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Massive Cochrane Review Finds Vaping Beats Nicotine Patches for Quitting Smoking, With Key Caveats

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Nicotine e-cigarettes may be the most effective tool available for helping smokers quit, outperforming both traditional nicotine replacement therapies like patches and gum and non-nicotine vaping options, according to a major new systematic review published in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.

The international team of researchers behind the review pooled data from 80 randomized controlled trials examining various smoking cessation approaches, drawing on results from nearly 30,000 smokers worldwide. Because the review was published as a “living systematic review,” a format the Cochrane Database uses specifically to continuously incorporate ongoing and emerging evidence, it represents one of the most comprehensive and continuously updated assessments of smoking cessation methods currently available to inform evidence-based medical practice.

Researchers found high-certainty evidence that approximately four additional smokers out of every 100 will successfully quit using nicotine e-cigarettes compared with traditional nicotine replacement therapy options such as patches and gum, tools that have served as the primary recommendation from doctors for decades. Nicotine e-cigarettes also outperformed non-nicotine e-cigarettes, producing roughly two additional successful quitters per 100 smokers.

Nicola Lindson, the study’s lead author and a smoking cessation expert at the University of Oxford, emphasized the practical importance of expanding available quitting options given how difficult the process typically proves for smokers. “Quitting smoking is hard and a lot of people who smoke will have tried many times to quit smoking and been unsuccessful,” Lindson said. “For that reason, it is important that there are a number of different options available to help somebody quit, which could encourage them to keep trying.” Lindson also framed the relevant safety comparison for people who continue actively smoking. “Although nicotine vapes are unlikely to be completely risk-free, they are less harmful than smoking and that is the most important comparison to make for people who are still smoking tobacco.”

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The review’s findings apply specifically and exclusively to regulated nicotine e-cigarettes, not unregulated disposable vapes or devices containing other substances such as THC. Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, a health policy expert at the University of Massachusetts Amherst and one of the review’s authors, drew a clear distinction between the two categories of products. “Unlicensed e-cigarettes are potentially dangerous, with issues including unstable batteries and harmful chemicals,” Hartmann-Boyce said. “Anyone looking to use e-cigarettes to quit smoking should only purchase devices that have been tested and approved by their country’s regulatory body. Lists of regulated devices are available from the FDA in the US and MHRA in the UK.” Hartmann-Boyce further characterized the overall strength of the evidence supporting regulated e-cigarettes as a viable cessation tool specifically. “We have very strong evidence that regulated nicotine e-cigarettes are substantially less harmful than smoking,” Hartmann-Boyce said. “Based on the consistency of the findings here, it’s clear that they are a proven and viable option for people wishing to quit traditional cigarettes.”

Despite the strength of the evidence regarding quit rates, the review carries significant limitations that researchers were careful to flag directly. The study did not examine whether people who successfully quit smoking by switching to vaping subsequently went on to quit vaping itself, or whether they simply transferred their nicotine dependence from cigarettes to e-cigarettes without ultimately breaking free of nicotine altogether. Chris Bullen, a co-author of the study and population health expert at the University of Auckland in New Zealand, was explicit about that gap in the current research. “We did not investigate the issues around use of e-cigarettes in people who don’t smoke, nor of the issues related to becoming dependent on e-cigarettes and how best to quit using them,” Bullen said. “These are genuine concerns that require separate evidence reviews.”

The review also does not resolve the broader question of whether the benefits of using vaping as a quitting tool ultimately outweigh the long-term health risks associated with vaping itself, a question that remains scientifically unsettled given how much more research exists on the long-term effects of traditional cigarette smoking compared with vaping, a considerably newer product category. According to the review, no serious short-term harms were detected across the studies analyzed, though the authors emphasized that larger and longer-duration trials remain essential to fully assess the safety profile of vaping products over extended periods of use.

That caution reflects a broader and growing body of emerging research pointing toward potential harms associated with vaping, including evidence suggesting vapes may be linked to increased cancer risk, according to related coverage from the same publication. The central tension the review leaves unresolved is whether, for an individual smoker specifically trying to quit, the demonstrated benefit in quit-success rates outweighs those still-developing long-term risk concerns, a question the study’s authors acknowledged will require continued rigorous research to fully answer.

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Tobacco use remains one of the leading preventable causes of death globally, killing more than 7 million people each year, according to figures cited in the review’s coverage, with more than 1.6 million of those deaths occurring among nonsmokers exposed to secondhand smoke. Given that scale of harm, researchers behind the review suggested that expanding the range of proven, effective options available to help people quit smoking, including regulated nicotine vaping, could meaningfully contribute to reducing tobacco-related mortality, even as questions about vaping’s own long-term health effects remain an active and important area of ongoing scientific investigation.

Funding for the systematic review came from Cancer Research UK, the National Cancer Institute of the National Institutes of Health, and the FDA Center for Tobacco Products, according to the study’s disclosed funding sources.

This story includes information about tobacco and nicotine use, including vaping as a cessation strategy. If you are currently smoking and considering methods to quit, a health care provider can help you weigh the available options, including regulated nicotine replacement therapies and e-cigarettes, based on your individual health history and circumstances.

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Meta’s $18bn settlement may hasten reckoning for social media on child safety

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Mark Zuckerberg, CEO of Meta testifies before the Senate Judiciary Committee at the Dirksen Senate Office Building on 31 January

As part of the settlement, the social media giant has agreed to make a number of changes to the way Instagram and Facebook operate for its youngest users.

Some experts say it is long overdue.

The new safety barriers include a two-hour time limit across both platforms, which will be a default setting for known teen users. But direct messaging on the platforms will not count towards the daily use limit.

Notifications will be muted between midnight and 06:00 and on school days between 08:00 and 15:00.

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Likes on posts and content will also be entirely hidden on the platforms for teens.

Most of these new features will be made either default or an option for teens within six months.

However, new efforts by Meta to better identify which users on its platforms are children will take up to a year to be rolled out.

I would be surprised if these measures remain within the confines of the US for very long, as other countries will almost certainly be keen to adopt them too.

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Meta also says the new features will only truly help children if all of its rivals adopt them as well.

It’s a highly competitive industry, but given the global backlash against social media and its impact on children, perhaps others like TikTok and Snapchat may have to follow suit.

The question then is whether children will still bother with them, once they are deliberately toned down into a much blander offering.

And perhaps that would bring the social media era to a natural end, as existing adults gradually aged out of it.

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Arturo Bejar, the ex-Instagram engineer turned whistleblower, says the proof of the pudding will be in whether the new teen safety features are effective.

“At the end of the day, Meta needs to be held accountable for results, not efforts,” he told me.

Additional reporting from Kali Hays

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Ocular Therapeutix CEO Dugel sells $233,159 in shares

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Plug-in solar panels are coming to a shop near you – what to know

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Infographic showing how plug-in solar panels work. A solar panel outside a house converts sunlight into direct current (DC) electricity, which passes through a microinverter that converts it to alternating current (AC). An AC cable then plugs into a standard household socket to help power the home.

The government hopes the plug-in panels will offer people a more affordable way into solar energy compared to roof installation, although savings will be lower because they generate less power.

A one-panel kit will cost £699 while two-panels will be £1,089, according to UK solar company UKSOL.

The government expects prices to settle at £400-£600 as competition increases and more products are developed.

Its research shows a household could save between £70 and £110 a year on their energy bills.

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The precise amount will depend on how the panels are orientated and how long they run. An unshaded south-facing spot is best.

Households which use energy during daylight hours will benefit most as the electricity must be used as it is generated.

Any power not consumed will flow back to the grid, but it’s unlikely homes will get any cash for this.

Unlike rooftop solar panels, these systems do not need to be certified under the official Microgeneration Certification Scheme (MCS), which is the UK’s official quality mark for small-scale renewable energy systems.

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But it also means they will not normally qualify for the Smart Export Guarantee that pays people for excess solar power.

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Experts' five tips to make a rented property feel like home

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Experts share tips on how to make a flat or house feel like your own without annoying the landlord.

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Globalstar director James F. Lynch sells $8.99m in shares

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Globalstar director James F. Lynch sells $8.99m in shares

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Asbestos in Commercial Buildings: A UK Owner’s Duty

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Asbestos in Commercial Buildings: A UK Owner's Duty

Most owners never think about asbestos until a builder stops work mid-job. Yet it sits quietly in thousands of older commercial premises across the country. The material is harmless while left alone, and dangerous once disturbed. For a business owner, that quiet risk carries a real legal duty.

The scale is easy to underestimate. Any property built or refurbished before 2000 may hold it, since the last types were only banned in 1999. Older shops, offices, and workshops sit among the many buildings that contain asbestos materials, and the risk stays hidden until a drill or a refit brings it into the open. Knowing where it lives, and what the law expects, protects both your staff and your budget.

Where Is Asbestos Hiding In Older Commercial Buildings?

Asbestos-containing materials, or ACMs, rarely look dramatic. They blend into fabric that owners walk past every day. That is exactly why a quick visual glance is never enough. Trained surveyors find it in places most people would never check.

Common spots include pipe lagging, ceiling tiles, and textured coatings such as old Artex. It also turns up in floor tiles, cement roof sheets, and guttering. Asbestos insulating board sat behind many partition walls and fire doors. Any refit from the 1960s to the late 1990s deserves a careful look.

Condition matters as much as location. Sealed, undamaged material in good order poses little immediate threat. Problems start when the surface breaks and fibres drift into the air. So a sound record of what sits where, and in what state, is the real starting point.

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What Does the Law Ask of a Business Owner?

The core rule is the Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012. Its heart is a legal duty to manage asbestos in non-domestic premises. This applies whether you own the freehold or hold a repairing lease. It is a duty to control the risk, not always to remove the material.

The duty runs through a clear cycle. You must find out if asbestos is present and record its location. You then assess the risk and write a plan to manage it. That plan needs regular review, and everyone who might disturb the material must be told.

This sits alongside wider workplace safety law. If you are new to a site, the same care applies before you sign. Anyone renting a commercial space should ask for the asbestos register before taking on the lease. A gap in that paperwork can become your problem on day one.

Who Counts as the Duty Holder?

The law puts the duty on whoever controls maintenance and repair. In a leased unit, that role can sit with the landlord, the tenant, or both. The tenancy agreement usually settles the split. Read it closely, because assumptions here get expensive.

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Alt text: A clipboard with survey notes on a table inside an old industrial building

Owner-occupiers carry the duty outright. A managing agent may hold it on behalf of a client. Where several parties share a building, the duty can be shared too. The safest move is to name the duty holder in writing and keep that clear.

How Do You Manage Asbestos Once You Find It?

Start with a survey by a competent, accredited surveyor. A management survey covers normal day-to-day occupation of the building. A refurbishment or demolition survey goes further before any works begin. The type you need depends on what you plan to do next.

From the survey you build an asbestos register and a management plan. The register lists each ACM, its location, and its condition. The plan sets out how you monitor it and who acts if it is damaged. Official HSE asbestos guidance sets out these duties in practical detail.

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Training closes the loop. Anyone liable to disturb asbestos needs awareness training first, from electricians to shopfitters. This is one of the health and safety rules that owners forget until an inspection lands. A short course is far cheaper than a stop notice or a fine.

When Should You Call a Licensed Professional?

Not every job needs a licensed contractor, but the riskiest ones do. Higher-risk work, such as removing sprayed coatings or insulating board, requires an HSE licence. Lower-risk tasks may be handled under notifiable non-licensed work rules. Guessing the category is the mistake that hurts people.

If material looks damaged, stop and seek advice before anyone touches it. Do not sweep, drill, or bag suspect debris yourself. A qualified surveyor can test a sample and confirm what you are dealing with. Paying for that certainty is always the cheaper path in the end.

A Duty Holder’s Practical Starting Checklist

  • Confirm in writing who holds the duty to manage for each premises.
  • Arrange a management survey for any building predating the year 2000.
  • Build an asbestos register and keep it somewhere staff can find it.
  • Book awareness training for anyone whose work might disturb the fabric.
  • Review the plan at least once a year, or after any building work.
  • Ask for the register before you sign a lease on older premises.

Making Asbestos Management Part of Doing Business

Handled early, asbestos is a routine matter rather than a crisis. The steps are known, the surveyors are accredited, and the paperwork is light once set up. What turns it into a problem is silence and delay.

Treat the duty as ordinary upkeep, like a gas check or a fire drill. Book the survey, keep the record current, and brief your team. Do that, and a hidden risk becomes a managed line in your maintenance file. Your people stay safe, and your business stays on the right side of the law.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Does My Business Really Have an Asbestos Duty?

Yes, if you control the maintenance or repair of non-domestic premises. The Control of Asbestos Regulations 2012 place a legal duty to manage on you. This holds even when you rent rather than own. The exact split between landlord and tenant depends on your lease.

How Do I Know If My Building Contains Asbestos?

Age is the first clue. Any building worked on before 2000 may contain it, as the final ban came in 1999. A management survey by an accredited surveyor gives you a proper answer. Never rely on a quick look, because most ACMs are hidden from view.

Do I Have to Remove Asbestos I Find?

Not always, and often you should not. Material in good, sealed condition is usually safer left in place and monitored. Removal is a job for trained contractors and can release fibres if done badly. Your management plan decides whether to manage, repair, or remove.

What Happens If I Ignore the Duty to Manage?

The risk to health is the first and worst outcome. On top of that, breaches can bring enforcement notices and heavy fines. Inspectors can stop work on a site until the issue is fixed.

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Ring Launches New ‘TAKE’ Encryption System, Set to Become Default for All Customers Worldwide

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Kanzhun Shares Jump 17% as China's Top Recruitment Platform Reports

Amazon-owned Ring announced a new video encryption system Wednesday called TAKE, short for Throw Away the Key Encryption, which the company says will become the default privacy standard for all Ring customers worldwide once fully rolled out, beginning in phases this September.

According to Ring, TAKE is designed to deliver stronger default privacy protections for the company’s video doorbells and home security cameras while still preserving the intelligent features customers rely on, including Smart Alerts, a balance the company says its previous end-to-end encryption option could not offer without sacrificing certain functionality.

Ring’s videos have already been encrypted both while traveling to the cloud and while stored at rest, according to the company. TAKE adds an additional layer of control by using unique, rotating encryption keys for each video. A copy of those keys is temporarily held inside what Ring describes as a secure enclave within the cloud, a protected environment the company compared to a sealed vault that grants Ring access to the key only under strict, limited conditions tied to the specific intelligent features a customer has activated on their account. Once those features have processed the video, Ring says it discards and permanently deletes its copy of the key. From that point forward, only the account holder, along with any trusted Shared Users they have specifically chosen to enable, retains access to the keys needed to view the video on their own enrolled devices, such as a phone, tablet or computer.

Ring described the system using a household analogy to illustrate how the new encryption approach functions in practice. The company compared TAKE to house keys: the company that manufactures a lock does not keep a copy of the key for itself, a homeowner might give a spare key to a close friend or family member they trust completely, and if a handyman needs access to fix something, the homeowner lends a key only for the duration of the job before getting it back. According to Ring, TAKE operates on that same underlying principle, with the account holder retaining the master key to their videos and deciding who receives access to a spare, and for what specific purpose.

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The new system builds on privacy protections Ring first introduced in 2021, when the company became the first major smart home security provider to offer customers full end-to-end encryption, or E2EE, as an optional setting for those seeking the highest available level of video privacy and control. That E2EE option will remain available going forward as an alternative to the new default TAKE system, according to Ring. Under E2EE, only a customer’s specifically enrolled devices ever gain access to their encryption keys, a design that limits certain functionality; because access is restricted so tightly under E2EE, Shared Users and various cloud-based features are not supported under that setting, though core functions including live view, playback and direct video sharing continue to work seamlessly.

Under the new arrangement, every Ring customer will receive stronger encryption protections by default once TAKE fully rolls out, according to the company, while customers who want an even higher level of control can continue opting into the existing E2EE setting instead. Ring said customers will be able to manage their encryption settings at any time directly within the Ring app, adjusting those settings on a per-device basis and switching between the two encryption options as their needs change.

The announcement arrives alongside a broader hardware update from Ring. According to the company, Ring is also introducing 4K video support for battery-powered video doorbells for the first time, alongside three new 2K doorbell models that expand high-resolution video recording capability across both battery-powered and hardwired doorbell products.

Ring framed the TAKE rollout as part of an ongoing, continuous approach to privacy and security development rather than a one-time initiative. The company said it remains focused on listening to customer feedback regarding privacy priorities and continuing to develop new features and protections in response to those concerns as its technology and product lineup continue to evolve.

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According to Ring, TAKE will roll out to customers in phases beginning in September, with the company indicating the system will ultimately become the default encryption standard applied to all Ring customers globally once that phased rollout is complete. The company has published a white paper detailing the technical specifics of the new encryption upgrade and has directed customers seeking additional information about how their video content is protected to visit Ring’s dedicated privacy page.

The introduction of TAKE reflects broader industry-wide attention to privacy and data security within the connected home security camera market, a sector that has faced periodic scrutiny in recent years over how companies handle and protect sensitive video footage captured inside and around customers’ homes. By introducing a system designed to combine stronger default encryption with continued access to cloud-based smart features, Ring appears to be positioning TAKE as a middle-ground option between standard cloud storage, which typically grants the company broader technical access to stored video, and full end-to-end encryption, which restricts cloud-based functionality more significantly in exchange for maximum customer control over video access.

As the phased rollout of TAKE begins in September, Ring customers can expect the new encryption standard to gradually become the default setting applied across their devices, with the company emphasizing that customers will retain the ability to adjust their specific encryption preferences at any time through the Ring app as the new system becomes more widely available across the company’s global customer base.

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Trump order targets foreign equipment used across the US power grid

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Trump order targets foreign equipment used across the US power grid

President Donald Trump’s new national emergency declaration could restrict U.S. purchases and imports of certain foreign-made power grid equipment and potentially force utilities and infrastructure operators to replace equipment already in service as the administration moves to address national security risks to the electric system.

Under an executive order signed Wednesday, the Energy Department can prohibit the acquisition, importation, transfer or installation of foreign-produced bulk-power equipment if officials determine the transaction involves a covered foreign entity and poses an unacceptable security risk.

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The order goes further for equipment already operating on the U.S. grid. The energy secretary can require foreign-manufactured or operated equipment to be identified, isolated, monitored, secured, disconnected, replaced or removed, potentially requiring utilities and other infrastructure operators to make changes to existing systems.

Those provisions could carry financial and operational consequences for the power sector, although the order does not estimate potential costs or identify which equipment or vendors could ultimately be affected.

TRUMP BLASTS BIG OIL FOR ‘MAKING TOO MUCH MONEY’

Power transmission infrastructure and switchyard at San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station in California

The power transmission infrastructure and switchyard at San Onofre Nuclear Generating Station in California. (Allen J. Schaben/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images / Getty Images)

The administration said the restrictions are necessary because foreign-produced equipment could contain vulnerabilities, including digital backdoors capable of providing remote access to critical infrastructure. The White House also argues that reliance on foreign suppliers leaves the U.S. vulnerable to equipment shortages caused by trade disruptions or other supply shocks.

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The stakes have increased as artificial intelligence, data centers, advanced manufacturing and defense production drive greater demand for reliable electricity, according to the order.

NEW YORK’S AI DATA CENTER PAUSE SPARKS WARNINGS US COULD LOSE GROUND TO CHINA

President Donald Trump signs an executive order in the Oval Office at the White House

President Donald Trump signs an executive order in the Oval Office at the White House in Washington, D.C. (Bonnie Cash/UPI/Bloomberg via Getty Images / Getty Images)

The equipment potentially covered spans major pieces of grid infrastructure, including transformers, generators, battery energy storage systems, grid-connected inverters, turbines and industrial control systems, as well as associated software, firmware and remote-access capabilities.

The order directs officials to weigh reliability and safety, the availability of secure replacement equipment and continuity of essential service before requiring equipment to be isolated, disconnected, replaced or removed. The Energy Department can also phase in compliance.

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The order does not impose a blanket ban on all foreign-made grid equipment. Restrictions depend on Energy Department determinations involving covered foreign entities and national security risks, and the department can establish a list of pre-qualified equipment and vendors.

The Energy Department has 120 days to publish implementing rules or regulations as needed, providing the power industry with a clearer picture of which suppliers and equipment could face restrictions.

Workers assemble electrical transformers at a factory in Neijiang, China

Workers assemble transformers at a factory in Neijiang, China, on July 31, 2026. President Donald Trump’s executive order gives the Energy Department authority to restrict certain foreign-produced bulk power equipment that officials determine poses a (Tang Mingrun/VCG via Getty Images / Getty Images)

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Trump is also directing the federal government to reconsider how it purchases energy infrastructure. Within 180 days, the energy secretary must recommend changes to federal procurement rules aimed at addressing national security risks and prioritizing U.S.-manufactured energy infrastructure in federal procurement.

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That provision could have another business impact, shifting some federal demand away from foreign suppliers and toward domestic manufacturers as Washington seeks to secure the equipment underpinning an increasingly power-hungry U.S. economy.

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Rainier Acquisition prices $75M IPO on Nasdaq

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Rainier Acquisition prices $75M IPO on Nasdaq

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Super Hi International Holding Ltd. 2026 Q2 – Results – Earnings Call Presentation (NASDAQ:HDL) 2026-08-26

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OneWater Marine Inc. (ONEW) Q1 2026 Earnings Call Transcript

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Seeking Alpha’s transcripts team is responsible for the development of all of our transcript-related projects. We currently publish thousands of quarterly earnings calls per quarter on our site and are continuing to grow and expand our coverage. The purpose of this profile is to allow us to share with our readers new transcript-related developments. Thanks, SA Transcripts Team

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