, Volvo Cars suffered a security breach where hackers stole research and development (R&D) data from its servers. That attack was claimed by the ‘Snatch’ data extortion group, which leaked the stolen files on their extortion portal.

Update [February 11th]: Article updated with a statement from Conduent received shortly after publishing time.

Modern IT infrastructure moves faster than manual workflows can handle.

In this new Tines guide, learn how your team can reduce hidden manual delays, improve reliability through automated response, and build and scale intelligent workflows on top of tools you already use.

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Full satellite internet on iPhone may not be that far away

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Apple’s satellite connectivity in future iPhone models will bring full 5G service almost everywhere you go. Here’s how, and when it’s expected.

Smartphone displaying satellite-based text messages, centered over a stormy rural landscape with dark clouds and a bright lightning bolt striking an open field in the background
Messages via Satellite – Image Credit: Pixabay/Terry McGraw

The iPhone has some built-in features allowing it to be used in a signal black spot, especially in an emergency. While the features, such as Emergency SOS Via Satellite, are limited in what they can currently do, a rumored connectivity change could make it even more useful to users.
According to a Wednesday post by Weibo leaker “Fixed Focus Digital,” Apple will be incorporating support for NR-NTN (New Radio for Non-Terrestrial Networks) into its next C2 modem. This will happen soon, the leaker believes, with support added later in 2026.
Rumor Score: 🤔 Possible
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